Research on the flow stability and noise reduction characteristics of quasi-periodic elastic support skin

To enhance flow stability and reduce hydrodynamic noise caused by fluctuating pressure,a quasiperiodic elastic support skin composed of flexible walls and elastic support elements is proposed for fluid noise reduction.The arrangement of the elastic support element is determined by the equivalent periodic distance and quasi-periodic coefficient.In this paper,a dynamic model of skin in a fluid environment is established.The influence of equivalent periodic distance and quasi-periodic coefficient on flow stability is investigated.The results suggest that arranging the elastic support elements in accordance with the quasi-periodic law can effectively enhance flow stability.Meanwhile,the hydrodynamic noise calculation results demonstrate that the skin exhibits excellent noise reduction performance,with reductions of 10 dB in the streamwise direction,11 dB in the spanwise direction,and 10 dB in the normal direction.The results also demonstrate that the stability analysis method can serve as a diagnostic tool for flow fields and guide the design of noise reduction structures.

Nonlinear Stability Analysis of Long Span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge with Thin Wall High Piers

By utilizing the current finite element program ANSYS, two types of finite element models (FEM), the beam model (BM) and shell model (SM), are established for the nonlinear stability analysis of a practical rigid frame bridge—Longtanhe Great Bridge. In these analyses, geometrical and material nonlinearities are simultaneously taken into account. For geometrical nonlinearity, updated Lagrangian formulations are adopted to derive the tangent stiffness matrix. In order to simulate the nonlinear behavior of the plastic hinge of the piers, the multi lines spring element COMBIN39 is used in the SM while the bilinear rotational spring element COMBIN40 is employed in the BM. Numerical calculations show that satisfying results can be obtained in the stability analysis of the bridge when the double coupling nonlinearity effects are considered. In addition, the conclusion is significant for practical engineering.

Pseudo-dynamic analysis of overturning stability of retaining wall

A new method was presented to determine the safety factor of wall stability against overturning based on pseudo-dynamic approach. In this time-dependent method, the actual dynamic effect with variation of time and propagation of shear and primary wave velocities through the backfills was considered. Planar failure surface was considered behind the retaining wall. The results were compared with those obtained from Mononobe-Okabe theory. It is found that there is a higher value of safety factor by the present dynamic analysis. The effects of wall inclination, wall friction angle, soil friction angle and horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients on the overturning stability of retaining wall were investigated. The parametric study shows that both horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations have decreasing effect on the overturning stability of retaining wall.

Seismic stability of reinforced soil walls under bearing capacity failure by pseudo-dynamic method

In order to evaluate the seismic stability of reinforced soil walls against bearing capacity failure,the seismic safety factor of reinforced soil walls was determined by using pseudo-dynamic method,and calculated by considering different parameters,such as horizontal and vertical seismic acceleration coefficients,ratio of reinforcement length to wall height,back fill friction angle,foundation soil friction angle,soil reinforcement interface friction angle and surcharge.The parametric study shows that the seismic safety factor increases by 24-fold when the foundation soil friction angle varies from 25°to 45°,and increases by 2-fold when the soil reinforcement interface friction angle varies from 0 to 30°.That is to say,the bigger values the foundation soil and/or soil reinforcement interface friction angles have,the safer the reinforced soil walls become in the seismic design.The results were also compared with those obtained from pseudo-static method.It is found that there is a higher value of the safety factor by the present work.

Influence of polymer dispersants on dispersion stability of nano-TiO_2 aqueous suspension and its application in inner wall latex paint

The effects of SN5040 and polyethylene glycol（PEG） individually and in combination on the dispersion stability of nano-TiO2 aqueous suspension were investigated by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. The adsorption mechanism of these dispersants was detected by zeta potential, isothermal absorption and FTIR analysis. It is found that SN5040 is superior for stabilizing nano-TiO2 in aqueous suspension to PEG in basic region, and the optimum mass fraction of SN5040 addition is 3%. In the case of NaCl addition, the optimum value increases with .the increase of NaCl concentration in the solution. When the mixture of SN5040 and PEG is employed, the antagonism appears preponderant. When SN5040 and PEG are added sequentially, the synergistic reaction takes place. The synergistic reaction can be attributed to the mechanism that PEG adsorption decreases the electronic repulsion between SN5040 molecules, which results in the increase of SN5040 adsorption density. PEG is adsorbed by the interaction with the pre-adsorbed SN5040 layer. Furthermore, the modified inner wall latex paint with well dispersed nano-YiO2 suspension is endowed with excellent ultraviolet absorption and antibacterial properties.

