[Objectives]To study the antibacterial effects of extracts from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles.[Methods]In this experiment,the components from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles were extracted by systematic solvent extracti...[Objectives]To study the antibacterial effects of extracts from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles.[Methods]In this experiment,the components from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles were extracted by systematic solvent extraction method,and the antibacterial activity against four common bacteria,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis,Aspergillus flavus and the antibacterial active component were examined for by punch method.[Results]Different solvent extraction rate was different,the rates of petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,water extracts were 4.2%,16.7%,17.4%,21.1%,40.6%.All extracts showed inhibitory effect against test bacteria.It was observed that the inhibition of G+was stronger than G-,and the extracts had the best antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus while the weakest to Aspergillus flavus.The antibacterial activity of the components decreased in the order:ethyl acetate extract>n-butanol extract>chloroform extract>petroleum ether extract>aqueous phase.The extracts were stable under ultraviolet radiation(UV)light and long term storage.The antibacterial activity of the extracts was weaker with the increase of pH value when the pH value≤8.[Conclusions]It is inferred that the antibacterial components in the extract of Pinus massoniana needles are widely distributed,and the components with medium polarity or above are the main antibacterial components.展开更多
Extraction of proteins from pine needles for proteomic analysis has long been a challenge for scientists. We compared three different protein extraction methods including sucrose, Tris-HCl and trichloroacetic acid （...Extraction of proteins from pine needles for proteomic analysis has long been a challenge for scientists. We compared three different protein extraction methods including sucrose, Tris-HCl and trichloroacetic acid （TCA）/acetone （TCA method） to determine their efficiency in separating pine needle proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） and two-dimensional PAGE （2D-PAGE）. Proteins were then separated by SDS-PAGE. Among three methods the method using sucrose extraction buffer showed the highest efficiency and highest quality in separating proteins. In addition, clearer and more stable strips were detected by SDS-PAGE using sucrose extraction buffer. When the proteins extracted using sucrose extraction buffer were separated by 2D-PAGE, more than 300 protein spots, with isoelectric points （PI） ranging from 4.0 to 7,0 and molecular weights （MW） from 6.5 to 97.4 kD, were observed. This confirmed that the method with sucrose extraction buffer was an efficient and reliable method for extracting proteins from pine needles.展开更多
Needle chlorosis(NC)in Pinus taeda L.systems in Brazil becomes more frequent after second and third harvest rotation cycles.In a study to identify factors contributing to yellowing needle chorosis(YNC),trees were grow...Needle chlorosis(NC)in Pinus taeda L.systems in Brazil becomes more frequent after second and third harvest rotation cycles.In a study to identify factors contributing to yellowing needle chorosis(YNC),trees were grown in soils originating from contrasting parent materials,and soils and needles(whole,green and chlorotic portions)from 1-and 2-year-old branches and the first and second needle flush release at four sites with YNC on P.taeda were analyzed for various elements and properties.All soils had very low base levels(Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)and K^(+))and P,suggesting a possible lack of multiple elements.YNC symptoms started at needle tips,then extended toward the needle base with time.First flush needles had longer portions with YNC than second flush needles did.Needles from the lower crown also had more symptoms along their length than those higher in the canopy.Symptoms were similar to those reported for Mg.In chlorotic portions,Mg and Ca concentrations were well below critical values;in particular,Mg levels were only one third of the critical value of 0.3 g kg^(-1).Collectively,results suggest that Mg deficiency is the primary reason for NC of P.taeda in various parent soils in Brazil.展开更多
