Introduction: The evaluation of academic stress in medical students and residents is a topic of significant interest, given the considerable challenges they face during their learning process with traditional teaching...Introduction: The evaluation of academic stress in medical students and residents is a topic of significant interest, given the considerable challenges they face during their learning process with traditional teaching methods. The use of technologies like virtual reality presents an opportunity to enhance their skills through simulations and training. The main objective of this study is to qualitatively assess the stress levels experienced by medical students and residents by integrating virtual reality into their current learning methods, aiming to improve their ability to manage stressors in their practice. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was conducted with 12 medical students and 12 Traumatology and orthopedics residents. The purpose of the questionnaire was to evaluate the levels of academic stress using the SISCO inventory. The stress levels were calculated by transforming average values into percentages, and the following criteria were assigned: 0 to 33% for Mild Stress, 34 to 66% for Moderate Stress, and 67 to 100% for Deep Stress. Then, a virtual reality class focused on spine surgery was provided. Both medical students and residents were trained using the Non Nocere SharpSurgeon software platform and Oculus Quest 2 virtual reality glasses. At the end of the session, a second questionnaire related to the practice with virtual reality was conducted with the same evaluation criteria and a comparative analysis was carried out. Results: 12 undergraduate students from Hospital Angeles Mexico, CDMX and 12 traumatology and orthopedics residents at Hospital Santa Fe, Bogota were evaluated. The students in CDMX reported an average qualitative stress of 28.50% during habitual practices, which decreased to an average of 14.67% after virtual reality practice. Residents in Bogotá experienced an average qualitative stress of 30.50% with their current learning methods but this reduced to an average of 13.92% after using virtual reality. These findings indicate that the use of virtual reality has a positive impact on reducing stress levels qualitatively. Conclusions: The use of virtual reality as a learning method for medical students and residents qualitatively improves stress levels. Further studies are required to define the potential uses of Virtual Reality to improve learning methods and emotional state in medical students and residents and for a quantitative assessment to validate the training as certified learning methods.展开更多
Across many of the surgical specialties,the use of minimally invasive techniques that utilize indirect visualization has been increasingly replacing traditional techniques which utilize direct visualization.Arthroscop...Across many of the surgical specialties,the use of minimally invasive techniques that utilize indirect visualization has been increasingly replacing traditional techniques which utilize direct visualization.Arthroscopic surgery of the appendicular skeleton has evolved dramatically and become an integral part of musculoskeletal surgery over the last several decades,allowing surgeons to achieve similar or better outcomes,while reducing cost and recovery time.However,to date,the axial skeleton,with its close proximity to critical neural and vascular structures,has not adopted endoscopic techniques at as rapid of a rate.Over the past decade,increased patient demand for less invasive spine surgery combined with surgeon desire to meet these demands has driven significant evolution and innovation in endoscopic spine surgery.In addition,there has been an enormous advancement in technologies that assist in navigation and automation that help surgeons circumvent limitations of direct visualization inherent to less invasive techniques.There are currently a multitude of endoscopic techniques and approaches that can be utilized in the treatment of spine disorders,many of which are evolving rapidly.Here we present a review of the field of endoscopic spine surgery,including the background,techniques,applications,current trends,and future directions,to help providers gain a better understanding of this growing modality in spine surgery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery usually suffer severe pain in the postoperative period.The erector spinae plane block(ESPB),first published in 2016,can anesthetize the ventral and dorsal rami of th...BACKGROUND Patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery usually suffer severe pain in the postoperative period.The erector spinae plane block(ESPB),first published in 2016,can anesthetize the ventral and dorsal rami of thoracic nerves and produce an extensive multi-dermatomal sensory block.AIM To assess whether bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB at a lower thoracic level could improve pain control and quality of recovery in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.METHODS A total of 60 patients aged 18-80 years scheduled to undergo lumbar spine surgery with general anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups:ESPB group(preoperative bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB at T10 vertebral level)and control group(no preoperative ESPB).Both groups received standard general anesthesia.The main indicator was the duration to the first patient controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)bolus.RESULTS In the ESPB group,the duration to the first PCIA bolus was significantly longer than that in the control group(h)[8.0(4.5,17.0)vs 1.0(0.5,6),P<0.01],and resting and coughing numerical rating scale(NRS)scores at 48 h post operation were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding resting and coughing NRS scores at 24 h post operation.Sufentanil consumption during the operation was significantly lower in the ESPB group than in the control group(P<0.01),while there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding morphine consumption at 24 or 48 h post operation.In the ESPB group,Modified Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation score within 20 min after extubation was higher and duration in the post-anesthesia care unit was shorter than those in the control group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION In patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery,ultrasound-guided ESPB at a lower thoracic level improves the analgesic effect,reduces opioid consumption,and improves postoperative recovery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Few reports have described lumbar foraminal stenosis-induced radiculopathy after treatment by full-endoscopic spine surgery(FESS)combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)in patients with vertebral comp...BACKGROUND Few reports have described lumbar foraminal stenosis-induced radiculopathy after treatment by full-endoscopic spine surgery(FESS)combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)in patients with vertebral compression fractures.We herein report such a case,including the patient’s treatment process and doctor’s surgical experience.CASE SUMMARY A 79-year-old man presented with symptoms of radiculopathy after sustaining L4 vertebral compression fractures.Imaging and physical examination revealed L4 vertebral compression fractures combined with L3/4 Lumbar foraminal stenosis(LFS).The patient’s symptoms were low back pain with pain in the lateral left leg.Although many reports have described radiculopathy induced by osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,the use of FESS combined with PVP has rarely been reported.This case report indicates that the combination of FESS and PVP is a safe and effective approach for the treatment of LFS-induced radiculopathy after vertebral compression fractures.This minimally invasive technique has great potential to replace traditional lumbar fixation and decompression surgery.Thus,we suggest the continued accumulation of similar cases to discuss the wider application of FESS.CONCLUSION For patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF)and LFS,PVP and FESS can be used to restore the vertebral height and reduce the pressure around the intervertebral foramen.Additionally,the combination of FESS and PVP can treat the pain or numbness of the low back and lower limbs and allow for recovery in a short time with excellent postoperative effects.In general,FESS is a good treatment for radiculopathy caused by foraminal stenosis after OVCF.展开更多
