Impact of State-Owned Capital Participation on ESG Performance of Private Enterprises

As global investors and stakeholders increasingly prioritize environmental,social,and governance(ESG)performance,corporate social responsibility and sustainability have become crucial factors in determining corporate success.In the context of China’s robust economy,the involvement of state-owned capital exerts a profound impact on the ESG performance of private enterprises.This paper,starting from the perspective of ESG,analyzes how state-owned capital participation influences the ESG performance of private enterprises.Additionally,it proposes recommendations for the involvement of state-owned enterprises in private enterprises,aiming to foster the sustainable development of private enterprises and enhance their social responsibility.

Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in Bangladesh： A Statistical Analysis on State-Owned ＆ Private Commercial Banks

Corporate Social Responsibility （CSR） is integral and inseparable part of the long term business and sustainable growth and success, which plays an important role in promoting values both locally and internationally and usually is noticed as a developed-country sensation. As such, a great figure of literature on social arrangement of organizations has appeared in the perspective of developed states. CSR is an assurance of the organizations to action morally and add to financial progress of the people while improving the worth of the life of the employees and the local public in general. All over the world, CSR is essential for the organizations to confirm its sustainability. Though, CSR is a worldwide issue and all organizations practice it to some degree. In this paper, the authors made a determination to explain CSR and the related matter, and scrutinize the well-being performances of some State-Owned Commercial and Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh. As the central bank of Bangladesh, ＂Bangladesh Bank＂ has advised the commercial banks to play an effective part in the well-being of people. Therefore, this paper is an attempt to discover the degree to which the mentioned banks in Bangladesh accomplish their CSR activities and to search the level of revelation for CSR in their annual reports. The research has been directed with secondary data collected from the annual reports of the mentioned banks of more than a few years. Against this backdrop, this paper debates the situation prevailing practices of CSR in mentioned banks. The paper presented here in the three fold continuingly reviews the literature concerning CSR in the context of the contemporary world; inspects the well-being practices and presents the data of CSR practices of the mentioned banks and lastly presents the limitations and recommendations for better CSR practices of the mentioned banks in Bangladesh.

Private Rights Absorbed in Quasi-public Goods: A Probe into the Relationship of Intellectual Property Rights and Standardization

Standards are a double edge sword and have come to be the main technical tariff and a window for market access to international trade. Standards are closely related to intellectual property, especially patents. The essence of intellectual property in standardization lies in the fact that standards are a kind of quasi-public good, while patents are essentially private property. The absorption of patents into standards creates an opportunity for a patent holder to take advantage by making a profit. To prevent the abuse of patents in standards by the patent holder, SDOs (Standards Development Organizations) have to adjust the disclosure policies of the standards in patents.

Timberland Investing and Private Property Rights in the United States of America

Investments in rural land for agriculture, timber, and other natural resource purposes occur frequently and globally. Fundamental principles of liberty and property found in the United States of America’s (“US”) legal system, from its origins to recent US Supreme Court decisions, continue to positively benefit holders of real estate in the Southern US, through a deep-rooted public policy of supporting private property rights and rural economic development. This stable rule of law enhances the long-term adaptability and sustainability of timberland as an asset class. This article is a commentary. It combines legal research methodology with the observations and conclusions of the authors. Its purpose is to demonstrate that the existence of alienable, documentable ownership, and related property rights create inherent stability and security. These principles form the basis of a culture that is defined by the rule of law and is “open for business.” This business mindset is particularly prevalent in the Southern US.

Landmark Law Provides Equal Safeguards to Public,Private Property

Atier more than a quarter-century of market-oriented economic policies and unprecedented economic growths, China on March 15, 2007enacted its first law that provides equal legal safeguards to both public and private properties. The 247-article People＇s Republic of China Property Law, which is due to come into effect as of October 1, 2007, stipulates that ＂the property of the State, the collecfive, the individual and other obligees shall be protected by law, and no units or individuals may infringe upon it＂.

