Planting Performance of Pennisetum purpureum Schumab cv.Purple in the Southern Region of China

[Objective] The present experiment was conducted to investigate the yield,adaptability and quality characteristics of Pennisetum purpureum Schumach cv. Purple to provide reference for the certification and development of new varieties.[Method] With P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple as experimental material, the variety comparison tests were conducted in Nanning, Lingyun, and Tiandeng in Guangxi from 2007 to 2009, and variety regional trials were conducted in Danzhou of Hainan, Fuzhou of Fujian and Zhanjiang of Guangdong from 2011 to 2013. Its comprehensive characters of plant height, hay yield, stem-leaf ratio and nutritional components were determined, and were compared with those of P. purpureum × P.americanum cv. Reyan No.4 and P. purpureum Schum cv. Guiminyin. [Result] The average height of P. purpureum Schumach cv. Purple was 706.54 cm, which was5.92% and 8.44% lower than that of P. purpureum × P. americanum cv. Reyan No.4 and P. purpureum Schum cv. Guiminyin, respectively. The average hay yield of P. purpureum Schumach cv. Purple was 32.74 t/ha in Nanning, Lingyun, and Tiandeng of Guangxi from 2007 to 2009, and 22.41 t/ha in Danzhou of Hainan, Fuzhou of Fujian and Zhanjiang of Guangdong from 2011 to 2013. Although its hay yield was lower than two control varieties, the difference was not significant（P 0.05）.The stem-leaf ratio of P. purpureum Schumach cv. Purple was 0.98：1. Moreover,the analysis on the nutritional components of dry matter showed that compared with P. purpureum × P. americanum cv. Reyan No.4 and P. purpureum Schum cv.Guiminvin, the crude fiber of P. purpureum Schumab cv. Purple was decreased by4.76% and 2.78%, respectively; the neutral detergent fiber decreased by 5.07% and2.22%, respectively; the acid detergent fiber was decreased by 2.54% and 1.99%,respectively; the crude fat was increased by 64.29% and 43.75%, respectively; the calcium content was increased by 28.00% and 33.33%, respectively; the phosphorus content was increased by 9.68% and 22.73%, respectively; the total content of amino acid was increased by 43.23% and 68.41%, respectively; the anthocyanin content of leaf was increased by 400.00% and 216.90%, respectively（P 0.05）.[Conclusion] P. purpureum Schumach cv. Purple is a new high-quality forage variety with wide adaptability, high yield, rich nutrient and good palatability, which is appropriate for comprehensive exploitation and application in the southern region of China.

The Strength of Training and Applied Research on Specialized Sociology to Contribute to the Social Science Development(Case Study in the Southern Region of Vietnam)

With the common trend of integration and accelerated industrialization-modernization,especially in the context of the current Industrial Revolution 4.0,the South is one of the areas where there are situations and requirements especially for training and research in social sciences in general,sociology in particular.Because,the issue is not only to contribute to the early recovery of the―human resource valley‖(specializing in the South West),facilitating the rapid development of human resources for―investment policy‖and early implementation of the―zoning,planning‖but also by many other economic,social,and cultural issues of the whole region…All have been asked to promote the training and applied research in sociology,especially in specialized sociology to contribute to the linking and promoting the active role of the social sciences with strategic issues and strategies related to the practical development of this land both in the immediate future and in the long run.

Characteristics of Garden Culture in Southern Region of the Five Ridges

Geographical conditions, humanistic environment and garden development history in the southern region of the Five Ridges (or Lingnan, "Ling" means "ridge", "nan" means "south") were introduced in this study, and characteristics of garden culture in this region were analyzed.

