Simultaneous Determination of Iron and Manganese in Water Using Artificial Neural Network Catalytic Spectrophotometric Method

A new analytical method using Back-Propagation (BP) artificial neural network and kinetic spectrophotometry for simultaneous determination of iron and magnesium in tap water, the Yellow River water and seawater is established. By conditional experiments, the optimum analytical conditions and parameters are obtained. Levenberg-Marquart (L-M) algorithm is used for calculation in BP neural network. The topological structure of three-layer BP ANN network architecture is chosen as 15-16-2 (nodes). The initial value of gradient coefficient μ is fixed at 0.001 and the increase factor and reduction factor of μ take the default values of the system. The data are processed by computers with our own programs written in MATLAB 7.0. The relative standard deviation of the calculated results for iron and manganese is 2.30% and 2.67% respectively. The results of standard addition method show that for the tap water, the recoveries of iron and manganese are in the ranges of 98.0%-104.3% and 96.5%-104.5%, and the RSD is in the range of 0.23%-0.98%; for the Yellow River water (Lijin district of Shandong Province), the recoveries of iron and manganese are in the ranges of 96.0%-101.0% and 98.7%-104.2%, and the RSD is in the range of 0.13%-2.52%; for the seawater in Qingdao offshore, the recoveries of iron and manganese are in the ranges of 95.3%-104.8% and 95.3%-104.7%, and the RSD is in the range of 0.14%-2.66%. It is found that 21 common cations and anions do not interfere with the determination of iron and manganese under the optimum experimental conditions. This method exhibits good reproducibility and high accuracy in the determination of iron and manganese and can be used for the simultaneous determination of iron and manganese in tap water and natural water. By using the established ANN- catalytic spectrophotometric method, the iron and manganese concentrations of the surface seawater at 11 sites in Qingdao offshore are determined and the level distribution maps of iron and manganese are drawn.

Solid-phase extraction of trace Au(Ⅲ) with SDG and determination by the catalytic spectrophotometric method

The new catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric method for Au（III） determination was developed and validated. It was based on the catalytic effect of gold on the oxidation of sudan red III by ammonium peroxodisulfate （（NH4）2S2O8） with nitrilo triacetic acid as an activator in microemulsion and H2SO4 medium. Under optimum conditions, there was the linearity of the calibration curve in the concentration range from 0 to 20 μg/L Au（Ⅲ） at 520 nm. The relative standard deviation was 3.0% with a correlation coefficient of 0.9986. The detection limit achieved was 9.75 × 10^-5 μg/mL. A new method using a column packed with sulfhydryl dextrose gel （SDG） as a solid-phase extractant has been developed for the preconcentration and separation of Au（Ⅲ） ions. The method has been applied to the determination of trace gold with satisfactory results.

Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of bromide in clidinium-c drug

A simple,rapid and sensitive method has been described for the determination of the trace amounts of bromide.The method is based on the catalytic effect of bromide ion on the oxidation of methylene blue by bromate in sulfuric acid media.The reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in the absorbance of methylene blue at 665 nm. Bromide was determined in the range of 0.05-1.90μg/mL with the detection limit of 0.03μg/mL.The relative standard deviations of five replicate determinations of 0.20 and 10.0μg/mL of bromide were 2.4%and 1.8%,respectively.The influence of potential interfering ions and substances was studied.The method is applied to the analysis of bromide in clidinium-c tablet as a real sample.

A new kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of major metabolite of heroin in biological samples

This study describes a simple,rapid and selective catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of 6- monoacetylmorphine（6-MAM） as major metabolite of heroin in biological samples.The method is based upon the catalytic effect of 6-MAM on the oxidation of Janus Green by bromate in acid media.The reaction was followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in absorbance of Janus Green at 618 nm.The dependence of sensitivity on the reaction variables was studied.Under optimum conditions,two linear calibration curves over the range 0.1-1.0μg mL^（-1） and 1.0-34.0μg mL^（-1） of 6- MAM were obtained.The detection limit was 1.2×10~2μg mL^（-1） of 6-MAM.The relative standard deviations for six replicate determinations of 0.8 and 5.0μg mL^（-1） of 6-MAM were 1.4 and 1.1%respectively.The effect of various species commonly associated with heroin in real samples was also investigated.The proposed method was successfully applied in human urine and serum samples with satisfactory results.

Catalytic Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Phosphate Ion

The kinetic method for the determination of phosphate microamounts was described. The developed method is based on catalytic effect of phosphate on sodium pyrogallol-5-sulphonate （PS） by dissolved oxygen. The reaction was followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the rate of change in the values of the absorbance of the oxidation product at 437 nm. The optimum reaction conditions are PS （0.44×10^-3 mol·L^-1） and HClO4 （3.6×10^-6 mol·L^-1） at 25 ℃. Following this procedure, phosphate can be determined with a linear calibration graph up to 0.23 μg·mL^-1. The interference effect of several species was also investigated and it was found that the most common cations and anions did not interfere with the determination. The developed procedure was successfully applied to the determination of phosphate in natural waters and soil.