Semisolid forging electronic packaging shell with silicon carbon-reinforced copper composites

To fabricate electronic packaging shell of coppermatrix composite with characteristics of high ther mal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, semisolid forming technology, and powder metallurgy was combined. Conventional mechanical mixing of Cu and SiC could have insufficient wettability, and a new method of semisolid processing was introduced for billets preparation. The SiC/Cu composites were first prepared by PM, and then, semisolid reheating was performed for the successive semisolid forging. Composite billets with SiC 35 % vol ume fraction were compacted and sintered pressurelessly, microstructure analysis showed that the composites pre pared by PM had high density, and the combination between SiC particles and Cualloy was good. Semisolid reheating was the crucial factor in determining the micro structure and thixotropic property of the billet. An opti mised reheating strategy was proposed： temperature 1,025 ℃and holding time 5 min.

Determination of Triclocarban, Triclosan and Methyl-Triclosan in Environmental Water by Silicon Dioxide/Polystyrene Composite Microspheres Solid-Phase Extraction Combined with HPLC-ESI-MS

This paper developed a sensitive and efficient analytical method for triclocarban (TCC), triclosan (TCS) and Methyl-triclosan (MTCS) determination in environmental water, which involves enrichment by using silicon dioxide/polystyrene composite microspheres solid-phase extraction and detection with HPLC-ESI-MS. The influence of several operational parameters, including the eluant and its volume, the flow rate and acidity of water sample were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the limits of detection were 1.0 ng/L, 2.5 and 4.5 ng/L for TCC, TCS, and MTCS, respectively. The linearity of the method was observed in the range of 5-2000 ng/L, with correlation coefficients (r2) >.99. The spiked recoveries of TCC, TCS and MTCS in water sampleswereachieved in the range of 89.5% -96.8% with RSD below 5.7%. The proposed method has been successfully applied to analyze real water samples and satisfactory results were achieved.

Nanoporous SiO_x coated amorphous silicon anode material with robust mechanical behavior for high-performance rechargeable Li-ion batteries

Silicon is a promising anode material for rechargeable Li-ion battery (LIB) due to its high energy density and relatively low operating voltage. However, silicon based electrodes suffer from rapid capacity degradation during electrochemical cycling. The capacity decay is predominantly caused by (i) cracking due to large volume variations during lithium insertion/extraction and (ii) surface degradation due to excessive solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation. In this work, we demonstrate that coating of a-Si thin film with a Li-active, nanoporous SiOx layer can result in exceptional electrochemical performance in Li-ion battery. The SiOx layer provides improved cracking resistance to the thin film and prevent the active material loss due to excessive SEI formation, benefiting the electrode cycling stability. Half-cell experiments using this anode material show an initial reversible capacity of 2173 mAh g^-1 with an excellent coulombic efficiency of 90.9%. Furthermore, the electrode shows remarkable capacity retention of ~97% after 100 cycles at C/2 charging rate. The proposed anode architecture is free from Liinactive binders and conductive additives and provides mechanical stability during the charge/discharge process.

Separation of primary solid phases from Al-Si alloy melts

The iron-rich solids formed during solidification of Al-Si alloys which are known to be detrimental to the mechanical,physical and chemical properties of the alloys should be removed.On the other hand,Al-Si hypereutectic alloys are used to extract the pure primary silicon which is suitable for photovoltaic cells in the solvent refining process.One of the important issues in iron removal and in solvent refining is the effective separation of the crystallized solids from the Al-Si alloy melts.This paper describes the separation methods of the primary solids from Al-Si alloy melts such as sedimentation,draining,filtration,electromagnetic separation and centrifugal separation,focused on the iron removal and on the separation of silicon in the solvent refining process.

Fabrication of solid-phase-sintered Si C-based composites with short carbon fibers

Solid-phase-sintered Si C-based composites with short carbon fibers（Csf/SSi C） in concentrations ranging from 0 to 10wt% were prepared by pressureless sintering at 2100°C. The phase composition, microstructure, density, and flexural strength of the composites with different Csf contents were investigated. SEM micrographs showed that the Csf distributed in the SSi C matrix homogeneously with some gaps at the fiber/matrix interfaces. The densities of the composites decreased with increasing Csf content. However, the bending strength first increased and then decreased with increasing Csf content, reaching a maximum value of 390 MPa at a Csf content of 5wt%, which was 60 MPa higher than that of SSi C because of the pull-out strengthening mechanism. Notably, Csf was graphitized and damaged during the sintering process because of the high temperature and reaction with boron derived from the sintering additive B4C; this graphitization degraded the fiber strengthening effect.