Re-Os Isotopic Dating of a W-Be Polymetallic Deposit in the Southern Qinling Region, China

Objective In recent years, a series of tungsten prospecting breakthroughs have been made in the southern Qinling Mountains. Especially, a new deposit type with a scheelite -beryl-molybdenite assemblage in the Zhen＇an area of Shaanxi Province was firstly discovered. This deposit is currently in a detailed investigation stage, and no detailed study has been yet conducted. This work selected one molybdenite sample from the Be （W） ores in this deposit for Re-Os isotope measurements to define the time limit of tungsten and beryllium mineralization, and to further reveal the ore-forming geological setting of rare metals in the southern Qinling region.

Climate-Driven Changes in Lake Areas for the Last Half Century in the Valley of Lakes, Govi Region, Southern Mongolia

This study presents the changes in lake areas in the Valley of Lakes, the Govi region, southern Mongolia. The recent changes in lake areas show decreases depending on vulnerability of lake basins and response of Govi landscape to the present climatic warming. During the recent 44 - 45 years (from 1970 to 2014 or 2015), modern lakes have encountered the present rapid increase in temperature, water evaporation and drying up that induced the reduction in lake areas in the Valley of Lakes. The finding of the reduction in lake areas is consistent with the trends on increasing in temperature since 1995 and fluctuating precipitation since 1975. Investigations with detailed chronology of lake sediment are needed from the lakes to review a more complete evolution of lake basins during the Late Quaternary paleoclimatic history in Mongolia and Central Asia.

A comparison of the management models of protected areas between China and the southern Africa region

A comparison of the management models of protected areas between China and the African south region allows reading and evaluating the similarities and differences in the use of management model as a management tool for protected areas and specifi- cally some positive and negative features of the management approaches in these two regions. Previous to this study it verified the designation of protected areas as increasing at a faster rate than ever before, comparatively much faster now in China than southern Africa regions. With the aim of evaluating similarities and differences in the use of management model as a management tool for pro- tected areas in China and southern Africa Region, both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Qualitative data were mainly from policy documents, scientific articles and magazine reports, whereas quantitative （secondary data） statistical data from Interna- tional Union for Conservation of Nature Resources （IUCN） and World Database on Protected Areas （WDPA）. In view of the data sources above, the study found that in China all the protected areas are state owned whilst in southern Africa regions there are some protected areas that are privately owned; also that the models or typology of governance applied are successful for the fact that they both combine co-management or collaborative management, community-conserved areas and private protected areas that are subject to greater success and can help design planning and management than those who use exclusively government management. To this, the study concluded that the use of management model is influenced by the type of governance a country applies to its reserved areas.

Distribution characteristics of sea surface temperature along the southern coastal region of Zhejiang Province

The SST temporal and spatial distribution in the southern coast of Zhejiang is presented as the result of statistical analysis based on the observation data of 51 years from Dachen, kanmen and Nanji gauge stations. It shows that the overall SST along the coast is higher in the southern part and lower in the northern part, and the discrepancy between south and north parts becomes smallest in winter and largest in summer. Along the southern coast of Zhejiang, SST as a whole generally has a uptrend at rising the rate of 0.017 ℃/ a in last 51 years. In addition, there are oscillation periods of 3.5 a, 5 - 6 a and 11 a stay with SST changes. Mainly, the annual cyclical variation determines SST with a good match of harmonic fitting effect.

Ambient tectonic shear stress field in Southern California and seismic hazard regions

ccording to the fracture mechanics rupture model of earthquakes put forward by us, several equations to compute tectonic ambient shear stress value τ0 have been derived [equations (1), (2), (3), (5)].τ0 values for intermediate and small earthquakes occurred in Chinese mainland and Southern California have been calculated by use of these equations. The results demonstrate that the level and distribution of τ0 are closely related to the location where large earthquakes will occur, i.e. the region with higher level of τ0 will be prone to occur large earthquakes and the region with lower level will usually occur small earthquakes. According to the spatial distribution of τ0 , the seismic hazard regions or the potential earthquake source regions can in some degree be determined. According to the variation of τ0 with time, the large earthquake occurrence time can be roughly estimated. According to the distribution of τ0 in Southern California and variation with time, three high stress level regions are determined, one (Goldfield area) of them is the present seismic hazard region.

