Over the past few decades,genetic selection and refined nutritional management have extensively been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of livestock.However,the rapid growth rates of modern bree...Over the past few decades,genetic selection and refined nutritional management have extensively been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of livestock.However,the rapid growth rates of modern breeds are often accompanied by a reduction in intramuscular fat deposition and increased occurrences of muscle abnor‑malities,impairing meat quality and processing functionality.Early stages of animal development set the long‑term growth trajectory of offspring.However,due to the seasonal reproductive cycles of ruminant livestock,gestational nutrient deficiencies caused by seasonal variations,frequent droughts,and unfavorable geological locations nega‑tively affect fetal development and their subsequent production efficiency and meat quality.Therefore,enrolling live‑stock in nutritional intervention strategies during gestation is effective for improving the body composition and meat quality of the offspring at harvest.These crucial early developmental stages include embryonic,fetal,and postnatal stages,which have stage‑specific effects on subsequent offspring development,body composition,and meat quality.This review summarizes contemporary research in the embryonic,fetal,and neonatal development,and the impacts of maternal nutrition on the early development and programming effects on the long‑term growth performance of livestock.Understanding the developmental and metabolic characteristics of skeletal muscle,adipose,and fibrotic tissues will facilitate the development of stage‑specific nutritional management strategies to optimize production efficiency and meat quality.展开更多
With the prevailing and popular entertainment programs, it brought huge benefits to TV stations, but at the same time caused a variety problems of homogenization. The paper analyzes the causes of the entertainment pro...With the prevailing and popular entertainment programs, it brought huge benefits to TV stations, but at the same time caused a variety problems of homogenization. The paper analyzes the causes of the entertainment programs, the root of homogenization, building game theory models between TV stations, TV station and audience to regulate and control the issue of homogeneity about entertainment programs.展开更多
目的观察应用睡眠健康管理系统辅助治疗失眠障碍的临床疗效。方法选取2021年12月至2022年12月于杭州市中医院睡眠障碍门诊就诊的120例失眠障碍患者,随机均分为常规治疗组和睡眠管理组,分别予以单独失眠的中西医药物基础治疗和基础治疗...目的观察应用睡眠健康管理系统辅助治疗失眠障碍的临床疗效。方法选取2021年12月至2022年12月于杭州市中医院睡眠障碍门诊就诊的120例失眠障碍患者,随机均分为常规治疗组和睡眠管理组,分别予以单独失眠的中西医药物基础治疗和基础治疗联合睡眠健康管理系统辅助干预的综合治疗。比较两组患者的睡眠、情绪及对睡眠的认知的改善情况和临床疗效。结果睡眠管理组患者的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)、7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表(generalized anxiety disorder scale-7,GAD-7)、9项患者健康问卷(patient health questiomnare-9,PHQ-9)、16项睡眠个人信念与态度量表(dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep scale-16,DBAS-16)及中医症候量化评分均明显降低,中西医临床疗效均高于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用睡眠健康管理系统辅助治疗失眠障碍可提高常规失眠治疗的有效率,可有效改善失眠障碍患者的睡眠、焦虑、抑郁、对睡眠的认知及中医症状。展开更多
Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)is a significant immune checkpoint,and the dysfunction of this axis contributes to tumor metastasis and immune escape.PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signal...Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)is a significant immune checkpoint,and the dysfunction of this axis contributes to tumor metastasis and immune escape.PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signal network induces PD-1/PD-L1 expression and facilitates tumor progression.Transcriptional factors such as hypoxia induced factors,PTEN,p53,CDK5,BRD4,STAT modulate PD-1/PDL1 expression.PD-1/PD-L1 level is also regulated via epigenetic and post-translational manner.The underlying mechanisms mentioned above may provide potential targets for tumor treatment.At present,the combination therapy of PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies plus small molecular inhibitors has achieved good outcomes in tumor treatment.展开更多
China is facing important challenges stemming from increasing rates of urbanization and aging population. To pursue its ＂harmonious society＂ objective without disrupting its path to development major overhauls are n...China is facing important challenges stemming from increasing rates of urbanization and aging population. To pursue its ＂harmonious society＂ objective without disrupting its path to development major overhauls are necessary in education, health, social security and above all in public services, particularly in electricity. China＇s electricity industry is at the crossroads. To meet the challenges, new models of regulation should be developed and applied. This paper examines the current state of the Chinese electricity industry and the burden it imposes on its public finances. It also reviews and critically examines the existing FIT （Europe） and RPS （USA） models of regulation and of promotion of renewable energies and advances on whether they are advantageous for China. It is argued that the electricity industry has already undergone important reforms but cross subsidies still exist, equivalent to 1.5% of China＇s GDP. Drastic rate rebalancing policies will create sustainability problems and a deterioration of China＇s public finances. To avoid such negative results, China has to further reform its electricity industry gradually and use wisely FIT-type programs to bring renewables into the grid and fulfill the Kyoto Protocol展开更多
