Clinical Study on the Effectiveness of Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin for Treating Cutaneous Infections and Promoting Wound Healing in Patients with Perianal Abscess

Objective:To explore the effect of the Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin(XFHM)for treating cutaneous infections and promoting wound healing in patients with perianal abscesses.Methods:Sixty-one patients with perianal abscesses who were admitted to our hospital(Xinghua City People’s Hospital)from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups,a control group(30 cases)and a study group(31 cases).Both groups received surgical treatment.The control group received conventional treatment and warm water fumigation,sitz bath,and surgical dressing change after surgery,while the research group received XFHM based on the control group.XFHM was taken orally and replaced with warm water for fumigation and sitz bathing.Both groups received treatment for 4 weeks but discontinued sitz bathing after 2 weeks.Various clinical indicators between the two groups were compared.Results:The total clinical effective rate and wound recovery rate of the study group were higher than that of the control group.There were differences in the wound pain scores,surrounding tissue edema,and wound secretions at different time points.Both groups experienced wound pain.The scores of wound pain,surrounding tissue edema,and wound secretions of the study group were lower than those of the control group,7 and 14 days after surgery.The serum interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)levels,and pH values of the study group were lower than those of the control group 10 days after surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of XFHM for treating cutaneous infections and promoting wound healing in patients with perianal abscesses improved the treatment outcome,alleviated clinical symptoms,and promoted healing.

The Quest for Haven in Sister Carrie

This essay analyses Theodore Dreiser’s Sister Carrie through the lens of cultural studies,examining the portrayal of domesticity and the quest for an ideal home in late-nineteenth-century America.It explores the complex relationships between the main characters,Carrie and Hurstwood,and their families,as well as their struggles with materialism and alienation.Through close analysis of societal context,the characters’familial backgrounds and emotional yearnings,the essay delves into the characters’longing for stability and belonging and their journey toward understanding the true essence of dwelling amidst the changing urban landscape.It argues that Dreiser’s novel critiques the superficial pursuit of material comforts and highlights the importance of introspection and self-discovery in finding lasting happiness amidst societal turmoil.Ultimately,through the prism of domesticity,the essay delves into broader themes of identity,belonging,and existential fulfillment in a heartless society marked by materialism and alienation.

Lost,Exile and Return-An Analysis of Sheona’s Identity Reconstruction in“Sisters”from the Perspective of Spatial Theory

“Sisters”is the first novel in Irish-American author Colum McCann’s short story collection-Fishing the Sloe-Black River,which tells the story of Sheona’s search for her identity between Ireland and the United States.Colum McCann is skilled in writing about the spiritual dilemmas and identity search of ethnic minorities living in a foreign land.Employing the space theory and Sheona’s perspective,this paper examines her identity loss in Ireland’s patriarchal system,her migration to the US for identity pursuit,and her subsequent transnational journey between the two nations to reconstruct her identity amidst physical and mental trauma.

A Study of the Treatment of Disfiguring Diseases in the “Qian Jin Fang”

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been passed down for more than 2,000 years.TCM beauty products driven by the principles of identification and treatment with various dosage forms and exhibit mild and safe efficacy are bound to become a main component of the beauty industry in the future.Xu once commented that“Qian Jin Fang”is different from the traditional prescription system,which emphasizes the use of medicines.In this paper,we mainly selected the prescriptions for the treatment of disfigurement diseases such as acne,scarring,black dryness,face hyperpigmentation,black mole,and rosacea from the article titled,“Upper Seven Orifices Disease-Facial Medicine IX”in the Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang[1].By studying and analyzing the original composition of the formula,understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease,and exploring the characteristics of the formula concerning the efficacy of TCM,their properties,flavors,and meridians,we summarized the characteristics of the Qian Jin Fang.It is based on the external treatment of disfigurement diseases,with a wide variety of drugs,flexibility,and accuracy.This method draws upon analogies while utilizing excipients and harmonizers to focus on the combined healing approach of treatment and nourishment.