Genesis and Quality of Groundwater in the Southeastern Region of Southern Vietnam

The origin and quality of groundwater in the Southeastern region （belongs to Southern Plain） were identified by using isotopic techniques and geochemical analysis. Groundwater samples were collected from 7 aquifers： the Holocene, upper Pleistocene, middle Pleistocene, lower Pleistocene, upper Pliocene, middle Pliocene and Miocene aquifers. The water isotopic compositions （82H and 8180） were determined to elucidate the origin and the interaction between surface water and groundwater studies. Transit time （age） of the groundwater samples was determined to explain the direction of groundwater flow. The dating techniques included 3H and ^14C isotopes measurement, followed by a correction for the initial ^14C-activity by the ^13C-composition （^13C） in TDIC （Total Dissolved Inorganic Carbon）. Geochemical parameters of the groundwater samples were measured either directly in the field or in the laboratory. The results showed that the groundwater from the Holocene and upper Pleistocene aquifers was most recharged from the local meteorological and hydrological systems, including local precipitation, fiver and reservoirs. Thus, it has short transit time and its stable isotopic composition is spread around the local meteoric waterline and lines for rivers or reservoirs water. The groundwater in the deeper aquifers： middle and lower Pleistocene, and Neogene aquifers has old age up to 22.5 ka BP. Its water seems to be recharged from the areas with an altitude from 600 to 700 m higher to the Neogene deposit layer altitude. The groundwater in the SE SP （South-Eastern Southern Plain） region has a high quality. The water type is Na-Ca-Mg-HCO3 with low content of chloride and TDS （Total Dissolved Solids）. Calcite/dolomite and gypsum dissolution, organic matter decomposition and sequence of red-ox reactions proceeding through different electron acceptors sediment were controlled the chemistry of the groundwater in the study region.

2016-2021年黄淮南部区试大豆品系(种)产量性状的比较分析

为在黄淮南部合理布局大豆高产品种,对2016-2021年黄淮南部177份参试大豆品系(种)的产量及主要农艺性状在不同年份、不同省份试点、不同来源及主要不同育种单位间的差异进行研究和相关性分析。结果显示,大豆产量相关农艺性状中变异幅度最大的是有效分枝,其次是株高和底荚高度,全生育期变异幅度最小。2016-2021年参试大豆品系(种)不同年份平均产量变化范围为2735.00~2918.00 kg·hm^(-2),平均产量最高的年份为2020年;参试大豆品系(种)在四个不同省份试点中,大豆品系(种)产量与单株粒重均呈极显著正相关,山东试点品系(种)株高、主茎节数、有效荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重和百粒重均高于其它试点,平均产量最高,达3156.32 kg·hm^(-2);安徽试点的平均产量最低,仅为2471.15 kg·hm^(-2);主要不同来源参试大豆品系(种)平均产量与单株粒重均呈极显著正相关,平均产量最高的是河南,平均产量为2927.41 kg·hm^(-2),其次是来源于江苏的品系(种);主要不同育种单位中,平均产量最高的选育单位是河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,所选育的大豆品系(种)平均产量为3063.87 kg·hm^(-2),其在河南和山东试点的平均产量高达3100.42和3491.20 kg·hm^(-2)。研究结果表明黄淮南部不同省份之间大豆产量差异主要与区域有关,不同年份、不同来源及主要不同育种单位间的大豆品系(种)产量也有一定的差异。

江南华南茶树高温热害等级指标及分布特征

利用1961—2022年江南和华南茶区510个气象站的日最高气温数据和历史茶树高温热害灾情数据,采用灾情反演和K-Means聚类分析方法,构建并验证江南和华南茶区茶树高温热害等级指标,分析茶树高温热害时空分布特征。结果表明:江南和华南茶区茶树轻度、中度、重度高温热害指标为连续14 d日最高气温的滑动平均值T14≥34.5℃的持续日数分别为1~17 d、18~38 d和超过38 d,验证样本完全符合的准确率为73.9%,基本符合的准确率为91.3%;江南和华南茶区茶树高温热害总次数呈波动变化,分别在1999年和1997年达到最低值,并在2021年达到最高值;华南茶区相对于江南茶区高温热害次数更多,尤其是轻度茶树高温热害,且近62年华南茶区茶树高温热害次数增加趋势显著。

