Application and prospects of spatial information technology in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring

This paper systematically reviews the current applications of various spatial information technologies in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring,analyzes the challenges faced by spatial information technologies in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring,and prospects the development of spatial information technologies in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring.Currently,the spatial information technologies applied in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring mainly include five categories:eddy covariance method,remote sensing technology,geographic information system,Internet of Things technology,and global navigation satellite system.These technologies are involved in three aspects:monitoring data acquisition,positioning and data transmission,and data management and decision support.Challenges faced by the spatial information technologies in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring include:selecting spatial information technologies that match different monitoring purposes,different platforms,and different monitoring sites;establishing effective data storage and computing capabilities to cope with the broad sources and large volumes of monitoring data;and promoting collaborative operations by interacting and validating spatial information technologies with mature monitoring technologies.In the future,it is necessary to establish methods and standards for designing spatial information technology monitoring schemes,develop collaborative application methods for cross-scale monitoring technologies,integrate spatial information technologies with artificial intelligence and high-performance computing technologies,and accelerate the application of spatial information technologies in carbon sequestration projects in China.

Global and International Security Under Spatial Grasp Paradigm

Global and international security cannot be provided from a single point or a set of separate points whatever powerful these might be(even with quantum supercomputers!).It should rather be deeply embedded and integrated with bodies of real systems wherever in physical,virtual,or combined spaces they may exist.So global security capabilities should not only be distributed,but rather be really spatial,self-organized,and dynamic,also exhibiting overall integrity,awareness,and consciousness features.The paper describes applicability of the patented and revealed in 10 books Spatial Grasp Model and Technology(SGT)and its basic Spatial Grasp Language(SGL)which conceptually and functionally match security problems of large distributed and heterogeneous systems.It investigates very practical security solutions for finding and tracing distribution of forbidden items,world roaming criminals,recovery from natural and human-made disasters,tracing and elimination of moving dangerous objects in terrestrial and celestial spaces,as well as analysis and restoration of damaged transport networks.It advises how different security infrastructures can be organized and managed,and how to cooperate and integrate within global security systems with higher awareness and consciousness levels over them.The provided security-oriented version of SGL can be quickly implemented and integrated with existing distributed management and security systems.

Air and Missile Defense Under Spatial Grasp Technology

A novel control ideology and technology for solving tasks in large distributed networked systems will be briefed. Based on active scenarios self-navigating and self-matching distributed spaces in a highly organized super-virus mode, it can effectively establish global control over large systems of any natures. The technology can use numerous scattered and dissimilar facilities in an integral and holistic way, allowing them to work together in goal-driven supercomputer mode. The approach can be useful for advanced air and missile defense in a variety of ways which is described and explained in this paper.

Spatial Management of Distributed Social Systems

The paper describes the use of invented,developed,and tested in different countries of the high-level spatial grasp model and technology capable of solving important problems in large social systems,which may be represented as dynamic,self-evolving and distributed social networks.The approach allows us to find important solutions on a holistic level by spatial navigation and parallel pattern matching of social networks with active self-propagating scenarios represented in a special recursive language.This approach effectively hides inside the distributed and networked language implementation traditional system management routines,often providing hundreds of times shorter and simpler high-level solution code.The paper highlights the demands to efficient simulation of social systems,briefs the technology used,and provides some programming examples for solutions of practical problems.

Distributed Control Technology for Air and Missile Defence Operations

This paper relates to accepted presentation at international conference Air and Missile Defence Technology,November 16-17,2022,London UK(day two),reflecting contents of the presentation slides.It describes applications of the patented and internationally tested Spatial Grasp Technology(SGT)and its Spatial Grasp Language(SGL)for Integrated Air and Missile Defense(IAMD).Based on holistic space navigation and processing by recursive mobile code self-spreading in distributed words,SGT differs radically from traditional management of large systems as consisting of parts exchanging messages.The dynamic network of SGL interpreters can be arbitrarily large and cover terrestrial and celestial environments as powerful spatial engines.The paper contains an example of tracking and destruction of multiple cruise missiles by self-evolving spatial intelligence in SGL using networks of radar stations.It also briefs the growing multiple satellite constellation in Low Earth Orbits(LEO)for potential IAMD applications.Starting from Strategic Defense Initiative(SDI)of the past and then briefing the latest project of Space Development Agency,the paper shows SGL solutions for discovery,tracking,and destroying ballistic missiles and hypersonic gliders with the use of collectively behaving constellations of LEO satellites.It also shows how to organize higher levels of supervision of groups of mobile chasers fighting multiple targets(both potentially as missiles or drones),by providing their global awareness even consciousness in SGL which can drastically improve their performance.The latest version of SGT can be implemented on any platforms and put into operation in a short time,similarly to its previous versions in different countries.

Providing Global Awareness in Distributed Dynamic Systems

The paper investigates applicability of the developed high-level model and technology for solution of diverse problems in large distributed dynamic systems which can provide sufficient awareness of their structures,organization,and functionalities.After the review of meanings of awareness and existing approaches for its expression and support,the paper shows application of the Spatial Grasp Model and Technology(SGT)and its basic Spatial Grasp Language(SGL)for very practical awareness solutions in large distributed dynamic systems,with obtaining any knowledge from any point inside or outside the system.The self-evolving,self-replicating,and self-recovering scenario code in SGL can effectively supervise distributed systems under any circumstances including rapidly changing number of their elements.Examples are provided in SGL for distributed networked systems showing how in any node any information about other nodes and links,including the whole system,can be obtained by using network requesting patterns based on recursive scenarios combining forward and backward network matching and coverage.The returned results may be automatically organized in networked patterns too.The presented exemplary solutions are parallel and fully distributed,without the need of using vulnerable centralized resources,also very compact.This can be explained by fundamentally different philosophy and ideology of SGT which is not based on traditional partitioned systems representation and multiple agent communications.On the contrary,SGT and its basic language supervise and control distributed systems by holistic self-spreading recursive code in wavelike,virus-like,and even“soul-like”mode.