Upper bound seismic rotational stability analysis of gravity retaining walls considering embedment depth

Stability analysis of gravity retaining wall was currently based on the assumption that the wall had no embedment depth. The effect of earth berm was usually neglected. The present work highlighted the importance of embedment depth when assessing the seismic stability of gravity retaining walls with the pattern of pure rotation. In the framework of upper bound theorem of limit analysis, pseudo-static method was applied into two groups of parallel rigid soil slices methods in order to account for the effect of embedment depth on evaluating the critical acceleration of wall-soil system. The present analytical solution is identical to the results obtained from using limit equilibrium method, and the two methods are based on different theory backgrounds. Parameter analysis indicates that the critical acceleration increases slowly when the ratio of the embedment depth to the total height of the wall is from 0 to 0.15 and increases drastically when the ratio exceeds 0.15.

Slope stability FEM analysis and retaining wall design:a case study of clinker in Benxi of Liaoning

Stability is always the most important problem after high slope was excavated.The study analyzed the stress and strain inside the slope by Finite Element Method(FEM) and carried through stress distribution and failure zone,then analyzed the stability of the slope using three different methods and came to the conclusion that it is in unstable condition,so the designed retaining wall was put forward which makes the slope stable.

STABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF LAMINAR BOUNDARY LAYERS OVER COMPLIANT WALLS

The stability characteristics of laminar boundary layers over compliant walls was studied by the linear theory.Unlike the previous authors,the coupled motion of the fluid and solid was required to sat- isfy the continuity conditions of both the velocity and stress at the interface.Results of calculations show that as the speed ratio or density ratio exceeds a certain threshold value,the two types of unstable waves will no longer be distinguishable,and the tangential component of the disturbance stress is no longer negligi- ble.So the neglect of it,as the previous authors did,is unjustified.

Effect of wall-cooling on Mack-mode instability in high speed flat-plate boundary layers

The instability of the Mack mode is destabilized by wall-cooling in a high speed boundary layer. The aim of this paper is to study the mechanism of the wall cooling effect on the Mack mode instability by numerical methods. It is shown that the wall-cooling can destabilize the Mack mode instability, similar to the previous conclusions with the exception that the Mack mode instability can be stabilized by wall-cooling if the wall temperature is extremely low. The reversed wall temperature is related to a freestream condition. If the Mach number increases to a large enough value, e.g., about 7, the reversed wall temperature will tend to be zero. It seems that the Mack mode instability is determined by the region between the boundary layer edge and the critical layer. When the wall temperature decreases, this region becomes wider, and the boundary layer becomes more unstable. Additionally, a relative supersonic unstable mode can be observed when the velocity of the critical layer is less than 1 - liMa or is cancelled by the wall-cooling effect. These results provide a deeper understanding on the wall-cooling effect in high speed boundary layers.

Effects of Plasma Density Profile on Resistive Wall Mode Stability

Linear and nonlinear evolutions of the resistive wall mode(RWM) were numerically carried out with different plasma density profiles.Both stabilizing and destabilizing effects were observed.The plasma density shear had a stabilizing effect on the RWM,and the stabilizing effect was better as the plasma density shear rate increased.In the uniform density plasma,the effects of flowshear on the RWMstability were stronger than those for non-uniform density plasma.For lower flowshear,the effects of the plasma density shear rate on the RWMwere more obvious.In the nonlinear phase,the repulsive force associated with the piling up magnetic flux near the resistive wall prevented further growth of perturbed magnetic energy,and the RWMwas saturated.The saturation levels were almost independent of the density profiles.

