National Social Investment Programmes in Nigeria:A Descriptive Analysis of the Socio-Economic Contributions of N-Power Programme in Benue State

This study analysed the socio-economic contributions of N-Power programme amongst the beneficiaries of the scheme in Benue State.Prior to the introduction of N-Power programme,successive administrations in Nigeria have made concerted efforts towards improving the standard of living of the citizenry through the execution of various welfare or social intervention programmes,but not much successes were recorded.Learning from the mistakes of the past regimes,and by way of deliberate state policy,the Buhari’s government initiated a multi-pronged social investment policy,one of which is the N-power programme that came onboard in 2016,which also doubles as the subject of this study.To achieve the goal of this study,a combination of desktop research and survey design was employed.Questionnaires were administered to 390 respondents through a combination of stratified and random sampling techniques.The results of the survey were matched with that of the secondary data obtained through online websites and other related sources.The result indicated that N-Power made positive contributions to the socio-economic life of the beneficiaries in Benue State:specifically,the scheme contributed in poverty eradication,employment generation,skills acquisitions and capacity building.However,some aspect of our findings revealed that the programme has a number of challenges such as:inadequate cash support,delay in monthly cash transfer to beneficiaries,distance participants had to move to their work stations,absence of posting in N-Teach scheme,and lack of adequate working tools amongst others.To salvage this problem the paper recommended the following solutions:expansion of the scheme to cover N-Teach and other aspects,increment in the monthly cash transfer to cushion the high rate of inflation,support for the participants/beneficiaries in transportation and logistics,enrolment of more youth into the various schemes,proper monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the schemes amongst others.

Spatial Analysis to Identify Urban Areas with Higher Potential for Social Investment

There has been great interest on the part of public and private initiatives in knowing the location of urban areas with potential for investments in social resources. The aim of the present article is to propose a methodology to identify such areas, using the city of São Paulo (Brazil) as a case study. This approach, supported by The Geographic Information System (GIS), is based on multicriteria analysis and quantification of spatial data. The results, presented spatially in a synthesis map, made possible to identify promissory areas for social investment in São Paulo. The method allows us to analyze data at different spatial scales from the GIS base, enabling a systematization to find out areas with higher potential for investment in social equipment, services and facilities. Furthermore, it gives possibility of modeling several variables, thus being adaptable to different geographic areas.

Problems and Countermeasures of Social Responsibility Investment(SRI)in China in the New Era

Social responsibility investment(SRI)has gradually become a new investment concept in the world.In the context of the new era,SRI has such problems in China such as lack of sufficient policy guarantee,SRI awareness of investors and evaluation awareness of consumers on corporate social responsibility(CSR),and low degree of information disclosure of CSR.This paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve policies,laws and regulations on SRI in China,as well as the information disclosure system of social responsibility.This paper discusses enlightenment of the research progress of foreign SRI to China to promote the further development of SRI in China.

Analyst Investment Recommendations and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure

With the emergence of corporate social responsibility report, more and more listed companies have disclosed social responsibility. Analysts as information intermediaries, how to interpret the corporate social responsibility information？ We analyze the relationship between corporate social responsibility disclosure and analysts investment recommendations.The study found： corporate social responsibility disclosure would affect analysts＇ investment recommendation, the higher the quality of corporate social responsibility disclosure, the higher the rating of analysts investment recommendations.

Venture Capital Syndication under Social Network Theory:Literature Review and Prospect

As an important channel for start-ups to obtain R&D funds and external knowledge and information resources,and as one of the key methods for investment institutions to leverage scale and synergy effects to enhance investment returns,venture capital syndication holds significant research value in the field of venture capital.This paper reviews the literature,summarizing the motivations behind the formation of joint investment networks,the conceptual characteristics of the three core theories of social network theory,and the empirical research on venture capital syndication within the framework of social network theory.It also highlights the existing research results,identifies gaps,and anticipates future research directions.

Forecasting investment and consumption behavior of economic agents through dynamic computable general equilibrium model

Much research has been devoted to examination of the financial easing policy of the European Central Bank(ECB).However,this study is one of the first to use a dynamic micro-founded model to investigate empirically the impact of the ECB’s Quantitative Easing(QE)policy on consumption and investment by economic agents in Italy(households,government,firms,and the rest of the world).For this purpose,we constructed a Financial Social Accounting Matrix(FSAM)for the Italian economy for the year 2009 to calibrate a dynamic computable general equilibrium model(DCGE).This model allowed us to evaluate the direct and indirect impact of money flow on the behavior of consumption and investment.The findings of the study confirmed the positive impact of the ECB’s monetary policy on the level of investment and consumption.