[Objective] Taking Pinus sylvestris needles as materials, a set of test con-ditions suitable for the preparation of paraffin sections of Pinus sylvestris needles was determined. [Method] Based on the traditional metho...[Objective] Taking Pinus sylvestris needles as materials, a set of test con-ditions suitable for the preparation of paraffin sections of Pinus sylvestris needles was determined. [Method] Based on the traditional method for paraffin sections preparation, steps including fixation, dehydration, adhering to slides and staining were investigated taking the structural characteristics of pine needles into considera-tion. [Result] 70% ethanol was used in the FAA fixative; before affixed on slides, the cut sections were first expanded in a 40 ℃ water bath and taken out by using Su-perfrost Plus slides, fol owed by drying in a 35 ℃ oven for 24 h; pine needles were cut into 8 μm thick sections; staining was achieved by immersion in eosin for 5 min and in hematoxylin for 1 min. [Conclusion] The conditions obtained above can en-hance the effect of fixation and dehydration; adhering to slides is easy to operate and the sections are not easy to drop; the dyeing effect is relatively preferable.展开更多
The chloropyll Contents of healthy tree’s’ needles and rusted tree’s needles were measured. The results showed that one-year-old needles in different infection grade had no big differences in the chlorophyll conten...The chloropyll Contents of healthy tree’s’ needles and rusted tree’s needles were measured. The results showed that one-year-old needles in different infection grade had no big differences in the chlorophyll contents. The total chlorophyll contents of two-year-old needles in grad III-IV showed an increasing tendency, while it decreased grade V. The total chlorophyll contens of 3year-old needles in different infection-grades declined with the increase of infection grades. The total chlorophyll content of healthy needles shows an increasing tendency in infection grade II andIV,Which corresponds to the change taldency of two-year-old needles.展开更多
The research aimed to study the effects of pine needle on immunity and serum cholesterol of chickens. Totally 240 healthy Roman cocks （one day old） were randomly divided into four groups, three replicates each group...The research aimed to study the effects of pine needle on immunity and serum cholesterol of chickens. Totally 240 healthy Roman cocks （one day old） were randomly divided into four groups, three replicates each group and 20 chickens per replicate. The chickens in contrel group were fed with basal diet and nor- real drinking water; the chickens in groups I and II were fed with the basal diet added with 0.5 and 1.0 g/ehieken pine needle powder, respectively; the chickens in group HI were fed with pine needle decoction at the dose of 0.5 g/chicken. The pre-trial lasted 4 d, and the former trial lasted 70 d. The results showed that the percentages of CD3＋ CD4 ＋ T lymphocytes in groups I, II and III were higher than that in control group at the 15th day after the first immunization, but the percenta- ges in groups 1 and II were lower than that in control group at the 30th , 45th and 60th days, and the percentage in group III was lower than that in control group at the 45th day. The percentages of CD3＋ CD8 ＋ T lymphocytes in groups I, II and III were higher than that in control group at the 15th, 30th and 45th days after the first immunization, but the percentages in groups I and III were lower than that in control group at the 60th day. At the 14th and 21st days after the first immunization, the levels of NDV antibody in groups I and II were lower than that in control group, but the levels at the 28th and 35th days were higher than that in control group. The level of NDV antibody in group III was higher than that in control group at the 14th and 21st days while it was lower at the 7th and 35th days. The levels of serum total cholesterol and trigtyceride in groups I, II and III had lower trend compared with control group, and the levels of serum triglyceride in groups I and II were significantly lower than that in control group and group III （P 〈0.05 ）. The levels of serum low density lipoprotein in groups II and III were lower than that in control group, while the level of serum high density lipoprotein in group II was higher than that in control group, but there were no significant differences （P 〉 0.05 ）. In conclusion, pine needle has many functions as follows ： promoting the proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes, improving the content of CD3＋CD4 ＋ and CD3 ＋ CD8＋ lymphocyte, collaborating with vaecine to enhance the specific immune, and reducing the serum cholesterol level in different degrees.展开更多
Pine needle-based products are popular dietary supplements in East Asia for health promotion. Pine needle extract (PNE) are especially known as potential anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic agents. We report a case o...Pine needle-based products are popular dietary supplements in East Asia for health promotion. Pine needle extract (PNE) are especially known as potential anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic agents. We report a case of profound, long-lasting unexplained hypotension during and after anesthesia in a patient treated with PNE. Bedside transthorasic echocardiography (TTE) was used as a part of useful diagnostic modality.展开更多
基金Supported by Zhanjiang Non-funded Science and Technology Research Plan in 2023(2023B01023)School-level Education and Teaching Reform Project of Lingnan Normal University in 2022(LingShiJiaoWu2022154).