Introduction: While autograft bone is the gold standard for multilevel posterolateral lumbar fusion, bone substitutes and graft extenders such as allograft bone, ceramics and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) have been ...Introduction: While autograft bone is the gold standard for multilevel posterolateral lumbar fusion, bone substitutes and graft extenders such as allograft bone, ceramics and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) have been used to avoid the morbidity and insufficient quantity associated with harvesting autologous bone. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to determine whether, in patients with increased risk of operative nonunion related to multilevel fusion, adding DBM fibers to mineralized bone allograft resulted in better fusion than using allograft alone. The secondary objectives were to evaluate how adding DBM fibers affects functional disability, low back pain, intraoperative blood loss and the nonunion rate. Methods: This retrospective study involved a chart review of consecutive patients who underwent multilevel lumbar spinal fusion and were operated on by a single surgeon. The patients were divided into two groups: 14 patients received mineralized bone allograft (control group) and 14 patients received a combination of mineralized bone allograft and DBM (experimental group). Patients were reviewed at a mean of 16.4 ± 2.2 months after surgery at which point CT scans were analyzed to determine whether fusion had occurred;Oswestry disability index (ODI) and pain were also evaluated. Results: A mean of 5 levels [min 2, max 13] were fused in these patients. Posterolateral fusion as defined by the Lenke classification was not significantly different between groups. The experimental DBM group had a significantly better composite fusion score than the control group (P Discussion: Adding DBM fibers to allograft bone during multilevel posterolateral spinal fusion was safe and produced better composite fusion than using allograft only as an autograft extender.展开更多
Background Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) has been widely recognized as one of the main causes of thoracic spinal canal stenosis and thoracic myelopathy.Decompression is the only effective strategy for ...Background Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) has been widely recognized as one of the main causes of thoracic spinal canal stenosis and thoracic myelopathy.Decompression is the only effective strategy for treating thoracic myelopathy caused by OLF.The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical outcomes of computer-assisted minimally invasive spine surgery (CAMISS) for posterior decompression in patients with thoracic myelopathy caused by OLF.Methods In all cases,the surgical procedure was performed with the assistance of an intraoperative three-dimensional navigation system.Decompression of the spinal cord was performed with a high-speed drill; the supraspinal ligaments and spinous process were partially preserved.The outcomes were evaluated by a modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring system and recovery rates.Results The mean duration of follow-up for the 14 cases was 3.9 years.All patients experienced neurological recovery,the mean JOA score improving from 6.1 points preoperatively to 8.6 points at final follow-up and the mean rate of recovery being 52.7% (excellent in two cases,good in eight,fair in three,and unchanged in one).Conclusion CAMISS is a safe and effective procedure for resection of the OLF in the thoracic spine.展开更多
Background Spine surgery using computer-assisted navigation (CAN) has been proven to result in low screw misplacement rates, low incidence of radiation exposure and excellent operative field viewing versus the conve...Background Spine surgery using computer-assisted navigation (CAN) has been proven to result in low screw misplacement rates, low incidence of radiation exposure and excellent operative field viewing versus the conventional intraoperative image intensifier (CⅢ). However, as we know, few previous studies have described the learning curve of CAN in spine surgery.Methods We performed two consecutive case cohort studies on pedicel screw accuracy and operative time of two spine surgeons with different experience backgrounds, A and B, in one institution during the same period. Lumbar pedicel screw cortical perforation rate and operative time of the same kind of operation using CAN were analyzed and compared using CⅢ for the two surgeons at initial, 6 months and 12 months of CAN usage.Results CAN spine surgery had an overall lower cortical perforation rate and less mean operative time compared with CⅢ for both surgeon A and B cohorts when total cases of four years were included. It missed being statistically significant,with 3.3% versus 4.7% (P=0.191) and 125.7 versus 132.3 minutes (P=0.428) for surgeon A and 3.6% versus 6.4%(P=0.058), and 183.2 versus 213.2 minutes (P=0.070) for surgeon B. in an attempt to demonstrate the learning curve,the cases after 6 months of the CAN system in each surgeon's cohort were compared. The perforation rate decreased by 2.4% (P=0.039) and 4.3% (P=0.003) and the operative time was reduced by 31.8 minutes (P=0.002) and 14.4 minutes (P=0.026) for the CAN groups of surgeons A and B, respectively. When only the cases performed after 12 months using the CAN system were considered, the perforation rate decreased by 3.9% (P=0.006) and 5.6% (P 〈0.001) and the operative time was reduced by 20.9 minutes (P 〈0.001) and 40.3 minutes (P 〈0.001) for the CAN groups of surgeon A and B, respectively.Conclusions In the long run, CAN spine surgery decreased the lumbar screw cortical perforation rate and operative time. The learning curve showed a sharp drop after 6 months of using CAN that plateaued after 12 months; which was demonstrated by both perforation rate and operative time data. Careful analysis of the data showed CAN is especially useful for less experienced surgeon to reduce perforation rate and intraoperative time, although further comparative studies are anticipated.展开更多
Objective: Conventional open spinal surgery of adult scoliosis can be performed from anterior, posterior, or combined approach. Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) was developed for the purpose of reducing the ...Objective: Conventional open spinal surgery of adult scoliosis can be performed from anterior, posterior, or combined approach. Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) was developed for the purpose of reducing the undesirable effects and complications. This review aimed to make a brief summary of recent studies of the approach and clinical outcomes of MISS in adult scoliosis. Data Sources: We conducted a systematic search from PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and other literature databases to collect reports of surgical methods and clinical outcomes of MISS in treatment of adult scoliosis. Those reports were published up to March 2017 with the following key terms: &quot;minimally invasive,&quot; &quot;spine,&quot; &quot;surgery,&quot; and &quot;scoliosis.&quot;Study Selection: The inclusion criteria of the articles were as followings: diagnosed with adult degenerative scoliosis (DS) or adult idiopathic scoliosis; underwent MISS or open surgery; with follow-up data. The articles involving patients with congenital scoliosis or unknown type were excluded and those without any follow-up data were also excluded from the study. The initial search yielded 233 articles. After title and abstract extraction, 29 English articles were selected for full-text review. Of those, 20 studies with 831 patients diagnosed with adult DS or adult idiopathic scoliosis were reviewed. Seventeen were retrospective studies, and three were prospective studies. Results: The surgical technique reported in these articles was direct or extreme lateral interbody fusion, axial lumbar interbody fusion, and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Among the clinical outcomes of these studies, the operated levels was 3–7, operative time was 2.3–8.5 h. Both the Cobb angle of coronal major curve and evaluation of Oswestry Disability Index and Visual Analog Scale decreased after surgery. There were 323 complications reported in the 831 (38.9%) patients, including 150 (18.1%) motor or sensory deficits, and 111 (13.4%) implant-related complications. Conclusions: MISS can provide good radiological and self-evaluation improvement in treatment of adult scoliosis. More prospective studies will be needed before it is widely used.展开更多