腺癌多发转移合并Sister Mary Joseph结节

报告1例腺癌多发转移合并Sister Mary Joseph结节。患者男,49岁。脐部斑块、结节6个月,腰痛2个月。皮肤科检查:脐部一直径3.5 cm的淡红色浸润性斑块,表面可见多个直径1~5 mm淡红色丘疹、结节,簇集呈菜花样外观,质地坚韧,活动度差。CT检查示纵隔内淋巴结增大,腰3~腰5椎体等多处骨质破坏;锝亚甲基二膦酸盐(^(99m)Tc-MDP)全身骨显像示全身骨骼多处异常放射性浓聚灶。皮损组织病理检查:表皮大致正常,真皮全层致密增生的胶原束间肿瘤细胞呈单个或条索状、列兵样排列,部分肿瘤细胞核大、深染,有明显异形性。免疫组化:细胞角蛋白(CK)、CK7、绒毛蛋白(villin)均阳性表达。腰4椎体针吸组织病理检查符合转移性腺癌,免疫组化示CK及低分子质量细胞角蛋白(CAM)5.2均阳性表达。诊断:腺癌多发转移合并Sister Mary Joseph结节。治疗:患者拒绝接受治疗,随访至13个月时死亡。

Possible mechanisms associated with immune escape and apoptosis on anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect of Mu Ji Fang granules

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common digestive system cancers with high mortality rates worldwide.The main ingredients in Mu Ji Fang Granules(MJF)are alkaloids,flavonoids,and polysaccharides.MJF has been used in the clinical treatment of hepatitis,cirrhosis and HCC for more than 30 years.Few previous studies have focused on the mechanism of MJF on tumor immunology in the treatment of HCC.AIM To explore the mechanism of action of MJF on tumor immunology in the treatment of HCC.METHODS The absorbable ingredients of MJF were identified using Molecule Network related to High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electron Spray Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry,and hub potential anti-HCC targets were screened using network pharmacology and pathway enrichment analysis.Forty male mice were randomly divided into the Blank,Model,and MJF groups(1.8,5.4,and 10.8 g/kg/d)following 7 d of oral administration.Average body weight gain,spleen and thymus indices were calculated,tumor tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin,and Interferon gamma(IFN-γ),Tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),Interleukin-2,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),Fas,and FasL were measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay.Relevant mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl2 was evaluated by Real Time Quantitative PCR(RTqPCR)and protein expression of Transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1)and Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog(SMAD)4 was assessed by Western blotting.The HepG2 cell line was treated with 10 mg/mL,20 mg/mL,30 mg/mL,40 mg/mL of MJF,and another 3 groups were treated with TGF-β1 inhibitor(LY364947)and different doses of MJF.Relevant mRNA expression of TNF-α,IFN-γ,Bax and Bcl2 was evaluated by RT-qPCR and protein expression of TGF-β1,SMAD2,p-SMAD2,SMAD4,and SMAD7 was assessed by Western blotting.RESULTS It was shown that MJF improved body weight gain and tumor inhibition rate in H22 tumorbearing mice,protected immune organs and liver function,reduced the HCC indicator AFP,affected immunity and apoptosis,and up-regulated the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway,by increasing the relative expression of TGF-β1,SMAD2,p-SMAD2 and SMAD4 and decreasing SMAD7,reducing immune factors TNF-αand IFN-γ,decreasing apoptosis cytokines Fas,FasL and Bcl2/Bax,and inhibiting the effect of LY364947 in HepG2 cells.CONCLUSION MJF inhibits HCC by activating the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway,and affecting immune and apoptotic cytokines,which may be due to MJF adjusting immune escape and apoptosis.

