Steel bar penetrating cervical spinal canal without neurological injury:A case report

BACKGROUND We report a rare case of cervical spinal canal penetrating trauma and review the relevant literatures.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department with a steel bar penetrating the neck,without signs of neurological deficit.Computed tomography(CT)demonstrated that the steel bar had penetrated the cervical spinal canal at the C6–7 level,causing C6 and C7 vertebral body fracture,C6 left lamina fracture,left facet joint fracture,and penetration of the cervical spinal cord.The steel bar was successfully removed through an open surgical procedure by a multidisciplinary team.During the surgery,we found that the cervical vertebra,cervical spinal canal and cervical spinal cord were all severely injured.Postoperative CT demonstrated severe penetration of the cervical spinal canal but the patient returned to a fully functional level without any neurological deficits.CONCLUSION Even with a serious cervical spinal canal penetrating trauma,the patient could resume normal work and life after appropriate treatment.

Surgical Management of Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis with Instrumentation at the Yaounde Central Hospital: Comparison of Unilateral versus Bilateral Pedicle Screw Fixation Combined with Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion

Introduction: The choice of adopting unilateral pedicle screw fixation or using bilateral pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spinal stenosis remains controversial. In our context, very few studies have been performed comparing the clinical effectiveness of unilateral versus bilateral fixation in the surgical management of lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Objective: Evaluate the impact on quality of life and clinical efficacy of unilateral spondylodesis compared to bilateral spondylodesis in the surgical management of lumbar spinal canal stenosis at the Yaounde Central Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study for a period of 4 years, from June 2015 to June 2019. It involved all patients operated for lumbar canal stenosis and who underwent spondylodesis or spinal fusion at the neurosurgery department of the Yaounde Central Hospital. Results: A total of 68 participants were recruited during our study period. 32 (47%) of the study population were in the 50 - 60 age group, with a mean age of 56.98 years ranging from 41 to 75 years. Females, housewives and farmers were the most affected. In our study, 72% of patients had unilateral spondylodesis and 28% had bilateral fusion. Preoperatively, 71% of patients had insurmountable pain, refractory to medical treatment. At 3 months postoperatively, 73.7% of patients with bilateral setup had moderate pain compared to 69% of those with unilateral setup. At 6 months postoperatively, 79% of patients with bilateral fusion had mild pain compared to 82% of patients with unilateral setup. At 1 year postoperatively, all patients had mild pain. Preoperatively, 66.2% of patients were unable to walk and 19.1% of patients were bedridden according to the Oswestry score. At 3 months postoperatively, 10.2% of patients with unilateral setup were unable to walk compared to 10.5% of patients with bilateral fixation, while 67.3% of patients with unilateral fixation had moderate disability compared to 52.6% of patients with bilateral fixation. At 6 months postoperatively, 51% of patients with unilateral setup had moderate disability compared to 47.4% of patients with bilateral fixation, while 42.9% of patients with unilateral fixation had mild disability compared to 42.1% of patients with bilateral fixation. At 1 year postoperatively, 81.6% of patients who underwent unilateral fixation had only mild disability compared to 73.7% of patients with bilateral fixation. Conclusion: The assessment of quality of life according to the set-up used shows similar results at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year, with no statistically significant differences. Single-sided pedicle screw fixation combined with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion or mounting has the advantage of being faster, with less bleeding and is less expensive compared to bilateral fixation.

Prevotella oris-caused meningitis and spinal canal infection:A case report

BACKGROUND Prevotella oris-induced meningitis and Prevotella oris-induced meningitis concomitant with spinal canal infection are extremely rare.To the best of our knowledge,only 1 case of Prevotella oris-induced central system infection has been reported.This is the second report on meningitis combined with spinal canal infection due to Prevotella oris.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 9-year-old boy suffering from meningitis and spinal canal infection.The patient presented to the neurosurgery department with lumbosacral pain for 1 mo and headache and vomiting for 1 d.He had been treated with cephalosporin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for fever,otalgia and pharyngalgia in a local hospital 2 mo prior to this admission.During hospitalization,magnetic resonance imaging suggested meningitis and L3-S1 lumbosacral dural sac infection.The cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures were negative,but the cerebrospinal fluid specimen indicated the presence of Prevotella oris by metagenomic next-generation sequencing.Previous cases of Prevotella oris infection were retrieved from PubMed to characterize the clinicopathological features and identify the prognostic factors and related antimicrobial treatment of infection due to Prevotella oris.CONCLUSION This report shed light on the characteristics of Prevotella oris infection and highlighted the role of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in pathogen detection.

