Research on the flow stability and noise reduction characteristics of quasi-periodic elastic support skin

To enhance flow stability and reduce hydrodynamic noise caused by fluctuating pressure,a quasiperiodic elastic support skin composed of flexible walls and elastic support elements is proposed for fluid noise reduction.The arrangement of the elastic support element is determined by the equivalent periodic distance and quasi-periodic coefficient.In this paper,a dynamic model of skin in a fluid environment is established.The influence of equivalent periodic distance and quasi-periodic coefficient on flow stability is investigated.The results suggest that arranging the elastic support elements in accordance with the quasi-periodic law can effectively enhance flow stability.Meanwhile,the hydrodynamic noise calculation results demonstrate that the skin exhibits excellent noise reduction performance,with reductions of 10 dB in the streamwise direction,11 dB in the spanwise direction,and 10 dB in the normal direction.The results also demonstrate that the stability analysis method can serve as a diagnostic tool for flow fields and guide the design of noise reduction structures.

Nonlinear Stability Analysis of Long Span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge with Thin Wall High Piers

By utilizing the current finite element program ANSYS, two types of finite element models (FEM), the beam model (BM) and shell model (SM), are established for the nonlinear stability analysis of a practical rigid frame bridge—Longtanhe Great Bridge. In these analyses, geometrical and material nonlinearities are simultaneously taken into account. For geometrical nonlinearity, updated Lagrangian formulations are adopted to derive the tangent stiffness matrix. In order to simulate the nonlinear behavior of the plastic hinge of the piers, the multi lines spring element COMBIN39 is used in the SM while the bilinear rotational spring element COMBIN40 is employed in the BM. Numerical calculations show that satisfying results can be obtained in the stability analysis of the bridge when the double coupling nonlinearity effects are considered. In addition, the conclusion is significant for practical engineering.

Pseudo-dynamic analysis of overturning stability of retaining wall

A new method was presented to determine the safety factor of wall stability against overturning based on pseudo-dynamic approach. In this time-dependent method, the actual dynamic effect with variation of time and propagation of shear and primary wave velocities through the backfills was considered. Planar failure surface was considered behind the retaining wall. The results were compared with those obtained from Mononobe-Okabe theory. It is found that there is a higher value of safety factor by the present dynamic analysis. The effects of wall inclination, wall friction angle, soil friction angle and horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients on the overturning stability of retaining wall were investigated. The parametric study shows that both horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations have decreasing effect on the overturning stability of retaining wall.

Seismic stability of reinforced soil walls under bearing capacity failure by pseudo-dynamic method

In order to evaluate the seismic stability of reinforced soil walls against bearing capacity failure,the seismic safety factor of reinforced soil walls was determined by using pseudo-dynamic method,and calculated by considering different parameters,such as horizontal and vertical seismic acceleration coefficients,ratio of reinforcement length to wall height,back fill friction angle,foundation soil friction angle,soil reinforcement interface friction angle and surcharge.The parametric study shows that the seismic safety factor increases by 24-fold when the foundation soil friction angle varies from 25°to 45°,and increases by 2-fold when the soil reinforcement interface friction angle varies from 0 to 30°.That is to say,the bigger values the foundation soil and/or soil reinforcement interface friction angles have,the safer the reinforced soil walls become in the seismic design.The results were also compared with those obtained from pseudo-static method.It is found that there is a higher value of the safety factor by the present work.

STABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF LAMINAR BOUNDARY LAYERS OVER COMPLIANT WALLS

The stability characteristics of laminar boundary layers over compliant walls was studied by the linear theory.Unlike the previous authors,the coupled motion of the fluid and solid was required to sat- isfy the continuity conditions of both the velocity and stress at the interface.Results of calculations show that as the speed ratio or density ratio exceeds a certain threshold value,the two types of unstable waves will no longer be distinguishable,and the tangential component of the disturbance stress is no longer negligi- ble.So the neglect of it,as the previous authors did,is unjustified.

Influence of polymer dispersants on dispersion stability of nano-TiO_2 aqueous suspension and its application in inner wall latex paint

The effects of SN5040 and polyethylene glycol(PEG)individually and in combination on the dispersion stability of nano-TiO2 aqueous suspension were investigated by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy.The adsorption mechanism of these dispersants was detected by zeta potential,isothermal absorption and FTIR analysis.It is found that SN5040 is superior for stabilizing nano-TiO2 in aqueous suspension to PEG in basic region,and the optimum mass fraction of SN5040 addition is 3%.In the case of NaCl addition,the optimum value increases with the increase of NaCl concentration in the solution.When the mixture of SN5040 and PEG is employed,the antagonism appears preponderant.When SN5040 and PEG are added sequentially,the synergistic reaction takes place.The synergistic reaction can be attributed to the mechanism that PEG adsorption decreases the electronic repulsion between SN5040 molecules,which results in the increase of SN5040 adsorption density.PEG is adsorbed by the interaction with the pre-adsorbed SN5040 layer.Furthermore,the modified inner wall latex paint with well dispersed nano-TiO2 suspension is endowed with excellent ultraviolet absorption and antibacterial properties.

