Two hundred cates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) admitted to this department from Feb. 1985 to May. 1988 were analysed according to the CT scanning and clinical findings of the primary lesions prior to radiotherapy...Two hundred cates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) admitted to this department from Feb. 1985 to May. 1988 were analysed according to the CT scanning and clinical findings of the primary lesions prior to radiotherapy. The results showed that involvement of parapharyngeal space was very common in NPC, about 80% (160/200 cases) ; particularly unilateral or bilateral retro-styloid spaces, about 69.5% (139/200 cases). It was proposed that patients with NPC had a high Incidence of ipsilateral cervical node metastasis. Contralateral cervical node metastasis was rare. The development of cervical node metastasto in NPC has two modes: one Is direct Infiltration of the retro-stylold space by the lesion; the other Is along the nasopharyngeal lymphatic rete. The data also showed that patients with NPC who presented symptoms of Ⅸ- Ⅲ cranial nerve paralyses always had ipsilateral or bilateral retro- styloid space Infiltrations.展开更多
Legibility is a significant quality of urban spaces. It affects people's knowledge of space and options available to them. This paper focused on the importance of the legibility of urban spaces and its relationshi...Legibility is a significant quality of urban spaces. It affects people's knowledge of space and options available to them. This paper focused on the importance of the legibility of urban spaces and its relationship with urban design projects, and took the regeneration of Oxford's West End for example to il ustrate how to make urban open green spaces clearly legible.展开更多
Secondary storage spaces with very complex geometries are well developed in Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,which is taken as a study case in this paper.It is still not clear how the secondary stora...Secondary storage spaces with very complex geometries are well developed in Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,which is taken as a study case in this paper.It is still not clear how the secondary storage space shape influences the P-＆ S-wave velocities （or elastic properties） in complex carbonate reservoirs.In this paper,three classical rock physics models （Wyllie timeaverage equation,Gassmann equation and the Kuster-Toks z model） are comparably analyzed for their construction principles and actual velocity prediction results,aiming at determining the most favourable rock physics model to consider the influence of secondary storage space shape.Then relationships between the P-＆ S-wave velocities in carbonate reservoirs and geometric shapes of secondary storage spaces are discussed from different aspects based on actual well data by employing the favourable rock physics model.To explain the influence of secondary storage space shape on V P-V S relationship,it is analyzed for the differences of S-wave velocities between derived from common empirical relationships （including Castagna＇s mud rock line and Greenberg-Castagna V P-V S relationship） and predicted by the rock physics model.We advocate that V P-V S relationship for complex carbonate reservoirs should be built for different storage space types.For the carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,the V P-V S relationships for fractured,fractured-cavernous,and fractured-hole-vuggy reservoirs are respectively built on the basis of velocity prediction and secondary storage space type determination.Through the discussion above,it is expected that the velocity prediction and the V P-V S relationships for complex carbonate reservoirs should fully consider the influence of secondary storage space shape,thus providing more reasonable constraints for prestack inversion,further building a foundation for realizing carbonate reservoir prediction and fluid prediction.展开更多
文章从邻里尺度出发,检索3个数据库(Web of Science、Pubmed、Scopus)10年来邻里绿地与心理健康的研究性文献,对达到筛选要求的51篇文献的研究方法、研究结果进行统计分析,在梳理城市邻里空间范围、邻里绿地特征、社会背景与心理健康相...文章从邻里尺度出发,检索3个数据库(Web of Science、Pubmed、Scopus)10年来邻里绿地与心理健康的研究性文献,对达到筛选要求的51篇文献的研究方法、研究结果进行统计分析,在梳理城市邻里空间范围、邻里绿地特征、社会背景与心理健康相关性关系的基础上,进一步总结出以居民心理健康为导向的邻里绿地空间规划启示为:对于邻里绿地空间规划,需要综合邻里100~500 m、500~800 m、800~1600 m范围内绿地特征,关注绿道等线性绿地、大型休闲绿地的建设,关注劣势群体聚集区域的绿地规划;对于存量提升的绿地规划,需要优化邻里整体空间的植物结构、丰富植被种类,关注绿地内部品质,尤其重视口袋公园、街道空间的质量提升。未来需要增加纵向研究、绿地量化特征比较研究,以及绿地解释机制关系研究。展开更多
文摘Two hundred cates of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) admitted to this department from Feb. 1985 to May. 1988 were analysed according to the CT scanning and clinical findings of the primary lesions prior to radiotherapy. The results showed that involvement of parapharyngeal space was very common in NPC, about 80% (160/200 cases) ; particularly unilateral or bilateral retro-styloid spaces, about 69.5% (139/200 cases). It was proposed that patients with NPC had a high Incidence of ipsilateral cervical node metastasis. Contralateral cervical node metastasis was rare. The development of cervical node metastasto in NPC has two modes: one Is direct Infiltration of the retro-stylold space by the lesion; the other Is along the nasopharyngeal lymphatic rete. The data also showed that patients with NPC who presented symptoms of Ⅸ- Ⅲ cranial nerve paralyses always had ipsilateral or bilateral retro- styloid space Infiltrations.
基金Sponsored by Philosophy and Social Sciences Project of the Tibet Autonomous Region(15BSH001)
文摘Legibility is a significant quality of urban spaces. It affects people's knowledge of space and options available to them. This paper focused on the importance of the legibility of urban spaces and its relationship with urban design projects, and took the regeneration of Oxford's West End for example to il ustrate how to make urban open green spaces clearly legible.
基金co-supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB201103)the National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2011ZX05004003)
文摘Secondary storage spaces with very complex geometries are well developed in Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,which is taken as a study case in this paper.It is still not clear how the secondary storage space shape influences the P-＆ S-wave velocities （or elastic properties） in complex carbonate reservoirs.In this paper,three classical rock physics models （Wyllie timeaverage equation,Gassmann equation and the Kuster-Toks z model） are comparably analyzed for their construction principles and actual velocity prediction results,aiming at determining the most favourable rock physics model to consider the influence of secondary storage space shape.Then relationships between the P-＆ S-wave velocities in carbonate reservoirs and geometric shapes of secondary storage spaces are discussed from different aspects based on actual well data by employing the favourable rock physics model.To explain the influence of secondary storage space shape on V P-V S relationship,it is analyzed for the differences of S-wave velocities between derived from common empirical relationships （including Castagna＇s mud rock line and Greenberg-Castagna V P-V S relationship） and predicted by the rock physics model.We advocate that V P-V S relationship for complex carbonate reservoirs should be built for different storage space types.For the carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,the V P-V S relationships for fractured,fractured-cavernous,and fractured-hole-vuggy reservoirs are respectively built on the basis of velocity prediction and secondary storage space type determination.Through the discussion above,it is expected that the velocity prediction and the V P-V S relationships for complex carbonate reservoirs should fully consider the influence of secondary storage space shape,thus providing more reasonable constraints for prestack inversion,further building a foundation for realizing carbonate reservoir prediction and fluid prediction.