Correlation study between the changes of motor evoked potential and the improvement of spinal canal volume in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion

Objective:To analyze the correlation between the amplitude changes of motor evoked potential(MEP),the 3D volume changes of spinal canal measuring by postoperative CT and the improvement rate of clinical symptoms after the spinal canal decompression in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion(MIS-TLIF),and to explore the predictive value of the changes of both MEP amplitude and spinal canal volume in the assessment of long-term clinical prognosis in MIS-TLIF.Methods:A retrospective study of 68 patients with L4/5 spinal stenosis treated with MIS-TLIF was performed.The changes of both intraoperative MEP amplitude and 3D spinal canal volume during the spinal canal decompression,as well as the visual analogue scale(VAS)and Oswestry dysfunction index(ODI)scores in the long-term follow-up were all recorded.Results:The values of intraoperative MEP amplitude was 159.04%higher in 68 patients with MIS-TLIF after spinal canal decompression(P<0.01).The 3 postoperative 3D spinal canal volume(4.89±1.27)cm increased by 31.22%in comparison 3 with preoperative date(3.78±1.08)cm(P<0.01).The VAS and ODI scores were improved to 78.55%and 80.60%,respectively at the last follow-up(P<0.01).The improvement rate of MEP amplitude on the decompression side was positively correlated with the improvement rate of postoperative spinal canal volume(r=0.272,P=0.025).The improvement rate of postoperative spinal canal volume was positively correlated with the improvement rate of VAS and ODI at the last follow-up(r=0.656,r=0.490,P<0.01).Moreover,the improvement rate of MEP amplitude on the decompression side was also positively correlated with the improvement rate of VAS and ODI at the last follow-up(r=0.322 and 0.235,respectively,P<0.05).Conclusion:The increase of MEP amplitude after spinal canal decompression in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis treated by MIS-TLIF was closely correlated with both of the increase of spinal canal volume and the improvement of clinical symptoms.Therefore,MEP amplitude monitoring was not only the one of the important monitoring methods for predicting the prognosis of MIS-TLIF but also the reliably predictive value in the long-term clinical prognosis in MIS-TLIF.

Microsurgical treatment of neurilemmoma in upper cervical spinal canal:59 cases report

Objective To explore surgical techniques and curative effects of microsurgical treatment for neuriemmoma in upper cervical spinal canal. Methods Form Jan. 2004 to Nov. 2007. 59 cases of schwannoma was resected through microoperation, the operation was conducted through a posteromedial approach,using German Laika microscope resection

Rehabilitation intervention of cervical spondylotic myelopathy combined with thoracic spinal canal stenosis

Objective To investigate diagnosis and treatment characters of cervical spondylotic myelopathy combined with thoracic spinal stenosis, and to analysis effective pathway of spinal function recovery. Methods We took respective analysis on diagnosis, treatment and recovery results of 12 cases, whose symptoms, signs and MR were explicit. Results Follow ups times were from 9 months to 5 years and 8 months. Nerve function of 8 cases recovered completely or nearly completely; that of 2 cases improved apparently and that of 2 cases improved slightly. Conclusion Detailed disease history collection, particular body examination and MR reading are very important to early diagnosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy combined with thoracic spinal stenosis. Early operation combined with cervical and thoracic spinal canal decompression at same time or at different stages is the single effective method to patients’ function recovery.