Mechanism of Huatan Sanjie Fang in improving goiter in Graves'disease mice based on the Hippo signaling pathway

Objective:To explore the mechanism of Huatan Sanjie Fang(HTSJ)in regulating goiter in Graves'disease(GD)mice by detecting key factors of the Hippo signaling pathway.Methods:A mouse model of GD was established by injecting Ad-TSHR289 adenovirus into the bilateral quadriceps femoris of female mice.Successful mouse models were then randomly divided into a model group,methimazole(MMI)group,and HTSJ group,and fed with deionized water,MMI(4.5 mg/kg per day),and HTSJ(35.10 g/kg per day),respectively,for 10 weeks.Histopathological changes of the thyroid gland were subsequently observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Radioimmunoassay was used to detect serum total thyroxine(T4)and thyrotrophin-receptor antibody(TRAb)levels.The relative expression of mRNA of Mst1,YAP,and TAZ were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,while the protein expression of Mst1,YAP,TAZ,pMst1,and pYAP were detected by western blot.Results:After 10 weeks of drug intervention,goiter and other pathological changes in the HTSJ group significantly improved compared with the model group,and the levels of serum T4 and TRAb significantly decreased(P=.002,P<.001,respectively).Decreased mRNA expression of Mst1,YAP,and TAZ,the key factors of the Hippo signaling transduction pathway,was also observed(P=.002,P=.022,P<.001,respectively).In contrast,protein expression of Mst1(P=.046),pMst1(P=.026),and p YAP(P=.004)increased,while protein expression of YAP and TAZ decreased(P=.041,P<.001,respectively).Conclusion:HTSJ can effectively improve goiter in GD mice through the Hippo signaling pathway.

Trying to Explain the Theoretical Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine “Huashi Baidu Fang” in the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 with Western Medical Theory: A Review

Purpose: This work is aimed to explain the theoretical basis of “Huashi Baidu Fang” in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with western medical theory. Methods: We analyze the “Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Version 1 to Version 7)” made by China, “Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection is suspected—Interim guidance” made by World Health Organization (WHO), “Therapeutic Guidelines: Respiratory (Version 5)”, “Therapeutic Guidelines: Gastrointestinal (Version 5)” and “Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic (Version 15)” published by Australia, and the origin of classical prescription of “Huashi Baidu Fang”: “Shanghanlun (Treatise on Febrile Diseases)”, “Jinkui Yaolue (Synopsis of Golden Chamber)” and “Wenyi Lun (The Epidemic Febrile Disease)”. We search the dictionary of traditional Chinese medicine (Version II) manually. And we search literatures from 2001 to 2020 on Wiley online library. We conduct a comparative study among the symptoms of TCM formulations in “Huashi Baidu Fang”, the pathogenesis and clinical manifestation of COVID-19 and COPD with acute gastrointestinal inflammation. And we carry out pharmacological inquiry of “Huashi Baidu Fang”. Results: The clinical manifestations of respiratory symptoms and gastrointestinal tract of syndrome of lung obstruction due to epidemic toxin and acute exacerbation of COPD are almost the same;The formulations used in “Huashi Baidu Fang” are consistent with the pharmacological activity of the drug recommended in the Therapeutic Guidelines. Conclusion: “Huashi Baidu Fang” may play a positive role in COVID-19.

Long-term survival of the Sister Mary Joseph nodule originating from breast cancer:A case report

BACKGROUND A Sister Mary Joseph nodule(SMJN)is an uncommon cutaneous metastasis found in the umbilicus,indicating an advanced malignancy.SMJNs typically originate from intra-abdominal sources,rarely from breast cancer.Diagnosis suggests a poor prognosis with a median survival of approximately 8 mo after detection.Managing patients with SMJNs is challenging,as most receive limited palliative care only.The optimal strategy for long-term survival of these patients remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old female,previously diagnosed with right breast cancer 17 years ago and underwent breast-conserving surgery,adjuvant radiotherapy,and endocrine therapy,presented with a 2-cm umbilical nodule.Thirteen years previously,metastases were detected in the right supraclavicular,infraclavicular,hilar,and mediastinal lymph nodes.An umbilical nodule emerged four years before the date of presentation,confirmed as a skin metastasis of primary breast cancer upon excisional biopsy.Despite initial removal,the nodule recurred and grew,leading to her referral to our hospital.The patient underwent extensive excision of the umbilical tumor and immediate abdominal wall reconstruction.Endocrine therapy was continued postoperatively.Five years later,no local recurrence was observed,and the patient continued to work full-time,achieving over 9 years of survival following SMJN diagnosis.CONCLUSION This case study aimed to identify the optimal strategy for achieving extended survival outcomes in patients with SMJN through comprehensive treatment.We presented a case of the longest survival in a patient after undergoing a multidisciplinary treatment regimen.Our findings underscore the significance of adopting a multimodal treatment approach comprising timely and wide excision along with adjunctive therapy.This approach can control the disease,prolong survival,and improve the quality of life in patients with SMJN.

