Endogenous Security-Aware Resource Management for Digital Twin and 6G Edge Intelligence Integrated Smart Park

The integration of digital twin(DT)and 6G edge intelligence provides accurate forecasting for distributed resources control in smart park.However,the adverse impact of model poisoning attacks on DT model training cannot be ignored.To address this issue,we firstly construct the models of DT model training and model poisoning attacks.An optimization problem is formulated to minimize the weighted sum of the DT loss function and DT model training delay.Then,the problem is transformed and solved by the proposed Multi-timescAle endogenouS securiTy-aware DQN-based rEsouRce management algorithm(MASTER)based on DT-assisted state information evaluation and attack detection.MASTER adopts multi-timescale deep Q-learning(DQN)networks to jointly schedule local training epochs and devices.It actively adjusts resource management strategies based on estimated attack probability to achieve endogenous security awareness.Simulation results demonstrate that MASTER has excellent performances in DT model training accuracy and delay.

A Novel Green IoT-Based Pay-As-You-Go Smart Parking System

The better management of resources and the potential improvement in trafc congestion via reducing the orbiting time for parking spaces is crucial in a smart city,particularly those with an uneven correlation between the increase in vehicles and infrastructure.This paper proposes and analyses a novel green IoT-based Pay-As-You-Go(PAYG)smart parking system by utilizing unused garage parking spaces.The article also presents an intelligent system that offers the most favorable prices to its users by matching private garages’pricing portfolio with a garage’s current demand.Malta,the world’s fourth-most densely populated country,is considered as a case of a smart city for the implementation of the proposed approach.The results obtained conrm that apart from having a high potential system in such countries,the pricing generated correctly forecasts the demand for a particular garage at a specic time of the day and year.The proposed PAYG smart parking system can effectively contribute to the macro solution to trafc congestion by encouraging potential users to use the system’s services and reducing the orbiting time for parking.

Asymmetric Consortium Blockchain and Homomorphically Polynomial-Based PIR for Secured Smart Parking Systems

In crowded cities,searching for the availability of parking lots is a herculean task as it results in the wastage of drivers’time,increases air pollution,and traffic congestion.Smart parking systems facilitate the drivers to determine the information about the parking lot in real time and book them depending on the requirement.But the existing smart parking systems necessitate the drivers to reveal their sensitive information that includes their mobile number,personal identity,and desired destination.This disclosure of sensitive information makes the existing centralized smart parking systems more vulnerable to service providers’security breaches,single points of failure,and bottlenecks.In this paper,an Improved Asymmetric Consortium Blockchain and Homomorphically Computing Univariate Polynomial-based private information retrieval(IACB-HCUPPIR)scheme is proposed to ensure parking lots’availability with transparency security in a privacy-preserving smart parking system.In specific,an improved Asymmetric Consortium Blockchain is used for achieving secure transactions between different parties interacting in the smart parking environment.It further adopted the method of Homomorphically Computing Univariate Polynomial-based private information retrieval(HCUPPIR)scheme for preserving the location privacy of drivers.The results of IACB-HCUPPIR confirmed better results in terms of minimized computation and communication overload with throughput,latency,and response time with maximized drivers’privacy preservation.Moreover,the proposed fully homomorphic algorithm(FHE)was compared against partial-homomorphic encryption(PHE)and technique without encryption and found that the proposed model has quick communication in allocating the parking slots starting with 24.3 s,whereas PHE starts allocating from 24.7 s and the technique without encryption starts at 27.4 s.Thus,we ensure the proposed model performs well in allocating parking slots with less time and high security with privacy preservation.

BLECA: A Blockchain-Based Lightweight and Efficient Cross-Domain Authentication Scheme for Smart Parks

Smart parks serve as integral components of smart cities,where they play a pivotal role in the process of urban modernization.The demand for cross-domain cooperation among smart devices from various parks has witnessed a significant increase.To ensure secure communication,device identities must undergo authentication.The existing cross-domain authentication schemes face issues such as complex authentication paths and high certificate management costs for devices,making it impractical for resource-constrained devices.This paper proposes a blockchain-based lightweight and efficient cross-domain authentication protocol for smart parks,which simplifies the authentication interaction and requires every device to maintain only one certificate.To enhance cross-domain cooperation flexibility,a comprehensive certificate revocation mechanism is presented,significantly reducing certificate management costs while ensuring efficient and secure identity authentication.When a park needs to revoke access permissions of several cooperative partners,the revocation of numerous cross-domain certificates can be accomplished with a single blockchain write operation.The security analysis and experimental results demonstrate the security and effectiveness of our scheme.