Biometrics of the Cervical Spinal Canal and Cord by Computer Tomography in Togo

Studies on the canal dimensions of the cervical spinal are rare in Africa. The aim of this study is to provide normal values of the cervical spinal canal and spinal cord dimensions of adult people in Togo. It was about a twelve-year prospective study conducted in the main Hospitals of Campus Teaching Hospital. This study involved people of more than 18 years who neither presented any clinical sign nor rachis defect. The distances measured were antero-posterior 1 (APD1) and inter-pedicular (IPD) of the cervical spinal canal, the antero-posterior 2 (APD2) and the transverse (TD) diameters of the cervical spinal cord, followed with APD2/APD1 (R1) and TD/IPD (R2) research reports. The mean age was 38 +/- 9.34 years old. The average of APD1 of the cervical spinal canal stood at 15.41 ± 0.55 mm, with a minimum of 10.48 ± 0.57 mm and a maximum of 25.00 ± 2.60 mm. The IPD average stood at 23.27 ± 1.67 mm with a minimal average of 13.68 ± 1.46 mm and a maximal average of 33.68 ± 1.46 mm. The average of DAP2 was 11.66 ± 0.66 mm, with a minimum of 10.7 ± 0.66 mm and a maximum of 12.77 ± 0.66 mm. The DT average stood at 15.55 ± 1.54 mm, with a minimal average of 14.03 ± 2.43 mm and a maximal average of 17.63 ± 1.82 mm. The ratio R1 (APD2/APD1) average was 0.80 ± 0.04, with a minimum of 0.76 ± 0.06 and a maximum of 0.85 ± 0.07. The ratio R2 (TD/IPD) average stood at 0.69 ± 0.14, with a minimum of 0.5 ± 0.12 and a maximum of 0.84 ± 0.08. The cervical spinal canal and the cervical spinal cord diameters in Togo are not significantly different from those described above.

Classification, mechanism and surgical treatments for spinal canal cysts

A variety of cystic lesions may develop in spinal canal. These cysts can be divided into intramedullary, intradural, extradural, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral cysts according to anatomical presentation, as well as arachnoid, meningeal, perineural, juxtafacet, discal, neurenteric cysts, and cyst-like lesions according to different etiologies. Mechanisms of initiation and growth vary for different cysts, such as congenital, trauma, bleeding, inflammatory, instability, hydrostatic pressure, osmosis of water, secretion of cyst wall, and one-way-valve effect, etc. Up to now, many treatment methods are available for these different spinal canal cysts. One operation method can be applied in cysts with different types. On the other hand, several operation methods may be utilized in one type of cyst according to the difference of location or style. However, same principle should be obeyed in surgical treatment despite of difference among spinal canal cysts, given open surgery is melely for symptomatic cyst. The surgical approach should be tailored to the individual patient.

Changes in neurological and pathological outcomes in a modified rat spinal cord injury model with closed canal

Most animal spinal cord injury models involve a laminectomy,such as the weight drop model or the transection model.However,in clinical practice,many patients undergo spinal cord injury while maintaining a relatively complete spinal canal.Thus,open spinal cord injury models often do not simulate real injuries,and few previous studies have investigated whether having a closed spinal canal after a primary spinal cord injury may influence secondary processes.Therefore,we aimed to assess the differences in neurological dysfunction and pathological changes between rat spinal cord injury models with closed and open spinal canals.Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups.In the sham group,the tunnel was expanded only,without inserting a screw into the spinal canal.In the spinal cord injury with open canal group,a screw was inserted into the spinal canal to cause spinal cord injury for 5 minutes,and then the screw was pulled out,leaving a hole in the vertebral plate.In the spinal cord injury with closed canal group,after inserting a screw into the spinal canal for 5 minutes,the screw was pulled out by approximately 1.5 mm and the flat end of the screw remained in the hole in the vertebral plate so that the spinal canal remained closed;this group was the modified model,which used a screw both to compress the spinal cord and to seal the spinal canal.At 7 days post-operation,the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale was used to measure changes in neurological outcomes.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to assess histopathology.To evaluate the degree of local secondary hypoxia,immunohistochemical staining and western blot assays were applied to detect the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).Compared with the spinal cord injury with open canal group,in the closed canal group the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores were lower,cell morphology was more irregular,the percentage of morphologically normal neurons was lower,the percentages of HIF-1α-and VEGF-immunoreactive cells were higher,and HIF-1αand VEGF protein expression was also higher.In conclusion,we successfully established a rat spinal cord injury model with closed canal.This model could result in more serious neurological dysfunction and histopathological changes than in open canal models.All experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committee of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,China(approval No.HKDL201810)on January 30,2018.

