The Analysis and Proposed Modifications to ISO/IEC 25030—Software Engineering—Software Quality Requirements and Evaluation—Quality Requirements

The quality of the software product is a crucial factor that contributes to its success. Therefore, it is important to specify the right software quality requirements that will establish the basis for desired quality of the final system/software product. There are several known methodologies/ processes that support the specification of the system/software functional requirements starting from the user needs to finally obtain the system requirements that the developers can implement through their development process. System/software quality requirements are interdependent with functional requirements, which means that the system/software quality requirements are meant to be specified in parallel with the latter. The ISO/IEC 25000 [1] SQuaRE series of standards include the standard ISO/IEC 25030—Software engineering—Software Quality Requirements and Evaluation—Quality requirements [2], which has as main goal to help specify software quality requirements. As to date, this standard does not offer clear and concise steps that a software quality engineer could follow in order to specify them. This article presents modifications recommended for ISO/IEC 25030 standard, with, among the others, a new requirements definition process that allows for specifying the system/software quality requirements taking into account the existing published system and software quality model ISO/IEC 25010 [3] as well as all the stake- holders of the project.

An Approach to Early Prediction of Software Quality

Due to the rapid development of computers and their applications, early software quality prediction in software industry becomes more and more cruciaL Software quality prediction model is very helpful for decision-makings such as the allocation of resource in module verification and validation. Nevertheless, due to the complicated situations of software development process in the early stage, the applicability and accuracy of these models are still under research. In this paper, a software quality prediction model based on a fuzzy neural network is presented, which takes into account both the internal factors and external factors of software. With hybrid-learning algorithm, the proposed model can deal with multiple forms of data as well as incomplete information, which helps identify design errors early and avoid expensive rework.

Software Coupling and Cohesion Model for Measuring the Quality of Software Components

Measuring software quality requires software engineers to understand the system’s quality attributes and their measurements.The quality attribute is a qualitative property;however,the quantitative feature is needed for software measurement,which is not considered during the development of most software systems.Many research studies have investigated different approaches for measuring software quality,but with no practical approaches to quantify and measure quality attributes.This paper proposes a software quality measurement model,based on a software interconnection model,to measure the quality of software components and the overall quality of the software system.Unlike most of the existing approaches,the proposed approach can be applied at the early stages of software development,to different architectural design models,and at different levels of system decomposition.This article introduces a software measurement model that uses a heuristic normalization of the software’s internal quality attributes,i.e.,coupling and cohesion,for software quality measurement.In this model,the quality of a software component is measured based on its internal strength and the coupling it exhibits with other component(s).The proposed model has been experimented with nine software engineering teams that have agreed to participate in the experiment during the development of their different software systems.The experiments have shown that coupling reduces the internal strength of the coupled components by the amount of coupling they exhibit,which degrades their quality and the overall quality of the software system.The introduced model can help in understanding the quality of software design.In addition,it identifies the locations in software design that exhibit unnecessary couplings that degrade the quality of the software systems,which can be eliminated.

HV Process Model of Software Development

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is one of the major ingredients for the development of efficient software systems within a time frame and low-cost involvement. From the literature, it is evident that there are various kinds of process models that are used by the software industries for the development of small, medium and long-term software projects, but many of them do not cover risk management. It is quite obvious that the improper selection of the software development process model leads to failure of the software products as it is time bound activity. In the present work, a new software development process model is proposed which covers the risks at any stage of the development of the software product. The model is named a Hemant-Vipin (HV) process model and may be helpful for the software industries for development of the efficient software products and timely delivery at the end of the client. The efficiency of the HV process model is observed by considering various kinds of factors like requirement clarity, user feedback, change agility, predictability, risk identification, practical implementation, customer satisfaction, incremental development, use of ready-made components, quick design, resource organization and many more and found through a case study that the presented approach covers many of parameters in comparison of the existing process models. .

Improving Software Quality Prediction by Noise Filtering Techniques

Accuracy of machine learners is affected by quality of the data the learners are induced on. In this paper, quality of the training dataset is improved by removing instances detected as noisy by the Partitioning Filter. The fit dataset is first split into subsets, and different base learners are induced on each of these splits. The predictions are combined in such a way that an instance is identified as noisy if it is misclassified by a certain number of base learners. Two versions of the Partitioning Filter are used： Multiple-Partitioning Filter and Iterative-Partitioning Filter. The number of instances removed by the filters is tuned by the voting scheme of the filter and the number of iterations. The primary aim of this study is to compare the predictive performances of the final models built on the filtered and the un-filtered training datasets. A case study of software measurement data of a high assurance software project is performed. It is shown that predictive performances of models built on the filtered fit datasets and evaluated on a noisy test dataset are generally better than those built on the noisy （un-filtered） fit dataset. However, predictive performance based on certain aggressive filters is affected by presence of noise in the evaluation dataset.