Towed line array sonar platform noise suppression based on spatial matrix filtering technology

The spatial matrix filter was designed and used for solving the problem to detect a weak target who was influenced by the strong nearby platform noise interference of the towed line array sonar. The MFP technology and the DOA estimation technology were combined together by using the sound propagation characteristics of both target and interference. The spatial matrix filter with platform noise zero response constraint was designed by the near-field platform noise normal modes copy vectors and the far-field plane wave bearing vectors together. The optimal solution of the optimization problem for designing the spatial matrix filter was deduced directly, and it was simplified by the generalized singular value decomposition. The total response error to the plane wave bearing vectors and the total response to the platform noise copy vectors were given. The phenomena that strong interferences existed in the bearing course and blind areas existed after filtering were analyzed by the correlation between the plat- form noise copy vectors and the plane wave bearing vectors. It could be found from simulations that it has less blind area and higher detection ability by using the spatial matrix filtering technology.

Spatial diversity and combination technology using amplitude and phase weighting method for phase-coherent underwater acoustic communications

The UWA channel is characterized as a time-dispersive rapidly fading channel, which in addition exhibits Doppler instabilities and limited bandwidth. To eliminate inter- symbol interference caused by multipath propagation, spatial diversity equalization is the main technical means. The paper combines the passive phase conjugation and spatial processing to maximize the output array gain. It uses signal-to-noise-plus-interference to evaluate the quality of signals received at different channels. The amplitude of signal is weighted using Sigmoid function. Second order PLL can trace the phase variation caused by channel, so the signal can be accumulated in the same phase. The signals received at different channels need to be normal- ized. It adopts fractional-decision feedback diversity equalizer （FDFDE） and achieves diversity equalization by using different channel weighted coefficients. The simulation and lake trial data processing results show that, the optimized diversity receiving equalization algorithm can im- prove communication system＇s ability in tracking the change of underwater acoustic channel, offset the impact of multipath and noise and improve the performance of communication system. The performance of the communication receiving system is better than that of the equal gain combination. At the same time, the bit error rate （BER） reduces 1.8%.

Distributed Human Terrain Operations for Solving National and International Problems

With the world conflicts steadily moving from kinetics to cultural dimensions, the author will be discussing here a new, promising, trend allowing for effective solutions of complex national and international problems by intelligent and predominantly peaceful means using the concept of Human Terrain （HT）. A novel ideology and supporting high-level networking technology will be revealed that can effectively implement HT ideas in large networked spaces. The technology is based on holistic and gestalt principles in dealing with complex distributed systems in opposition to traditional multi-agent and interoperability organizations. This allows researchers to grasp nonlocal social, cultural, ethnic, religious, and, if needed, military problems with their integral solutions on top semantic level and expresses them in a special high-level language suitable for implementation in manned, unmanned, or combined systems.

Instructions for Authors

General： The Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics is a joint publication of the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation, the Chinese Society of Astronautics, the Systems Engineering Soeiety of China and the Chinese Association for System Simulation. It appears four times a year in English. The EDITORIAL BOARD strives to publish well,written papers that present important research results within the JOURNAL SCOPE, which includes system analysis, system modeling and simulation, military system analysis, vehicle control, C^3I, radar, information systems engineering, pattern recognition, machine intelligence, artificial neural networks, information acquisition ＆ processing, and topics in all related fields. Readers are encouraged to submit manuscripts which disclose significant technical achievements, indicate exploratoLT developments, or present significant application for scientific and technological frontiers. Manuscripts should be submitted by E-mail named ＂New Manuscript＂ in Word type. All papers are subject to refereeing. Papers should be original and must not have been submitted simultaneously to any other journal. Submitted manuscripts, whether or not they are accepted, will not be returned unless otherwise informed.

3D large-scale SPH modeling of vehicle wading with GPU acceleration

Vehicle wading is a complex fluid-structure interaction(FSI) problem and has attracted great attention recently from the automotive industry, especially for electric vehicles. As a meshless Lagrangian particle method, smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) is one of the most suitable candidates for simulations of vehicle wading due to its inherent advantages in modeling free surface flows, splash, and moving interfaces. Nevertheless, the inevitable neighbor query for the nearest adjacent particles among the support domain leads to considerable computational cost and thus limits its application in 3D large-scale simulations. In this work, a GPU-based SPH method is developed with an adaptive spatial sort technology for simulations of vehicle wading. In addition, a fast, easy-to-implement particle generator is presented for isotropic initialization of the complex vehicle geometry with optimal interpolation properties. A comparative study of vehicle wading on a puddle between the GPUbased SPH with two pieces of commercial software is used to verify the capability of the GPU-based SPH method in terms of convergence analysis, kinematic characteristics, and computing performance. Finally, different conditions of vehicle speeds, water depths, and puddle widths are tested to investigate the vehicle wading numerically. The results demonstrate that the adaptive spatial sort technology can significantly improve the computing performance of the GPU-based SPH method and meanwhile promotes the GPU-based SPH method to be a competitive tool for the study of 3D large-scale FSI problems including vehicle wading. Some helpful findings of the critical vehicle speed, water depth as well as boundary wall effect are also reported in this work.