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Responses of plant diversity and soil microorganism diversity to nitrogen addition in the desert steppe,China
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作者 YE He HONG Mei +4 位作者 XU Xuehui LIANG Zhiwei JIANG Na TU Nare WU Zhendan 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期447-459,共13页
Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial biodiversity.The impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable attentio... Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial biodiversity.The impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable attention.Soil microorganisms have been proven to provide nutrients for specific plant growth,especially in nutrient-poor desert steppe ecosystems.However,the effects of N deposition on plant-soil microbial community interactions in such ecosystems remain poorly understood.To investigate these effects,we conducted a 6-year N-addition field experiment in a Stipa breviflora Griseb.desert steppe in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.Four N treatment levels(N0,N30,N50,and N100,corresponding to 0,30,50,and 100 kg N/(hm2•a),respectively)were applied to simulate atmospheric N deposition.The results showed that N deposition did not significantly affect the aboveground biomass of desert steppe plants.N deposition did not significantly reduce the alfa-diversity of plant and microbial communities in the desert steppe,and low and mediate N additions(N30 and N50)had a promoting effect on them.The variation pattern of plant Shannon index was consistent with that of the soil bacterial Chao1 index.N deposition significantly affected the beta-diversity of plants and soil bacteria,but did not significantly affect fungal communities.In conclusion,N deposition led to co-evolution between desert steppe plants and soil bacterial communities,while fungal communities exhibited strong stability and did not undergo significant changes.These findings help clarify atmospheric N deposition effects on the ecological health and function of the desert steppe. 展开更多
关键词 soil microorganisms plant-microbial community interaction plant diversity nitrogen deposition desert steppe
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Effects of Slow-release Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Nitrogen Accumulation of Summer Maize in Shajiang Black Soil Area
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作者 Yongfeng XING Changmin WEI +7 位作者 Guoli CHEN Weimeng XU Wanyou SONG Guizhi LI Wenwei ZHOU Yanwei WAN Enzhong ZHOU Weifang LI 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 2024年第2期72-74,共3页
[Objectives] This study was conducted to verify the field application effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on summer maize in Shajiang black soil area by simultaneous sowing and fertilization, and explore the ap... [Objectives] This study was conducted to verify the field application effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on summer maize in Shajiang black soil area by simultaneous sowing and fertilization, and explore the application scope and nitrogen metabolism mechanism, so as to lay a foundation for fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement. [Methods] With maize variety Beiqing 340 and sulfur-coated urea as experimental materials, five nitrogen application levels were set, namely, control (C0), slow-release nitrogen 70 kg/hm^(2) (C70), slow-release nitrogen 140 kg/hm^(2) (C140), slow-release nitrogen 210 kg/hm^(2) (C210) and slow-release nitrogen 280 kg/hm^(2) (C280). The phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were all in accordance with the unified standard. [Results] With the application rate of slow-release nitrogen increasing, the nitrogen accumulation in organs increased first and then decreased after tasseling stage of maize. In order to reduce the fertilizing amount and increase efficiency, 210 kg/hm^(2) of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer was the best fertilizing amount for summer maize in Shajiang black soil area. [Conclusions] This study provides reference for fertilizer reduction, efficiency improvement and sustainable development of summer maize in Shajiang black soil area. 展开更多
关键词 Slow-release nitrogen fertilizer Shajiang black soil Summer maize nitrogen metabolism YIELD
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Impact of Different Rates of Nitrogen Supplementation on Soil PhysicochemicalProperties and Microbial Diversity in Goji Berry
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作者 Xiaojie Liang Wei An +4 位作者 Yuekun Li Yajun Wang Xiaoya Qin Yanhong Cui Shuchai Su 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第3期467-486,共20页
Goji berry(Lycium barbarum L.)is substantially dependent on nitrogen fertilizer application,which can signifi-cantly enhance fruit yield and Goji berry industrial development in Ningxia,China.This study aimed to analyz... Goji berry(Lycium barbarum L.)is substantially dependent on nitrogen fertilizer application,which can signifi-cantly enhance fruit yield and Goji berry industrial development in Ningxia,China.This study aimed to analyze the functions of differential nitrogen application rates including low(N1),medium(N2),and high(N3)levels in soil microbial community structure(bacterial and fungal)at 2 diverse soil depths(0-20,20-40 cm)through high-throughput sequencing technology by targeting 16S RNA gene and ITS1&ITS2 regions.All the observed physicochemical parameters exhibited significant improvement(p<0.05)with increased levels of nitrogen and the highest values for most parameters were observed at N2.However,pH decreased(p<0.05)gradually.The alpha and beta diversity analyses for bacterial and fungal communities’metagenome displayed more similarities than differences among all groups.The top bacterial and fungal phyla and genera suggested no obvious(p>0.05)differences among three group treatments(N1,N2,and N3).Furthermore,the functional enrichment analysis demonstrated significant(p<0.05)enrichment of quorum sensing,cysteine and methionine metabolism,and transcriptional machinery for bacterial communities,while various saprotrophic functional roles for fungal communities.Conclusively,moderately reducing the use of N-supplemented fertilizers is conducive to increasing soil nitrogen utilization rate,which can contribute to sustainable agriculture practices through improved soil quality,and microbial community structure and functions. 展开更多
关键词 Goji berry production Ningxia China differential nitrogen supplementation rates 16S RNA gene and IT1&IT2 region sequencing soil physicochemical properties