New Replacement Name for Rana paradoxa Mocquard,1890 with Designations of Lectotypes for Rana paradoxa and Rana conspicillata Günther,1872:Both Synonymized with Limnonectes kuhlii (Tschudi,1838) (Dicroglossidae:Dicroglossinae)

Fanged frogs, now called Limnonectes kuhlii, from Borneo are remotely related to true Javanese L. kuhliL For future taxonomy of Bornean fanged frogs, we fix the nomenclatural status of two existing names, Rana conspicillata Giunther, 1872 and Rana paradoxa Mocquard, 1890. Morphological comparison of the type-series revealed heterospecific relationships of the two species. For R. conspicillata, we designate BMNH 1947.2.29.20 as the lectotype, and for R. para doxa, we also designate MNHN 1889.222 as the lectotype and propose a replacement name Limnonectes mocquardi, in order to stabilize their nomenclature.

Non-genotoxicity of Dental Monomer Siloranes in the Sister Chromatid Exchange Assay with Cultured Mammalian Cells

目的:Siloranes是一种含硅的新型牙科复合树脂环氧乙烷单体,较传统的含碳的环氧乙烷单体具有更好的生物相容性。本研究的目的为用哺乳动物细胞培养检测姐妹染色体交换的方法评估Siloranes的基因毒性,并与传统的环氧乙烷比较。方法:研究所用的传统环氧乙烷为CyracureTM UVR6105。Silorane包括Ph-Sil,TET-Sil和二者50/50(w/w)的混合物(3M-ESPE)。用CHO细胞在有或无S9情况下检测姐妹染色体交换(SCE)。Bonferron post hoc统计分析检测有无显著性差异。结果:与溶剂对照相比,在有或无S9情况下,环氧乙烷UVR6105显著性地增加了培养CHO细胞的SCE数目。3种Silorane单体Ph-Sil,TET-Sil或Sil-Mix均未能增加SCE数目。结论:用哺乳动物细胞培养检测姐妹染色体交换的方法评估显示,3种新型Silorane单体Ph-Sil,TET-Sil或Sil-Mix均未检测出基因毒性效果,提示Silorane单体具有较低基因毒性,是适于研发牙科树脂的新型单体。

On the Treatment of Insomnia with Fang’s Scalp Acupuncture Based on the Therapy of “Regulating Mental Activities and Smoothing the Liver”

As a common clinical disease,insomnia was usually treated with anti-psychotic or sedativehypnotic drugs in Western medicine,which showed a fast efficacy,as well as easy drug tolerance and side effects.In traditional Chinese medicine,the basic and key pathogenesis of insomnia are believed to be“the restlessness of the mind”,as well as“the absence of the mind”;and the treatment mainly focus on“regulating mental activities and smoothing the liver”.By combining the theoretical basis and characteristics of Fang’s scalp acupuncture,this paper aims to explain the advantages of Fang’s scalp acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia,and provide new ideas and methods for its clinical treatment.

The Materialized Lifestyle Under Consumer Culture Reflected in Sister Carrie

In Sister Carrie, Theodore Dreiser depicts a consumer society, where consumption is viewed as an integral part of the social life. Living in such a consumption-dominated context, both Dreiser and his characters in Sister Carrie are unable to avoid its great impact. Consumer culture brands great marks on them, leading them to individualism, pragmatism and hedonism. Under such a context, people are united by their purchases into the web of consumer culture.

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma presenting umbilical hernia and Sister Mary Joseph's nodule

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare aggres-sive tumor of the peritoneum. An increasing number of malignant mesothelioma cases have been reported in recent years. We report here a very rare case of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with both umbilical hernia and umbilical metastasis which is also called Sister Mary Joseph's nodule. We performed laparoscopy which showed specific laparoscopic findings, and the pathological findings of the biopsy specimen led to the diagnosis. This case was associated with umbilical her-nia which could be induced by massive ascites. A newly developed abdominal hernia should be noted as a primary symptom of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, as shown in the present case.