Hierarchical Multi-objective Planning for Integrated Energy Systems in Smart Parks Considering Operational Characteristics

An integrated energy system(IES)is considered to be an important supporting technology for emission reduction because it can effectively improve the efficiency of energy utilization and promote its sustainable development.Considering the uncertainties and operational conditions,this paper establishes a bilevel multi-objective optimization model for IES for the Smart Park from the standpoint of economy,technology and environment.The upper level with one objective reflects the economic cost composed of investment,operating and maintenance,etc.The lower level constructs three objectives,including pollution emission,operation costs and renewable energy utilization.Simultaneously,various equality and inequality constraints are addressed to satisfy the technical requirements.In addition,an improved MOEA/D-MC-DC algorithm(Multi Objective Evolutionary Algorithm through Decomposition Based on Monte Carlo and Decoupled Coding,MOEA/D-MC-DC)is presented for handling the complex and nonlinear bilevel multi-objective optimization problems with constraints.A genetic algorithm(GA)is used to solve the upper single objective,while MOEA is employed to cope with the multi-objectives of the lower level.Using three typical IESs in the Smart Park as examples,several simulations are carried out to verify the efficiency,applicability and universality of the proposed model and optimization algorithm.The results show that the proposed method can effectively optimize the configuration of an IES in various Smart Parks.

Securing Parked Vehicle Assisted Fog Computing With Blockchain and Optimal Smart Contract Design

Vehicular fog computing(VFC)has been envisioned as an important application of fog computing in vehicular networks.Parked vehicles with embedded computation resources could be exploited as a supplement for VFC.They cooperate with fog servers to process offloading requests at the vehicular network edge,leading to a new paradigm called parked vehicle assisted fog computing(PVFC).However,each coin has two sides.There is a follow-up challenging issue in the distributed and trustless computing environment.The centralized computation offloading without tamper-proof audit causes security threats.It could not guard against false-reporting,free-riding behaviors,spoofing attacks and repudiation attacks.Thus,we leverage the blockchain technology to achieve decentralized PVFC.Request posting,workload undertaking,task evaluation and reward assignment are organized and validated automatically through smart contract executions.Network activities in computation offloading become transparent,verifiable and traceable to eliminate security risks.To this end,we introduce network entities and design interactive smart contract operations across them.The optimal smart contract design problem is formulated and solved within the Stackelberg game framework to minimize the total payments for users.Security analysis and extensive numerical results are provided to demonstrate that our scheme has high security and efficiency guarantee.

Intelligent Parking System

The searching of parking burns a lot of barrels of the world’s oil every day. Car parking problem is a major contributor in congestion of traffic and has been, still a major problem with increasing vehicle size in the luxurious segment and also confines parking spaces in urban cities. The rapid growth in the number of vehicles worldwide is intensifying the problem of the lack of parking space. As the global population continues to urbanize, without a well-planned, convenience-driven retreat from the car, these problems will worsen in many countries. The current unmanaged car parks and transportation facilities make it difficult to accommodate the increasing number of vehicles in a proper, convenient manner so it is necessary to have an efficient and smart parking system. Smart parking management systems are capable of providing extreme level of convenience to the drivers. In this paper, a proposed web App system, named “Park Easy” is based on the usage of smart phones, sensors monitoring techniques with a camera which is used as a sensor to take photos to show the occupancy of cars parks. By implementing this system, the utilization of parking spaces will increase. It allocates available parking space to a given driver to park their vehicle, renew the availability of the parking space when the car leaves and compute the charges due. Smart parking App, “Park Easy”, will also enable most important techniques to provide all the possible shortage route for parking from any area of the city mainly, it helps to predict accurately and sense spot/vehicle occupancy in real-time.