Improvement in mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu alloys through sonosolidified slurry

For the wider applications,it is necessary to improve the ductility as well as the strength and wear-resistance of hypereutectic AlSi-Cu alloys,which are typical light-weight wear-resistant materials.An increase in the amounts of primary silicon particles causes the modified wear-resistance of hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu alloys,but leads to the poor strength and ductility.It is known that dual phase steels composed of hetero-structure have succeeded in bringing contradictory mechanical properties of high strength and ductility concurrently.In order to apply the idea of hetero-structure to hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu alloys for the achievement of high strength and ductility along with wear resistance,ultrasonic irradiation of the molten metal during the solidification,which is called sono-solidification,was carried out from its molten state to just above the eutectic temperature.The sono-solidified Al-17Si-4Cu alloy is composed of hetero-structure,which are,hard primary silicon particles,soft non-equilibrium a-Al phase and the eutectic region.Rheo-casting was performed at just above the eutectic temperature with sono-solidified slurry to shape a disk specimen.After the rheo-casting with modified sonosolidified slurry held for 45 s at 570 oC,the quantitative optical microscope observation exhibits that the microstructure is composed of 18area%of hard primary silicon particles and 57area%of soft a-Al phase.In contrast,there exist only 5 area%of primary silicon particles and no a-Al phase in rheo-cast specimen with normally solidified slurry.Hence the tensile tests of T6 treated rheo-cast specimens with modified sono-solidified slurry exhibit improved strength and 5%of elongation,regardless of having more than 3 times higher amounts of primary silicon particles compared to that of rheo-cast specimen with normally solidified slurry.

Researches on the Structure and Properties of Mullite Solid Solution Made from Industrial Waste

The waste slag from aluminum profile factory and silicon fine powder from ferroalloy factory were utilized as the main raw materials to synthesize mullite solid solution Al4＋2xSi2-xO10-x/2, whose defect formation mechanism, crystalline phase composition, crystal cell parameters, microstructures and morphologies were characterized in detail by XRD and SEM. The results show that because of the ultrafine particle size of the materials, the content of mullite solid solution synthesized by this method is higher than that by regular method. Keywords： waste slag from aluminum factory, silicon fine powder, mullite, solid solution

SOLID REACTION BETWEEN PRESSLESS SINTERED Si_3N_4 SUBSTRATE AND Ti-DEPOSITED FILM

The chemical reaction at solid state between the pressless sintered Si_3N_4 substrate and Ti-de- posited film has been studied by X-ray diffraction analysis.The reaction all depends upon the temperature.It seems no reaction below 973 K:Ti_2N and Ti_5Si_3 form from 1073 to 1123 K: TiN and Ti_5Si_3 form at 1173 K,TiN and Ti_5Si_4 form at 1273 K;while the titanium film di- minishes completely.The lattice parameter of Si_3N_4 is unchanging thrioughout postannealing. This implies that the Ti atoms never dissolve into the Si_2N_4 lattice.

Monodisperse ZnO Solid Spheres by an Assisted Structure Directing Agent-Hydrothermal Method

Monodisperse ZnO solid spheres nanostructures were synthesized and deposited on Si (100) silicon substrates by the hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA)-assisted hydrothermal method at high temperature (200°C). In this case the HMTA is used as structure directing agent (SDA) to growth of the ZnO solid spheres. The source material used was zinc nitrate hexahydrate under a chemical reaction of hydrolysis-condensation of the Zn2+ salt aqueous solution. The structure and morphology of the ZnO solid spheres were studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Furthermore, the photoluminescence (PL) of the ZnO solid spheres was measured to optical characterization of the product. The remarkable influence of the HMTA as structure directing agent and the reaction temperature to the formation of the solid spheres nanostructures is demonstrated.

ECAP变形及半固态等温处理对Al-25%Si合金组织和性能的影响

对铸态Al-25%Si合金进行等通道转角挤压(ECAP),并结合半固态等温处理技术,研究了ECAP挤压及半固态等温处理工艺参数对合金微观组织和室温拉伸性能的影响。利用光学显微镜观察分析微观组织,拉伸试验机测试室温拉伸性能,以及扫描电子显微镜分析断口形貌。研究结果表明,ECAP变形能够有效地细化Al-25%Si合金中的初生硅相,其平均直径由铸态的117.9μm降至31.9μm,同时形状因子也由0.12提升至0.40。ECAP后的常温力学性能也得到明显提升,其抗拉强度也由铸态的96 MPa提升至200 MPa,伸长率由1.04%提升至3.25%。在半固态加热过程中,初生硅的形状因子随等温温度的提升和时间的延长呈先增后降的趋势。在590℃保温10min,其形状因子最高为0.62。