基金supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants(No.2015-67015-23219 and 2016-68006-24634)from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
文摘Over the past few decades,genetic selection and refined nutritional management have extensively been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of livestock.However,the rapid growth rates of modern breeds are often accompanied by a reduction in intramuscular fat deposition and increased occurrences of muscle abnor‑malities,impairing meat quality and processing functionality.Early stages of animal development set the long‑term growth trajectory of offspring.However,due to the seasonal reproductive cycles of ruminant livestock,gestational nutrient deficiencies caused by seasonal variations,frequent droughts,and unfavorable geological locations nega‑tively affect fetal development and their subsequent production efficiency and meat quality.Therefore,enrolling live‑stock in nutritional intervention strategies during gestation is effective for improving the body composition and meat quality of the offspring at harvest.These crucial early developmental stages include embryonic,fetal,and postnatal stages,which have stage‑specific effects on subsequent offspring development,body composition,and meat quality.This review summarizes contemporary research in the embryonic,fetal,and neonatal development,and the impacts of maternal nutrition on the early development and programming effects on the long‑term growth performance of livestock.Understanding the developmental and metabolic characteristics of skeletal muscle,adipose,and fibrotic tissues will facilitate the development of stage‑specific nutritional management strategies to optimize production efficiency and meat quality.
文摘With the prevailing and popular entertainment programs, it brought huge benefits to TV stations, but at the same time caused a variety problems of homogenization. The paper analyzes the causes of the entertainment programs, the root of homogenization, building game theory models between TV stations, TV station and audience to regulate and control the issue of homogeneity about entertainment programs.
文摘目的观察应用睡眠健康管理系统辅助治疗失眠障碍的临床疗效。方法选取2021年12月至2022年12月于杭州市中医院睡眠障碍门诊就诊的120例失眠障碍患者,随机均分为常规治疗组和睡眠管理组,分别予以单独失眠的中西医药物基础治疗和基础治疗联合睡眠健康管理系统辅助干预的综合治疗。比较两组患者的睡眠、情绪及对睡眠的认知的改善情况和临床疗效。结果睡眠管理组患者的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)、7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表(generalized anxiety disorder scale-7,GAD-7)、9项患者健康问卷(patient health questiomnare-9,PHQ-9)、16项睡眠个人信念与态度量表(dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep scale-16,DBAS-16)及中医症候量化评分均明显降低,中西医临床疗效均高于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用睡眠健康管理系统辅助治疗失眠障碍可提高常规失眠治疗的有效率,可有效改善失眠障碍患者的睡眠、焦虑、抑郁、对睡眠的认知及中医症状。
文摘Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)is a significant immune checkpoint,and the dysfunction of this axis contributes to tumor metastasis and immune escape.PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signal network induces PD-1/PD-L1 expression and facilitates tumor progression.Transcriptional factors such as hypoxia induced factors,PTEN,p53,CDK5,BRD4,STAT modulate PD-1/PDL1 expression.PD-1/PD-L1 level is also regulated via epigenetic and post-translational manner.The underlying mechanisms mentioned above may provide potential targets for tumor treatment.At present,the combination therapy of PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies plus small molecular inhibitors has achieved good outcomes in tumor treatment.
文摘China is facing important challenges stemming from increasing rates of urbanization and aging population. To pursue its ＂harmonious society＂ objective without disrupting its path to development major overhauls are necessary in education, health, social security and above all in public services, particularly in electricity. China＇s electricity industry is at the crossroads. To meet the challenges, new models of regulation should be developed and applied. This paper examines the current state of the Chinese electricity industry and the burden it imposes on its public finances. It also reviews and critically examines the existing FIT （Europe） and RPS （USA） models of regulation and of promotion of renewable energies and advances on whether they are advantageous for China. It is argued that the electricity industry has already undergone important reforms but cross subsidies still exist, equivalent to 1.5% of China＇s GDP. Drastic rate rebalancing policies will create sustainability problems and a deterioration of China＇s public finances. To avoid such negative results, China has to further reform its electricity industry gradually and use wisely FIT-type programs to bring renewables into the grid and fulfill the Kyoto Protocol