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Assessment of Nitrogen Fixation, Uptake, and Leaching in Maize/Soybean Intercropping System at Varied Soil Depths and under Phosphorus Application in Chinese Agricultural Settings
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作者 Bertha Magombo Chunjie Li Benjamin Kolie 《Natural Resources》 2024年第7期173-187,共15页
The study of Nitrogen fixation, uptake, and leaching at different soil depths in the co-cultivation of maize and soybean under phosphorus fertilization is important for sustainable agriculture. This study was conducte... The study of Nitrogen fixation, uptake, and leaching at different soil depths in the co-cultivation of maize and soybean under phosphorus fertilization is important for sustainable agriculture. This study was conducted in Quzhou, Hebei Province, China, with MC812 maize and Jidou12 soybean varieties. Soil samples were taken from each plot to create a composite sample. The results show that nitrogen concentration varies at different depths and is higher in all treatments between 40 and 100 cm. Incorporating intercropping of maize and soybeans into farming practices can lead to more sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture in China. 展开更多
关键词 nitrogen Maize/Soybean FERTILIZATION INTERCROPPING soil FIXATION
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Changes in the activities of key enzymes and the abundance of functional genes involved in nitrogen transformation in rice rhizosphere soil under different aerated conditions 被引量:3
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作者 XU Chun-mei XIAO De-shun +4 位作者 CHEN Song CHU Guang LIU Yuan-hui ZHANG Xiu-fu WANG Dan-ying 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第3期923-934,共12页
Soil microorganisms play important roles in nitrogen transformation. The aim of this study was to characterize changes in the activity of nitrogen transformation enzymes and the abundance of nitrogen function genes in... Soil microorganisms play important roles in nitrogen transformation. The aim of this study was to characterize changes in the activity of nitrogen transformation enzymes and the abundance of nitrogen function genes in rhizosphere soil aerated using three different methods(continuous flooding(CF), continuous flooding and aeration(CFA), and alternate wetting and drying(AWD)). The abundances of amoA ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB), nirS, nirK, and nifH genes, and the activities of urease, protease, ammonia oxidase, nitrate reductase, and nitrite reductase were measured at the tillering(S1), heading(S2), and ripening(S3) stages. We analyzed the relationships of the aforementioned microbial activity indices, in addition to soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC) and soil microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN), with the concentration of soil nitrate and ammonium nitrogen. The abundance of nitrogen function genes and the activities of nitrogen invertase in rice rhizosphere soil were higher at S2 compared with S1 and S3 in all treatments. AWD and CFA increased the abundance of amoA and nifH genes, and the activities of urease, protease, and ammonia oxidase, and decreased the abundance of nirS and nirK genes and the activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase, with the effect of AWD being particularly strong. During the entire growth period, the mean abundances of the AOA amoA, AOB amoA, and nifH genes were 2.9, 5.8, and 3.0 higher in the AWD treatment than in the CF treatment, respectively, and the activities of urease, protease, and ammonia oxidase were 1.1, 0.5, and 0.7 higher in the AWD treatment than in the CF treatment, respectively. The abundances of the nirS and nirK genes, and the activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase were 73.6, 84.8, 10.3 and 36.5% lower in the AWD treatment than in the CF treatment, respectively. The abundances of the AOA amoA, AOB amoA, and nifH genes were significantly and positively correlated with the activities of urease, protease, and ammonia oxidase, and the abundances of the nirS and nirK genes were significantly positively correlated with the activities of nitrate reductase. All the above indicators were positively correlated with soil MBC and MBN. In sum, microbial activity related to nitrogen transformation in rice rhizosphere soil was highest at S2. Aeration can effectively increase the activity of most nitrogen-converting microorganisms and MBN, and thus promote soil nitrogen transformation. 展开更多
关键词 rhizosphere aeration gene abundance enzyme activities soil microbial biomass carbon soil microbial nitrogen
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Effects of long-term grazing exclusion on vegetation structure,soil water holding capacity,carbon and nitrogen sequestration capacity in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau 被引量:2
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作者 YANG Yong-sheng ZHANG Fa-wei +5 位作者 XIE Xian-rong WANG Jun-bang LI Ying-nian HUANG Xiao-tao LI Hui-ting ZHOU Hua-kun 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第3期779-791,共13页
Grazing exclusion is one of the primary management practices used to restore degraded grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau.However,to date,the effects of long-term grazing exclusion measures on the process of restoring d... Grazing exclusion is one of the primary management practices used to restore degraded grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau.However,to date,the effects of long-term grazing exclusion measures on the process of restoring degraded alpine meadows have not been evaluated.In this study,moderately degraded plots,in which the vegetation coverage was approximately 65%and the dominant plant species was Potentilla anserina L,with grazing exclusion for 2 to 23 years,were selected in alpine meadows of Haibei in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Plant coverage,plant height,biomass,soil bulk density,saturated water content,soil organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(TN)were evaluated.The results were as follows:(1)With aboveground biomass and total saturated water content at 0-40 cm depth,the average SOC and TN contents in moderately degraded alpine meadows increased as a power function,and the plant height increased as a log function.(2)The average soil bulk density at 0-40 cm depth first decreased and then increased with increasing grazing exclusion duration,and the minimum value of 0.90 g·cm^(-3) was reached at 15.23 years.The plant coverage,total belowground biomass at 0-40 cm depth,total aboveground and belowground biomass first increased and then decreased,their maximum values(80.49%,2452.92g·m^(-2),2891.06 g·m^(-2))were reached at 9.41,9.46 and 10.25 years,respectively.Long-term grazing exclusion is apparently harmful for the sustainable restoration of degraded alpine meadows.The optimal duration of grazing exclusion for the restoration of moderately degraded alpine meadows was 10 years.This research suggests that moderate disturbance should be allowed in moderately degraded alpine meadows after 10years of grazing exclusion. 展开更多