宁南黄土区不同人工植被类型深层土壤水分亏缺评价

【目的】开展评估不同人工植被类型深层土壤水分亏缺程度,能为区域科学合理实施植被恢复策略提供理论依据。【方法】以宁夏彭阳中庄小流域5种不同植被类型(山桃林、沙棘林、柠条林、苜蓿地,农田为对照)为研究对象,采用土壤水分相对亏缺指数(CSWDI)和干燥化指数(SDI)定量评价模型,对不同植被类型下0~1 000 cm土壤水分亏缺及干燥化程度进行定量化分析与评价。【结果】不同植被类型深层土壤水分变化特征差异明显,0~1 000 cm平均土壤水分含量呈现出农地(16.29%)>山桃林(13.06%)>沙棘林(12.22%)>柠条林(9.12%)>苜蓿地(8.08%)。在垂直剖面上,土壤水分随土层深度增加总体呈现先减小后增加再逐渐稳定的趋势。在0~1 000 cm农地基本没有水分亏缺和干层发生,山桃林、柠条林、沙棘林和苜蓿地均呈现不同程度的土壤水分亏缺现象,平均土壤水分相对亏缺指数分别为0、0.22、0.62、0.35、0.79,平均土壤干燥化指数分别为185.5%、67.45%、51.55%、87.35%、36.10%,5种植被类型中苜蓿地土壤水分亏缺最严重,其次为柠条林、沙棘林、山桃林、农地。山桃林、柠条林、沙棘林、苜蓿地均有不同程度的干层分布,分别呈现中度、轻度和严重干燥化,干层厚度(DSLT)分别为890、860、800、920 cm,DSL-SWC分别为12.42%、8.14%、11.56%、7.76%。【结论】宁南黄土区不同人工植被类型对深层土壤水分亏缺具有明显影响,导致不同程度土壤干层发生,其中苜蓿地土壤水分亏缺最严重,应采取相应措施恢复土壤水分,促进区域水土资源可持续利用和生态健康发展。

南方崩岗调查内容与方法探讨

崩岗是我国南方水土流失的一种特殊类型,广泛分布于南方红壤区,是该区域严重的生态问题之一。第一次崩岗调查距今已近20年,相关情况已发生巨大变化。崩岗现状不清直接影响了行政管理部门对崩岗防治相关工作的规划和决策,因此急需开展新一轮崩岗调查。新时代水土保持高质量发展为崩岗调查提供了机遇,差别化分类防治和分步实施对崩岗调查提出了更高要求,现代信息技术为崩岗调查提供了新方法,以服务崩岗风险评估和防治规划为导向,在充分利用第一次崩岗调查成果基础上,补充崩岗发育的小山体调查,将典型调查改为全面普查,系统探讨崩岗调查对象与范围、调查内容、调查程序与方法,以期为行政管理部门和技术单位启动新一轮崩岗调查工作提供参考。

不同混配基质对南方地区限根栽培甜樱桃的影响

研究4种混配基质对限根容器栽培的布鲁克斯甜樱桃长势、叶片形态、光合特性、果实品质、产量以及土壤环境的影响,筛选适合于南方地区甜樱桃限根栽培的基质配方。结果表明,4种混配基质配方处理中,处理3(黄土∶有机肥料∶品氏泥炭∶珍珠岩=4∶2∶4∶2)和处理4(黄土∶有机肥料∶品氏泥炭∶珍珠岩=4∶1∶6∶1)较优,处理1(黄土∶有机肥料∶品氏泥炭∶珍珠岩=4∶1∶4∶1)和处理2(黄土∶有机肥料∶品氏泥炭∶珍珠岩=4∶2∶4∶1)一般。混配基质时,有机肥料占比控制在10%左右即可,不宜过高,品氏泥炭占比33.33%~50.00%,珍珠岩占比16.67%左右,可以保水、保肥、透气,促使甜樱桃健康生长发育。