Leptomeningeal metastasis from central nervous system tumors: A study of classification and stage in the spinal canal of 58 patients

Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is caused by the spread of malignant tumor cells into the subarachnoid space.However,classification and staging of LM in the spinal canal is rare in the literature.The authors reviewed the records of 58 Chinese patients with LM for clinical features,neuroimaging,and treatments.Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and spinal cord were performed in all patients.Removal of intracranial tumors was performed in all patients and diagnoses were confirmed by histology.The study group consisted of 58 patients,with 29 cases presenting with intraspinal symptoms.Of the 58,8 patients underwent intraspinal tumor removal,8 received radiotherapy alone,9 received chemotherapy alone,and 34 patients received combined radiochemotherapy.We classified LM into 3 types:type L or leptomeninges LM,is subdivided into 2 subtypes (subtype LI and LII (a,b)),type N or nerve root LM is subdivided into 2 subtypes (subtype NI and NII (a,b)),and type M or mixed-type LM.We also divided LM into stages of I-IV according to the symptoms and the volume of the tumor based on spinal axial MRI.Type LI LM often occurs in patients with intracranial and intraspinal tumors found simultaneously.Patients who receive surgery for intracranial tumors may present with type N LM.Surgery is suitable for patients with NI LM and LIIb LM in stages III-IV,presenting with severe spinal symptoms.The prognosis is better for type N LM than type L LM.

Mechanical properties of nerve roots and rami radiculares isolated from fresh pig spinal cords

No reports have described experiments designed to determine the strength characteristics of spinal nerve roots and rami radiculares for the purpose of explaining the complexity of symptoms of medullary cone lesions and cauda equina syndrome. In this study, to explain the pathogenesis of cauda equina syndrome, monoaxial tensile tests were performed to determine the strength characteristics of spinal nerve roots and rami radiculares, and analysis was conducted to evaluate the stress-strain relationship and strength characteristics. Using the same tensile test device, the nerve root and ramus radiculares isolated from the spinal cords of pigs were subjected to the tensile test and stress relaxation test at load strain rates of 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 s-1 under identical settings. The tensile strength of the nerve root was not rate dependent, while the ramus radiculares tensile strength tended to decrease as the strain rate increased. These findings provide important insights into cauda equina symptoms, radiculopathy, and clinical symptoms of the medullary cone.

LUMBAR SPINAL STENOSIS: A REVIEW OF BIOMECHANICAL STUDIES

Objective. To investigate the biomechanical aspects of etiology,pathology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and surgical treatment of the lumbar spinal stenosis. Methods’ A series of biomechanical methods, such as three-dimensional finite element models. three-dimensional kinematic measurement, cadeveric evaluation, and imaging assessment was applied to correlate lumbar biomechanics and lumbar spinal stenosis. Surgery of lumbar spinal stenosis has been improved. Results. The stresses significantly concentrate on the posterolateral part of the annulus fibrosus of disc, the posterior surface of vertebral body, the pedicle, the interarticularis and the facet joints. This trend is intensified by disc degeneration and lumbar backward extension. Posterior element resection has a definite effect upon the biomechanical behavior of lumbar vertebrae. The improved operations proved satis- factory. Conclusion. Stress concentration in the lumbar vertebrae is of importance to the etiology of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, and disc degeneration is the initial key of this process. Then these will be aggravated by backward extension. Functional radiography and myelography are of assistance to the diagnosis o f the lumbar spinal stenosis. For the surgical treatment of the lumbar spinal stenosis, destruction of the posterior element should be avoid as far as possible based upon the thorough decompression. Maintaining the lumbar spine in flexion by fusion after decompression has been proved a useful method. When developmental spinal stenosis is combined with disc herniation, discectomy through laminotomy is recommend for decompression.