关键词 Long-term grazing exclusion soil water holdingcapacity soilcarbonand nitrogen sequestration BIOMASS Alpine meadow
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Maize straw application as an interlayer improves organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations in the soil profile: A four-year experiment in a saline soil 被引量:1
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作者 CHANG Fang-di WANG Xi-quan +7 位作者 SONG Jia-shen ZHANG Hong-yuan YU Ru WANG Jing LIU Jian WANG Shang JI Hong-jie LI Yu-yi 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第6期1870-1882,共13页
Soil salinization is a critical environmental issue restricting agricultural production.Deep return of straw to the soil as an interlayer (at 40 cm depth) has been a popular practice to alleviate salt stress.However,t... Soil salinization is a critical environmental issue restricting agricultural production.Deep return of straw to the soil as an interlayer (at 40 cm depth) has been a popular practice to alleviate salt stress.However,the legacy effects of straw added as an interlayer at different rates on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in saline soils still remain inconclusive.Therefore,a four-year (2015–2018) field experiment was conducted with four levels (i.e.,0,6,12and 18 Mg ha~(–1)) of straw returned as an interlayer.Compared with no straw interlayer (CK),straw addition increased SOC concentration by 14–32 and 11–57%in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers,respectively.The increases in soil TN concentration (8–22 and 6–34%in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers,respectively) were lower than that for SOC concentration,which led to increased soil C:N ratio in the 20–60 cm soil depth.Increases in SOC and TN concentrations in the 20–60 cm soil layer with straw addition led to a decrease in stratification ratios (0–20 cm:20–60 cm),which promoted uniform distributions of SOC and TN in the soil profile.Increases in SOC and TN concentrations were associated with soil salinity and moisture regulation and improved sunflower yield.Generally,compared with other treatments,the application of 12 Mg ha~(–1) straw had higher SOC,TN and C:N ratio,and lower soil stratification ratio in the2015–2017 period.The results highlighted that legacy effects of straw application as an interlayer were maintained for at least four years,and demonstrated that deep soil straw application had a great potential for improving subsoil fertility in salt-affected soils. 展开更多
关键词 straw addition INTERLAYER soil organic carbon soil nitrogen C:N ratio saline soil
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Subsoil tillage enhances wheat productivity,soil organic carbon and available nutrient status in dryland fields 被引量:1
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作者 Qiuyan Yan Linjia Wu +6 位作者 Fei Dong Shuangdui Yan Feng Li Yaqin Jia Jiancheng Zhang Ruifu Zhang Xiao Huang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期251-266,共16页
Tillage practices during the fallow period benefit water storage and yield in dryland wheat crops.However,there is currently no clarity on the responses of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),and available nut... Tillage practices during the fallow period benefit water storage and yield in dryland wheat crops.However,there is currently no clarity on the responses of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),and available nutrients to tillage practices within the growing season.This study evaluated the effects of three tillage practices(NT,no tillage;SS,subsoil tillage;DT,deep tillage)over five years on soil physicochemical properties.Soil samples at harvest stage from the fifth year were analyzed to determine the soil aggregate and aggregate-associated C and N fractions.The results indicated that SS and DT improved grain yield,straw biomass and straw carbon return of wheat compared with NT.In contrast to DT and NT,SS favored SOC and TN concentrations and stocks by increasing the soil organic carbon sequestration rate(SOCSR)and soil nitrogen sequestration rate(TNSR)in the 0-40 cm layer.Higher SOC levels under SS and NT were associated with greater aggregate-associated C fractions,while TN was positively associated with soluble organic nitrogen(SON).Compared with DT,the NT and SS treatments improved soil available nutrients in the 0-20 cm layer.These findings suggest that SS is an excellent practice for increasing soil carbon,nitrogen and nutrient availability in dryland wheat fields in North China. 展开更多
关键词 TILLAGE dryland wheat fields soil aggregate size soil nutrients soil carbon and nitrogen fractions
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Response of soil respiration to short-term changes in precipitation and nitrogen addition in a desert steppe
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作者 MA Jinpeng PANG Danbo +4 位作者 HE Wenqiang ZHANG Yaqi WU Mengyao LI Xuebin CHEN Lin 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第9期1084-1106,共23页