共同富裕视域下南北区域协调发展研究

全体人民共同富裕是中国式现代化的本质特征,区域协调发展对于促进全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展具有重大意义,区域协调发展是实现共同富裕的必然要求,推动区域协调发展是实现高质量发展的必由之路,是实现中国式现代化的关键支撑,能从根本上破解区域发展不平衡不充分问题。然而由于地理区位、发展基础和资源禀赋等多种因素的制约,南北区域发展不协调问题越来越严重,致使发展成果无法惠及全体人民。本文基于共同富裕视角,在系统梳理区域协调发展相关文献的基础上,分析了南北区域协调发展对实现共同富裕的重大意义,探寻南北区域发展不协调的表现及成因,并提出共同富裕视域下南北区域协调发展的策略选择。本文的分析对于促进南北区域优势互补、互利互惠,统筹区域发展,着力构建区域协同发展新格局,促进全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展具有重大意义。

中亚造山带南蒙古地区石炭纪--二叠纪岩浆活动及其构造意义

中亚造山带作为显生宙以来全球最大的增生型造山带,记录了古亚洲洋俯冲、增生、闭合的全过程。南蒙古地区位于中亚造山带南缘中段,其晚古生代先后发育弧岩浆活动以及与伸展活动相关的岩石组合,是研究陆壳增生和改造的热点区域。笔者结合区域地质特征及前人研究对南蒙古地区石炭纪--二叠纪这一关键时期的岩石组合做出系统梳理和总结,研究区石炭纪--二叠纪岩浆活动大致可以分为早石炭世(350~325 Ma),晚石炭世(320~305 Ma)和早二叠世(300~280Ma)3个阶段。早石炭世(350~325Ma)发育典型的弧岩浆岩且具有向南变年轻的趋势。此外,全岩Nd和锆石Hf同位素显示其主体具有显著的地幔贡献。综合前人认识,笔者认为这是古亚洲洋主洋盆以北多个次生的弧后洋盆俯冲后撤的结果。晚石炭世(320~305Ma)以高硅花岗岩为主,尤其315~310Ma的碱长花岗岩、碱长正长岩等是年轻弧地体重熔的产物,是俯冲大洋板片显著消耗的结束。早二叠世(300~280Ma)发育伸展相关的岩石组合(如A型花岗岩、双峰式火山岩和基性岩墙),这些岩浆活动显示高温特征,且具有显著的地幔物质贡献。结合前人工作,特别是笔者的前期工作,上述岩浆活动是由石炭纪板片后撤之后高角度俯冲诱发的俯冲板片断离所造成,且前人研究成果表明南蒙古东西两侧均有类似的岩石、构造和沉积记录。因此,笔者提出,古亚洲洋主洋盆泥盆纪--二叠纪多期次的俯冲后撤导致了其北侧一系列次生的弧后洋盆的开启、俯冲至闭合,上述过程伴随了中亚造山带南缘最后一次大规模侧向增生及其结束后板片断离诱发的垂向地壳增生。

2010–2020年塔里木盆地南部荒漠草地凋落物回收量月动态数据集

中国科学院新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站(以下简称“策勒站”)地处塔里木盆地南缘,南依昆仑山,北临我国最大的塔克拉玛干沙漠。具有植被群落简单,土壤有机质积累缓慢等特点。凋落物是该区域重要的养分来源。基于对策勒站荒漠植物群落的长期定位观测,通过对不同植物凋落物器官(枝、叶、果)分组,本文整理统计得到2010–2020年塔里木盆地南部荒漠草地凋落物的回收量月动态数据,同时记载了观测场群落以及土壤养分的年度变化情况。数据的产生严格遵照CERN生物观测规范执行,数据的审核及质量控制由台站与分中心质控人员共同完成。本数据集以期为深入研究塔里木盆地南部荒漠草地凋落物动态变化提供基础数据,为了解和评估极端干旱荒漠生态系统养分循环过程提供理论支撑。

