BACKGROUND： Studies have demonstrated that selective innervation of the sacral nerve tract to the bladder plays an important role in bladder functional reconstruction following spinal cord injury. However, there are ...BACKGROUND： Studies have demonstrated that selective innervation of the sacral nerve tract to the bladder plays an important role in bladder functional reconstruction following spinal cord injury. However, there are very few studies reporting detailed morphological characteristics of urogenital center and lumbosacral nerve roots. OBJECTIVE： To analyze the spinal cord segment of the lumbosacral spinal cord urogenital center, and to observe morphological characteristics. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A neuroanatomical study was performed at the Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Peking University Health Science Center between September 2007 and March 2008. MATERIALS： Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated cholera toxin B subunit （CB-HRP） was purchased from Sigma, USA; surgical microscope was purchased from Zhenjian Zhongtian Optical Instrument, Jiangsu Province, China; BCL-420 biological and functional experimental system was purchased from Taimeng Science and Technology, Sichuan Province, China. METHODS： A total of 36 adult, Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to groups A （n = 10）, B （n = 10）, C （n = 10）, and D （n = 6）. CB-HRP （3%, 10-15 μL） was injected into the bladder detrusor muscle （group A）, external urethral sphincter （group B）, and perineal muscles （group C）, respectively. Rats in group D were not given any treatments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： At 72 hours after CB-HRP injection, CB-HRP-positive neurons were analyzed in lumbosacral segments using 3, 3＇, 5, 5＇-tetramethylbenzidine staining and an Olympus optic microscope, while anatomical structures in the respective spinal nerve tract were observed using a surgical microscope. RESULTS： CB-HRP-positive neurons were distributed in the L6-S1 segments of the spinal cord, and neurons primarily innervating the bladder detrusor muscle were located at the sacral parasympathetic nucleus and the intermediolateral nucleus. In addition, neurons that primarily innervate the external urethral sphincter and perineal muscles were observed in the ventrolateral portion （Onuf＇s nucleus）. The lumbar-sacral nerve roots were composed of varying nerve tracts, Le., they were typically divided into 1-2 sub-bundles, and the sub-bundles were then divided into 2-3 tiny bundles. There were extensive fibro-connections between the rootlets. CONCLUSION： The urogenital center in Sprague Dawley rats was located in the L6 -S1 segments of the spinal cord, and the rootlets were clearly observed. Therefore, this rat experimental model could be utilized for highly selective anterior/posterior rhizotomy.展开更多
目的:评价仙茅苯甲酸酯类酚苷(benzylbenzoate glucosides from Curculigo orchioides,COBG)对去卵巢大鼠的抗骨质疏松作用。方法:70只3月龄的Sprague-Dawley大鼠被随机分为正常对照组和去卵巢组。再将去卵巢大鼠分为6组,连续12周分别...目的:评价仙茅苯甲酸酯类酚苷(benzylbenzoate glucosides from Curculigo orchioides,COBG)对去卵巢大鼠的抗骨质疏松作用。方法:70只3月龄的Sprague-Dawley大鼠被随机分为正常对照组和去卵巢组。再将去卵巢大鼠分为6组,连续12周分别灌胃给予蒸馏水,1mg/kg尼尔雌醇,6、18和54mg/kgCOBG,3.0g/kg仙茅乙醇提取物。用双能X线吸收仪测定骨密度,并制备胫骨切片进行骨形态计量分析,采用试剂盒测定血清和尿的生化指标。结果:去卵巢大鼠骨质流失和骨组织结构退化显著,其血清碱性磷酸酶活性升高,尿钙排出增加,血清抗氧化物水平降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。6、18和54mg/kgCOBG使去卵巢大鼠骨密度显著增加,骨组织微结构得到改善,超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的损耗减少,并抑制氧化产物丙二醛的增加,减少尿钙排出(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:COBG通过改善去卵巢大鼠的抗氧化状态防止骨丢失,COBG有可能成为防治绝经后骨质疏松的有效药物。展开更多
基金Supported by: the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30672096
文摘BACKGROUND： Studies have demonstrated that selective innervation of the sacral nerve tract to the bladder plays an important role in bladder functional reconstruction following spinal cord injury. However, there are very few studies reporting detailed morphological characteristics of urogenital center and lumbosacral nerve roots. OBJECTIVE： To analyze the spinal cord segment of the lumbosacral spinal cord urogenital center, and to observe morphological characteristics. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A neuroanatomical study was performed at the Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Peking University Health Science Center between September 2007 and March 2008. MATERIALS： Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated cholera toxin B subunit （CB-HRP） was purchased from Sigma, USA; surgical microscope was purchased from Zhenjian Zhongtian Optical Instrument, Jiangsu Province, China; BCL-420 biological and functional experimental system was purchased from Taimeng Science and Technology, Sichuan Province, China. METHODS： A total of 36 adult, Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to groups A （n = 10）, B （n = 10）, C （n = 10）, and D （n = 6）. CB-HRP （3%, 10-15 μL） was injected into the bladder detrusor muscle （group A）, external urethral sphincter （group B）, and perineal muscles （group C）, respectively. Rats in group D were not given any treatments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： At 72 hours after CB-HRP injection, CB-HRP-positive neurons were analyzed in lumbosacral segments using 3, 3＇, 5, 5＇-tetramethylbenzidine staining and an Olympus optic microscope, while anatomical structures in the respective spinal nerve tract were observed using a surgical microscope. RESULTS： CB-HRP-positive neurons were distributed in the L6-S1 segments of the spinal cord, and neurons primarily innervating the bladder detrusor muscle were located at the sacral parasympathetic nucleus and the intermediolateral nucleus. In addition, neurons that primarily innervate the external urethral sphincter and perineal muscles were observed in the ventrolateral portion （Onuf＇s nucleus）. The lumbar-sacral nerve roots were composed of varying nerve tracts, Le., they were typically divided into 1-2 sub-bundles, and the sub-bundles were then divided into 2-3 tiny bundles. There were extensive fibro-connections between the rootlets. CONCLUSION： The urogenital center in Sprague Dawley rats was located in the L6 -S1 segments of the spinal cord, and the rootlets were clearly observed. Therefore, this rat experimental model could be utilized for highly selective anterior/posterior rhizotomy.
文摘目的:评价仙茅苯甲酸酯类酚苷(benzylbenzoate glucosides from Curculigo orchioides,COBG)对去卵巢大鼠的抗骨质疏松作用。方法:70只3月龄的Sprague-Dawley大鼠被随机分为正常对照组和去卵巢组。再将去卵巢大鼠分为6组,连续12周分别灌胃给予蒸馏水,1mg/kg尼尔雌醇,6、18和54mg/kgCOBG,3.0g/kg仙茅乙醇提取物。用双能X线吸收仪测定骨密度,并制备胫骨切片进行骨形态计量分析,采用试剂盒测定血清和尿的生化指标。结果:去卵巢大鼠骨质流失和骨组织结构退化显著,其血清碱性磷酸酶活性升高,尿钙排出增加,血清抗氧化物水平降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。6、18和54mg/kgCOBG使去卵巢大鼠骨密度显著增加,骨组织微结构得到改善,超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的损耗减少,并抑制氧化产物丙二醛的增加,减少尿钙排出(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:COBG通过改善去卵巢大鼠的抗氧化状态防止骨丢失,COBG有可能成为防治绝经后骨质疏松的有效药物。