Changes in precipitation and nitrogen(N)addition may significantly affect the processes of soil carbon(C)cycle in terrestrial ecosystems,such as soil respiration.However,relatively few studies have investigated the ef... Changes in precipitation and nitrogen(N)addition may significantly affect the processes of soil carbon(C)cycle in terrestrial ecosystems,such as soil respiration.However,relatively few studies have investigated the effects of changes in precipitation and N addition on soil respiration in the upper soil layer in desert steppes.In this study,we conducted a control experiment that involved a field simulation from July 2020 to December 2021 in a desert steppe in Yanchi County,China.Specifically,we measured soil parameters including soil temperature,soil moisture,total nitrogen(TN),soil organic carbon(SOC),soil microbial biomass carbon(SMBC),soil microbial biomass nitrogen(SMBN),and contents of soil microorganisms including bacteria,fungi,actinomyces,and protozoa,and determined the components of soil respiration including soil respiration with litter(RS+L),soil respiration without litter(RS),and litter respiration(RL)under short-term changes in precipitation(control,increased precipitation by 30%,and decreased precipitation by 30%)and N addition(0.0 and 10.0 g/(m^(2)·a))treatments.Our results indicated that short-term changes in precipitation and N addition had substantial positive effects on the contents of TN,SOC,and SMBC,as well as the contents of soil actinomyces and protozoa.In addition,N addition significantly enhanced the rates of RS+L and RS by 4.8%and 8.0%(P<0.05),respectively.The increase in precipitation markedly increased the rates of RS+L and RS by 2.3%(P<0.05)and 5.7%(P<0.001),respectively.The decrease in precipitation significantly increased the rates of RS+L and RS by 12.9%(P<0.05)and 23.4%(P<0.001),respectively.In contrast,short-term changes in precipitation and N addition had no significant effects on RL rate(P>0.05).The mean RL/RS+L value observed under all treatments was 27.63%,which suggested that RL is an important component of soil respiration in the desert steppe ecosystems.The results also showed that short-term changes in precipitation and N addition had significant interactive effects on the rates of RS+L,RS,and RL(P<0.001).In addition,soil temperature was the most important abiotic factor that affected the rates of RS+L,RS,and RL.Results of the correlation analysis demonstrated that the rates of RS+L,RS,and RL were closely related to soil temperature,soil moisture,TN,SOC,and the contents of soil microorganisms,and the structural equation model revealed that SOC and SMBC are the key factors influencing the rates of RS+L,RS,and RL.This study provides further insights into the characteristics of soil C emissions in desert steppe ecosystems in the context of climate change,which can be used as a reference for future related studies. 展开更多
关键词 soil respiration litter respiration nitrogen deposition soil carbon soil microorganisms climate change desert steppe ecosystems
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Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on soil microbial community structure and ecological processes in the farmland of Chinese Loess Plateau
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作者 KOU Zhaoyang LI Chunyue +5 位作者 CHANG Shun MIAO Yu ZHANG Wenting LI Qianxue DANG Tinghui WANG Yi 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第8期960-974,共15页
Microorganisms regulate the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to anthropogenic nutrient inputs.The escalation of anthropogenic activities has resulted in a rise in the primary terrestrial constraining elements,namel... Microorganisms regulate the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to anthropogenic nutrient inputs.The escalation of anthropogenic activities has resulted in a rise in the primary terrestrial constraining elements,namely nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P).Nevertheless,the specific mechanisms governing the influence of soil microbial community structure and ecological processes in ecologically vulnerable and delicate semi-arid loess agroecosystems remain inadequately understood.Therefore,we explored the effects of different N and P additions on soil microbial community structure and its associated ecological processes in the farmland of Chinese Loess Plateau based on a 36-a long-term experiment.Nine fertilization treatments with complete interactions of high,medium,and low N and P gradients were set up.Soil physical and chemical properties,along with the microbial community structure were measured in this study.Additionally,relevant ecological processes such as microbial biomass,respiration,N mineralization,and enzyme activity were quantified.To elucidate the relationships between these variables,we examined correlation-mediated processes using statistical techniques,including redundancy analysis(RDA)and structural equation modeling(SEM).The results showed that the addition of N alone had a detrimental effect on soil microbial biomass,mineralized N accumulation,andβ-1,4-glucosidase activity.Conversely,the addition of P exhibited an opposing effect,leading to positive influences on these soil parameters.The interactive addition of N and P significantly changed the microbial community structure,increasing microbial activity(microbial biomass and soil respiration),but decreasing the accumulation of mineralized N.Among them,N24P12 treatment showed the greatest increase in the soil nutrient content and respiration.N12P12 treatment increased the overall enzyme activity and total phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)content by 70.93%.N and P nutrient contents of the soil dominate the microbial community structure and the corresponding changes in hydrolytic enzymes.Soil microbial biomass,respiration,and overall enzyme activity are driven by mineralized N.Our study provides a theoretical basis for exploring energy conversion processes of soil microbial community and environmental sustainability under long-term N and P additions in semi-arid loess areas. 展开更多
关键词 nitrogen and phosphorus additions microbial community structure farmland ecosystem nitrogen mineralization soil enzyme activity
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Soil water content and nitrogen differentially correlate with multidimensional leaf traits of two temperate broadleaf species
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作者 Ming-Yue Jin Daniel J.Johnson +2 位作者 Guang-Ze Jin Qing-Xi Guo Zhi-Li Liu 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第6期694-701,共8页