Risk assessment of transnational oil investment in Central Asia using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method

Central Asia(including five countries:Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan,and Tajikistan)is rich in oil reserves and has become one of the most important target regions for global oil investment.The construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt has prompted Central Asia to look outwards for more collaborations in the oil industry.China's need for oil investment in Central Asia has also increased significantly.This research established a comprehensive index system for assessing the risks of transnational oil investment in Central Asia.The system incorporated political,regulatory,economic,social,and infrastructural indices.Based on the Delphi method and fuzzy comprehension evaluation method,we qualitatively and quantitatively assessed and analyzed the risks of transnational oil investment in Central Asia.The results indicate that the risk score for regulatory risk was highest with the value of 6.1670,indicating a high risk level in transnational oil investment,followed by economic,social,political,and infrastructural risk indices.Of the 18 secondary risk indices calculated,there were seven indices with the probability of high risk occurrence exceeded 30.0%and the descending order was as follows:establishment of mining rights;host country intervention in operations;taxing system;stability of regulations;war and turmoil;labor capital;and ethnic,cultural,and religious differences.These seven critical risks should be watched closely and avoided during transnational oil investment in Central Asia.This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential risks of investing oil in Central Asia.The findings demonstrate the causes of these risks and provide a scientific basis for reasonably avoiding oil investment risk and improving investment benefits for both host and investing countries.

Rural Public Investment and Benefit in Sichuan's Hilly and Mountainous Areas

Using representative sampling survey data,we take the case of roads,domestic water,irrigation facilities,clinics and schools,to give an overview of the status quo of rural public investment in Sichuan's hilly and mountainous areas in the period 2005 -2008; conduct comprehensive analysis of public investment benefit,from the status quo of supply and demand,social benefit and villagers' satisfaction. The results show that the social benefit arising from the construction of road projects is good,while the social benefit arising from the construction of irrigation facilities is poor; the matching effect of supply and demand of public investment is poor,especially for the investment in irrigation facilities; on the whole,villagers' satisfaction with public investment has been promoted,but most of the villagers are still unsatisfied with the current irrigation facilities. The major capital source of rural public investment is from the government,but from the perspective of the villagers' demand,we should further increase the public financial input.

The Evolution of Crowdfunding Towards an Impact Investing Logic： The Case of Paulownia Social Project

In the last years, crowdfunding is arising as a widespread financing and fundraising tool, allowing to turn a large audience of customers into investors, individuals who can supply financial capital. Thus, crowdfunding represents a novel mechanism of fundraising embedded in the current fmancial innovation, which operates in order to produce convergent innovations that produce both economic and social outcomes. Studies are mainly aimed to understand which factors led a crowdfunding campaign towards the success. The whole research aims to analyse the new emerging financial tool, known as crowdfunding, with the purpose to understand and explain how it collaborates with the main traditional financial mechanisms used by enterprises. This study leds the author to recognize a new emerging shape for the crowdfunding, a structure which allows to take advantage of the traditional limits of funds of investment. Thus, both the capability to attract a great number of investors and the social content of the project-to-fund represent the push to move the crowd investment towards impact investing. The newness of the topic, the lack of certain and various data, the youth of the analyzed phenomenon, and the explorative nature of the research, pushed the authors to choose a case study approach.

双边投资协定网络的演化机制——基于多维邻近性视角

利用社会网络分析方法考察了双边投资协定(BITs)网络的历史演化特征与驱动机制。研究发现,BITs网络大致经历了初步形成、迅猛发展和结构调整三个阶段,呈现出一个较完整的S型增长,网络核心—半核心—边缘结构实现了由“金字塔”向“橄榄球”的转变。以多维邻近性为视角,运用时间指数随机图模型对BITs网络形成的影响因素进行分析,结果显示,多维邻近性是驱动BITs网络形成的重要力量,经济和制度邻近性对BITs关系的形成有负向影响,贸易水平、地理和社会邻近性对BITs关系的形成有正向影响。然而,2008年金融危机改变了BITs网络的结构特征,金融危机后BITs网络呈现分散化、多边化发展趋势,某些邻近性变量影响不再显著,社会环境类因素成为影响BITs网络的关键因素。