Research and Practice of Smart Power Consumption

As a vital part of a smart grid, smart power consumption enables real-time interaction between consumers and the grid. With improved management of the demand side and energy efficiency, smart power consumption plays an important role in emission reduction as well as the economic operation of the power grid. Meanwhile, it enhances the power grid to a larger scale infrastructure by the two-way transmission of energy and information. This paper introduces the research, practice and vision of smart power consumption in China.

智慧停车投建营一体化策略研究

在当前停车供需矛盾突出的背景下,研究具有企业特色的智慧停车项目发展策略,针对智慧停车投资、建设、运营的全生命周期展开研究。在投资阶段通过基于投资成熟度的区域筛选模型,选择确定拟进入的城市投资智慧停车项目。在设计建设阶段通过多因素影响的停车场建设形式的决策,达到社会效益和经济效益的平衡。在运营阶段通过智慧停车系统的绿色低碳运营技术体系,提高运营效益。

基于YOLOV8框架的人员聚集和车辆拥堵检测

智慧园区的出入口、办公大楼进出口等重要部位,会出现车辆拥堵和人员聚集的情况。目前数字视频监控设备无法做到智能化识别和报警,只能靠值班人员和巡逻人员进行人工监控、判断,无法有效、快速处理紧急和突发事件。本文选用YOLOv8目标识别框架技术,采用预训练模型和实际业务结合的工程实践方式,实现监控范围内的车辆和人员的数目识别。平台可以设置报警阈值以实现监控报警、系统联动和警报推送,处理突发和紧急事件,保证园区和办公楼的正常秩序。

Review of Key Technologies and Applications in Intelligent Transportation Systems

The development of Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS)is closely intertwined with the growth of every city,serving as a critical component of smart city construction.This paper provides a concise overview of the concept and overall framework of smart transportation.It emphasizes the application of key technologies,including Traffic Element Identification and Perception,data mining,and Smart Transportation System Integration Technology,in the field.Furthermore,the paper elucidates the current practical applications of smart transportation,showcasing its advancements and implementations in real-world scenarios.

适用于老年人旅游的智能腕带设计——以南山国家公园为例

随着我国人口老龄化程度加深,银发旅游成为热潮,老年人群体对旅游体验的要求也日益提高。因此,提升银发旅游体验的可穿戴设备也成为新宠,智能腕带便是可穿戴设备最为常见的种类之一。如可穿戴设备在迪士尼主题公园已广泛使用,其独特的体验方式可以提升游客旅游的满意度。针对南山国家公园旅游的老年人智能腕带,是以情感化设计理论为基础,对老年人的行为特点进行分析和对可穿戴设备的各种产品功能进行比较后,结合南山国家公园的特点设计而成的,在智能腕带的设计与应用上,更加注重产品的符号表达、用户体验和情感感受。

基于CIM的智慧园区技术探索与落地实践

城市信息模型(CIM)是我国智慧城市建设及城市数字化转型的重要抓手之一。其核心技术主要包括物联感知技术、GIS与新型测绘技术、孪生建模技术、可视化渲染技术、仿真推演技术和交互控制技术等。本文以独角兽岛智慧园区项目为例,探讨CIM技术、物联网技术、大数据技术及可视化渲染技术的交汇与融合应用,设计并建设应用场景支撑产业园区全生命周期的规划、建设、管理、运营以及园区空间价值提升,形成园区、产业、市场和社会的数字化运行理念和方式,并提炼出项目中展现出的特色与亮点,为推动我国智慧园区及智慧城市的建设提供基础支撑和建设经验。

疗愈导向下城市公园儿童空间智慧景观策略研究——以合肥园博园为例

自然缺失症是对城市化进程中儿童与自然关系破裂现象的描述。在2019年末新冠肺炎疫情爆发的国际背景与“双减”政策的国内大环境中,儿童自然及户外体验的缺乏导致其自然缺失症。如何聚焦儿童自然缺失症问题,通过智慧疗愈景观重建儿童与自然之间的关系日趋紧迫。以合肥园博园智慧景观为例,探析疗愈导向下公园儿童空间景观设计特征及其自然教育建构方式对于缓解现代儿童自然缺失症问题具有重要意义,为城市儿童空间传统疗愈景观智慧化提升提供借鉴,通过智慧疗愈景观弥补后疫情时代所带来的消极影响。