The variation and correlation of leaf economics and vein traits are crucial for predicting plant ecological strategies under different environmental changes.However,correlations between these two suites of traits and ... The variation and correlation of leaf economics and vein traits are crucial for predicting plant ecological strategies under different environmental changes.However,correlations between these two suites of traits and abiotic factors such as soil water and nitrogen content remain ambiguous.We measured leaf economics and vein traits as well as soil water and nitrogen content for two different shade-tolerant species(Betula platyphylla and Acer mono)in four mixed broadleaved-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forests along a latitudinal gradient in Northeast China.We found that leaf economics traits and vein traits were decoupled in shade-intolerant species,Betula platphylla,but significantly coupled in a shadetolerant species,A.mono.We found stronger correlations among leaf traits in the shade tolerant species than in the shade intolerant species.Furthermore,leaf economic traits were positively correlated with the soil water gradient for both species,whereas vein traits were positively correlated with soil water gradient for the shade intolerant species but negatively correlated in the shade tolerant species.Although economic traits were positively correlated with soil nitrogen gradient in shade intolerant species but not correlated in shade tolerant species,vein traits were negatively correlated with soil nitrogen gradient in shade tolerant species but not correlated in shade intolerant species.Our study provides evidence for distinct correlations between leaf economics and vein traits and local abiotic factors of species differing in light demands.We recommend that the ecological significance of shade tolerance be considered for species when evaluating ecosystem functions and predicting plant responses to environmental changes. 展开更多
关键词 Leaf trait multidimensionality Economics traits Vein traits soil water content soil total nitrogen Shade tolerance
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The Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Plant and Soil Nitrogen Characteristics and Fruit Growth of Rabbiteye Blueberry Plants in a Semi-Arid Region in China
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作者 Xiaolan Guo Di Zhao +3 位作者 Jinbin Hu Delu Wang Jianbin Wang Muhammad Shakeel 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2023年第1期209-223,共15页
To evaluate the effects of nitrogen(N)and irrigation coupling on the soil N distribution,plant N utilization,and fruit yield of rabbiteye blueberries(Vaccinium virgatum),a field experiment was designed using two facto... To evaluate the effects of nitrogen(N)and irrigation coupling on the soil N distribution,plant N utilization,and fruit yield of rabbiteye blueberries(Vaccinium virgatum),a field experiment was designed using two factors(water and fertilizer application)with four levels of irrigation and three levels of fertilization,and a control.Under the different water and fertilizer combinations,N primarily accumulated in the leaves.Irrigation and N application within appropriate ranges(pure N≤29 g/plant and irrigation volume≤2.5 L/plant)significantly improved the blueberry fruit yield.Increases in water and N within these ranges promoted the effective accumulation of N in various organs and the absorption and utilization of N in the plants,which ultimately promoted blueberry yield.With increased N application rate,the nitrate N content of the 0–20 cm and 20–50 cm soil layers increased.With increased irrigation volume,the nitrate N content of the 0–20 cm soil layer decreased,while the nitrate content in the 20–50 cm soil layer increased.Low N and moderate water treatments resulted in high fruit yields and reduced nitrate N retention in the soil.Under these conditions,the economic input-output ratio was high and the soil N accumulation was low,and thus the economic and ecological benefits were maximized. 展开更多
关键词 Vaccinium virgatum soil nitrogen distribution plant nitrogen utilization fruit yield
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Nitrogen transformation processes in soil along a High Arctic tundra transect
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作者 GUO Mengjie WANG Qing +4 位作者 ZHANG Wanying JIAO Yi SUN Bowen HOU Lijun ZHU Renbin 《Advances in Polar Science》 CSCD 2023年第2期105-124,共20页
Soil nitrogen(N)transformation processes in the High Arctic tundra are poorly understood even though nitrogen is one of the main limiting nutrients.We analyzed soil samples collected along a High Arctic tundra transec... Soil nitrogen(N)transformation processes in the High Arctic tundra are poorly understood even though nitrogen is one of the main limiting nutrients.We analyzed soil samples collected along a High Arctic tundra transect to investigate spatial variability in key nitrogen transformation processes,functional gene abundances,ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)community structures,and key nitrogen transformation regulators.The potential denitrification rates were higher than the nitrification rates in the soil samples,although nitrification may still regulate N2O emissions from tundra soil.The nutrient(total carbon,total organic carbon,total nitrogen,and NH_(4)^(+)-N)contents were important determinants of spatial variability in the potential denitrification rates of soil along the tundra transect.The total sulfurcontent was the main variable controlling potential nitrification processes,probably in association with sulfate-reducing bacteria.The nitrate content was the main variable affecting potential dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium.AOA and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria amoA,nirS,and anammox 16S rRNA genes were found in all of the soil samples.AOA play more important roles than ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in soilnitrification.Anammox bacteria may utilize NO_(2)^(-)produced through nitrification.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the AOA amoA sequences could be grouped into eight unique operational taxonomic units(OTUs)with a 97%sequence similarity and were affiliated with three group 1.1b Nitrososphaeraclusters.The results indicated that heterogeneous environmental factors(e.g.,the carbon and nitrogen contents of soil)along the High Arctic tundra transect strongly affected the nitrogen transformation rate and relevant functional gene abundances in soil. 展开更多
关键词 Arctic tundra soil nitrogen transformation NITRIFICATION DENITRIFICATION functional gene abundance ammonia-oxidizing archaea
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Evaluating the Effects of Aquaculture Wastewater Irrigation with Fertilizer Reduction on Greenhouse Tomato Production,Economic Benefits and Soil Nitrogen Characteristics
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作者 Hang Guo Linxian Liao +4 位作者 Zhenhao Zheng Junzeng Xu Qi Wei Peng Chen Kechun Wang 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2023年第12期3291-3304,共14页