Effects of Plasma Density Profile on Resistive Wall Mode Stability

Linear and nonlinear evolutions of the resistive wall mode(RWM) were numerically carried out with different plasma density profiles.Both stabilizing and destabilizing effects were observed.The plasma density shear had a stabilizing effect on the RWM,and the stabilizing effect was better as the plasma density shear rate increased.In the uniform density plasma,the effects of flowshear on the RWMstability were stronger than those for non-uniform density plasma.For lower flowshear,the effects of the plasma density shear rate on the RWMwere more obvious.In the nonlinear phase,the repulsive force associated with the piling up magnetic flux near the resistive wall prevented further growth of perturbed magnetic energy,and the RWMwas saturated.The saturation levels were almost independent of the density profiles.

Upper bound seismic rotational stability analysis of gravity retaining walls considering embedment depth

Stability analysis of gravity retaining wall was currently based on the assumption that the wall had no embedment depth. The effect of earth berm was usually neglected. The present work highlighted the importance of embedment depth when assessing the seismic stability of gravity retaining walls with the pattern of pure rotation. In the framework of upper bound theorem of limit analysis, pseudo-static method was applied into two groups of parallel rigid soil slices methods in order to account for the effect of embedment depth on evaluating the critical acceleration of wall-soil system. The present analytical solution is identical to the results obtained from using limit equilibrium method, and the two methods are based on different theory backgrounds. Parameter analysis indicates that the critical acceleration increases slowly when the ratio of the embedment depth to the total height of the wall is from 0 to 0.15 and increases drastically when the ratio exceeds 0.15.

Slope stability FEM analysis and retaining wall design:a case study of clinker in Benxi of Liaoning

Stability is always the most important problem after high slope was excavated.The study analyzed the stress and strain inside the slope by Finite Element Method(FEM) and carried through stress distribution and failure zone,then analyzed the stability of the slope using three different methods and came to the conclusion that it is in unstable condition,so the designed retaining wall was put forward which makes the slope stable.

Influence of the characteristics of fault gouge on the stability of a borehole wall

How to find more effective way to stabilize the borehole wall in the fault gouge section is the key technical challenge to control the stability of the borehole wall in the Wenchuan fault gouge section during the process of core drilling.Here we try to describe the characters of deep fault gouge in fracture zones from the undisturbed fault gouge samples which are obtained during the core drilling.The XRay Diffraction(XRD),X-Ray Fluorescence(XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) provided the detailed information of the fault gouge's microscopic characteristics on the density,moisture content,expansibility,dispersity,permeability,tensile strength and other main physical-mechanical properties.Based on these systematic experimental studies above and analysis of the fault gouge instability mechanism,a new technical procedure to stabilize the borehole wall is proposed — a low water and a low loss low permeability drilling fluid system that consists of 4% clay + 0.5% CMC-HV + 2% S-1 + 3%sulfonated asphalt + 1% SMC + 0.5% X-1 + 0.5% T type lubricant + barite for core drilling in fault gouge sections.

Effect of wall-cooling on Mack-mode instability in high speed flat-plate boundary layers

The instability of the Mack mode is destabilized by wall-cooling in a high speed boundary layer. The aim of this paper is to study the mechanism of the wall cooling effect on the Mack mode instability by numerical methods. It is shown that the wall-cooling can destabilize the Mack mode instability, similar to the previous conclusions with the exception that the Mack mode instability can be stabilized by wall-cooling if the wall temperature is extremely low. The reversed wall temperature is related to a freestream condition. If the Mach number increases to a large enough value, e.g., about 7, the reversed wall temperature will tend to be zero. It seems that the Mack mode instability is determined by the region between the boundary layer edge and the critical layer. When the wall temperature decreases, this region becomes wider, and the boundary layer becomes more unstable. Additionally, a relative supersonic unstable mode can be observed when the velocity of the critical layer is less than 1 - liMa or is cancelled by the wall-cooling effect. These results provide a deeper understanding on the wall-cooling effect in high speed boundary layers.