Spinal surgery is a technically demanding and challenging procedure because of the complicated anatomical structures of the spine and its proximity to several important tissues.Surgical landmarks and fluoroscopy have ...Spinal surgery is a technically demanding and challenging procedure because of the complicated anatomical structures of the spine and its proximity to several important tissues.Surgical landmarks and fluoroscopy have been used for pedicle screw insertion but are found to produce inaccuracies in placement.Improving the safety and accuracy of spinal surgery has increasingly become a clinical concern.Computerassisted navigation is an extension and application of precision medicine in orthopaedic surgery and has significantly improved the accuracy of spinal surgery.However,no clinical guidelines have been published for this relatively new and fast-growing technique,thus potentially limiting its adoption.In accordance with the consensus of consultant specialists,literature reviews,and our local experience,these guidelines include the basic concepts of the navigation system,workflow of navigation-assisted spinal surgery,some common pitfalls,and recommended solutions.This work helps to standardize navigation-assisted spinal surgery,improve its clinical efficiency and precision,and shorten the clinical learning curve.展开更多
Background: The ExcelsiusGPS?(Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA) is a next-generation spine surgery robotic system recently approved for use in the United States. The objective of the current study is to assess pedicl...Background: The ExcelsiusGPS?(Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA) is a next-generation spine surgery robotic system recently approved for use in the United States. The objective of the current study is to assess pedicle screw accuracy and clinical outcomes among two of the first operative cases utilizing the ExcelsiusGPS?robotic system and describe a novel metric to quantify screw deviation. Methods: Two patients who underwent lumbar fusion at a single institution with the ExcelsiusGPS?surgical robot were included. Pre-operative trajectory planning was performed from an intra-operative CT scan using the O-arm (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN). After robotic-assisted screw implantation, a post-operative CT scan was obtained to confirm ideal screw placement and accuracy with the planned trajectory. A novel pedicle screw accuracy algorithm was devised to measure screw tip/tail deviation distance and angular offset on axial and sagittal planes. Screw accuracy was concurrently determined by a blinded neuroradiologist using the traditional Gertzbein-Robbins method. Clinical variables such as symptomatology, operative data, and post-operative follow-up were also collected. Results: Eight pedicle screws were placed in two L4-L5 fusion cases. Mean screw tip deviation was 2.1 mm (range 0.8-5.2 mm), mean tail deviation was 3.2 mm (range 0.9-5.4 mm), and mean angular offset was 2.4 degrees (range 0.7-3.8 degrees). All eight screws were accurately placed based on the Gertzbein-Robbins scale (88% Grade A and 12% Grade B). There were no cases of screw revision or new post-operative deficit. Both patients experienced improvement in Frankel grade and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score by 6 weeks post-op. Conclusion: The ExcelsiusGPS? robot allows for precise execution of an intended pre-planned trajectory and accurate screw placement in the first patients to undergo robotic-assisted fusion with this technology.展开更多
BACKGROUND The combined anterior/posterior approach appears to be capable of reconstructing spinal stability,correcting thoracolumbar deformity,and promoting neural recovery in severe thoracolumbar fracture dislocatio...BACKGROUND The combined anterior/posterior approach appears to be capable of reconstructing spinal stability,correcting thoracolumbar deformity,and promoting neural recovery in severe thoracolumbar fracture dislocation.However,this type of operation requires changing the body position during the procedure,resulting in a lengthy operation time.As a universal surgical robot,TINAVI robot has achieved good surgical results in clinical surgery.But to our knowledge,no reports describing TINAVI robot-assisted single lateral position anteroposterior surgery for thoracolumbar fracture dislocation.CASE SUMMARY We describe a case of a 16-year-old female patient with severe thoracolumbar fracture and dislocation underwent surgery assisted by the TINAVI robot.A onestage combined anterior and posterior operation was performed on a severe thoracolumbar fracture dislocation using the TINAVI robot,and the operation was completed in right lateral position.CONCLUSION The TINAVI robot-assisted one-stage anterior and posterior surgery in right lateral position for severe thoracolumbar fracture and dislocation is both safe and effective.展开更多
Objective:Robotic-assisted spine surgeries(RASS)have been shown to enhance precision,reduce operative time,prevent complications,facilitate minimally invasive spinal surgery,and decrease revision surgery rates,leading...Objective:Robotic-assisted spine surgeries(RASS)have been shown to enhance precision,reduce operative time,prevent complications,facilitate minimally invasive spinal surgery,and decrease revision surgery rates,leading to improved patient outco mes This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of RAs's and non-robotic-assisted surgery for degenerative spine disease at a single center.Me thods:This retrospective study,including 122 patients,was conducted at a single center from March 2015 to February 2022.Patients who underwent ro bot-assisted surgery were assigned to the robotgroup,and patients who underwent non-robotic-assisted surgery were assigned to the non-mmbot group.Various data,indluding demographic information,surgical details,outcomes,and cost-effectiveness,were colected for both groups.The cost-effectiveness was determined using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER),and subgroup analysis was conducted for patients with 1 or 2 levels of spi-nal instrumentation.The analysis was performed using STATA SE version 15 and Tree.Age Pro 2020,with Monte Caro simulations for the cost-effectiveness acceptability curve.Results The owerallICER was$22,572,but it decreased to$16,980 when considering cases with only 1or 2 levels of instrumentation.RASS is deemed cost-effective when the willi ingness to pay is$3000-$4000 if less than 2 levels of the spine are instrumented.Conchsions:The cost-effectiveness of robot icassistance be comes apparent whenthere isa reduced need for open surgeries,leading to decreased d revision rates caused by complications such as misplaced screwsor infctions.Therefore,it is advisable to allocate healthcare budget resou Irces to spine robots,as RASS PIDves to be cost-effective,partic cularly when only two or Ewer spinal levels require instrumentation.展开更多
Objective To evaluate short-teerm clinical and radiographic results of a novel expandable pedicle screw instrumentation combined with cement augmentation in surgery for severely osteoporotic spine.Methods From October...Objective To evaluate short-teerm clinical and radiographic results of a novel expandable pedicle screw instrumentation combined with cement augmentation in surgery for severely osteoporotic spine.Methods From October 2006 to October展开更多
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PETD combined with nerve root water imaging of MRI for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 62 pat...Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PETD combined with nerve root water imaging of MRI for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 62 patients with lumbar disc herniation from March 2019 to March 2021. The study included an experimental group of 30 patients and a control group of 32 patients. The experimental group underwent PETD combined with nerve root water imaging of MRI, while the control group received traditional PETD treatment. The visual analogue scoring method (VAS score), and JOA lumbar spine function score before and after surgery were compared between the two groups, and efficacy was assessed and compared using the MacNab score. Results: The mean operation time was significantly reduced in the experimental group (56.43 ±10.40 minutes) compared to the control group (65.69 ±14.12 minutes). The VAS score was compared between the two groups with preoperative (p = 0.624), one month after surgery (p = 0.325), three months after surgery (p = 0.676), one year after surgery (p = 0.341);The JOA score was compared between the two groups with preoperative (p = 0.961), one month after the surgery (p = 0.266), three months after surgery (p = 0.185), one year after surgery (p = 0.870), they were no significant statistical difference;The efficacy evaluation of the last follow-up Macnab showed that all the 30 patients in the experimental group were excellent, 31 of 32 patients in the control group were excellent, 1 case was good;There was no statistical difference in the comparison between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study concludes that