Plate tectonic control on the formation and tectonic migration of Cenozoic basins in northern margin of the South China Sea

The tectonic evolution history of the South China Sea(SCS) is important for understanding the interaction between the Pacific Tectonic Domain and the Tethyan Tectonic Domain,as well as the regional tectonics and geodynamics during the multi-plate convergence in the Cenozoic.Several Cenozoic basins formed in the northern margin of the SCS,which preserve the sedimentary tectonic records of the opening of the SCS.Due to the spatial non-uniformity among different basins,a systematic study on the various basins in the northern margin of the SCS constituting the Northern Cenozoic Basin Group(NCBG) is essential.Here we present results from a detailed evaluation of the spatial-temporal migration of the boundary faults and primary unconformities to unravel the mechanism of formation of the NCBG.The NCBG is composed of the Beibu Gulf Basin(BBGB),Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB),Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB) and Taixinan Basin(TXNB).Based on seismic profiles and gravity-magnetic anomalies,we confirm that the NE-striking onshore boundary faults propagated into the northern margin of the SCS.Combining the fault slip rate,fault combination and a comparison of the unconformities in different basins,we identify NE-striking rift composed of two-stage rifting events in the NCBG:an early-stage rifting(from the Paleocene to the Early Oligocene) and a late-stage rifting(from the Late Eocene to the beginning of the Miocene).Spatially only the late-stage faults occurs in the western part of the NCBG(the BBGB,the QDNB and the western PRMB),but the early-stage rifting is distributed in the whole NCBG.Temporally,the early-stage rifting can be subdivided into three phases which show an eastward migration,resulting in the same trend of the primary unconformities and peak faulting within the NCBG.The late-stage rifting is subdivided into two phases,which took place simultaneously in different basins.The first and second phase of the early-stage rifting is related to back-arc extension of the Pacific subduction retreat system.The third phase of the earlystage rifting resulted from the joint effect of slab-pull force due to southward subduction of the proto-SCS and the back-arc extension of the Pacific subduction retreat system.In addition,the first phase of the late-stage faulting corresponds with the combined effect of the post-collision extension along the Red River Fault and slab-pull force of the proto-SCS subduction.The second phase of the late-stage faulting fits well with the sinistral faulting of the Red River Fault in response to the Indochina Block escape tectonics and the slab-pull force of the proto-SCS.

对新元古代湘桂海盆及邻区构造属性的探讨

新元古代的湘桂海盆夹持在中上扬子陆块的东南缘与华夏地块群之间,是古华南洋与下扬子陆块俯冲碰撞后在西南方向的残留海。东段古华南洋俯冲的地质记录发生在860～1034Ma间,为绍兴-江山-萍乡碰撞带,形成江南岛弧造山带;西段古华南洋与上扬子陆块俯冲的构造地质记录,推测在湖南的新化-城步至广西的三江一带,时间为850～820Ma,形成雪峰-四堡岛弧造山带,但无陆陆碰撞的记录。东、西两段构造活动有近1亿年至数十百万年的时间差,为湘桂海盆在停止扩张的洋底上提供了发育的空间,并转为弧前-深海盆地。由萍乡向南西方向至湖南茶陵-郴州为一结合带,西侧的沉积物属扬子沉积构造域和湘桂海盆,沉积了细屑浊积岩和硅泥质岩;东侧为华夏沉积构造域,包括赣、闽和粤北,充填了与热活动有关细碧岩、含铁石英岩和火山碎屑沉积岩;郴州至贺县间,有一东-西向的古南岭裂陷海与之相连,是分隔云开地块、粤东南地块与罗霄-武夷地块的深海槽。在早古生代构造旋回中,湘桂海盆、古南岭海槽以及华夏沉积构造域,分别转为不同构造走向的湘桂加里东褶皱带和华南加里东造山带。

月球的全球构造格架初探

长期以来,最初依据月表反照率建立的月陆、月海二分法一直主导着人们对于月球构造格架的基本认识,然而自20世纪末以来的各种月球探测数据均表明,南极艾肯盆地作为月球上最大的撞击盆地不仅占据了月表很大的面积,而且有不同于月陆和月海的性质及演化过程.本文通过综合研究月球典型的地球物理、地球化学以及地形特征,初步确定了月球的全球构造格架是一个既有横向表面延伸又有纵向深部延伸的三元结构,包含三个月球大地构造单元,分别是主要覆盖正面风暴洋及周围月海盆地区域的月海构造域、主要覆盖背面高地的月陆构造域以及位于南极艾肯盆地的南极艾肯盆地构造域.

认识创新推动南海东部海域油气勘探不断取得突破——南海东部海域近年主要勘探进展回顾

南海东部海域是中国近海重要的油气产区之一。近年来随着勘探程度加深与勘探难度加大,加之国际原油价格大幅下跌导致勘探投入减少,如何寻找优质替代储量与保持油气高产稳产,成为该区域勘探的当务之急。2014年以来,南海东部海域转变勘探思路,拆离断层控盆新认识推动了深水区首次获得亿立方米级原油发现,晚期构造活动控制浅层油气成藏新认识指引了新区勘探突破,富洼找优、差异勘探古近系新思路指导了西江、陆丰凹陷钻探获得成功,累计新发现油气三级地质储量超过2×10~8 m^3油当量,为南海东部海域油气持续稳产高产奠定了扎实的物质基础。南海东部海域中长期勘探应遵循"油气并举、价值勘探"的部署原则,继续坚持围绕富烃洼陷和生产设施展开勘探,继续坚持富洼找优、差异勘探古近系,继续坚持以价值为主导开展深水区大中型油气田勘探,继续坚持以认识创新与技术发展推动地层岩性新领域勘探获得重大突破。