社保费征管与企业投资——基于社会保险法实施的准自然实验

经济下行压力下,稳投资是关系国计民生的重大战略方向。以社会保险法实施为准自然实验,采用双重差分法探究社保费征管对企业投资的影响,研究发现:社保费征管加强显著提升了企业投资,该效应在超额雇佣、行业竞争激烈、外部社保压力大以及由税务部门征收社保费的企业更为明显。机制检验表明,社保费征管加强会通过“要素替代效应”促进企业投资,同时也会产生“现金流约束效应”抑制企业投资,而前者为核心作用机制。进一步研究显示,社会保险法实施后,企业会增加创新投入和债务融资,最终提高了企业绩效和企业价值。

固定资产加速折旧政策与企业环境社会责任表现

环境资源问题可能制约我国经济可持续发展,而税收政策能够调节经济健康发展、引导企业行为。本文以2010—2019年我国A股上市公司为样本,运用交叠双重差分模型检验了固定资产加速折旧政策变革对企业环境社会责任表现的影响。研究发现,固定资产加速折旧政策有效提升了企业环境社会责任表现;作用渠道探索显示,固定资产投资与绿色研发活动是上述影响发挥作用的重要渠道;异质性分析结果显示,固定资产加速折旧政策对于劳动密集型企业、衰退期企业、位于中西部地区企业和污染行业企业环境社会责任表现的提升效果更为明显。本研究对于引导企业参与环保行为、促进环境社会责任表现具有一定的现实意义。

社会责任同群效应对绿色技术创新的溢出效应研究

以沪深A股市场非金融类上市公司为研究样本,运用专家访谈法、回归分析法和内容分析法,研究企业社会责任同群效应对绿色技术创新投资形成的溢出效应。研究结果表明,企业社会责任同群效应对绿色技术创新投资的溢出效应呈“U”型特征;动态能力强化了企业社会责任同群效应对绿色技术创新投资的溢出效应,冗余资源和组织惯性缓解了企业社会责任同群效应对绿色技术创新投资的溢出效应。放松企业决策的独立性假设,将同群效应纳入企业社会责任和绿色技术创新研究框架,实现企业社会责任和绿色技术创新的资源合理配置。

人口高质量发展赋能新质生产力的理论逻辑与现实路径

促进人口高质量发展和培育新质生产力是我国进入新发展阶段、应对新形势的重要战略举措。基于对我国人口发展的宏观形势和趋势分析,文章讨论了人口高质量发展赋能新质生产力的基础条件和风险挑战,提出了以积极社会投资理念保障人口高质量发展、培育新质生产力的政策框架与实现路径。作为生产力的基本要素,人口规模、结构、质量和分布特征及变化趋势直接影响劳动者与其他生产要素的配置关系,对提升全要素生产率、培育先进生产力的影响也不容忽视;促进人的全面发展是塑造现代化人力资源、赋能新质生产力的有效手段,也是促进人口高质量发展、支撑中国式现代化的基础路径;应客观认识人口和生产力发展的辩证关系,加大“投资于人”的力度,补齐社会投资的阶段性短板,完善生育养育教育成本共担机制,充分释放人口质量和空间配置红利。

科技创新新型举国体制下多元投资主体网络关联模式

科技创新新型举国体制是应对错综复杂国际环境和全面建成社会主义现代化强国使命任务的重大制度安排,厘清科技创新新型举国体制的多元投资主体关系对于推动有为政府与有效市场相结合具有重要意义。本文在分析科技创新新型举国体制的制度创新基础上,归纳不同实践场景下多元投资主体的基本格局,利用社会网络分析的网络拓扑结构、中心性、核心边缘分析和密度分析手段,对多元投资主体的网络结构、网络中心度以及网络的整体特征进行研究。结果表明,科技创新新型举国体制能充分调动市场与社会力量,各投资主体之间的信息、资源等流动加快,各投资主体间的联系更加紧密,企业在科技创新新型举国体制中将发挥更重要的作用。