the combined approach of PETD with nerve root water imaging of MRI is a safe, effective, and more efficient alternative to conventional PETD for treating lumbar disc herniation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Surgery is often indicated for patients with massively prolapsed intervertebral disc herniation.The interlaminar endoscopic spine system(iLESSYS)Delta 6-mm working channel endoscope has advantages over othe...BACKGROUND Surgery is often indicated for patients with massively prolapsed intervertebral disc herniation.The interlaminar endoscopic spine system(iLESSYS)Delta 6-mm working channel endoscope has advantages over other systems.The aim of this study was to explore the benefits and complications of using the iLESSYS Delta for the treatment of massively prolapsed intervertebral disc herniation.AIM To explore the clinical benefits of treating massively prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc herniation with the iLESSYS Delta endoscope.METHODS In this study,the data of 37 patients who underwent surgery with the iLESSYS Delta endoscope at The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were retrospectively analyzed.Intraoperative blood loss,operation time,and complications were collected.The visual analog scale(VAS),oswestry disability index(ODI),and modified MacNab criteria were determined before and at 1 d,3 mo,and 6 mo after surgery.RESULTS The mean intraoperative blood loss was 20.4±1.2 mL.The mean operation time was 97.3±12.4 min.The VAS scores for leg and back pain decreased from 68.0±7.3,34.4±8.5 before operation to 2.5±1.7,5.5±1.9 at 6 mo after surgery,respectively.The ODI also decreased from 60.2±7.3 to 17.9±3.4 at 6 mo after surgery.The improvement rate of the MacNab score was 86.4%,which was considered excellent.No spinal dural injury,nerve root injury,secondary protrusion of intervertebral disc,or myeloid hypertension was found during follow-up.CONCLUSION The iLESSYS Delta 6-mm working channel endoscope has several advantages in terms of clinical and functional benefits,complications,and low risk of residual vertebral pulp in treating patients with massively prolapsed intervertebral disc herniation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Multilevel artificial cervical disc replacement and anterior hybrid surgery have been introduced as reliable treatments for multilevel cervical degenerative disc disease.Surgical techniques are important fo...BACKGROUND Multilevel artificial cervical disc replacement and anterior hybrid surgery have been introduced as reliable treatments for multilevel cervical degenerative disc disease.Surgical techniques are important for resolving patients’symptoms and maintaining the normal functioning of cervical implants.However,the use of inappropriate surgical strategies could lead to complications such as implant migration and neurological deficit.In this paper,we summarize our surgical strategies used in multilevel cervical disc replacement and hybrid surgery into five major notes.CASE SUMMARY We share the key notes and our surgical procedures in the form of four typical case presentations.All patients were diagnosed with cervical degenerative disc disease with myelopathy or radiculopathy and needed multilevel cervical spine surgery.The first case demonstrated that index levels indicating the presence of highly serious spinal cord compression required a prioritized decompression.The second case demonstrated that the disc replacement should be performed before fusion in cervical hybrid surgery.The third and forth cases demonstrated that a top-down implantation sequence was needed in continuous two-level cervical disc replacement.The symptoms of all patients were significantly relieved after surgery.CONCLUSION We hope that our surgical strategies can help improve the performance and outcomes of multilevel cervical spine surgery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Osteochondromas are the most common benign bone tumor,accounting for 36%of benign bone tumors.Often found within the appendicular skeleton,osteochondromas of the spine are rare,comprising 4%to 7%of primary ...BACKGROUND Osteochondromas are the most common benign bone tumor,accounting for 36%of benign bone tumors.Often found within the appendicular skeleton,osteochondromas of the spine are rare,comprising 4%to 7%of primary benign spinal tumors.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a solitary lumbar osteochondroma in an 18-year-old male with a history of a suprasellar pineal germinoma treated with combined chemotherapy and radiation.He underwent mass excision and partial laminectomy with the ultrasonic bone scalpel(Misonix,Farmingdale,NY,United States)at the L5 Level without the use of adjuvants.The patient returned to work and full activities without back pain at 3 mo postoperatively.CONCLUSION Osteochondromas are common tumors of the appendicular skeleton but rarely occur within the spine.This case discussion supplements current osteochondroma literature by describing an unusual presentation of this tumor.展开更多
BACKGROUND Deep venous thrombosis(DVT)is a serious complication of lumbar spine surgery.Current guidelines recommend pharmacomechanical prophylaxis for patients at high risk of DVT after spine surgery.May-Thurner synd...BACKGROUND Deep venous thrombosis(DVT)is a serious complication of lumbar spine surgery.Current guidelines recommend pharmacomechanical prophylaxis for patients at high risk of DVT after spine surgery.May-Thurner syndrome(MTS),a venous anatomical variation that may require invasive intervention,is an often overlooked cause of DVT.To date,no case reports of symptomatic MTS caused by isthmic spondylolisthesis or subsequent acute DVT after posterior lumbar surgery have been published.CASE SUMMARY We here present a case of a patient who developed acute DVT 4 h after spondylolisthesis surgery,and MTS was only considered after surgery,during a review of a gynecological enhanced computed tomography image taken before the procedure.CONCLUSION In conclusion,clinicians should consider MTS in the presence of a dangerous triad:spondylolisthesis,elevated D-dimer levels,and sonographically indicated unilateral deep vein dilation.Consultation with a vascular surgeon is also essential to MTS management.展开更多
BACKGROUND All surgical specialties have been influenced by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and substantial changes have been determined in medical assistance,especially in elective surgery.Several spin...BACKGROUND All surgical specialties have been influenced by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and substantial changes have been determined in medical assistance,especially in elective surgery.Several spine societies have published recommendations to provide optimal care during this unique situation.AIM To discuss the recommendations by many spine societies for the management of spinal diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.METHODS The present study was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines.A review of the MEDLINE database(PubMed–National Library of Medicine),Google,and Google Scholar was performed from March 2020 to date for articles published in the English Language.RESULTS Spine associations and societies worldwide were divided into three groups:Continental,specialty and country-based societies.A total of 27 spine associations were included in this review.There were eight major continental associations,but only one-third of these had published guidelines and recommendations on this topic.On the other hand,the specialty-based societies have not addressed the topic,except in two cases.CONCLUSION The national spine societies showed the deepest concern on this topic with several publications in scientific journals influenced by the local epidemiological severity.Contrarily,continental and specialty-based societies showed less interest in this topic.展开更多