Interspinous Process Implants Causes Wear of the Spinous Processes in Patients Treated for Spinal Stenosis—An Experimental Biomechanical Study with Comparison to Clinical Cases

There are few biomechanical studies on Interspinous Process Implants (IPD);however none investigate the amount of wear on spinous processes. Therefore the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of repetitive loading of the IPD Aperius on the spinous processes in a biomechanical porcine model. For comparison, three patients treated surgically with the same device have been followed for one to two years clinically and with image analyses (X-rays, MRI, CT-scans). Four lumbar spines from 6 months old porcine were divided into seven segments, which received IPD. The segments were exposed to 20,000 cyclical loads. Afterwards the deformation (wear) of the segments was registered. The wear of the spinous processes was measured in mm on a following CT-scan. Additionally, the wear of the ex-vivo was compared to that of the spinous processes investigated by CT-scans or X-ray in three patients treated surgically with the same interspinous implant. The mean maximal deformation of porcine specimens was 1.79 mm (SD 0.25) with the largest deformation occurring in the first quarter of the loading (<5000 cycles). The mean wear of the spinous processes after loading was 6.57 mm. A similar level of wear (mean 12.7 mm) of the spinous processes was detected in the patients. The Aperius IPD creates significant wear on the spinous processes in an experimental biomechanical study. Similar wear of the spinous processes is also present in patients treated with the same device post-operatively. How these findings influence the short and long term result of this implant device remains to be investigated in further biomechanical as well as clinical studies. For future development of this type of devices a proper selection of materials and design is essential to minimize wear effects on the spinous processes and thereby increases the possibilities for the devices to function as suggested.

Radiographic measurement of morphological abnormalities in thoracolumbar burst fractures: relationship with spinal cord lesion

Objective:To investigate the relationship between morphological abnormalities and spinal cord deficit in thoracolumbar burst fractures. Methods: Seventy-eight patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures were retrospectively reviewed to calculate the stenotic ratio of spinal canal based on the midsagittal diameters and the hyphosis angle according to Cobb. The ASIA scoring of motor function of lower extremities was recorded . Results: The differences (P > 0.05) of the stenotic ratio of spinal canal and the kyphosis angle were not significant between patients without neurological deficit, with incomplete and complete lesions. No significant correlation(P > 0.05) between the stenotic ratio of spinal canal and the kyphosis angle, and ASIA scoring was noted. Conclusion:The severity of spinal cord injuries in thoracolumbar burst fractures is not predicted according to the percentage of canal stenosis or the degree of kyphesis induced by thoracolumbar burst fractures.

椎管内肿瘤术后患者早期功能康复相关影响因素分析

目的:探讨椎管内肿瘤术后患者早期功能康复相关影响因素,提高临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2018年12月至2022年11月我院80例椎管内肿瘤患者临床资料,其中男性39例,女性41例,年龄25~73岁,平均年龄(51.33±11.71)岁。利用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析,首先对所有变量按相应检验方法进行单因素分析,再将单因素分析统计中有显著性差异(P<0.05)的指标进行多因素Logistic回归分析,得出可能影响椎管内肿瘤术后患者早期功能康复的独立危险因素。结果:单因素分析显示,视觉模拟(VAS)评分(P=0.042)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)(P=0.046)、营养状况(P=0.019)、内固定物(P=0.000)、手术方式(P=0.000)、脑脊液漏(P=0.033)、椎管内肿瘤部位(P=0.000)、留置管路(P=0.044)、脊神经功能(P=0.049)、糖尿病(P=0.048)、肢体肌力(P=0.002)差异均有统计学意义;Logistic回归分析显示,VAS评分(P=0.039)、ODI(P=0.025)、内固定物(P=0.016)、手术方式(P=0.037)、椎管内肿瘤部位(P=0.004)、留置管路(P=0.028)、脊神经功能(P=0.049)差异均有统计学意义。结论:VAS评分、ODI、营养状况、内固定物、手术方式、脑脊液漏、椎管内肿瘤部位、留置管路、脊神经功能、糖尿病、肢体肌力均为椎管内肿瘤术后患者早期功能康复的影响因素;其中VAS评分、ODI、内固定物、手术方式、椎管内肿瘤部位、留置管路、脊神经功能为该类患者早期功能康复的独立影响因素。