社会投资视角下农村留守儿童社会支持政策的反思与构建

“以儿童为中心”的社会投资战略已成为发达国家社会政策的新趋向。因城镇化巨大的虹吸效应,农村传统差序格局下以血缘、地缘为主的先赋性儿童照料资源日趋消解,农村留守家庭劳动力再生产能力不足,以“农村留守儿童关爱体系”为主要内容的社会政策进入公共政策领域。然而,从社会投资的视角来看,我国农村留守儿童政策尚缺乏“支持家庭”“多元共治”等理念,“事后补缺型”的制度设计难以满足农村留守儿童和家庭的发展性需求,可能会通过降低未来人力资本增加贫困代际传递的风险。要实现“社会救助”向“社会投资”的理念转变,应以提升农村留守儿童及其家庭发展能力为根本,从导致亲子分离的制度根源入手,利用服务供给、时间补偿等“支持家庭”手段,构建政府、家庭、社会等“多中心协同治理”的社会支持体系,为农村留守儿童及其家庭提供普惠性的公共资源,以切断先赋性弱势与“留守事件”的链接机制。

基于政府补贴的供应链绿色投入博弈分析

针对制造商绿色投入不足的问题,构建由政府、制造商和零售商组成的供应链系统。供应链系统的决策过程为由政府、制造商和零售商组成的三阶段Stackelberg博弈。在考虑政府补贴和制造商绿色投入的供应链中,探讨政府补贴对供应链成员利润、制造商绿色投入水平和社会福利水平的影响。结果表明:社会福利是关于补贴率的凹函数,其由增到减的临界点与绿色投入的外部效益系数成正相关。制造商利润是关于产品绿色度的凹函数,其由增到减的临界点与补贴率成正相关。虽然政府补贴可以促使制造商提升产品绿色度并实现供应链系统的帕累托改进,但当政府补贴率超过一定范围时,持续增加政府补贴会对供应链绩效产生负面影响,这一结论为新能源汽车领域的骗补行为给出了理论上的解释。

三方演化博弈视角下乡村旅游投资开发参与主体合作行为策略研究

工商资本参与地方乡村旅游开发将有力推动乡村振兴战略的实施,而投资方与地方基层政府、村集体达成良好的合作是乡村旅游项目开发成功的关键。文章结合乡村旅游项目开发中不同主体的有限理性,建构了工商资本、基层政府和村集体三方演化博弈模型,并以浙江省安吉县HSW村为例进行仿真分析。研究显示:工商资本、地方基层政府、村集体三方演化博弈模型存在4个动态演化路径达到均衡状态,这些路径对应不同主体各自的策略选择;工商资本在进行“独立经营”或“村企合作”的投资模式选择时,对基层政府和村集体的策略选择的反应较快、演化路径较敏感,而基层政府及村集体受其他主体影响较小,因而这两者策略选择时达到稳定状态相对较缓慢,演化路径比较平稳;由于“损失厌恶”心理及信任基础不足,地方基层政府在选择不利于自身短期收益的“积极支持”策略时需要更长时间,在制定有利于自身短期收益的“规范引导”策略时则比较迅速,因此工商资本在开发乡村旅游项目时必须明确投资的长期性和阶段性;乡村旅游项目开发中地方基层政府的支持非常重要,当工商资本选择“独立经营”时受地方基层政府“积极支持”策略的影响较小,而选择“村企合作”策略时受到的影响相对较大,因此工商资本选择投资模式时必须考虑地方对投资模式的倾向性。文章最后从利益均衡、社区融入、风险控制等视角为工商资本顺利进行乡村旅游项目开发提出了建议。

黄河流域城市网络关联格局及影响因素——基于数字经济企业投资视角

基于2010年、2015年和2020年数字经济上市企业投资数据,采用社会网络分析法,分析了基于数字经济企业投资的黄河流域城市网络时空演变特征,并运用QAP模型揭示其影响因素。研究发现:第一,西安、青岛、济南一直是主要投资城市,数字制造业是数字经济企业投资的主要方向。第二,黄河流域城市网络结构显示,整体网络通达度高且稳定,城市间数字经济联系日益紧密;个体网络呈邻近扩散和跳跃扩散模式,高行政级别指向性导致“马太效应”显著;局部网络呈地理空间邻近特征,子群分布由中西部过渡到东部地区,突破“孤岛式”发展,形成“带式”格局。第三,交通密度、创新能力、地理距离、行政关系是驱动黄河流域数字产业发展和布局的主要因素,但存在行业异质性特征。传统区位因素对数字制造业影响较大,容易形成“区位锁定”和“行业锁定”,而数字服务业则倾向于布局在高行政级别聚集地。