BACKGROUND Spine surgery is evolving and in the due course of its evolution,it is useful to have a comprehensive summary of the process to have a greater understanding to refine our future directives.With the multiple...BACKGROUND Spine surgery is evolving and in the due course of its evolution,it is useful to have a comprehensive summary of the process to have a greater understanding to refine our future directives.With the multiple domains of research in the spine,it has become difficult for a surgeon to find the potential hotspots in research or identify the emerging research frontiers.AIM To analyze RCTs(1990–2019)for potential research domains along with their research networks and identify the hot topics for future research.METHODS A comprehensive and systematic analysis of all the RCTs published on spinal surgery from 1990 to 2019 retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database.Scientometric and visual analysis of their characteristics,cooperation networks,keywords,and citations were made using CiteSpace software.Journal and article impact index were retrieved from Reference Citation Analysis(RCA)Database.RESULTS A total of 696 RCTs were published on spinal surgery from 1990 to 2019;of which,the United States(n=263)and China(n=71)made a significant contribution.Thomas Jefferson University(n=16)was the leading contributor to RCTs on spinal surgery.Weinstein JN was the most cited author in the field followed by Deyo RA.Spine(n=559)remained the top-cited journal for RCTs on spinal surgery.On literature co-citation analysis,spinal stenosis,anterior cervical discectomy and fusion,degenerative disc disease,and minimally invasive decompression were identified as the hotspots and potential research frontiers.CONCLUSION The identified hotspots that extending the frontiers in the management of degenerative disorders of the spine through further research holds the potential for advancement in spinal care.展开更多
文摘Introduction: The evaluation of academic stress in medical students and residents is a topic of significant interest, given the considerable challenges they face during their learning process with traditional teaching methods. The use of technologies like virtual reality presents an opportunity to enhance their skills through simulations and training. The main objective of this study is to qualitatively assess the stress levels experienced by medical students and residents by integrating virtual reality into their current learning methods, aiming to improve their ability to manage stressors in their practice. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was conducted with 12 medical students and 12 Traumatology and orthopedics residents. The purpose of the questionnaire was to evaluate the levels of academic stress using the SISCO inventory. The stress levels were calculated by transforming average values into percentages, and the following criteria were assigned: 0 to 33% for Mild Stress, 34 to 66% for Moderate Stress, and 67 to 100% for Deep Stress. Then, a virtual reality class focused on spine surgery was provided. Both medical students and residents were trained using the Non Nocere SharpSurgeon software platform and Oculus Quest 2 virtual reality glasses. At the end of the session, a second questionnaire related to the practice with virtual reality was conducted with the same evaluation criteria and a comparative analysis was carried out. Results: 12 undergraduate students from Hospital Angeles Mexico, CDMX and 12 traumatology and orthopedics residents at Hospital Santa Fe, Bogota were evaluated. The students in CDMX reported an average qualitative stress of 28.50% during habitual practices, which decreased to an average of 14.67% after virtual reality practice. Residents in Bogotá experienced an average qualitative stress of 30.50% with their current learning methods but this reduced to an average of 13.92% after using virtual reality. These findings indicate that the use of virtual reality has a positive impact on reducing stress levels qualitatively. Conclusions: The use of virtual reality as a learning method for medical students and residents qualitatively improves stress levels. Further studies are required to define the potential uses of Virtual Reality to improve learning methods and emotional state in medical students and residents and for a quantitative assessment to validate the training as certified learning methods.
文摘Across many of the surgical specialties,the use of minimally invasive techniques that utilize indirect visualization has been increasingly replacing traditional techniques which utilize direct visualization.Arthroscopic surgery of the appendicular skeleton has evolved dramatically and become an integral part of musculoskeletal surgery over the last several decades,allowing surgeons to achieve similar or better outcomes,while reducing cost and recovery time.However,to date,the axial skeleton,with its close proximity to critical neural and vascular structures,has not adopted endoscopic techniques at as rapid of a rate.Over the past decade,increased patient demand for less invasive spine surgery combined with surgeon desire to meet these demands has driven significant evolution and innovation in endoscopic spine surgery.In addition,there has been an enormous advancement in technologies that assist in navigation and automation that help surgeons circumvent limitations of direct visualization inherent to less invasive techniques.There are currently a multitude of endoscopic techniques and approaches that can be utilized in the treatment of spine disorders,many of which are evolving rapidly.Here we present a review of the field of endoscopic spine surgery,including the background,techniques,applications,current trends,and future directions,to help providers gain a better understanding of this growing modality in spine surgery.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery usually suffer severe pain in the postoperative period.The erector spinae plane block(ESPB),first published in 2016,can anesthetize the ventral and dorsal rami of thoracic nerves and produce an extensive multi-dermatomal sensory block.AIM To assess whether bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB at a lower thoracic level could improve pain control and quality of recovery in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.METHODS A total of 60 patients aged 18-80 years scheduled to undergo lumbar spine surgery with general anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups:ESPB group(preoperative bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB at T10 vertebral level)and control group(no preoperative ESPB).Both groups received standard general anesthesia.The main indicator was the duration to the first patient controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)bolus.RESULTS In the ESPB group,the duration to the first PCIA bolus was significantly longer than that in the control group(h)[8.0(4.5,17.0)vs 1.0(0.5,6),P<0.01],and resting and coughing numerical rating scale(NRS)scores at 48 h post operation were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding resting and coughing NRS scores at 24 h post operation.Sufentanil consumption during the operation was significantly lower in the ESPB group than in the control group(P<0.01),while there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding morphine consumption at 24 or 48 h post operation.In the ESPB group,Modified Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation score within 20 min after extubation was higher and duration in the post-anesthesia care unit was shorter than those in the control group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION In patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery,ultrasound-guided ESPB at a lower thoracic level improves the analgesic effect,reduces opioid consumption,and improves postoperative recovery.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81972108.
文摘BACKGROUND Few reports have described lumbar foraminal stenosis-induced radiculopathy after treatment by full-endoscopic spine surgery(FESS)combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)in patients with vertebral compression fractures.We herein report such a case,including the patient’s treatment process and doctor’s surgical experience.CASE SUMMARY A 79-year-old man presented with symptoms of radiculopathy after sustaining L4 vertebral compression fractures.Imaging and physical examination revealed L4 vertebral compression fractures combined with L3/4 Lumbar foraminal stenosis(LFS).The patient’s symptoms were low back pain with pain in the lateral left leg.Although many reports have described radiculopathy induced by osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,the use of FESS combined with PVP has rarely been reported.This case report indicates that the combination of FESS and PVP is a safe and effective approach for the treatment of LFS-induced radiculopathy after vertebral compression fractures.This minimally invasive technique has great potential to replace traditional lumbar fixation and decompression surgery.Thus,we suggest the continued accumulation of similar cases to discuss the wider application of FESS.CONCLUSION For patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF)and LFS,PVP and FESS can be used to restore the vertebral height and reduce the pressure around the intervertebral foramen.Additionally,the combination of FESS and PVP can treat the pain or numbness of the low back and lower limbs and allow for recovery in a short time with excellent postoperative effects.In general,FESS is a good treatment for radiculopathy caused by foraminal stenosis after OVCF.