The utilization of aquaculture wastewater as irrigation is an effective way to recycle and reuse water and nitrogen fertilizer resources because it contains numerous nutrients.However,it is still unclear that the patt... The utilization of aquaculture wastewater as irrigation is an effective way to recycle and reuse water and nitrogen fertilizer resources because it contains numerous nutrients.However,it is still unclear that the pattern of substituting aquaculture wastewater irrigation for fertilizer supplementing is conducive to improving the soil nitrogen status,fruit yield and water-fertilizer use efficiency for tomato production.In this context,the experiment was intended to establish the appropriate irrigation regime of aquaculture wastewater in tomato production for freshwater replacement and fertilizer reduction to ensure good yields.Pot experiments were conducted with treatments as farmers accustomed to irrigation and fertilization used as control(CK),1.75 L aquaculture wastewater with base fertilizer(W1),2 L aquaculture wastewater with base fertilizer;and 2.25 L aquaculture wastewater with base fertilizer(W3).We examined the effects of aquaculture wastewater irrigation on soil nitrogen distribution,Nrelated hydrolases,tomato yield,and economic benefits.The results showed that the control treatment had the highest N input,about 24.68%higher than the W3 treatment,while the yield was only about 7.81%higher than W3.This indicated that the overuse of chemical fertilizer was present in the current tomato production.Although the reduction of fertilizer in aquaculture wastewater irrigation caused a decrease in tomato production,this economic loss can be compensated by cost savings in the wastewater disposal.Among aquaculture wastewater treatments,the W3 treatment had the highest overall benefit,achieving 62.63%freshwater savings,37.50%fertilizer input reduction,and an economic return of approximately 19,466 Yuan per hectare higher than the control.Additionally,increasing the irrigation volume of aquaculture wastewater could provide more available nutrients to the soil,which were more prevalent in the form of organic nitrogen.The lower soil nitrate reductase activities(NR)under aquaculture wastewater treatments after harvesting also proved that this pattern was beneficial to reduce soil nitrate nitrogen residues.Overall,the results demonstrate that aquaculture wastewater irrigation alleviates the soil nitrate residues,improves nutrient availability,and results in more economic returns with water and fertilizer conservation for the greenhouse production of tomatoes. 展开更多
关键词 Aquaculture wastewater irrigation fertilizer reduction soil nitrogen residue tomato production
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Effects of Combined Application of Biochar-based Organic Fertilizer and Reduced Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil Enzyme Activity and Yield of Purple Cabbage(Brassica oleracea var.capita rubra)in Yuanmou County
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作者 Ben YANG Xiaoying LI +2 位作者 Yuechao WANG Mengjie CHEN Xiaoqin CHEN 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2023年第2期76-83,共8页
[Objectives]In response to the issue of soil improvement in Yuanmou County,the effects of combined application of biochar-based organic fertilizer and reduced nitrogen fertilizer on soil nutrients,soil enzyme activity... [Objectives]In response to the issue of soil improvement in Yuanmou County,the effects of combined application of biochar-based organic fertilizer and reduced nitrogen fertilizer on soil nutrients,soil enzyme activity,and yield of purple cabbage(Brassica oleracea var.capita rubra)were investigated in the field base of Institute of Thermal Zone Ecological Agriculture,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Yuanmou County.[Methods]A total of 13 treatments were set up by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer at three levels of 15,30 and 45 t/hm^(2)(T_(1),T_(2),T_(3)),combined with top application of nitrogen fertilizer(urea)at four levels:375(N_1),300(N_(2)),225(N_(3))and 0 kg/hm^(2),with non-fertilizing treatment as control check(CK),in order to explore the optimal ratio for the combined application of biochar-based organic fertilizer with nitrogen fertilizer.[Results]The application of biochar-based organic fertilizer could significantly improve soil nutrients,enzyme activity,and purple cabbage yield.The improvement effect of combined application with nitrogen fertilizer was higher than that of single application of biochar-based organic fertilizer,and the improvement effect was enhanced with the application amount of biochar-based organic fertilizer increasing.The contents of organic matter and total nitrogen were the highest in treatment T_(3)N_(3),of which the values increased by 81.39%and 56.09%compared with the CK,respectively.The contents of soil hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium were all the highest under treatment T_(3)N_(2),with increases of 92.76%,171.01%and 235.50%,respectively.There was a significant positive correlation between the activity of soil catalase,urease,and sucrase and organic matter,total nitrogen,and available nutrients.The overall soil enzyme activity was relatively higher in treatment T_(3)N_(2).The yield of purple cabbage treated with biochar-based organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen fertilizer could reach 85750 kg/hm^(2),which was 94.78%higher than that treated with biochar-based organic fertilizer alone.Based on comprehensive analysis,the optimal combination ratio was 45 t/hm^(2)of biochar-based organic fertilizer and 300 kg/hm^(2)of urea(T_(3)N_(2)).[Conclusions]This study provides data support for the promotion of biochar-based organic fertilizers and reduced fertilizer in agricultural soil in the Dam area of Yuanmou County. 展开更多
关键词 soil enzyme activity YIELD Biochar-based organic fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer Purple cabbage
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Distribution Characteristics of Soil Total Nitrogen in Low-efficiency Forest Land in the Northern Windy Desert Area of Jingbian County
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作者 Tingting MENG Yingying SUN +1 位作者 Yan LI Yuhu LUO 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2023年第3期26-29,共4页