文摘[Objectives]To study the antibacterial effects of extracts from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles.[Methods]In this experiment,the components from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles were extracted by systematic solvent extraction method,and the antibacterial activity against four common bacteria,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis,Aspergillus flavus and the antibacterial active component were examined for by punch method.[Results]Different solvent extraction rate was different,the rates of petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,water extracts were 4.2%,16.7%,17.4%,21.1%,40.6%.All extracts showed inhibitory effect against test bacteria.It was observed that the inhibition of G+was stronger than G-,and the extracts had the best antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus while the weakest to Aspergillus flavus.The antibacterial activity of the components decreased in the order:ethyl acetate extract>n-butanol extract>chloroform extract>petroleum ether extract>aqueous phase.The extracts were stable under ultraviolet radiation(UV)light and long term storage.The antibacterial activity of the extracts was weaker with the increase of pH value when the pH value≤8.[Conclusions]It is inferred that the antibacterial components in the extract of Pinus massoniana needles are widely distributed,and the components with medium polarity or above are the main antibacterial components.
文摘Extraction of proteins from pine needles for proteomic analysis has long been a challenge for scientists. We compared three different protein extraction methods including sucrose, Tris-HCl and trichloroacetic acid （TCA）/acetone （TCA method） to determine their efficiency in separating pine needle proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） and two-dimensional PAGE （2D-PAGE）. Proteins were then separated by SDS-PAGE. Among three methods the method using sucrose extraction buffer showed the highest efficiency and highest quality in separating proteins. In addition, clearer and more stable strips were detected by SDS-PAGE using sucrose extraction buffer. When the proteins extracted using sucrose extraction buffer were separated by 2D-PAGE, more than 300 protein spots, with isoelectric points （PI） ranging from 4.0 to 7,0 and molecular weights （MW） from 6.5 to 97.4 kD, were observed. This confirmed that the method with sucrose extraction buffer was an efficient and reliable method for extracting proteins from pine needles.
基金the National council for scientific and technological development(CNPq)and Higher Education Personnel Improvement Coordination(CAPES)。
文摘Needle chlorosis(NC)in Pinus taeda L.systems in Brazil becomes more frequent after second and third harvest rotation cycles.In a study to identify factors contributing to yellowing needle chorosis(YNC),trees were grown in soils originating from contrasting parent materials,and soils and needles(whole,green and chlorotic portions)from 1-and 2-year-old branches and the first and second needle flush release at four sites with YNC on P.taeda were analyzed for various elements and properties.All soils had very low base levels(Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)and K^(+))and P,suggesting a possible lack of multiple elements.YNC symptoms started at needle tips,then extended toward the needle base with time.First flush needles had longer portions with YNC than second flush needles did.Needles from the lower crown also had more symptoms along their length than those higher in the canopy.Symptoms were similar to those reported for Mg.In chlorotic portions,Mg and Ca concentrations were well below critical values;in particular,Mg levels were only one third of the critical value of 0.3 g kg^(-1).Collectively,results suggest that Mg deficiency is the primary reason for NC of P.taeda in various parent soils in Brazil.
基金the framework of the China-Greece joint research andtechnology programmes 2000-2002(Project title:‘Investigation on the characteristics of forest fires in the early stage andits control technique National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 50346038 , 50320120156,the China NK-BRSF project(No.2001CB409600)the Anhui Ex-cellent Youth Scientist Fundation(2001-2002),and the National Key Technologies R&D Programme(2001BA510B09-03).