文摘Introduction: While autograft bone is the gold standard for multilevel posterolateral lumbar fusion, bone substitutes and graft extenders such as allograft bone, ceramics and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) have been used to avoid the morbidity and insufficient quantity associated with harvesting autologous bone. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to determine whether, in patients with increased risk of operative nonunion related to multilevel fusion, adding DBM fibers to mineralized bone allograft resulted in better fusion than using allograft alone. The secondary objectives were to evaluate how adding DBM fibers affects functional disability, low back pain, intraoperative blood loss and the nonunion rate. Methods: This retrospective study involved a chart review of consecutive patients who underwent multilevel lumbar spinal fusion and were operated on by a single surgeon. The patients were divided into two groups: 14 patients received mineralized bone allograft (control group) and 14 patients received a combination of mineralized bone allograft and DBM (experimental group). Patients were reviewed at a mean of 16.4 ± 2.2 months after surgery at which point CT scans were analyzed to determine whether fusion had occurred;Oswestry disability index (ODI) and pain were also evaluated. Results: A mean of 5 levels [min 2, max 13] were fused in these patients. Posterolateral fusion as defined by the Lenke classification was not significantly different between groups. The experimental DBM group had a significantly better composite fusion score than the control group (P Discussion: Adding DBM fibers to allograft bone during multilevel posterolateral spinal fusion was safe and produced better composite fusion than using allograft only as an autograft extender.
文摘Background Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) has been widely recognized as one of the main causes of thoracic spinal canal stenosis and thoracic myelopathy.Decompression is the only effective strategy for treating thoracic myelopathy caused by OLF.The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical outcomes of computer-assisted minimally invasive spine surgery (CAMISS) for posterior decompression in patients with thoracic myelopathy caused by OLF.Methods In all cases,the surgical procedure was performed with the assistance of an intraoperative three-dimensional navigation system.Decompression of the spinal cord was performed with a high-speed drill; the supraspinal ligaments and spinous process were partially preserved.The outcomes were evaluated by a modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring system and recovery rates.Results The mean duration of follow-up for the 14 cases was 3.9 years.All patients experienced neurological recovery,the mean JOA score improving from 6.1 points preoperatively to 8.6 points at final follow-up and the mean rate of recovery being 52.7% (excellent in two cases,good in eight,fair in three,and unchanged in one).Conclusion CAMISS is a safe and effective procedure for resection of the OLF in the thoracic spine.
文摘Background Spine surgery using computer-assisted navigation (CAN) has been proven to result in low screw misplacement rates, low incidence of radiation exposure and excellent operative field viewing versus the conventional intraoperative image intensifier (CⅢ). However, as we know, few previous studies have described the learning curve of CAN in spine surgery.Methods We performed two consecutive case cohort studies on pedicel screw accuracy and operative time of two spine surgeons with different experience backgrounds, A and B, in one institution during the same period. Lumbar pedicel screw cortical perforation rate and operative time of the same kind of operation using CAN were analyzed and compared using CⅢ for the two surgeons at initial, 6 months and 12 months of CAN usage.Results CAN spine surgery had an overall lower cortical perforation rate and less mean operative time compared with CⅢ for both surgeon A and B cohorts when total cases of four years were included. It missed being statistically significant,with 3.3% versus 4.7% (P=0.191) and 125.7 versus 132.3 minutes (P=0.428) for surgeon A and 3.6% versus 6.4%(P=0.058), and 183.2 versus 213.2 minutes (P=0.070) for surgeon B. in an attempt to demonstrate the learning curve,the cases after 6 months of the CAN system in each surgeon's cohort were compared. The perforation rate decreased by 2.4% (P=0.039) and 4.3% (P=0.003) and the operative time was reduced by 31.8 minutes (P=0.002) and 14.4 minutes (P=0.026) for the CAN groups of surgeons A and B, respectively. When only the cases performed after 12 months using the CAN system were considered, the perforation rate decreased by 3.9% (P=0.006) and 5.6% (P 〈0.001) and the operative time was reduced by 20.9 minutes (P 〈0.001) and 40.3 minutes (P 〈0.001) for the CAN groups of surgeon A and B, respectively.Conclusions In the long run, CAN spine surgery decreased the lumbar screw cortical perforation rate and operative time. The learning curve showed a sharp drop after 6 months of using CAN that plateaued after 12 months; which was demonstrated by both perforation rate and operative time data. Careful analysis of the data showed CAN is especially useful for less experienced surgeon to reduce perforation rate and intraoperative time, although further comparative studies are anticipated.
文摘Objective: Conventional open spinal surgery of adult scoliosis can be performed from anterior, posterior, or combined approach. Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) was developed for the purpose of reducing the undesirable effects and complications. This review aimed to make a brief summary of recent studies of the approach and clinical outcomes of MISS in adult scoliosis. Data Sources: We conducted a systematic search from PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and other literature databases to collect reports of surgical methods and clinical outcomes of MISS in treatment of adult scoliosis. Those reports were published up to March 2017 with the following key terms: &quot;minimally invasive,&quot; &quot;spine,&quot; &quot;surgery,&quot; and &quot;scoliosis.&quot;Study Selection: The inclusion criteria of the articles were as followings: diagnosed with adult degenerative scoliosis (DS) or adult idiopathic scoliosis; underwent MISS or open surgery; with follow-up data. The articles involving patients with congenital scoliosis or unknown type were excluded and those without any follow-up data were also excluded from the study. The initial search yielded 233 articles. After title and abstract extraction, 29 English articles were selected for full-text review. Of those, 20 studies with 831 patients diagnosed with adult DS or adult idiopathic scoliosis were reviewed. Seventeen were retrospective studies, and three were prospective studies. Results: The surgical technique reported in these articles was direct or extreme lateral interbody fusion, axial lumbar interbody fusion, and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Among the clinical outcomes of these studies, the operated levels was 3–7, operative time was 2.3–8.5 h. Both the Cobb angle of coronal major curve and evaluation of Oswestry Disability Index and Visual Analog Scale decreased after surgery. There were 323 complications reported in the 831 (38.9%) patients, including 150 (18.1%) motor or sensory deficits, and 111 (13.4%) implant-related complications. Conclusions: MISS can provide good radiological and self-evaluation improvement in treatment of adult scoliosis. More prospective studies will be needed before it is widely used.