Influence of the characteristics of fault gouge on the stability of a borehole wall

How to find more effective way to stabilize the borehole wall in the fault gouge section is the key technical challenge to control the stability of the borehole wall in the Wenchuan fault gouge section during the process of core drilling. Here we try to describe the characters of deep fault gouge in fracture zones from the undisturbed fault gouge samples which are obtained during the core drilling. The X- Ray Diffraction （XRD）, X-Ray Fluorescence （XRF） and Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM） provided the detailed information of the fault gouge＇s microscopic characteristics on the density, moisture content, expansibility, dispersity, permeability, tensile strength and other main physical-mechanical properties. Based on these systematic experimental studies above and analysis of the fault gouge instability mechanism, a new technical procedure to stabilize the borehole wall is proposed -- a low water and a low loss low permeability drilling fluid system that consists of 4% day ＋ 0.5% CMC-HV ＋ 2% S-1 ＋ 3%sulfonated asphalt ＋ 1% SMC ＋ 0.5% X-1 ＋ 0-5% T type lubricant ＋ barite for core drilling in fault gouge sections.

An Approach to Stability Analysis of Embedded Large-Diameter Cylinder Quay

The large-diameter cylinder structure, which is made of large successive bottomless cylinders placed on foundation bed or partly driven into soil, is a recently developed retaining structure in China. It can be used in port, coastal and offshore works. The method for stability analysis of the large-diameter cylinder structure, especially for stability analysis of the embedded large-diameter cylinder structure, is an important issue. In this paper, an idea is presented that is, embedded large-diameter cylinder quays can be divided into two types, i.e. the gravity wall type and the cylinder pile wall type. A method for stability analysis of the large-diameter cylinder quay of the cylinder pile wall type is developed and a method for stability analysis of the large-diameter cylinder quay of the gravity wall type is also proposed. The effect of significant parameters on the stability of the large-diameter cylinder quay of the cylinder pile wall type is investigated through numerical calculation.

Experimental evaluation of mechanically stabilized earth walls with recycled crumb rubbers

Traditional techniques for treatment of waste rubber, such as burning, generate some highly non- degradable synthetic materials that cause unrepairable environmental damages by releasing heavy metals, such as arsenic, chromium, lead, manganese and nickel. For this, scrap tires are used as light- weight alternative materials in many engineering applications, such as retaining wall backfilling. In the present study, 90 laboratory models were prepared to evaluate the stability of mechanically stabilized earth （MSE） walls with plate anchors. Then, the bearing capacity and horizontal displacements of the retaining walls were monitored by exerting a static loading to investigate the effects of adding different contents （5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt% and 20 wt%） of recycled crumb rubber （RCR） to the fill of a mechanically stabilized retaining wall with plate anchors. To visualize the critical slip surface of the wall, the particle image velocimetry （PIV） technique was employed. Results showed that the circular anchor plates almost continually provided a higher bearing capacity and wall stability than the square plates. Moreover, the backfill with 15 wt% RCR provided the maximum bearing capacity of the wall. Increasing the weight percentage of RCR to 20 wt% resulted in a significant reduction in horizontal displacement of the wall, which occurred due to the decrease in lateral earth pressure against the whole walls. An increase in RCR content resulted in the decrease in the formation of failure wedge and the expansion of the wall slip surface, and the failure wedge did not form in the sand mixtures with 15 wt% and 20 wt% RCRs.

Study on the performance of the micropile-mechanically stabilized earth wall

The Micropile-Mechanically Stabilized Earth(MSE) wall, specially designed for mountain roads, is proposed to improve the MSE wall local stability, global stability and impact resistance of roadside barriers. Model tests and the corresponding numerical modeling were conducted to validate the serviceability of the Micropile-MSE wall and the reliability of the numerical method. Then, a parametric study of the stress and deformation of Micropile-MSE wall based on the backfill strength and interfacial friction angle between backfill and backslope is conducted to evaluate its performance.The test results indicate that the surcharge-induced horizontal earth pressure, base pressure and lateral displacement of the wall panel of Micropile-MSE wall decrease. The corresponding numerical results are nearly equal to the measured values. The basic failure mode of MSE wall in steep terrain is the sliding of backfill along the backslope, while A-frame style micropiles are capable of preventing the sliding trend.The maximum resultant displacement can be decreased by 6.25% to 46.9% based on different interfacial friction angles, and the displacement canbe reduced by 6% ~ 56.1% based on different backfill strengths. Furthermore, the reduction increases when the interfacial friction angle and internal friction angle of backfill decrease. In addition, the lateral displacement of wall panel, the deformation of backfill decrease and the tension strain of geogrid obviously, which guarantees the MSE wall functions and provides good conditions for mountain roads.