[Objectives]The paper was to investigate the distribution characteristics of soil total nitrogen in low-efficiency forest land in the northern windy desert area of Jingbian County.[Methods]The distribution of soil tot... [Objectives]The paper was to investigate the distribution characteristics of soil total nitrogen in low-efficiency forest land in the northern windy desert area of Jingbian County.[Methods]The distribution of soil total nitrogen in the 0-40 cm soil layer of 5 towns in the northern windy desert area of Jingbian County was studied through field sampling and laboratory detection.[Results]The average soil total nitrogen contents of Hongdunjie Town,Haizetan Town,Huanghaojie Town,Ningtiaoliang Town,Dongkeng Town and windy desert area in the 0-20 cm soil layer were 0.259,0.224,0.242,0.248,0.431 and 0.275 g/kg,respectively.The soil total nitrogen content in Dongkeng Town was higher than those in other towns,while there was little difference among other regions.The average total nitrogen contents in the 20-40 cm soil layer were 0.239,0.285,0.113,0.262,0.349 and 0.241 g/kg,respectively.The soil total nitrogen content in Huanghaojie Town was slightly lower than those in other towns,while that in Dongkeng town was higher.The variation coefficient of soil total nitrogen content in the survey area was greater than 30%,and there was great difference in spatial distribution.With the increase of soil depth,there was little change in soil total nitrogen content,namely the soil total nitrogen contents in 5 towns and windy desert area were not statistically different in the 0-40 cm soil layer.According to the nutrient grading standard of the second national soil survey,the soil total nitrogen content in the survey area was in the deficiency grade.[Conclusions]The research will provide a scientific guidance for the healthy and sustainable development of vegetation in arid regions. 展开更多
关键词 Windy desert area Low-efficiency forest land soil total nitrogen
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Nitrogen rhizodeposition from corn and soybean,and its contribution to the subsequent wheat crops
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作者 Sainan Geng Lantao Li +6 位作者 Yuhong Miao Yinjie Zhang Xiaona Yu Duo Zhang Qirui Yang Xiao Zhang Yilun Wang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第7期2446-2457,共12页
Nitrogen(N)is a key factor in the positive response of cereal crops that follow leguminous crops when compared to gramineous crops in rotations,with the nonrecyclable rhizosphere-derived N playing an important role.Ho... Nitrogen(N)is a key factor in the positive response of cereal crops that follow leguminous crops when compared to gramineous crops in rotations,with the nonrecyclable rhizosphere-derived N playing an important role.However,quantitative assessments of differences in the N derived from rhizodeposition(NdfR)between legumes and gramineous crops are lacking,and comparative studies on their contributions to the subsequent cereals are scarce.In this study,we conducted a meta-analysis of NdfR from leguminous and gramineous crops based on 34 observations published worldwide.In addition,pot experiments were conducted to study the differences in the NdfR amounts,distributions and subsequent effects of two major wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-preceding crops,corn(Zea mays L.)and soybean(Glycine max L.),by the cotton wick-labelling method in the main wheat-producing areas of China.The meta-analysis results showed that the NdfR of legumes was significantly greater by 138.93%compared to gramineous crops.In our pot experiment,the NdfR values from corn and soybean were 502.32 and 944.12 mg/pot,respectively,and soybean was also significantly higher than corn,accounting for 76.91 and 84.15%of the total belowground nitrogen of the plants,respectively.Moreover,in different soil particle sizes,NdfR was mainly enriched in the large macro-aggregates(>2 mm),followed by the small macro-aggregates(2–0.25 mm).The amount and proportion of NdfR in the macro-aggregates(>0.25 mm)of soybean were 3.48 and 1.66 times higher than those of corn,respectively,indicating the high utilization potential of soybean NdfR.Regarding the N accumulation of subsequent wheat,the contribution of soybean NdfR to wheat was approximately 3 times that of corn,accounting for 8.37 and 4.04%of the total N uptake of wheat,respectively.In conclusion,soybean NdfR is superior to corn in terms of the quantity and distribution ratio of soil macro-aggregates.In future field production,legume NdfR should be included in the nitrogen pool that can be absorbed and utilized by subsequent crops,and the role and potential of leguminous plants as nitrogen source providers in crop rotation systems should be fully utilized. 展开更多
关键词 crop rotation nitrogen rhizodeposition meta-analysis soil aggregates nitrogen transfer
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The potential for an old-growth forest to store carbon in the topsoil:A case study at Sasso Fratino,Italy
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作者 Tommaso Chiti Nicola Benilli +1 位作者 Giovanni Mastrolonardo Giacomo Certini 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期23-32,共10页
There is considerable interest devoted to oldgrowth forests and their capacity to store carbon(C)in biomass and soil.Inventories of C stocks in old-growth forests are carried out worldwide,although there is a lack of ... There is considerable interest devoted to oldgrowth forests and their capacity to store carbon(C)in biomass and soil.Inventories of C stocks in old-growth forests are carried out worldwide,although there is a lack of information on their actual potential for C sequestration.To further understand this,soil organic carbon(SOC)was measured in one of Italy's best-preserved old-growth forests,the Sasso Fratino Integral Nature Reserve.This reserve is on the World Heritage List along with other ancient beech forests of Europe,and it is virtually untouched due to the steepness of the terrain,even before legal constraints were imposed.Although the sandstone-derived soils are often shallow,they are rich in organic matter.However,no quantification had been carried out.By systematically sampling the topsoil across the forest,we accurately determined the average amount of SOC(62.0±16.9 Mg ha^(–1))and nitrogen(4.0±1.2 Mg ha^(–1))in the top 20 cm.Using the CENTURY model,future dynamics of SOC stocks were predicted to 2050 according to two climate scenarios,A1F1 and B2,the first of high concern and the second more optimistic.The model projected an increase of 0.2 and 0.3 Mg ha^(–1)a^(–1)by 2030 under the A1F1 and B2 scenarios,respectively,suggesting that the topsoil in old-growth forests does not reach equilibrium but continues accumulating SOC.However,from 2030 to 2050,a decline in SOC accumulation is predicted,indicating SOC net loss at high altitudes under the worst-case scenario.This study confirms that soils in oldgrowth forests play a significant role in carbon sequestration.It also suggests that climate change may affect the potential of these forests to store SOC not only in the long term but also in the coming years. 展开更多