文摘Spinal surgery is a technically demanding and challenging procedure because of the complicated anatomical structures of the spine and its proximity to several important tissues.Surgical landmarks and fluoroscopy have been used for pedicle screw insertion but are found to produce inaccuracies in placement.Improving the safety and accuracy of spinal surgery has increasingly become a clinical concern.Computerassisted navigation is an extension and application of precision medicine in orthopaedic surgery and has significantly improved the accuracy of spinal surgery.However,no clinical guidelines have been published for this relatively new and fast-growing technique,thus potentially limiting its adoption.In accordance with the consensus of consultant specialists,literature reviews,and our local experience,these guidelines include the basic concepts of the navigation system,workflow of navigation-assisted spinal surgery,some common pitfalls,and recommended solutions.This work helps to standardize navigation-assisted spinal surgery,improve its clinical efficiency and precision,and shorten the clinical learning curve.
文摘Background: The ExcelsiusGPS?(Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA) is a next-generation spine surgery robotic system recently approved for use in the United States. The objective of the current study is to assess pedicle screw accuracy and clinical outcomes among two of the first operative cases utilizing the ExcelsiusGPS?robotic system and describe a novel metric to quantify screw deviation. Methods: Two patients who underwent lumbar fusion at a single institution with the ExcelsiusGPS?surgical robot were included. Pre-operative trajectory planning was performed from an intra-operative CT scan using the O-arm (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN). After robotic-assisted screw implantation, a post-operative CT scan was obtained to confirm ideal screw placement and accuracy with the planned trajectory. A novel pedicle screw accuracy algorithm was devised to measure screw tip/tail deviation distance and angular offset on axial and sagittal planes. Screw accuracy was concurrently determined by a blinded neuroradiologist using the traditional Gertzbein-Robbins method. Clinical variables such as symptomatology, operative data, and post-operative follow-up were also collected. Results: Eight pedicle screws were placed in two L4-L5 fusion cases. Mean screw tip deviation was 2.1 mm (range 0.8-5.2 mm), mean tail deviation was 3.2 mm (range 0.9-5.4 mm), and mean angular offset was 2.4 degrees (range 0.7-3.8 degrees). All eight screws were accurately placed based on the Gertzbein-Robbins scale (88% Grade A and 12% Grade B). There were no cases of screw revision or new post-operative deficit. Both patients experienced improvement in Frankel grade and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score by 6 weeks post-op. Conclusion: The ExcelsiusGPS? robot allows for precise execution of an intended pre-planned trajectory and accurate screw placement in the first patients to undergo robotic-assisted fusion with this technology.
文摘BACKGROUND The combined anterior/posterior approach appears to be capable of reconstructing spinal stability,correcting thoracolumbar deformity,and promoting neural recovery in severe thoracolumbar fracture dislocation.However,this type of operation requires changing the body position during the procedure,resulting in a lengthy operation time.As a universal surgical robot,TINAVI robot has achieved good surgical results in clinical surgery.But to our knowledge,no reports describing TINAVI robot-assisted single lateral position anteroposterior surgery for thoracolumbar fracture dislocation.CASE SUMMARY We describe a case of a 16-year-old female patient with severe thoracolumbar fracture and dislocation underwent surgery assisted by the TINAVI robot.A onestage combined anterior and posterior operation was performed on a severe thoracolumbar fracture dislocation using the TINAVI robot,and the operation was completed in right lateral position.CONCLUSION The TINAVI robot-assisted one-stage anterior and posterior surgery in right lateral position for severe thoracolumbar fracture and dislocation is both safe and effective.
文摘Objective:Robotic-assisted spine surgeries(RASS)have been shown to enhance precision,reduce operative time,prevent complications,facilitate minimally invasive spinal surgery,and decrease revision surgery rates,leading to improved patient outco mes This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of RAs's and non-robotic-assisted surgery for degenerative spine disease at a single center.Me thods:This retrospective study,including 122 patients,was conducted at a single center from March 2015 to February 2022.Patients who underwent ro bot-assisted surgery were assigned to the robotgroup,and patients who underwent non-robotic-assisted surgery were assigned to the non-mmbot group.Various data,indluding demographic information,surgical details,outcomes,and cost-effectiveness,were colected for both groups.The cost-effectiveness was determined using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER),and subgroup analysis was conducted for patients with 1 or 2 levels of spi-nal instrumentation.The analysis was performed using STATA SE version 15 and Tree.Age Pro 2020,with Monte Caro simulations for the cost-effectiveness acceptability curve.Results The owerallICER was$22,572,but it decreased to$16,980 when considering cases with only 1or 2 levels of instrumentation.RASS is deemed cost-effective when the willi ingness to pay is$3000-$4000 if less than 2 levels of the spine are instrumented.Conchsions:The cost-effectiveness of robot icassistance be comes apparent whenthere isa reduced need for open surgeries,leading to decreased d revision rates caused by complications such as misplaced screwsor infctions.Therefore,it is advisable to allocate healthcare budget resou Irces to spine robots,as RASS PIDves to be cost-effective,partic cularly when only two or Ewer spinal levels require instrumentation.
文摘Objective To evaluate short-teerm clinical and radiographic results of a novel expandable pedicle screw instrumentation combined with cement augmentation in surgery for severely osteoporotic spine.Methods From October 2006 to October
文摘Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PETD combined with nerve root water imaging of MRI for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 62 patients with lumbar disc herniation from March 2019 to March 2021. The study included an experimental group of 30 patients and a control group of 32 patients. The experimental group underwent PETD combined with nerve root water imaging of MRI, while the control group received traditional PETD treatment. The visual analogue scoring method (VAS score), and JOA lumbar spine function score before and after surgery were compared between the two groups, and efficacy was assessed and compared using the MacNab score. Results: The mean operation time was significantly reduced in the experimental group (56.43 ±10.40 minutes) compared to the control group (65.69 ±14.12 minutes). The VAS score was compared between the two groups with preoperative (p = 0.624), one month after surgery (p = 0.325), three months after surgery (p = 0.676), one year after surgery (p = 0.341);The JOA score was compared between the two groups with preoperative (p = 0.961), one month after the surgery (p = 0.266), three months after surgery (p = 0.185), one year after surgery (p = 0.870), they were no significant statistical difference;The efficacy evaluation of the last follow-up Macnab showed that all the 30 patients in the experimental group were excellent, 31 of 32 patients in the control group were excellent, 1 case was good;There was no statistical difference in the comparison between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study concludes that the combined approach of PETD with nerve root water imaging of MRI is a safe, effective, and more efficient alternative to conventional PETD for treating lumbar disc herniation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81871804 and No.81672200.