床旁超声评估早期新生儿的脊髓和椎管发育

目的探讨床旁超声在早期新生儿脊髓和椎管发育中的临床价值。方法收集2022年1月—8月兰州大学第二医院125例新生儿的临床资料,包括母亲的分娩次数、分娩方式、新生儿的胎龄、性别、出生天数、身高、体重、头围、胸围,并用床旁超声测量颈、胸、腰椎脊髓和椎管前后径。按其胎龄分为早产儿组(32~36^(+6)周,30例)、早期足月儿组(37~38^(+6)周,39例)和完全足月儿组(39~40^(+6)周,56例)。比较脊髓和椎管前后径的组间差异及与临床资料的相关性,进一步观察脊髓和椎管前后径随胎龄变化的规律。结果完全足月儿组、早期足月儿组的脊髓和椎管前后径均大于早产儿组(P<0.05)。早期新生儿的脊髓和椎管前后径与胎龄、身高、体重、头围、胸围呈正相关,尤其早产儿组与胎龄明显相关(P<0.05)。脊髓和椎管发育无性别差异。结论床旁超声可以显示早期新生儿的脊髓和椎管前后径随胎龄而变化,其参考值将有助于评估新生儿的脊髓损伤。

显微镜辅助椎间盘切除融合内固定术对局限型后纵韧带骨化症的疗效研究

目的探析局限型后纵韧带骨化症(OPLL)患者接受显微镜下椎间盘切除融合内固定术(ACDF)治疗的近期与远期疗效情况。方法回顾性选取2020年2月—2022年2月收治的局限型OPLL患者105例,按照ACDF治疗过程中是否辅助使用显微镜分为显微镜组56例和常规组49例,观察围术期指标、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、健康调查评估量表(SF-36)评分、椎管最狭窄处椎管面积与脊髓前后径、颈椎活动度、椎间隙高度、关节功能[日本骨科医师协会评分(JOA)颈椎病评分及颈部障碍指数(NDI)]及并发症风险。结果显微镜组平均手术时间(141.85±18.35)min、平均住院时间(10.18±1.58)d短于常规组的(159.46±21.42)min、(12.03±1.82)d,显微镜组术中平均出血量(80.65±7.28)mL少于常规组的(103.52±10.43)mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);显微镜组术后6个月VAS评分(2.82±0.53)分、SF-36评分(79.56±5.68)分优于常规组的(3.51±0.60)、(72.35±4.77)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);显微镜组与常规组在术后椎管面积、脊髓前后径上比较[(138.24±24.32)mm^(2)与(123.62±18.74)mm^(2),(5.42±0.46)mm与(4.73±0.51)mm],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);显微镜组与常规组在术后6个月颈椎活动度上比较[(25.21±3.37)°与(28.65±3.56)°],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);显微镜组并发症发生率为5.36%,低于常规组的18.37%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);显微镜组与常规组JOA、NDI评分在时间、组间和交互效应上比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论局限型OPLL患者实施ACDF治疗过程中借助显微镜提供清晰视野,并对骨化灶采用磨钻磨除、打薄处理,能更有效地解除脊髓压迫,改善近期疼痛和关节功能状况,降低脊髓损伤等并发症风险。

胸腰段椎管硬膜外囊肿显微手术中尾端技术应用(附12例分析)

目的:探究显微镜下胸腰段椎管内硬膜外脊膜囊肿(spinal extradural meningeal cysts,SEMC)瘘口修补结合囊肿尾端技术处理的疗效和临床应用的可推广性。方法:回顾经电生理监测显微手术胸腰段SEMC瘘口修补结合囊肿尾端技术(切除囊肿尾端囊袋、囊肿尾端与正常硬脊膜交界处微小切口贯通脑脊液后常规缝合)的12例患者资料,结合文献传统手术方法进行分析。结果:平均随访14个月期间影像学囊肿完全消失9例,大部分消失1例,椎间孔内侧残留囊肿2例,无1例存在硬膜囊受压表现,无复发病例。术前腰背痛和/或下肢痛11例,出院时疼痛缓解或消失,随访3个月后疼痛改变与出院时比较差异无统计学意义。患者下肢无力及排尿功能障碍逐渐恢复,术后未出现新的神经功能缺失。椎板棘突解剖复位良好、无椎管狭窄和畸形病例。结论:电生理监测显微手术胸腰段SEMC瘘口修补结合囊肿尾端技术可以有效解决活瓣问题,闭合囊肿,无明显并发症,临床可行。