对“private property”的释义及与市场经济的关系

"private property"在现今能见到的中文解读里均翻译为"私有财产",但笔者认为为了更好地理解市场经济及其运作基础,应该释义为"分立的财产"似乎更为妥当。

知识产权私权话语表达之探讨——以对《TRIPS协定》“private rights”的翻译为切入点

知识产权私权论依托《TRIPS协定》的相关规定成为学界主流学说,而《TRIPS协定》中"private rights"可能的对译词不仅限于"私权"。将"private rights"翻译为私权是我国学者的一种学术选择,但"私权"这一符号隐含了可以优先于政治国家等难以被知识产权实践认可的潜台词,因而学者们对"知识产权私权论"添加了种种但书,然而这些但书因传播学的规律无法到达实践的领域,其后果是"知识产权私权论"在实践中被误读误用。在我国现实语境中,建议换一种翻译方法,选择一个更为价值中立的对译词,从而为建构更具有中国自主立场的知识产权学说作必要的理论铺陈。

Private Placement,Employee Ownership Plan and Mixed Ownership Reform--A Case Study of Wuliangye Listed Company

The reform core of state-owned enterprises is to develop mixed-ownership’s economy effectively,therefore there are so many large-and medium-sized state-owned enterprises using a variety of resources,adopting various ways to realize mixed-ownership reforms,enriching the theories of mixed-ownership reform,and creating a large number of practical samples.Wuliangye Company,as a very famous making liquor company in China,has issued a large of new stocks to excellent dealers,administrative staffs,and outstanding employees,so that the company can draw into massive private capital in 2016,so Wuliangye Company have made the first step about mixed-ownership reform among Chinese state-owned enterprises.Through comparing the quantity of monetary capital and asset-liability ratio of Wuliangye Company before and after directional issuing new stocks,the distrust about only adding money and welfare tool for relative benefit people can be eliminated.Moreover,the affection of directional issuing new stocks can promote Wuliangye Company dealers and employees to hold shareholdings,and optimize ownership structure.Wuliangye Company has got the exploration for optimizing equity structure to solid foundation for speeding up stated-owned enterprises reform paces,also providing some useful experiences of other mixed-ownership reform,and the ways and patterns are worthy of learning and studying.

知识产权法治建设的三个维度

私权保护、国家治理和国际协调是知识产权法治建设中的三个维度。知识产权的本质是人们依法就智力活动成果享有的私权,其客体是通过知识创新或经营劳动产生的特定信息,制度运行中出现的抢占信息资源并将其包装成知识产权客体牟利的乱象应予以纠正。基于信息的无形性,知识产权保护通常需要首先确定客体范围边界,然后对权利人予以及时充分的救济,因此需要行政和司法机关提供专业、便捷的确权及公正、高效的保护。这一建立在“以公开换保护”基础上的公权力介入特色,使得知识产权制度成为国家治理工具。知识产权保护还与国际贸易紧密相关,这一领域存在诸多国际条约。法治建设不能脱离本土实践,应基于地域性原则,结合经济学、社会学等原理,寻求国内国际法治协调发展的共赢之道。

马克思的分析—综合法与循环论证问题——《1844年经济学哲学手稿》“异化劳动和私有财产”文本再探

马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的“异化劳动和私有财产”部分运用了分析—综合法,形成事实—概念的文本逻辑,表明异化劳动的概念并不先验地、分析性地包含私有财产的概念。异化劳动与私有财产之间具有“(认识)理由—结果”的因果关系,这种关系的形成包含“异化劳动事实→异化劳动概念+‘资本家’→私有财产概念”的分析—综合过程。通过马克思的这种方法论,我们可以明确马克思在此文本中为自己制定的理论任务及性质,证明马克思关于异化劳动和私有财产关系的推论不是循环论证,并从多个方面澄清学界认为此推论是循环论证的质疑。以此为视角来探讨这个问题,有助于我们深入了解青年马克思的思维方式、思想层次和哲学观点,以及马克思分析—综合法的科学性和深刻性。