An Approach to Stability Analysis of Embedded Large-Diameter Cylinder Quay

The large-diameter cylinder structure, which is made of large successive bottomless cylinders placed on foundation bed or partly driven into soil, is a recently developed retaining structure in China. It can be used in port, coastal and offshore works. The method for stability analysis of the large-diameter cylinder structure, especially for stability analysis of the embedded large-diameter cylinder structure, is an important issue. In this paper, an idea is presented that is, embedded large-diameter cylinder quays can be divided into two types, i.e. the gravity wall type and the cylinder pile wall type. A method for stability analysis of the large-diameter cylinder quay of the cylinder pile wall type is developed and a method for stability analysis of the large-diameter cylinder quay of the gravity wall type is also proposed. The effect of significant parameters on the stability of the large-diameter cylinder quay of the cylinder pile wall type is investigated through numerical calculation.

Experimental evaluation of mechanically stabilized earth walls with recycled crumb rubbers

Traditional techniques for treatment of waste rubber, such as burning, generate some highly non- degradable synthetic materials that cause unrepairable environmental damages by releasing heavy metals, such as arsenic, chromium, lead, manganese and nickel. For this, scrap tires are used as light- weight alternative materials in many engineering applications, such as retaining wall backfilling. In the present study, 90 laboratory models were prepared to evaluate the stability of mechanically stabilized earth （MSE） walls with plate anchors. Then, the bearing capacity and horizontal displacements of the retaining walls were monitored by exerting a static loading to investigate the effects of adding different contents （5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt% and 20 wt%） of recycled crumb rubber （RCR） to the fill of a mechanically stabilized retaining wall with plate anchors. To visualize the critical slip surface of the wall, the particle image velocimetry （PIV） technique was employed. Results showed that the circular anchor plates almost continually provided a higher bearing capacity and wall stability than the square plates. Moreover, the backfill with 15 wt% RCR provided the maximum bearing capacity of the wall. Increasing the weight percentage of RCR to 20 wt% resulted in a significant reduction in horizontal displacement of the wall, which occurred due to the decrease in lateral earth pressure against the whole walls. An increase in RCR content resulted in the decrease in the formation of failure wedge and the expansion of the wall slip surface, and the failure wedge did not form in the sand mixtures with 15 wt% and 20 wt% RCRs.

Stability assessment of rock surrounding an I-beam supported retreating roadway

The installation of a back-wall guard-board is the key to successfully supporting underground retreating roadways in coal mines. Based on the coordinate support principle, and using an I-shaped steel support for the surrounding rock, a mechanical model was developed for the stability of the roadway support and surrounding rock. Analysis of the bearing capacity of the roof back-wall guard-board and modelling of the equations for the maximum deflection and the maximum compressive stress of the top and side beams of the I-shaped steel support were undertaken. Simultaneously, the model was used to calculate and analyse the stability of the top and side beams of the I-shaped steel support structure and analyse the criteria for their stability. The results provide a reliable theoretical basis for the judgment of the stability of the surrounding rock and support structure. The theoretical evaluation results are consistent with field data. Finally, the key support parameters of the top and side beams of the I-shaped steel support structure and the variation of the maximum deflection and the maximum compressive stress as affected by the influence of the guard-board length were investigated. It is concluded that, as the back-board length increases, the maximum compressive stress in the top beam of the I-shaped steel support increases while the compressive stress in the side beam decreases. The results show that the accuracy of judgment of the stability of a supported retreating roadway is improved, providing guidance for the design of such typical I-shaped steel support and back-board structures.

Study on the performance of the micropile-mechanically stabilized earth wall

The Micropile-Mechanically Stabilized Earth(MSE) wall, specially designed for mountain roads, is proposed to improve the MSE wall local stability, global stability and impact resistance of roadside barriers. Model tests and the corresponding numerical modeling were conducted to validate the serviceability of the Micropile-MSE wall and the reliability of the numerical method. Then, a parametric study of the stress and deformation of Micropile-MSE wall based on the backfill strength and interfacial friction angle between backfill and backslope is conducted to evaluate its performance.The test results indicate that the surcharge-induced horizontal earth pressure, base pressure and lateral displacement of the wall panel of Micropile-MSE wall decrease. The corresponding numerical results are nearly equal to the measured values. The basic failure mode of MSE wall in steep terrain is the sliding of backfill along the backslope, while A-frame style micropiles are capable of preventing the sliding trend.The maximum resultant displacement can be decreased by 6.25% to 46.9% based on different interfacial friction angles, and the displacement canbe reduced by 6% ~ 56.1% based on different backfill strengths. Furthermore, the reduction increases when the interfacial friction angle and internal friction angle of backfill decrease. In addition, the lateral displacement of wall panel, the deformation of backfill decrease and the tension strain of geogrid obviously, which guarantees the MSE wall functions and provides good conditions for mountain roads.