直写成型用碳化硅浆料及其流变性能研究

碳化硅(SiC)凭借高强度、轻质性以及耐高温性能等优势已成为时下应用最广泛的陶瓷材料之一。传统的制备方法生产周期长、成本高且难以制造相对复杂结构的陶瓷。本文利用直写成型方法制备三维复杂结构的SiC陶瓷,研究分散剂含量、pH值、固相体积分数和增稠剂等因素对SiC浆料流变性能的影响,制备可打印的SiC浆料并直写成型,获得SiC的三维点阵结构。结果表明:调节分散剂含量能使浆料黏度获得最低值;pH值影响分散剂的解离度进而改变浆料的黏度;固相体积分数越高,打印结构完整性越好;添加甲基纤维素(MC)可增加浆料的黏度和剪切弹性模量,使其可打印。优化的SiC浆料配方为:分散剂聚丙烯酸(PAA)质量分数为0.01%,固相体积分数为63%和MC质量分数为0.04%,pH>10。

G105硅橡胶老化性能试验研究

目的建立橡胶老化特性指标与老化时间的动力学方程,对不同预压缩量下硅橡胶密封组件的贮存寿命进行预估,探究不同预压缩量和温度对硅橡胶密封组件老化性能的影响。方法以不同预压缩量和温度为变量,选取压缩永久变形为老化指标,对硅橡胶试样进行热氧老化试验。依据试验数据,建立老化反应速率常数与温度的回归方程,研究不同温度和不同预压缩量对橡胶老化反应速率的影响,建立压缩永久变形和老化时间的动力学方程,对不同预压缩量下的橡胶贮存寿命进行预估。结果建立了硅橡胶贮存寿命预测的老化动力学方程,对硅橡胶在不同预压缩量下的贮存寿命进行了预估。预压缩量由12%增加到45%时,硅橡胶密封组件贮存寿命由24.8 a下降到14.2 a。结论预压缩量对橡胶老化性能具有显著影响作用,在实际使用时应选择合理的预压缩量。

锂离子电池硅基负极电解液添加剂研究进展:挑战与展望

随着新能源和动力系统应用的日益成熟,锂离子电池在未来必将发挥越来越重要的作用,高比能电池已经成为当前研究的热点,并不断提出更高的性能要求。具有超高理论能量密度的硅材料被认为是缓解电动汽车行业里程焦虑的新一代负极材料,预示着未来几年将是硅基负极锂离子电池产业化应用的黄金时期。然而,硅在脱/嵌锂过程中会反复收缩膨胀(体积变化率约为300%),致使负极材料粉化、脱落,进而失去电接触,造成负极材料的失活;其次,循环过程中不断的体积变化会对其表面固体电解质界面层造成持续不断的破坏,因此难以形成稳定的固体电解质中间相(SEI)膜,这导致大量活性锂和电解液的消耗,最终导致容量快速衰减。本综述旨在从电解液添加剂在SEI形成和修饰、Lewis碱中和、溶剂化调控等作用机理角度对硅基负极界面恶化方面所面临的挑战进行分析,并重点介绍硅基负极电解液添加剂的最新成果。此外,通过对氟、硅烷、酰胺、氰酸酯等官能团构效关系方面的深入讨论和比较,本综述还深入研究了电解液添加剂的设计问题,以激发读者的新思路和新想法,协助读者识别或者设计合成适用于硅基负极的电解液添加剂,为高比能电池的发展铺平道路。

固溶处理对铸造Al-Si合金相选择再结晶的影响

相选择再结晶在Al-Si合金中基于应变分配原理实现对软相进行再结晶、硬相进行回复从而球化硅相和细化铝相。相选择再结晶处理后合金呈现出高的加工硬化率和伸长率。固溶处理是实现铝合金强韧化的重要环节,与相选择再结晶互相影响。一方面,初始组织对相选择再结晶的应变分配有一定影响;另一方面铝合金固溶过程会影响析出强化作用。因此,本文探究铸造Al-7Si-0.65Mg合金固溶过程中共晶硅相的形貌对相选择再结晶的影响,结合时效析出实现合金的强韧化。结果表明,0.5 h短时间固溶处理可以保持相选择再结晶合金中清晰且不分散的共晶硅颗粒骨架状结构,同时增加基体中Si和Mg含量促进强化相Mg2Si析出,使合金屈服强度达到300 MPa,断后伸长率为9.5%,显著优于传统T6态。