Mechanism underlying the protective effect of Kaixin Jieyu Fang on vascular depression following cerebral white matter damage

The Chinese compound Kaixin fieyu Fang can be used to treat vascular depression; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study established a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia-caused white matter damage by ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries. Rats received daily intragastric administration of a suspension of Kaixin ]ieyu Fang powder. After 3, 7 and 21 days of treatment, the degree of white matter damage in the cerebral ischemia rat model was alleviated, Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expression in brain tissue increased, and Bax protein and mRNA expression decreased. These results indicate that Kaixin Jieyu Fang can alleviate cere- bral white matter damage, and the underlying mechanism is associated with regulation of Bcl-2/ Bax protein and mRNA expression, which is one of possible mechanism behind the protective effect of Kaixin Jieyu Fang against vascular depression.

Gan Shen Fu Fang ameliorates liver fibrosis in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the inflammatory response and extracellular signalregulated kinase phosphorylation

BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a common health problem worldwide and there is still a lack of effective medicines.The Chinese herbal medicine,Gan Shen Fu Fang(GSFF)is composed of salvianolic acid B and diammonium glycyrrhizinate.In this study,we observed the effects of GSFF on liver fibrosis in vivo and in vitro in an attempt to provide some hope for the treatment.AIM To observe the effects of GSFF on liver fibrosis in vivo and in vitro and investigate the mechanism from the perspective of the inflammatory response and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation.METHODS Common bile duct-ligated rats were used for in vivo experiments.Hepatic stellate cells-T6(HSC-T6)cells were used for in vitro experiments.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining,biochemical assays,hydroxyproline(Hyp)assays,enzyme-linked immunoasorbent assay and western blotting were performed to evaluate the degree of liver fibrosis,liver function,the inflammatory response and ERK phosphorylation.The CCK8 assay,immunofluorescence and western blotting were applied to test the effect of GSFF on HSC-T6 cell activation and determine whether GSFF had an effect on ERK phosphorylation in HSC-T6 cells.RESULTS GSFF improved liver function and inhibited liver fibrosis in common bile ductligated rats after 3 wk of treatment,as demonstrated by histological changes,hydroxyproline assays and collagen I concentrations.GSFF alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration and reduced the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines[tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interlukin-1β]and NF-κB.In addition,GSFF decreased ERK phosphorylation.In vitro,GSFF inhibited the viability of HSC-T6 cells with and without transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1)stimulation and decreased the synthesis of collagen I.GSFF had the greatest effect at a concentration of 0.5μmol/L.GSFF inhibited the expression ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),a marker of HSC activation,in HSC-T6 cells.Consistent with the in vivo results,GSFF also inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and downregulated the expression of NF-κB.CONCLUSION GSFF inhibited liver fibrosis progression in vivo and HSC-T6 cell activation in vitro.These effects may be related to an alleviated inflammatory response and downregulated ERK phosphorylation.

The Ideological and Artistic Power of “Sister Carrie”

Theodor Dreiser was one of the most important American writers who came from the lower classes and the European immigrants of the 19th century. He was born in a large, poor and intensely religious family in Terre Haute,Indiana and received a good education in an Indiana high school where a teacher found his talent and gave him some money for his going to Indi-

The Analysis of Theodore Dreiser's Style from the Love Affairs in Sister Carrie

Theodore Dreiser was a controversial writer whose novel Sister Carrie was condemned hardly. This paper aims to conduct a detailed analysis of Sister Carrie and expose the evil nature of bourgeoisie society. At the same time, Dreiser's great insight and perplexitywere clearly reviewed as a realist and naturalist writer.

Comparison of the Naturalism in Sister Carrie and The Open Boat

Theodore Dreiser's Sister Carrie and Stephen Crane's The Open Boat are American naturalistic works in the 19 th centu-ry.The two novels reveal the writers' awareness of the American people's social situation.This paper will analyze Sister Carrie andThe Open Boat from the point of naturalism.