The Dutch have been the world tallest since the 1980s but plateaued in height for the past few decades. A century and a half ago, young men at 20 in the Netherlands were 165 cm in mean height, as tall as men in France...The Dutch have been the world tallest since the 1980s but plateaued in height for the past few decades. A century and a half ago, young men at 20 in the Netherlands were 165 cm in mean height, as tall as men in France and Portugal. They grew to 178 cm, as tall as Norwegian in 1960</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> and 183 cm in mean height in the 1990s and levelled off. It is most likely that the Dutch may have nearly attained genetic potential as a human being. </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">The </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">statue is a net measure that captures the supply of inputs to health. Based on the changes in <i>per capita</i> supply of protein from animal products, FAOSTAT, the Dutch seem <span>to have reached the highest level in <i>per capita</i> supply of animal protein.</span> In<span>creases in </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">supply of protein, however, do not result in increasing human</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> height, if consumption of other “essential nutrients” is insufficient (Blum, 2013;Mori, 2018)</span></span></span><span><span><span>[1][2]</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">. With the close case studies of Japan and South Korea in respect of food consumption specifically by children in growing ages, the author sus<span>pects that children in the Netherlands may have been insufficient in </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">supply <span>of vegetables, “essential nutrients” on the top of animal products.展开更多
Figs (Moracea: Ficus) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chlocloids: Agaonideae) depend on each other to complete their reproduction. Monoecious fig species and their pollinating wasps are in conflict over the use of fig ov...Figs (Moracea: Ficus) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chlocloids: Agaonideae) depend on each other to complete their reproduction. Monoecious fig species and their pollinating wasps are in conflict over the use of fig ovaries which can either produce one seed or one wasp. From observation on Ficus virens Ait., we showed that female flowers with outer layer of ovaries (near to the wall of syconium) had no significant difference from that with inner and interval layer of ovaries (near to the syconium cavity), in which most seeds and wasps were produced. This meant that fig tree provided the same potential resource for seed and wasps production. Observation indicated that there was usually only one foundress in syconium at female flower phase and no com- petition pollinators. Measurement of the style length of female flowers and the ovipositor of pollinators indicated that most ovaries could be reached by pollinator’s ovipositor. However, at the male flower phase, production of seeds was significantly more than that of wasps including non-pollinating wasps but there was no significant difference between seed and pollinating wasp production when without non-pollinating wasps produced. This result indicated that non-pollinating wasps competed ovaries not with seeds but with pollinating wasps for ovipositing. Bagged experiment showed that the sampling fig species was not self-sterile which was important for figs and wasps to survive bad season. Seed production in self-pollinated figs was not significantly different from total wasps in- cluding non-pollinating ones. This might be related with the weaker competition among wasps since bagged figs were not easy to reach by wasps from outside.展开更多
deployment of the THAAD system in South Korea imposed by the United States is superficially and nominally to target at the DPRK's nuclear and missile threats,but essentially to respond to the rising China and Russ...deployment of the THAAD system in South Korea imposed by the United States is superficially and nominally to target at the DPRK's nuclear and missile threats,but essentially to respond to the rising China and Russia,is further tied South Korea to the U.S.war chariot and is a dose of poison undermining the Northeast Asian environment for the mutual benefit,mutual trust and win-win cooperation as well as development and stability.展开更多
文摘The Dutch have been the world tallest since the 1980s but plateaued in height for the past few decades. A century and a half ago, young men at 20 in the Netherlands were 165 cm in mean height, as tall as men in France and Portugal. They grew to 178 cm, as tall as Norwegian in 1960</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> and 183 cm in mean height in the 1990s and levelled off. It is most likely that the Dutch may have nearly attained genetic potential as a human being. </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">The </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">statue is a net measure that captures the supply of inputs to health. Based on the changes in <i>per capita</i> supply of protein from animal products, FAOSTAT, the Dutch seem <span>to have reached the highest level in <i>per capita</i> supply of animal protein.</span> In<span>creases in </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">supply of protein, however, do not result in increasing human</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> height, if consumption of other “essential nutrients” is insufficient (Blum, 2013;Mori, 2018)</span></span></span><span><span><span>[1][2]</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">. With the close case studies of Japan and South Korea in respect of food consumption specifically by children in growing ages, the author sus<span>pects that children in the Netherlands may have been insufficient in </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">supply <span>of vegetables, “essential nutrients” on the top of animal products.
基金Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Research Program,Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-SW-105)
文摘Figs (Moracea: Ficus) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chlocloids: Agaonideae) depend on each other to complete their reproduction. Monoecious fig species and their pollinating wasps are in conflict over the use of fig ovaries which can either produce one seed or one wasp. From observation on Ficus virens Ait., we showed that female flowers with outer layer of ovaries (near to the wall of syconium) had no significant difference from that with inner and interval layer of ovaries (near to the syconium cavity), in which most seeds and wasps were produced. This meant that fig tree provided the same potential resource for seed and wasps production. Observation indicated that there was usually only one foundress in syconium at female flower phase and no com- petition pollinators. Measurement of the style length of female flowers and the ovipositor of pollinators indicated that most ovaries could be reached by pollinator’s ovipositor. However, at the male flower phase, production of seeds was significantly more than that of wasps including non-pollinating wasps but there was no significant difference between seed and pollinating wasp production when without non-pollinating wasps produced. This result indicated that non-pollinating wasps competed ovaries not with seeds but with pollinating wasps for ovipositing. Bagged experiment showed that the sampling fig species was not self-sterile which was important for figs and wasps to survive bad season. Seed production in self-pollinated figs was not significantly different from total wasps in- cluding non-pollinating ones. This might be related with the weaker competition among wasps since bagged figs were not easy to reach by wasps from outside.
文摘deployment of the THAAD system in South Korea imposed by the United States is superficially and nominally to target at the DPRK's nuclear and missile threats,but essentially to respond to the rising China and Russia,is further tied South Korea to the U.S.war chariot and is a dose of poison undermining the Northeast Asian environment for the mutual benefit,mutual trust and win-win cooperation as well as development and stability.