基于常通型SiC JFET器件的中低压直流固态断路器研究综述

直流固态断路器(SSCB)作为直流配电网中关键的故障保护装置,是快速无弧隔离短路、过电流故障的重要手段。随着宽禁带半导体材料技术的飞速发展,常通型碳化硅(SiC)结型场效应晶体管(JFET)因其具有通态损耗低、零电压开通等优点,已成为SSCB主开关应用的理想器件之一。该文主要论述了直流SSCB的发展现状,针对国内外提出的基于常通型SiC JFET器件的SSCB拓扑结构进行归纳总结。在此基础上,详细论述基于常通型SiC JFET器件的单向、双向低压SSCB在过载、短路保护方面的研究现状及串联、并联型中压SSCB的拓扑结构、工作原理及应用特点,讨论了可应用于SSCB的缓冲电路及其性能特点。最后,展望了基于常通型SiC JFET器件的中低压直流SSCB发展前景。

寄生参数对基于常通型SiC JFET器件的中压直流固态断路器过电压的影响及抑制方法

研究了寄生电感对基于常通型碳化硅(silicon carbide,SiC)结型场效应晶体管(junction field effect transistor,JFET)串联结构的中压直流固态断路器(solid state circuit breaker,SSCB)过电压的影响,并在此基础上提出了一种SSCB的过电压抑制方法。首先介绍了基于常通型SiC JFET器件串联结构的SSCB拓扑及工作原理,建立了考虑完整回路寄生电感的SiC JFET串联结构开关过程的数学模型。其次利用MATLAB软件对数学模型进行解析计算,揭示了SSCB开关过程中寄生电感对SiC JFET器件串联运行时过电压的影响机理,并利用PSPICE仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性。最后设计了一种适用于SSCB过电压抑制的单栅极驱动及缓冲电路,并通过SSCB实验样机验证了所提方法的有效性。

自体耳甲腔软骨移植联合固体硅胶假体植入在隆鼻术中的临床观察

目的探讨自体耳甲腔软骨移植联合固体硅胶假体植入在隆鼻术中的临床效果。方法选取2021年1月至2023年12月于平顶山市艺美医疗美容医院美容外科进行隆鼻术的72例患者,根据治疗方法不同分为两组,每组36例。观察组采用自体耳甲腔软骨移植联合固体硅胶假体植入隆鼻术治疗,对照组采用固体硅胶假体植入隆鼻术治疗。比较两组鼻部外观测量参数、满意度及并发症。结果两组患者术后鼻长度、鼻尖突出度长于术前,鼻唇角及鼻尖后旋角小于术前,鼻尖角大于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者术后鼻长度、鼻尖突出度、鼻唇角、鼻尖角及鼻尖后旋角比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者满意度高于对照组,并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论隆鼻术中采用单纯固体硅胶假体植入与自体耳甲腔软骨移植联合固体硅胶假体植入均可改善鼻部外形,但自体耳甲腔软骨移植联合固体硅胶假体植入可减少并发症的发生,提高患者满意度。

一例未知含硅物料固体废物属性鉴别研究

硅物料固体废物种类繁多,给固体废物属性鉴别带来了困扰。本文以某未知含硅样品为研究对象,进行了物相结构、成分含量、粒度分布和微观形貌等理化特性分析,综合样品的外观及硅物料生产加工工艺,分析样品的可能来源,确定样品是来自或者掺杂了工业硅生产硅粉中回收的粉尘,属于固体废物。建立了进口粉末类含硅物料的固体废物属性鉴别方法,为进口固体废物监管提供技术支撑。

光固化工艺参数对氮化硅陶瓷成型性能的影响

光固化工艺参数是影响光固化成型质量的重要因素。本文重点讨论了光固化工艺参数中的曝光时间、脱脂参数对光固化Si3N4陶瓷成型性能的影响。实验表明:当固相含量为45vol.%、曝光时间为10 s时,成型出单层固化精度为IT7级的氮化硅坯体。低温脱脂时,当脱脂速率为0.1℃/min时,获得无裂纹的试样坯体。

利用工业固废煅烧制备天然水硬性石灰的实验及应用研究

天然水硬性石灰(NHL)兼具气硬性和水硬性成分,被广泛应用于历史建筑砌体墙墙面的修复。工业固废含有一定的Ca、Si元素,满足制备NHL的矿物元素要求。本研究以石灰石、矿渣、粉煤灰和硅灰为原材料,控制不同的钙硅比参数煅烧制备NHL。利用XRD、TG、抗压抗折试验、SEM-EDS、维卡仪等测试了NHL的成分、产物的组成、微观形貌、力学性能、凝结时间等,并开展工程应用。结果表明:工业固废煅烧制备NHL具有可行性,所制得NHL主要由氢氧化钙和硅酸二钙组成,28 d水化碳化产物包括水化硅酸钙、CaCO_(3)和Ca(OH)_(2)。钙硅比为4.6时可以制备出符合欧洲标准的NHL2,对砖石风化表面的修复结果满足可逆性与兼容性要求。本文响应了国家对历史建筑遗迹保护和生态环境保护的号召,有助于创造更好的经济效益与环境效益。