关键词 Carbon sequestration CENTURY model Climate change Forest soil soil nitrogen
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Optimized NPK fertilizer recommendations based on topsoil available nutrient criteria for wheat in drylands of China
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作者 Wenjie Yang Jie Yu +9 位作者 Yanhang Li Bingli Jia Longgang Jiang Aijing Yuan Yue Ma Ming Huang Hanbing Cao Jinshan Liu Weihong Qiu Zhaohui Wang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第7期2421-2433,共13页
The optimized management of crop fertilization is very important for improving crop yield and reducing the consumption of chemical fertilizers.Critical nutrient values can be used for evaluating the nutritional status... The optimized management of crop fertilization is very important for improving crop yield and reducing the consumption of chemical fertilizers.Critical nutrient values can be used for evaluating the nutritional status of a crop,and they reflect the nutrient concentrations above which the plant is sufficiently supplied for achieving the maximum potential yield.Based on on-farm surveys of 504 farmers and 60 field experimental sites in the drylands of China,we proposed a recommended fertilization method to determine nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)fertilizer input rates for wheat production,and then validated the method by a field experiment at 66 different sites in northern China.The results showed that wheat grain yield varied from 1.1 to 9.2 t ha^(-1),averaging 4.6 t ha^(-1),and it had a quadratic relationship with the topsoil(0-20 cm)nitrate N and soil available P contents at harvest.However,yield was not correlated with the inputs of N,P,and K fertilizers.Based on the relationship(exponential decay model)between 95–105%of the relative yield and topsoil nitrate N,available P,and available K contents at wheat harvest from 60 field experiments,the topsoil critical nutrient values were determined as 34.6,15.6,and 150 mg kg^(-1)for soil nitrate N,available P,and available K,respectively.Then,based on five groups of relative yield(>125%,115–125%,105–115%,95–105%,and<95%)and the model,the five groups of topsoil critical nutrient levels and fertilization coefficients(Fc)were determined.Finally,we proposed a new method for calculating the recommended fertilizer input rate as:Fr=Gy×Nr×Fc,where Fr is the recommended fertilizer(N/P/K)input rate;Gy is the potential grain yield;Nr is the N(N_(rN)),P(N_(rP)),and K(N_(rK))nutrient requirements for wheat to produce 1,000 kg of grain;and Fc is a coefficient for N(N_c)/P(P_c)/K(K_c)fertilizer.A 2-year validated experiment confirmed that the new method reduced N fertilizer input by 17.5%(38.5 kg N ha^(-1))and P fertilizer input by 43.5%(57.5 kg P_(2)O_(5) ha^(-1))in northern China and did not reduce the wheat yield.This outcome can significantly increase the farmers’benefits(by 7.58%,or 139 US$ha^(-1)).Therefore,this new recommended fertilization method can be used as a tool to guide N,P,and K fertilizer application rates for dryland wheat production. 展开更多
关键词 fertilization method dryland wheat soil nutrient critical value soil nitrogen topsoil nutrients
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Effects of Forest Types on Soil Available Nutrients and Carbon Contents in Coastal Areas,China
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作者 Zirui Chen Jiale Liu Haijun Sun 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第10期2557-2569,共13页
Clarifying the soil nutrient dynamics caused by forest type variations in the coastal region helps scientifically to apply fertilizer to forest plantations and enhance the carbon(C)sink capacity.Pure forests of Ligust... Clarifying the soil nutrient dynamics caused by forest type variations in the coastal region helps scientifically to apply fertilizer to forest plantations and enhance the carbon(C)sink capacity.Pure forests of Ligustrum and Metasequoia,as well as their mixed forests,in a coastal region of China were investigated by collecting 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil samples and analyzing their differences in bulk density,water content,pH,soil organic matter(SOM),ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)-N)and total nitrogen(TN),available phosphorus(AP)and potassium(AK),microbial biomass C(MBC)and N(MBN),and enzyme activity.The results demonstrated that different forest types had no significant(p≥0.05)effect on 0-20 cm soil bulk density,water content,pH,NH_(4)^(+)-N,and SOM.However,the surface soil NO_(3)^(-)-N,TN,AP,and AK contents as well as enzyme activity changed significantly(p<0.05),in which the soil AK content of the ligustrum×metasequoia mixed forest was 47.5%and 65.5%higher than that of the ligustrum and metasequoia pure forest,respectively.The mixed forest soil had the highest MBN content,which was significantly(p<0.05)25.1%higher than that in the pure metasequoia forest.Meanwhile,soil phosphatase activities in ligustrum and metasequoia pure forests were significantly(p<0.05)lower than those in the mixed forests by 17.4%and 43.1%,respectively.However,soil NO_(3)^(-)-N and AP contents in the metasequoia pure forest were significantly(p<0.05)higher than those in the ligustrum pure forest and mixed forests.Soil MBC content and reductase NO_(3)^(-)-N activity were significantly(p<0.05)higher in ligustrum pure forest than in metasequoia pure forest and mixed forests.In addition,the results of two-way ANOVA showed that there were no significant(p≥0.05)differences in nutrient contents(e.g.,NH_(4)^(+)-N,AP,AK,and SOM)in different soil layers(0-20 and 20-40 cm)within the same forest type,except for NO_(3)^(-)-N.However,forest types had a significant(p<0.05)impact on NO_(3)^(-)-N and AP contents in 20-40 cm soil layer.Combining the two factors of forest stand and soil layer,there was a significant(p<0.05)interaction effect for their soil NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(3)^(-)-N,AP,and AK contents.In conclusion,significant(p<0.05)differences were observed in nutrient contents in 0-20 cm soil layer from different forest types,with soil fertility indices inmixed forests generally higher than in pure forests.Therefore,establishing mixed forests in coastal saline region is recommended to retain soil fertility and to enhance the C sink capacity of forestry. 展开更多
关键词 Agroforestry ecosystem mixed forest nitrogen saline-alkali land soil nutrient SOM
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