In this paper we consider a two-stage ordering problem with a buyer’s minimum commitment quantity contract. Under the contract the buyer is required to give a minimum-commitment quantity. Then the manufacturer has th...In this paper we consider a two-stage ordering problem with a buyer’s minimum commitment quantity contract. Under the contract the buyer is required to give a minimum-commitment quantity. Then the manufacturer has the obligations to supply the minimum-commitment quantity and to provide a shortage compensation policy to the buyer. We formulate a dynamic optimization model to determine the manufacturer’s two stage order quantities for maximizing the expected profit. The conditions for the existence of the optimal solution are defined. And we also develop a procedure to solve the problem. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed solution procedure and sensitivity analyses are performed to find managerial insights.展开更多
The Yellow Wallpaper was a representative work of feminist literature by Charlotte Perkins Gilman.In the novel,the heroine under great repression gradually awakes to seek self identification and revolt against the pat...The Yellow Wallpaper was a representative work of feminist literature by Charlotte Perkins Gilman.In the novel,the heroine under great repression gradually awakes to seek self identification and revolt against the patriarchy.Many researchers have conducted studies from perspectives of feminism,image,theme and structure of the novel.This paper aims to employ Lacan’s"mirror stage"theory and"three orders"theory to analyze the story.Through observing the image of the"confined woman"in the"mirror"(the yellow wallpaper),her awareness of"selfhood"is gradually awakened:she lives in the Symbolic Order where the patriarchy has imposed many restrictions on her.Unable to live in such a world,while the Real is also incomprehensible,what she could do is to totally immerse herself in the Imaginary Order.That’s why she is creeping like a child.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a log-normal linear model whose errors are first-order correlated, and suggest a two-stage method for the efficient estimation of the conditional mean of the response variable at the original...In this paper, we propose a log-normal linear model whose errors are first-order correlated, and suggest a two-stage method for the efficient estimation of the conditional mean of the response variable at the original scale. We obtain two estimators which minimize the asymptotic mean squared error （MM） and the asymptotic bias （MB）, respectively. Both the estimators are very easy to implement, and simulation studies show that they are perform better.展开更多
文摘In this paper we consider a two-stage ordering problem with a buyer’s minimum commitment quantity contract. Under the contract the buyer is required to give a minimum-commitment quantity. Then the manufacturer has the obligations to supply the minimum-commitment quantity and to provide a shortage compensation policy to the buyer. We formulate a dynamic optimization model to determine the manufacturer’s two stage order quantities for maximizing the expected profit. The conditions for the existence of the optimal solution are defined. And we also develop a procedure to solve the problem. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed solution procedure and sensitivity analyses are performed to find managerial insights.
文摘The Yellow Wallpaper was a representative work of feminist literature by Charlotte Perkins Gilman.In the novel,the heroine under great repression gradually awakes to seek self identification and revolt against the patriarchy.Many researchers have conducted studies from perspectives of feminism,image,theme and structure of the novel.This paper aims to employ Lacan’s"mirror stage"theory and"three orders"theory to analyze the story.Through observing the image of the"confined woman"in the"mirror"(the yellow wallpaper),her awareness of"selfhood"is gradually awakened:she lives in the Symbolic Order where the patriarchy has imposed many restrictions on her.Unable to live in such a world,while the Real is also incomprehensible,what she could do is to totally immerse herself in the Imaginary Order.That’s why she is creeping like a child.
基金The NSF(11271155) of ChinaResearch Fund(20070183023) for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education
文摘In this paper, we propose a log-normal linear model whose errors are first-order correlated, and suggest a two-stage method for the efficient estimation of the conditional mean of the response variable at the original scale. We obtain two estimators which minimize the asymptotic mean squared error （MM） and the asymptotic bias （MB）, respectively. Both the estimators are very easy to implement, and simulation studies show that they are perform better.