Stability analysis of new safety cleaning bank in steep slope mining

Based on the study of the slope with gently granular structure in Xingqiao open mine, a new safety cleaning bank mode for steep slope mining was developed, including setting up dint cut, and forming natural retaining wall based on the character of gentle incline slope. It can effectively eliminate the impact of sliding body on the bottom working place and slope body, reduce the dilution of ore, keep rainwater from upper steps away, decrease influence of the weak intermediate layer, and cut cost of disposal waste rock. The safety and reliability of the mode were analyzed and verified from 3 aspects: static load calculation, ANSYS simulation of dynamic loading and spot experiment. The result of static loading calculation shows that the retaining wall can support accumulation and extrusion of granular body, and the glide or overturn disaster will not take place. The simulations of dynamic loading show that the retaining wall remains stable until sliding body collapses from 360 m (10 sublevels). Only one new safety cleaning bank in each 15 sublevels can fully meet the need of engineering. The new mode sustains steep slope (mining,) increases the angle of ultimate slope, and reduces invalid overburden amount of rock by 3%5%. The result of spot experiment has verified the exactness of the above calculations and simulations.

不同壁材对ARA微胶囊理化性质和稳定性的影响

为了筛选更优的壁材包埋花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid, ARA),该研究以ARA为芯材,乳清蛋白(whey protein, W)、乳清蛋白-葡萄糖浆(whey protein-glucose syrup, WG)和乳清蛋白-葡萄糖浆-乳糖(whey protein-glucose syrup-lactose, WGL)为壁材制备微胶囊,并对ARA微胶囊的包埋率、含水率、溶解度、堆积密度、休止角、粒径分布、微观形貌和氧化稳定性及热稳定性进行比较分析。结果表明,WGL的包埋率为98.64%,含水率为2.85%,溶解度为89.83%,堆积密度为0.54 g/mL,休止角为35.87°,粒径分布较均匀,其理化性质优于W和WG;表面结构呈完整球形、结构致密,有利于微胶囊的贮藏;采用碘滴定法测定过氧化值,在25和50℃贮藏条件下WGL的过氧化值分别为19.92和32.75 mmol/kg,均显著低于W和WG(P<0.05),表明WGL具有较高的氧化稳定性;由差示扫描量热法和热重法可知WGL的熔解温度和质量保留率最高分别为107℃和27.55%,表明WGL具有良好的热稳定性。综上,WGL的综合性质优于W和WG,表明WGL对ARA有较好的包埋和保护作用,该研究结果对选择合适的壁材包埋ARA微胶囊具有一定的参考意义。

井研地区筇竹寺组页岩储层水平井钻井井壁稳定性评价

川西南井研区块筇竹寺组页岩气具有良好的开发前景,但由于对其岩矿组分、力学性质、水化特征等认识程度较低,钻井井壁稳定性认识不清,导致出现掉块、阻卡等复杂情况。为了充分认识该区寒武系筇竹寺组地层的井壁稳定性,明确粉砂质页岩水化作用及其对坍塌压力的影响规律,在岩石力学实验的基础上,研究不同钻井液浸泡时间对岩石力学参数的影响规律,建立考虑水化作用的井壁稳定性预测模型,分析不同井斜方位下坍塌压力的差异。研究结果表明:筇竹寺组伊蒙混层含量高,具有一定膨胀性,水化作用后导致岩石强度降低,对井壁稳定性有较大影响;不同钻井液体系对井壁稳定性的影响有差异,总体上油基钻井液更有利于井壁稳定;考虑了水化作用的井壁稳定预测模型更加符合实际,以此为依据,通过优化钻井液设计可以有效降低井壁失稳风险,提高钻井时效。