A Defect Detection Method for the Primary Stage of Software Development

In the early stage of software development,a software requirements specification(SRS)is essential,and whether the requirements are clear and explicit is the key.However,due to various reasons,there may be a large number of misunderstandings.To generate high-quality software requirements specifications,numerous researchers have developed a variety of ways to improve the quality of SRS.In this paper,we propose a questions extraction method based on SRS elements decomposition,which evaluates the quality of SRS in the form of numerical indicators.The proposed method not only evaluates the quality of SRSs but also helps in the detection of defects,especially the description problem and omission defects in SRSs.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,we conducted a controlled experiment to compare the ability of checklist-based review(CBR)and the proposed method in the SRS review.The CBR is a classicmethod of reviewing SRS defects.After a lot of practice and improvement for a long time,CBR has excellent review ability in improving the quality of software requirements specifications.The experimental results with 40 graduate studentsmajoring in software engineering confirmed the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.However,the shortcomings and deficiencies of the proposed method are also observed through the experiment.Furthermore,the proposed method has been tried out by engineers with practical work experience in software development industry and received good feedback.

The use of mathematics in software quality assurance

The use of mathematics for documenting, in- specting, and testing software is explained and illus- trated. Three measures of software quality are described and discussed. Then three distinct complementary approaches to software quality assurance are presented. A case study, the testing and inspection of a safety-critical system, is discussed in detail.

Study on Military Software Quality

In this paper,a military software quality evaluation(MSQE)system is established first.Following this,some new concepts about military software quality characteristics and its subcharacteristics are defined.Finally, an MSQE method is given by using the AHP method.

ISO25000-Related Metrics for Evaluating the Quality of Complex Information Systems

Evaluating complex information systems necessitates deep contextual knowledge of technology, user needs, and quality. The quality evaluation challenges increase with the system’s complexity, especially when multiple services supported by varied technological modules, are offered. Existing standards for software quality, such as the ISO25000 series, provide a broad framework for evaluation. Broadness offers initial implementation ease albeit, it often lacks specificity to cater to individual system modules. This paper maps 48 data metrics and 175 software metrics on specific system modules while aligning them with ISO standard quality traits. Using the ISO25000 series as a foundation, especially ISO25010 and 25012, this research seeks to augment the applicability of these standards to multi-faceted systems, exemplified by five distinct software modules prevalent in modern information ecosystems.

Software Metric Analysis of Open-Source Business Software

Over the past decade, open-source software use has grown. Today, many companies including Google, Microsoft, Meta, RedHat, MongoDB, and Apache are major participants of open-source contributions. With the increased use of open-source software or integration of open-source software into custom-developed software, the quality of this software component increases in importance. This study examined a sample of open-source applications from GitHub. Static software analytics were conducted, and each application was classified for its risk level. In the analyzed applications, it was found that 90% of the applications were classified as low risk or moderate low risk indicating a high level of quality for open-source applications.

Insights into B2C E-Commerce Quality Using ISO 25010

This paper introduces an innovative Software Quality Assurance framework tailored for B2C e-commerce systems, seamlessly integrating software quality with business objectives. Drawing from elements of the ISO 25000 series and ISO 20000 standards, this framework specifically addresses challenges inherent to e-commerce. By establishing business-relevant KPIs, the framework ensures that ongoing improvement initiatives resonate with the company’s strategic goals. Additionally, the paper presents a Dynamic Bayesian Network model as a hands-on tool for implementing the framework within e-commerce organisations.

The Report of Virtual Exhibition Software Development

The main structure and key techniques of our Virtual Exhibition Software are summarized. It demonstrates the practice of Software Engineering during the development of our project and discusses the use of UML in it.

Software Reliability Assessment Using Hybrid Neuro-Fuzzy Model

Software reliability is the primary concern of software developmentorganizations, and the exponentially increasing demand for reliable softwarerequires modeling techniques to be developed in the present era. Small unnoticeable drifts in the software can culminate into a disaster. Early removal of theseerrors helps the organization improve and enhance the software’s reliability andsave money, time, and effort. Many soft computing techniques are available toget solutions for critical problems but selecting the appropriate technique is abig challenge. This paper proposed an efficient algorithm that can be used forthe prediction of software reliability. The proposed algorithm is implementedusing a hybrid approach named Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System and has also beenapplied to test data. In this work, a comparison among different techniques of softcomputing has been performed. After testing and training the real time data withthe reliability prediction in terms of mean relative error and mean absolute relativeerror as 0.0060 and 0.0121, respectively, the claim has been verified. The resultsclaim that the proposed algorithm predicts attractive outcomes in terms of meanabsolute relative error plus mean relative error compared to the other existingmodels that justify the reliability prediction of the proposed model. Thus, thisnovel technique intends to make this model as simple as possible to improvethe software reliability.

Can We Predict the Change in Code in a Software Product Line Project?

Software programs are always prone to change for several reasons. In a software product line, the change is more often as many software units are carried from one release to another. Also, other new files are added to the reused files. In this work, we explore the possibility of building a model that can predict files with a high chance of experiencing the change from one release to another. Knowing the files that are likely to face a change is vital because it will help to improve the planning, managing resources, and reducing the cost. This also helps to improve the software process, which should lead to better software quality. Also, we explore how different learners perform in this context, and if the learning improves as the software evolved. Predicting change from a release to the next release was successful using logistic regression, J48, and random forest with accuracy and precision scored between 72% to 100%, recall scored between 74% to 100%, and F-score scored between 80% to 100%. We also found that there was no clear evidence regarding if the prediction performance will ever improve as the project evolved.

