Effects of Soil Amendment on Growth,Yield and Output of Flue-cured Tobacco in South Anhui Province

[Objective] The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil amend- ment composed of biochar and inorganic mineral material on growth and develop- ment, yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco in South Anhui Province. [Method] A field plot experiment was conducted. The agronomic traits, yield and output value, as well as appearance quality and flavor of flue-cured tobacco were evaluated. [Re- suit] The soil amendments composed of biochars and inorganic mineral materials could significantly increase plant height, stem diameter, leaf size, yield and output of flue-cured tobacco, as well as proportion of first-grade tobacco leaves at the middle and late growth period. The yield in the X3 treatment group （70% T20 ＋ 30% ZC） was highest, and it was higher than that in the control group by 398 kg/hm2. Com- pared with that in the control group, the output of flue-cured tobacco in the X3 treatment group was increased by 10 290 yuan/hm2. In terms of appearance quality and flavor, the flue-cured tobacco leaves in the soil amendment treatment groups were all better than those in the control group. [Conclusion] The application of soil amendment composed of biochar and inorganic mineral material is an effective mea- sure to improve tobacco-growing soil, promote tobacco growth and development, im- prove tobacco yield and output and improve tobacco leaf quality in South Anhui re- gion.

不同脱乙酰度的壳聚糖对降低卷烟焦油和烟碱释放量的作用

在烟支中添加不同剂量、具有不同脱乙酰度的壳聚糖溶液 ,检测卷烟中对应的焦油和烟碱释放量 ,以研究不同脱乙酰度的壳聚糖在降低卷烟烟气中焦油、烟碱释放量方面的作用 ,再对烟支进行评吸 ,从而确定了壳聚糖溶液的最佳添加量 .结果表明 ,烟支中加入 1.0mL脱乙酰度为 90 %的壳聚糖溶液 ,主流烟气中焦油降低 15 .5 % ,烟碱降低 13.8% 。

土壤结构改良剂对皖南烤烟生长发育·产量及产值的影响

[目的]探讨生物质炭与无机矿石材料组合的土壤结构改良剂对皖南烤烟生长发育、产量及产值的影响。[方法]采用田间小区试验,分析烤烟各个生育期的农艺性状、产量与产值,进行外观质量评价和烟气评吸鉴定。[结果]不同生物炭与无机矿石材料组合的改良剂可明显增加烟叶生育中后期的株高、茎粗和叶片大小、增加烟叶产量产值和上等烟叶的比例,其中X3处理(70%T20+30%ZC)增产最多,较对照处理增产398 kg/hm2,产值增加10 290元/hm2。从烟叶的外观质量评价和烟气评吸鉴定来看,所有改良剂处理均优于CK处理。[结论]施用生物炭和无机矿石改良剂是皖南地区改良植烟土壤、促进烟叶生长发育、提高产量和产值、提升烟叶品质的有效措施。

条带深松对皖南旱地烤烟生长发育、SPAD值及经济性状的影响

为探讨条带深松措施对烤烟生长发育、产量及产值的影响,采用田间小区试验,调查烤烟各个生育期的农艺性状、产量与产值,进行烟叶外观质量评价和烟气评吸鉴定。结果表明,条带深松处理可明显增加烟叶发育后期的株高、茎粗、叶片大小和烟根干物质重量;条带深松处理的增产效应不显著,但上等烟比例比对照高5.5个百分点,产值增加2 700元/hm2;从烟叶的外观质量评价和烟气评吸鉴定来看,条带深松处理均优于对照处理,说明条带深松对皖南地区植烟土壤改良、促进烟叶烟根生长发育、提高烟叶产量和产值、提升烟叶品质有着良好效果,该措施有很好的应用前景。

壳聚糖对卷烟烟气中低相对分子质量醛类物质的特殊作用

将不同脱乙酰度、不同粒度大小、不同剂量的壳聚糖加入到卷烟滤棒中 ,运用比色法测定烟气中总挥发性脂肪醛类的含量 ,从而得出壳聚糖对主流烟气中总挥发性脂肪醛类物质的降低效果 .结果表明 :3种不同脱乙酰度的壳聚糖对主流烟气中总挥发性脂肪醛类物质的降低效果都很明显 ,尤其是在保证烟气内在品质的前提下 ,加入 3 0mg粒度为 1 0 0目左右、脱乙酰度为 90 %的壳聚糖 ,主流烟气中总挥发性脂肪醛类物质可降低 5 7.1 % .

烤烟质量评价指标体系研究

在全面检测各等级烟叶主要理化特性指标和烟气特征指标、系统分析各指标间的关系和各指标对烟叶综合质量贡献大小的基础上 ,借鉴国内外专家对烤烟质量的综合评价意见 ,经过反复论证和筛选 ,选取了评价烤烟质量的外观质量指标、内在质量指标、物理特性指标、化学成分指标、安全性指标等关键指标及其适宜范围 ,初步建立了烤烟质量评价指标体系 .该指标体系使烤烟质量评价从定性走向定量 ,为全面、系统、客观。