融合区块链技术的城市停车困境解决路径探析

以哈尔滨为例分析了城市停车难的原因,结合区块链技术的特点,探讨其与停车大数据相结合,构建“区块链+停车大数据”智能停车系统的可行性,以及亟须解决的关键问题。对建设“区块链技术”智能停车系统提出建议,期望通过构建基于区块链技术的城市停车智能平台,使停车位信息扩大化、共享化,从而解决停车难题,实现智慧停车。

基于服务蓝图理念的智慧公园服务设计研究——以沈阳丁香东湖公园为例

随着人们对智慧公园关注度的不断提高以及国家政策的提出和推行,智慧公园成为智慧城市建设的重要组成部分。智慧公园突破传统的设计理念,创新了设计形式,为公园的建设和发展指明了方向,带来了新的机遇和挑战。然而随着大量智能技术的应用,智慧公园存在的问题也不断显现。文章从服务设计的角度出发,以服务蓝图作为切入点,分析服务蓝图在智慧公园服务设计中应用的优势,提出智慧公园改进的设计策略,并将服务蓝图与设计实践相结合提出新的服务设计,以期为智慧公园实现长远发展提供可行性的方案,使智慧公园在服务设计上更为全面周到。

基于改进YOLOv5的智慧园区人车混杂动态目标检测

在城市安全背景下,人车密集的智慧园区安全问题日益引起关注。实时检测进入园区内的人员、车辆,可以为应急情景下制定园区内人车的合理疏散策略提供重要的数据参考。为解决当前目标检测在应急事件发生时的环境复杂、目标密集、遮挡等导致的精度问题,以及模型计算量导致的快速性问题,提出了一种基于改进轻量级YOLOv5的人车混杂目标检测算法。在原始YOLOv5模型的基础上,将骨干网中的结构空间金字塔池化(spatial pyramid pooling-fast,SPPF)改进为SimSPPF,保持并改善模型实时性。在中尺度层增加一条额外的边,引入通道注意力模块(coordinate attention,CA),使得模型在检测人车混杂的场景中的准确度得到提高。实验结果表明,相较于YOLOv5s,该算法在保持检测速度在142帧/s的同时,精度上提高了2.1%,满足了智慧园区对于人、车混杂动态检测的准确性与实时性需求。

城市级智慧停车管理系统设计与研究

城市级智慧停车管理系统是通过建立城市级停车管理平台,提升停车管理信息化水平,加大对城市车辆及停车资源的管理,提高停车资源的利用,解决停车难、乱停车等问题。文章通过对城市级智慧停车管理系统的研究,介绍了城市级智慧停车管理系统的方案设计、路外停车管理系统设计、路内停车管理系统设计及停车诱导系统设计实现城市静动态交通互通互联,助力智慧城市的建设。

云边端融合的算网架构在智慧园区中的应用研究

随着全社会数字化变革的持续推进,利用云计算、边缘计算、人工智能、大数据、物联网等技术为各类园区赋能,打造新型智慧园区已成为趋势。然而,各类园区普遍占地规模大、入驻单位众多、持续建设周期长,在信息化系统建设领域存在重复建设、“信息孤岛”、网络架构复杂、算力不足且分配不均、缺乏统一算力调度体系等问题。同时,多种高算力需求技术应用越发普遍,算力和网络融合调度不足或成为制约园区数字化转型效果的基石性问题。基于此,从园区算网现状、云边端融合的算网架构、算网融合赋能智慧园区的具体案例等维度研究云边端融合的算网架构在智慧园区中的应用。

科技型智慧园区建设的探索与研究

通过对现有各方对智慧园区定义分析,结合科技型智慧园区的需求分析和类比分析,文章提出了科技型智慧园区的形态定义,阐述了科技型智慧园区建设思路、总体架构及行动计划建议,助力园区智慧化和产业升级。