Stability analysis of new safety cleaning bank in steep slope mining

Based on the study of the slope with gently granular structure in Xingqiao open mine, a new safety cleaning bank mode for steep slope mining was developed, including setting up dint cut, and forming natural retaining wall based on the character of gentle incline slope. It can effectively eliminate the impact of sliding body on the bottom working place and slope body, reduce the dilution of ore, keep rainwater from upper steps away, decrease influence of the weak intermediate layer, and cut cost of disposal waste rock. The safety and reliability of the mode were analyzed and verified from 3 aspects: static load calculation, ANSYS simulation of dynamic loading and spot experiment. The result of static loading calculation shows that the retaining wall can support accumulation and extrusion of granular body, and the glide or overturn disaster will not take place. The simulations of dynamic loading show that the retaining wall remains stable until sliding body collapses from 360 m (10 sublevels). Only one new safety cleaning bank in each 15 sublevels can fully meet the need of engineering. The new mode sustains steep slope (mining,) increases the angle of ultimate slope, and reduces invalid overburden amount of rock by 3%5%. The result of spot experiment has verified the exactness of the above calculations and simulations.

不同壁材对ARA微胶囊理化性质和稳定性的影响

为了筛选更优的壁材包埋花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid, ARA),该研究以ARA为芯材,乳清蛋白(whey protein, W)、乳清蛋白-葡萄糖浆(whey protein-glucose syrup, WG)和乳清蛋白-葡萄糖浆-乳糖(whey protein-glucose syrup-lactose, WGL)为壁材制备微胶囊,并对ARA微胶囊的包埋率、含水率、溶解度、堆积密度、休止角、粒径分布、微观形貌和氧化稳定性及热稳定性进行比较分析。结果表明,WGL的包埋率为98.64%,含水率为2.85%,溶解度为89.83%,堆积密度为0.54 g/mL,休止角为35.87°,粒径分布较均匀,其理化性质优于W和WG;表面结构呈完整球形、结构致密,有利于微胶囊的贮藏;采用碘滴定法测定过氧化值,在25和50℃贮藏条件下WGL的过氧化值分别为19.92和32.75 mmol/kg,均显著低于W和WG(P<0.05),表明WGL具有较高的氧化稳定性;由差示扫描量热法和热重法可知WGL的熔解温度和质量保留率最高分别为107℃和27.55%,表明WGL具有良好的热稳定性。综上,WGL的综合性质优于W和WG,表明WGL对ARA有较好的包埋和保护作用,该研究结果对选择合适的壁材包埋ARA微胶囊具有一定的参考意义。

井研地区筇竹寺组页岩储层水平井钻井井壁稳定性评价

川西南井研区块筇竹寺组页岩气具有良好的开发前景,但由于对其岩矿组分、力学性质、水化特征等认识程度较低,钻井井壁稳定性认识不清,导致出现掉块、阻卡等复杂情况。为了充分认识该区寒武系筇竹寺组地层的井壁稳定性,明确粉砂质页岩水化作用及其对坍塌压力的影响规律,在岩石力学实验的基础上,研究不同钻井液浸泡时间对岩石力学参数的影响规律,建立考虑水化作用的井壁稳定性预测模型,分析不同井斜方位下坍塌压力的差异。研究结果表明:筇竹寺组伊蒙混层含量高,具有一定膨胀性,水化作用后导致岩石强度降低,对井壁稳定性有较大影响;不同钻井液体系对井壁稳定性的影响有差异,总体上油基钻井液更有利于井壁稳定;考虑了水化作用的井壁稳定预测模型更加符合实际,以此为依据,通过优化钻井液设计可以有效降低井壁失稳风险,提高钻井时效。

矩形大开孔外压薄壁圆柱壳结构稳定性研究

以含矩形大开孔的薄壁圆柱壳结构为研究对象,利用ANSYS Workbench软件对其进行了屈曲分析,研究了不同的几何影响因素和材料参数与其临界失稳载荷和屈曲行为的关系。结果表明:结构的临界失稳载荷主要影响因素为壳体的径厚比;在弹性模量不变的情况下,临界失稳载荷与材料的屈服强度近似为线性关系;径厚比和材料参数的改变并不会改变结构的屈曲行为和趋势。

深基坑斜直交替钢管桩复合土钉墙数值模拟分析

依托福建某医院的基坑工程实例,采用数值模拟方法,研究斜直交替钢管桩复合土钉墙支护结构的变形特征及其稳定性。结果表明:坡面水平位移最大变形出现在基坑“腰部”,设计时应适当加强此位置的变形控制;斜直交替钢管桩复合土钉墙支护体系安全可行,其较双排直立钢管桩复合土钉墙及单一土钉墙有更好的变形控制能力和更高的稳定性。