物权视角下新加坡有盖连廊建设机制探析

有盖连廊是适应炎热多雨气候特征,塑造城市步行友好环境和高质量城市公共空间的重要街道设施。梳理新加坡有盖连廊的发展历史,切入有盖连廊体系的物权结构,提炼出私有、公有、共有三种物权形态的连廊建设模式,指出涵盖多种物权形态的连廊建设机制是有盖连廊体系形成网络化和连通性的制度保障,精细化的设计导控规则是连廊体系无缝连接的技术支撑,高效持续的运维反馈机制是有盖连廊落地实施的效果保证。新加坡有盖连廊建设经验对我国岭南地区推广和建设有盖步行体系具有重要的启示意义。

马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的私有财产观探析

现代私有财产问题是国民经济学关注的核心问题,也是青年马克思想要解决的重要理论问题。与国民经济学家不同,马克思坚持从主体方面来理解现代私有财产,考察了现代私有财产运动及其内在关系,把劳动视为私有财产的主体本质,把现代私有财产看作是异化劳动的必然产物,把共产主义作为现代私有财产的积极扬弃,从而揭秘了劳动和资本对立的虚幻镜像,不但坚持以道德评价同历史评价相统一的原则来呈现其独特的现代私有财产观,而且坚持经济学解读模式与哲学解读模式的融合来实现对现代国民经济学的超越。

《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》中的女性解放思想及其当代启示

恩格斯的经典著作《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》不仅从两种生产、性别分工、家庭形式演变等多个层面揭示了妇女受压迫被奴役的原因,而且从发展生产力、女性参与社会劳动、家务劳动社会化多个角度展示了妇女解放的路径。面对当前妇女解放仍然存在的不平衡不充分问题,应以恩格斯提出的妇女解放思想为理论基点,从大力发展生产力,发挥女性在社会生产中的重要作用,探索家务劳动社会化的可能路径等角度出发,积极推动女性解放事业的发展,助力中华民族伟大复兴。

私有文物建筑产权问题及其解决路径研究

产权的排他性、经济性特征和产权制度的保障使得产权人对文物建筑的保护行为可以转化为自身利益,产权对私有文物建筑的保护激励作用由此体现。中国私有文物建筑具有公私权利竞合、产权流转的“房地一体”要求、产权量较大的特征,导致产权并未对私人和集体对私有文物建筑的保护行为起到高效的激励作用,具体表现为:公私权利主体行为的负外部性、“房地一体”背景下对私有文物建筑的抛弃、较大的产权量对文物建筑保护的不利影响。针对以上特征和问题,建议通过政府收购和产权置换的方式探索发展权转移制度,建立健全文物行政执法和社会监管制度,完善绩效考核制度,集中合并产权,建立建筑认养制度,从而有效解决产权问题对私有文物建筑的阻碍。

从创设型机制到支撑型机制:数字时代信息财产法律保护的范式转型

与有体财产不同,信息财产的法律保护机制遵循着秘密—公开信息的二分,仅秘密信息可通过保护对客体的事实控制来保障利益实现,即支撑型机制;公开信息则主要依靠法律创设排他性权利加以保护,即创设型机制。受限于权利法定原则,创设型机制需因应技术进步不断作出调整。伴随着数据成为新生产要素,国内主流观点主张在数据之上设立新的排他性权利,美国、日本等国的数据保护实践却选择对支撑型机制进行扩张,基于企业对数据的事实控制建构保护制度,这为信息财产保护提供了新范式。在数字环境下,信息与其含义、主体及物理载体逐渐分离,企业对信息的私力控制范围进一步拓宽,支撑型机制适用范围扩张,且相对于创设型机制更具效率优势,传统秘密—公开信息的二分方式已不再适用。为弥补技术变革环境下法定知识产权僵化和滞后的缺陷,应构建更具包容性和现代性的支撑型机制,在商业秘密制度基础上建立合法控制信息保护制度,对向有限主体提供、采取相应控制措施并因此具有商业价值的信息,禁止他人未经许可的获取、利用、公开行为。