Software Testing Applications Based on a Virtual Reality System

Software testing is an important part of software engineering and has been more and more popular as the rapid growth of the software products market. Good skills of communication with clients and programmers play a significant role for a tester during the test process. This paper presents some important and basic software testing applications （such as static testing, dynamic testing, black-box testing, white-box testing and their combinations） based on a virtual reality system, named as rocket digital simulation system （RDSS）. Different testing methods are exercised during the software developing lifecycle and finally achieving significant quality improvement.

Arabic Sentiment Analysis of Users’ Opinions of Governmental Mobile Applications

Different types of pandemics that have appeared from time to time have changed many aspects of daily life.Some governments encourage their citizens to use certain applications to help control the spread of disease and to deliver other services during lockdown.The Saudi government has launched several mobile apps to control the pandemic and have made these apps available through Google Play and the app store.A huge number of reviews are written daily by users to express their opinions,which include significant information to improve these applications.The manual processing and extracting of information from users’reviews is an extremely difficult and time-consuming task.Therefore,the use of intelligent methods is necessary to analyse users’reviews and extract issues that can help in improving these apps.This research aims to support the efforts made by the Saudi government for its citizens and residents by analysing the opinions of people in Saudi Arabia that can be found as reviews on Google Play and the app store using sentiment analysis and machine learning methods.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first study to explore users’opinions about governmental apps in Saudi Arabia.The findings of this analysis will help government officers make the right decisions to improve the quality of the provided services and help application developers improve these applications by fixing potential issues that cannot be identified during application testing phases.A new dataset used for this research includes 8000 user reviews gathered from social media,Google Play and the app store.Different methods are applied to the dataset,and the results show that the k nearest neighbourhood(KNN)method generates the highest accuracy compared to other implemented methods.

Comparison between CMM2 & ISO9001

The Capability Maturity Model(CMM) and ISO9001 are probably the two best known and most widely used models for software organization quality assurance and improvement. As they both continue to evolve, each has a series of versions which own new aspects. This paper discusses the similarities and differences between the two models, based on the CMM version 2.0 c and the 1997 release of ISO9001, examines 20 clauses in ISO9001 and maps them to practices in the latest CMM. In the end, their implementations in China are presented.

A Review of Gaps between Usability and Security/Privacy

Different domains of computing systems require higher level of focus towards specific quality factors like privacy, integrity, flexibility, usability etc. Moreover, certain quality factors help in each other’s existence while others oppose each other significantly. Usability of software applications is one factor that reduces security and privacy up to a substantial level. This paper examines the differences between usability factors and aspects related to security and privacy. A clear understanding of gaps between these two opposing factors has been presented in this paper. In addition, an account of efforts carried out to bridge these gaps has also been presented. We have divided these efforts into the categories of guidelines, frameworks and use of technology. The fields of e-banking and social networks have been considered specifically for identification of gaps in these particular fields.

Forecasting technical debt evolution in software systems:an empirical study

Technical debt is considered detrimental to the long-term success of software development,but despite the numerous studies in the literature,there are still many aspects that need to be investigated for a better understanding of it.In particular,the main problems that hinder its complete understanding are the absence of a clear definition and a model for its identification,management,and forecasting.Focusing on forecasting technical debt,there is a growing notion that preventing technical debt build-up allows you to identify and address the riskiest debt items for the project before they can permanently compromise it.However,despite this high relevance,the forecast of technical debt is still little explored.To this end,this study aims to evaluate whether the quality metrics of a software system can be useful for the correct prediction of the technical debt.Therefore,the data related to the quality metrics of 8 different open-source software systems were analyzed and supplied as input to multiple machine learning algorithms to perform the prediction of the technical debt.In addition,several partitions of the initial dataset were evaluated to assess whether prediction performance could be improved by performing a data selection.The results obtained show good forecasting performance and the proposed document provides a useful approach to understanding the overall phenomenon of technical debt for practical purposes.

Cooperative Software Testing and Analysis: Advances and Challenges

In recent years, to maximize the value of software testing and analysis, we have proposed the methodology of cooperative software testing and analysis （in short as cooperative testing and analysis） to enable testing and analysis tools to cooperate with their users （in the form of tool-human cooperation）, and enable one tool to cooperate with another tool （in the form of tool-tool cooperation）. Such cooperations are motivated by the observation that a tool is typically not powerful enough to address complications in testing or analysis of complex real-world software, and the tool user or another tool may be able to help out some problems faced by the tool. To enable tool-human or tool-tool cooperation, effective mechanisms need to be developed 1） for a tool to communicate problems faced by the tool to the tool user or another tool, and 2） for the tool user or another tool to assist the tool to address the problems. Such methodology of cooperative testing and analysis forms a new research frontier on synergistic cooperations between humans and tools along with cooperations between tools and tools. This article presents recent example advances and challenges on cooperative testing and analysis.