文摘BACKGROUND Surgery is often indicated for patients with massively prolapsed intervertebral disc herniation.The interlaminar endoscopic spine system(iLESSYS)Delta 6-mm working channel endoscope has advantages over other systems.The aim of this study was to explore the benefits and complications of using the iLESSYS Delta for the treatment of massively prolapsed intervertebral disc herniation.AIM To explore the clinical benefits of treating massively prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc herniation with the iLESSYS Delta endoscope.METHODS In this study,the data of 37 patients who underwent surgery with the iLESSYS Delta endoscope at The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were retrospectively analyzed.Intraoperative blood loss,operation time,and complications were collected.The visual analog scale(VAS),oswestry disability index(ODI),and modified MacNab criteria were determined before and at 1 d,3 mo,and 6 mo after surgery.RESULTS The mean intraoperative blood loss was 20.4±1.2 mL.The mean operation time was 97.3±12.4 min.The VAS scores for leg and back pain decreased from 68.0±7.3,34.4±8.5 before operation to 2.5±1.7,5.5±1.9 at 6 mo after surgery,respectively.The ODI also decreased from 60.2±7.3 to 17.9±3.4 at 6 mo after surgery.The improvement rate of the MacNab score was 86.4%,which was considered excellent.No spinal dural injury,nerve root injury,secondary protrusion of intervertebral disc,or myeloid hypertension was found during follow-up.CONCLUSION The iLESSYS Delta 6-mm working channel endoscope has several advantages in terms of clinical and functional benefits,complications,and low risk of residual vertebral pulp in treating patients with massively prolapsed intervertebral disc herniation.
文摘BACKGROUND Multilevel artificial cervical disc replacement and anterior hybrid surgery have been introduced as reliable treatments for multilevel cervical degenerative disc disease.Surgical techniques are important for resolving patients’symptoms and maintaining the normal functioning of cervical implants.However,the use of inappropriate surgical strategies could lead to complications such as implant migration and neurological deficit.In this paper,we summarize our surgical strategies used in multilevel cervical disc replacement and hybrid surgery into five major notes.CASE SUMMARY We share the key notes and our surgical procedures in the form of four typical case presentations.All patients were diagnosed with cervical degenerative disc disease with myelopathy or radiculopathy and needed multilevel cervical spine surgery.The first case demonstrated that index levels indicating the presence of highly serious spinal cord compression required a prioritized decompression.The second case demonstrated that the disc replacement should be performed before fusion in cervical hybrid surgery.The third and forth cases demonstrated that a top-down implantation sequence was needed in continuous two-level cervical disc replacement.The symptoms of all patients were significantly relieved after surgery.CONCLUSION We hope that our surgical strategies can help improve the performance and outcomes of multilevel cervical spine surgery.
文摘BACKGROUND Osteochondromas are the most common benign bone tumor,accounting for 36%of benign bone tumors.Often found within the appendicular skeleton,osteochondromas of the spine are rare,comprising 4%to 7%of primary benign spinal tumors.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a solitary lumbar osteochondroma in an 18-year-old male with a history of a suprasellar pineal germinoma treated with combined chemotherapy and radiation.He underwent mass excision and partial laminectomy with the ultrasonic bone scalpel(Misonix,Farmingdale,NY,United States)at the L5 Level without the use of adjuvants.The patient returned to work and full activities without back pain at 3 mo postoperatively.CONCLUSION Osteochondromas are common tumors of the appendicular skeleton but rarely occur within the spine.This case discussion supplements current osteochondroma literature by describing an unusual presentation of this tumor.
文摘BACKGROUND Deep venous thrombosis(DVT)is a serious complication of lumbar spine surgery.Current guidelines recommend pharmacomechanical prophylaxis for patients at high risk of DVT after spine surgery.May-Thurner syndrome(MTS),a venous anatomical variation that may require invasive intervention,is an often overlooked cause of DVT.To date,no case reports of symptomatic MTS caused by isthmic spondylolisthesis or subsequent acute DVT after posterior lumbar surgery have been published.CASE SUMMARY We here present a case of a patient who developed acute DVT 4 h after spondylolisthesis surgery,and MTS was only considered after surgery,during a review of a gynecological enhanced computed tomography image taken before the procedure.CONCLUSION In conclusion,clinicians should consider MTS in the presence of a dangerous triad:spondylolisthesis,elevated D-dimer levels,and sonographically indicated unilateral deep vein dilation.Consultation with a vascular surgeon is also essential to MTS management.
文摘BACKGROUND All surgical specialties have been influenced by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and substantial changes have been determined in medical assistance,especially in elective surgery.Several spine societies have published recommendations to provide optimal care during this unique situation.AIM To discuss the recommendations by many spine societies for the management of spinal diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.METHODS The present study was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines.A review of the MEDLINE database(PubMed–National Library of Medicine),Google,and Google Scholar was performed from March 2020 to date for articles published in the English Language.RESULTS Spine associations and societies worldwide were divided into three groups:Continental,specialty and country-based societies.A total of 27 spine associations were included in this review.There were eight major continental associations,but only one-third of these had published guidelines and recommendations on this topic.On the other hand,the specialty-based societies have not addressed the topic,except in two cases.CONCLUSION The national spine societies showed the deepest concern on this topic with several publications in scientific journals influenced by the local epidemiological severity.Contrarily,continental and specialty-based societies showed less interest in this topic.
文摘BACKGROUND Spine surgery is evolving and in the due course of its evolution,it is useful to have a comprehensive summary of the process to have a greater understanding to refine our future directives.With the multiple domains of research in the spine,it has become difficult for a surgeon to find the potential hotspots in research or identify the emerging research frontiers.AIM To analyze RCTs(1990–2019)for potential research domains along with their research networks and identify the hot topics for future research.METHODS A comprehensive and systematic analysis of all the RCTs published on spinal surgery from 1990 to 2019 retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database.Scientometric and visual analysis of their characteristics,cooperation networks,keywords,and citations were made using CiteSpace software.Journal and article impact index were retrieved from Reference Citation Analysis(RCA)Database.RESULTS A total of 696 RCTs were published on spinal surgery from 1990 to 2019;of which,the United States(n=263)and China(n=71)made a significant contribution.Thomas Jefferson University(n=16)was the leading contributor to RCTs on spinal surgery.Weinstein JN was the most cited author in the field followed by Deyo RA.Spine(n=559)remained the top-cited journal for RCTs on spinal surgery.On literature co-citation analysis,spinal stenosis,anterior cervical discectomy and fusion,degenerative disc disease,and minimally invasive decompression were identified as the hotspots and potential research frontiers.CONCLUSION The identified hotspots that extending the frontiers in the management of degenerative disorders of the spine through further research holds the potential for advancement in spinal care.