Impact of carbon disclosure on debt financing costs

Creditors,such as banks,often use disclosed environmental information to assess a company’s environmental risk and ensure the safety of debt funds.Consequently,carbon disclosures have become an important consideration for creditors when making investments.This study explores the relationship between carbon disclosure and debt financing costs using data on listed companies from 2008 to 2019.The results show that carbon disclosure can reduce the debt financing costs of enterprises,and that this influence is more significant for private companies than for state-owned enterprises.Instrumental variables and Propensity Score Matching(PSM)were used to evaluate the robustness of negative relationships.Furthermore,carbon disclosure has a more significant impact on debt costs with less environmental supervision pressure,weak residents’environmental awareness,and weak product market competition.These findings provide guidance for companies’carbon information disclosure and support the establishment of official carbon disclosure standards.

马克思对私有财产的科学批判——基于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的研究

结合马克思思想发展历程及其毕生追求,重新梳理《1844年经济学哲学手稿》,确认其中心主题为私有财产,并以此作为切入点,厘清马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中对私有财产的科学批判:借助异化劳动理论,按照私有财产的起源—本质—运动—扬弃的逻辑主线,马克思揭示了私有财产的内涵就是资本主义生产关系;私有财产的主体本质是劳动;私有财产的确立过程表现为动产战胜不动产的历史过程;私有财产的发展动力是劳动和资本的辩证运动;私有财产扬弃的必然归宿是共产主义社会。这是马克思首次从经济学维度对资本主义社会进行的批判,初步揭示了资本主义社会运动发展的一般规律以及资本主义社会的历史性和非永恒性。

Computational Strategy Research on the Development of Kiruna,in Sweden

In Kiruna,nearly all the residents support the migration plan in order to make LKAB able to continue the mining process.Based on current condition,a larger part of this town will be demolished by the sinking land caused by iron ore mining processing operated by LKAB.Since then,most of the buildings in the sinking district will be relocated in another district.However,the situation in Kiruna is not quite the same as when this kind of migration happens in another place.In other place,while migration happens,even if not most,a large part of the local residents will resist and fight for their house and properties.Concentrated on the ownership of different buildings and tried find the relationship between the public and private buildings to discover some issue that will help to work on the computational urban design.

契约型私募基金强制清算的现实困境与制度优化

私募基金过度依赖IPO的退出模式导致了“退出难”问题,探索私募基金的强制清算制度有助于优化资源的市场化配置,保障私募基金投资人权益。但是目前契约型私募基金的强制清算存在着缺少法定强制清算情形、清算主体义务规定不明、清算程序执行缺乏监督、清算组工作机制不畅的现实困境。因此,从启动到治理,再到清算后的事务处理,需要建构起完善的制度流程。首先,完善强制清算的启动程序,明确基金管理人为清算义务主体;其次,完善清算组内部治理机制,明确清算小组的成员组成和更换机制,建立健全有效的工作机制和监督机制;再次,选择性地引入司法鉴定程序;最后,完善清算后的职责体系,确保契约型私募基金的强制清算合法合规,使契约型私募基金强制清算制度的构建沿着法治化轨道有序展开。

“循环论证”是一种误读——基于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》第一手稿的分析

《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中是否存在“循环论证”的问题是学术界长期争论的焦点。实际上,“循环论证”是对马克思的一种误读。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》第一手稿中,马克思从批判国民经济学出发,用国民经济学的语言和规律阐释问题。准确把握异化、外化和私有财产三个概念及其相互关系是破解“循环论证”的关键。外化劳动是私有财产的根源,外化劳动产生了基于自身劳动基础上的私有财产,而私有财产权的社会分化使得私有财产具有资本属性,进而产生异化劳动。马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》第一手稿中提出要研究异化劳动的起源和私有财产的本质,这对于人们理解劳动从个体向社会的转变具有重要意义,而这一问题的提出本身就打破了“循环论证”。