单边双通道内镜与Delta大通道内镜技术治疗L5/S1椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨Delta大通道内镜技术与单边双通道内镜技术(unilateral biportal endoscopy, UBE)治疗L5/S1单节段椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年8月手术治疗的60例L5/S1单节段腰椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄患者的临床资料,其中32例采用Delta大通道内镜技术行经皮椎板间入路内镜下椎间盘切除术(Delta内镜组),28例采用UBE内镜技术行椎管减压髓核摘除术(UBE组)。比较两组围手术期指标、腰腿痛VAS评分、 ODI及并发症情况,末次随访时按Macnab标准评价疗效。结果 两组患者均顺利完成手术。Delta内镜组术中出血量少于UBE组,手术时间、住院时间短于UBE组(P<0.001)。两组患者术后腰腿痛VAS评分及ODI均较术前明显降低,且Delta内镜组术后3 d腰痛VAS评分及术后1月腿痛VAS评分均低于UBE组(P<0.05)。术后随访6个月,末次随访按Macnab标准评价疗效:Delta内镜组优30例,可2例,优良率为93.75%;UBE组优27例,可1例,优良率为96.43%;组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Delta内镜组硬膜撕裂1例,因撕裂处较小仅严密缝合手术切口;UBE组出现腿部疼痛加重1例。结论 Delta大通道内镜技术与UBE治疗L5/S1单节段椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄均可获得良好的近期效果,但Delta内镜手术术中出血少,软组织损伤小,操作时间短,术后短期疼痛缓解明显,患者恢复快,而UBE适应证范围相对广泛。

单侧双通道与单通道脊柱内镜下手术治疗腰椎管狭窄症的Meta分析

目的:通过Meta分析比较单侧双通道脊柱内镜(unilateral biportal endoscopy,UBE)与单通道脊柱内镜(uniportal endoscopy,UE)治疗腰椎管狭窄症(lumbar spinal stenosis,LSS)的疗效。方法:检索PubMed、Cochrane Libmry、Web of science、Embase、Medline、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据(WanFang)、维普(VIP)数据库中关于UBE和UE下手术治疗LSS的临床对照研究文献,检索时限为自数据库建库至2024年5月,采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华(Newcastle-Ottawa scale,NOS)对纳入的研究进行质量评价。按手术方法分为UBE组和UE组。提取纳入研究的结局指标数据,包括术后腰痛及腿痛的视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)、手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、并发症、硬膜囊面积,通过Review Manager 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入15篇文献,1篇前瞻队列性研究,14篇回顾性研究,NOS评价均为中高质量。总样本量1277例,其中UBE组患者650例,UE组患者627例。Meta分析结果显示,UEB组和UE组手术时间有统计学差异,UBE组手术时间较UE组短[MD=-12.30,95%CI(-20.90,-3.71),P=0.005];在术中失血量[MD=7.41,95%CI(-0.55,15.31),P=0.07]、住院时间[MD=0.02,95%CI(-0.09,0.14),P=0.71]、术后背部疼痛VAS评分[MD=-0.22,95%CI(-0.45,0.02),P=0.07]、术后疼痛下肢VAS评分[MD=-0.18,95%CI(0.39,0.02),P=0.08]、术后ODI[MD=-0.91,95%CI(-2.22,0.39),P=0.17]、术后并发症发生率[OR=0.75,95%CI(0.46,1.24),P=0.27]、术前硬膜囊面积[MD=0.37,95%CI(-3.18,2.44),P=0.80]等方面的差异均无统计学意义;UBE组术后硬膜囊面积扩张显著性大于UE组[MD=-12.51,95%CI(7.44,17.59),P<0.00001]。结论:UBE及UE下手术治疗LSS均可取得显著临床疗效,在手术时间、椎管减压程度方面,UBE较UE更加有优势。