赓续工匠精神中的湘南民间艺术老艺人技艺数字传承

本文分析湘南民间艺术老艺人技艺的现状,探讨其数字化传承途径。调研湘南民间老艺人和技艺传承现状,借鉴国内民间艺术保护传承经验,分析民间老艺人技艺数字化的传承与传播路径,以赓续工匠精神中的湘南民间艺术老艺人技艺数字传承,谋求融合发展。在继承中发扬,在传承中创新,既是对国家政策的响应与践行,又是新时代高校师生的使命与担当。

黄淮南部地区小麦品种矮秆基因的组成及其对茎秆特性的影响

为研究矮秆基因及其组合对小麦茎秆特性的影响,以黄淮南部地区490个小麦品种(系)为材料,采用分子标记检测了小麦矮秆基因Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b、Rht8、Rht9、Rht12和Rht24,并连续2年测定了小麦株高、重心高度、节间长度、直径、折断力等茎秆特性,分析了矮秆基因的组成及其对茎秆特性的影响。结果表明,在490份材料中,携带Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b、Rht8、Rht9、Rht12和Rht24的材料分布频率分别为7.25%、92.24%、39.18%、42.86%、72.65%和95.31%,共得到了40种基因组合,其中分布频率较高的组合有Rht-D1b+Rht9+Rht12+Rht24(20.2%)、Rht-D1b+Rht12+Rht24(19.8%)、Rht-D1b+Rht8+Rht12+Rht24(16.3%)、Rht-D1b+Rht8+Rht9+Rht12+Rht24(8.4%)、Rht-D1b+Rht24(7.3%)、Rht-D1b+Rht9+Rht24(6.5%)、Rht-D1b+Rht8+Rht24(4.7%)和Rht-D1b+Rht8+Rht9+Rht24(3.9%)。矮秆基因对降低小麦株高的效应大小依次是Rht-D1b、Rht9、Rht8、Rht12和Rht-B1b,且基因间存在累加效应,但Rht8与Rht9或Rht12结合不能起到明显的降秆作用。基因组合Rht-D1b+Rht9+Rht12+Rht24对降低茎秆重心高度和基部前3节间长度以及增强基部前3节间折断力的效应最大,基因组合Rht-D1b+Rht8+Rht9+Rht24对降低穗下节长度的效应最大,基因组合Rht-D1b+Rht8+Rht12+Rht24对增大茎秆基部前3节间直径的效应最大。矮秆基因可以有效降低小麦的株高和重心高度,缩短基部第2、3节间长度,提高基部前3节间直径和折断力,可作为小麦的抗倒伏育种的重要依据。

辽东半岛震旦系甘井子组叠层石生长机制研究

辽东半岛新元古界震旦系甘井子组叠层石出露完好,宏观形态完整,微观构造清晰,是研究新元古代微生物碳酸盐岩建造的理想对象,对恢复古环境和古生态研究具有重要意义。笔者等选择甘井子组地层为研究对象,根据岩性特征该组自上而下可分成3段。叠层石出露于下段的底部和上段的顶部,底部叠层石为透镜状,顶部叠层石呈大规模层状。下段叠层石呈现波纹状—柱状—丘状的形态组合,上段叠层石呈现波纹状—柱状—长柱状的形态组合,均为水深不断增加的结果。笔者等通过对比现代叠层石生长机制,确定甘井子组叠层石纹层的3层构造和形成顺序,分析硬质基底对于叠层石定殖和叠层石密集生长的控制,厘定环境变化从微观到宏观对于柱体形态和叠层石规模的影响,揭示了甘井子组叠层石的形成机制。