箱底薄壁瓜瓣镜像铣削加工稳定性分析

贮箱箱底采用薄壁瓜瓣拼焊技术成形,瓜瓣尺寸大、壁厚薄,针对其镜像铣削加工过程中的易发生颤振问题,提出一种薄壁瓜瓣镜像铣削加工的稳定性分析方法.首先,根据铣削力的相互作用关系,将整个镜像铣削加工系统分为机床主轴-刀具子系统和工件-辅助支撑子系统,建立由再生效应产生的动态切削厚度模型和圆弧铣刀动态铣削力模型,建立同时考虑刀具端径向两个方向和工件端法向振动的刀具-工件-辅助支撑系统三自由度动力学模型.然后,基于锤击实验法获取机床主轴-刀具子系统、工件-辅助支撑子系统的动力学参数,基于半离散时域法对薄壁瓜瓣镜像铣削加工稳定性进行预测.最后,开展薄壁瓜瓣镜像铣削加工实验,分析提出的薄壁瓜瓣镜像铣削加工稳定性预测方法的准确性.结果表明:辅助支撑的引入使工件远离卡具位置法向局部刚度最高提升了约7倍,与刀具径向刚度相近,都处在1×10^(7) N/m数量级,刀具端和工件端的动力学特性会同时影响整个镜像铣削系统的加工稳定性,铣削动力学模型中工件子系统和刀具子系统需同时考虑.建立的三自由度动力学模型及预测的稳定域具有较高的预测精度,对实现薄壁瓜瓣的稳定高效加工具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值.针对3.35 m级贮箱箱底薄壁瓜瓣镜像铣削加工,考虑到精加工中薄壁瓜瓣减薄厚度要求,主轴转速选择在6000~7000 r/min范围时,推荐切深选择1.0 mm.

基于明胶-卡拉胶复合基材的新型凝胶糖果制备及性能研究

新型凝胶糖果壁材起骨架支撑和密封芯材的作用,其性能直接决定凝胶糖果的质量。以明胶为壁材的凝胶糖果,具有力学性能好的优点,但热稳定性差。而卡拉胶为壁材时则表现出热稳定性强的特点,但力学性能差,不可在凝胶糖果壁材中单独使用。该文通过明胶、卡拉胶进行复合制备壁材,以提升新型凝胶糖果的力学性能和稳定性,制备出抗性评价(由耐温耐湿性和破裂压力两部分组成)较高的新型凝胶糖果,同时提升凝胶糖果贮藏期内感官评价的稳定性。综合稳定性指标将新型凝胶糖果贮藏期内品质指标综合为一个指标并进行了量化,从而判断新型凝胶糖果在贮藏期内稳定性的变化,进而比较不同贮藏温度下食品的稳定性。该文通过设计优化明胶、卡拉胶复合壁材配方,以明胶、卡拉胶和甘油为自变量,以感官评价和抗性评价为因变量,采用响应面试验确定明胶-卡拉胶壁材的最佳组成为明胶100份、卡拉胶3.4份和甘油30份。在壁材配方组成优化的基础上,分别采用明胶、明胶-卡拉胶复合制备凝胶糖果,并测定其在温度25、35、45℃下,贮藏90 d期间干燥失重和感官评价等品质指标的变化,根据品质指标变化得出其综合稳定性指标。

乐安流坑古建怀德堂照壁墙稳定性分析评价

乐安流坑古村怀德堂照壁墙艺术人文价值闻名于世,对怀德堂照壁墙的现状稳定性分析评价是制定中长期加固保护方案亟待解决的问题。通过构建了屋盖系统、梁、柱及照壁墙等整体结构数值仿真模型,反演分析再现了怀德堂照壁墙的现状病害特征,得出表征照壁墙现状的墙体材料特性参数,对照壁墙在不同程度劣化状态下塑形破坏区发展、墙体变形趋势及整体稳定性进行了评价。结果表明,怀德堂照壁墙现存状态下整体稳定性良好,但随着青砖材料劣化、墙体变形趋势不断发展,照壁墙会因墙砖雕饰面砌块相互挤压、剥离、错动而造成墙壁破损、丧失艺术文化价值。研究成果为怀德堂照壁墙加固保护方案的制定提供了支撑和依据。