基金Supported by the 2012 Innovation and Business Start-up Training Program for the National College Students of Jilin Agricultural University(2012093025)~~
文摘[Objective] Taking Pinus sylvestris needles as materials, a set of test con-ditions suitable for the preparation of paraffin sections of Pinus sylvestris needles was determined. [Method] Based on the traditional method for paraffin sections preparation, steps including fixation, dehydration, adhering to slides and staining were investigated taking the structural characteristics of pine needles into considera-tion. [Result] 70% ethanol was used in the FAA fixative; before affixed on slides, the cut sections were first expanded in a 40 ℃ water bath and taken out by using Su-perfrost Plus slides, fol owed by drying in a 35 ℃ oven for 24 h; pine needles were cut into 8 μm thick sections; staining was achieved by immersion in eosin for 5 min and in hematoxylin for 1 min. [Conclusion] The conditions obtained above can en-hance the effect of fixation and dehydration; adhering to slides is easy to operate and the sections are not easy to drop; the dyeing effect is relatively preferable.
文摘The chloropyll Contents of healthy tree’s’ needles and rusted tree’s needles were measured. The results showed that one-year-old needles in different infection grade had no big differences in the chlorophyll contents. The total chlorophyll contents of two-year-old needles in grad III-IV showed an increasing tendency, while it decreased grade V. The total chlorophyll contens of 3year-old needles in different infection-grades declined with the increase of infection grades. The total chlorophyll content of healthy needles shows an increasing tendency in infection grade II andIV,Which corresponds to the change taldency of two-year-old needles.
基金Supported by Major Science and Technology Project in Henan Province(111100110300)Innovative Talents Projects in Universities and Colleges in Henan Province(2012HASTIT008)
文摘The research aimed to study the effects of pine needle on immunity and serum cholesterol of chickens. Totally 240 healthy Roman cocks （one day old） were randomly divided into four groups, three replicates each group and 20 chickens per replicate. The chickens in contrel group were fed with basal diet and nor- real drinking water; the chickens in groups I and II were fed with the basal diet added with 0.5 and 1.0 g/ehieken pine needle powder, respectively; the chickens in group HI were fed with pine needle decoction at the dose of 0.5 g/chicken. The pre-trial lasted 4 d, and the former trial lasted 70 d. The results showed that the percentages of CD3＋ CD4 ＋ T lymphocytes in groups I, II and III were higher than that in control group at the 15th day after the first immunization, but the percenta- ges in groups 1 and II were lower than that in control group at the 30th , 45th and 60th days, and the percentage in group III was lower than that in control group at the 45th day. The percentages of CD3＋ CD8 ＋ T lymphocytes in groups I, II and III were higher than that in control group at the 15th, 30th and 45th days after the first immunization, but the percentages in groups I and III were lower than that in control group at the 60th day. At the 14th and 21st days after the first immunization, the levels of NDV antibody in groups I and II were lower than that in control group, but the levels at the 28th and 35th days were higher than that in control group. The level of NDV antibody in group III was higher than that in control group at the 14th and 21st days while it was lower at the 7th and 35th days. The levels of serum total cholesterol and trigtyceride in groups I, II and III had lower trend compared with control group, and the levels of serum triglyceride in groups I and II were significantly lower than that in control group and group III （P 〈0.05 ）. The levels of serum low density lipoprotein in groups II and III were lower than that in control group, while the level of serum high density lipoprotein in group II was higher than that in control group, but there were no significant differences （P 〉 0.05 ）. In conclusion, pine needle has many functions as follows ： promoting the proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes, improving the content of CD3＋CD4 ＋ and CD3 ＋ CD8＋ lymphocyte, collaborating with vaecine to enhance the specific immune, and reducing the serum cholesterol level in different degrees.
文摘Pine needle-based products are popular dietary supplements in East Asia for health promotion. Pine needle extract (PNE) are especially known as potential anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic agents. We report a case of profound, long-lasting unexplained hypotension during and after anesthesia in a patient treated with PNE. Bedside transthorasic echocardiography (TTE) was used as a part of useful diagnostic modality.
