Clinical Observation of the Therapeutic Effects of Wenzhong Hewei Formula in Treating Spleen and Stomach Qi Deficiency Syndrome in Internal Medicine Diseases

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Wenzhong Hewei Formula in treating spleen and stomach qi deficiency syndrome in internal medicine diseases.Methods:Sixty patients with spleen and stomach qi deficiency syndrome admitted to the hospital from April 2022 to June 2023 were randomly divided into observation and control groups,with 30 patients in each group.The control group received conventional internal medicine treatment,while the observation group was additionally treated with Wenzhong Hewei Formula on the basis of conventional treatment.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.Results:The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores of both groups were significantly lower than before treatment,with the observation group showing a more pronounced reduction(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Wenzhong Hewei Formula can effectively improve clinical symptoms in patients with spleen and stomach qi deficiency syndrome,enhance clinical efficacy,and have a high level of safety,making it worthy of clinical promotion.

Analysis of the Spleen and Stomach Thoughts in Treating Eyelids Diseases in Essential Subtleties on the Silver Sea(《银海精微》)

Essential Subtleties on the Silver Sea(《银海精微》)is a well-known ophthalmology work of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).There are many discourses on eyelids diseases.This paper analyzed the classification of related diseases and their treatment methods and intends to sort out the pathogenesis of eyelids diseases related to the spleen and stomach function in TCM,thus inspiring new treatment ideas and guiding clinical treatment.Through the sorting out,it is found that the eyelids diseases are closely related to the function of the spleen and stomach such as the Qi(气)and blood generation and transformation,the blood circulation,and the Yin(阴)-Yang(阳)harmony.The corresponding treatments are various,including expelling the pathogen,moving Qi(气)and invigorating blood,warming and activating the spleen Yang(阳).

Study of T-lymphocyte subsets,nitric oxide,hexosamine and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with chronic gastric diseases

Chronic gastritis ( CG ) and peptic ulcer ( PU ) are frequently-occurring diseases. It is now well recognized that Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a major factor that leads to CG and PU[1-8] In order to study the relationship among T lymphocyte subsets, NO, Hexosamine and Hp infection in patients with chronic gastric diseases, the levelsof blood T lymphocyte subsets, plasma NO and hexosamine in gastric mucosa were measured respectively in 30 patients with CG and 32 patients of PU + CG.

FDX1 as a novel biomarker and treatment target for stomach adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Stomach adenocarcinoma(STAD)is one of the main reasons for cancer-related deaths worldwide.This investigation aimed to define the connection between STAD and Cuproptosis-related genes(CRGs).Cuproptosis is a newly identified form of mitochondrial cell death triggered by copper.AIM To explore the identification of potential biomarkers for STAD disease based on cuproptosis.METHODS A predictive model using Gene Ontology(GO),Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),Gene Set Variation Analysis(GSVA),and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis analyzed gene interconnections,focusing on 3 copper-related genes and their expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas-STAD.Networks for mRNA-miRNA and mRNA-transcription factor interactions were constructed.The prognostic significance of CRG scores was evaluated using time-receiver operating characteristic,Kaplan-Meier curves,and COX regression analysis.Validation was conducted with datasets GSE26942,GSE54129,and GSE66229.Expression of copper-related differ-entially expressed genes was also analyzed in various human tissues and gastric cancer subpopulations using the human protein atlas.RESULTS Three significant genes(FDX1,LIAS,MTF1)were identified and selected via LASSO analysis to predict and classify individuals with STAD into high and low CRG score subgroups.These genes were down-regulated in both risk categories.GO and KEGG analyses highlighted their involvement mainly in the electron transport chain.After validating their differential expression,FDX1 emerged as the most accurate diagnostic marker for gastric cancer.Additionally,the RCircos package localized FDX1 on chromosome 11.CONCLUSION Our study revealed that FDX1 could be a potential biomarker and treatment target for gastric malignancy,providing new ideas for further scientific research.

Potential application of Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-Rhubarb for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease based on network pharmacology and cell culture experimental verification

BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus,and the existing treatments cannot meet the needs of today's patients.Traditional Chinese medicine has been validated for its efficacy in DKD after many years of clinical application.However,the specific mechanism by which it works is still unclear.Elucidating the molecular mechanism of the Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma-rhubarb drug pair(NRDP)for the treatment of DKD will provide a new way of thinking for the research and development of new drugs.AIM To investigate the mechanism of the NRDP in DKD by network pharmacology combined with molecular docking,and then verify the initial findings by in vitro experiments.METHODS The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP)database was used to screen active ingredient targets of NRDP.Targets for DKD were obtained based on the Genecards,OMIM,and TTD databases.The VENNY 2.1 database was used to obtain DKD and NRDP intersection targets and their Venn diagram,and Cytoscape 3.9.0 was used to build a"drug-component-target-disease"network.The String database was used to construct protein interaction networks.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology analysis were performed based on the DAVID database.After selecting the targets and the active ingredients,Autodock software was used to perform molecular docking.In experimental validation using renal tubular epithelial cells(TCMK-1),we used the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay to detect the effect of NRDP on cell viability,with glucose solution used to mimic a hyperglycemic environment.Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle progression and apoptosis.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of STAT3,p-STAT3,BAX,BCL-2,Caspase9,and Caspase3.RESULTS A total of 10 active ingredients and 85 targets with 111 disease-related signaling pathways were obtained for NRDP.Enrichment analysis of KEGG pathways was performed to determine advanced glycation end products(AGEs)-receptor for AGEs(RAGE)signaling as the core pathway.Molecular docking showed good binding between each active ingredient and its core targets.In vitro experiments showed that NRDP inhibited the viability of TCMK-1 cells,blocked cell cycle progression in the G0/G1 phase,and reduced apoptosis in a concentrationdependent manner.Based on the results of Western blot analysis,NRDP differentially downregulated p-STAT3,BAX,Caspase3,and Caspase9 protein levels(P<0.01 or P<0.05).In addition,BAX/BCL-2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 ratios were reduced,while BCL-2 and STAT3 protein expression was upregulated(P<0.01).CONCLUSION NRDP may upregulate BCL-2 and STAT3 protein expression,and downregulate BAX,Caspase3,and Caspase9 protein expression,thus activating the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,inhibiting the vitality of TCMK-1 cells,reducing their apoptosis.and arresting them in the G0/G1 phase to protect them from damage by high glucose.

Multicenter Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial and Network Pharmacology Analysis of Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules for the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules through a clinical randomized controlled trial and to analyze the potential action targets and pathways of this formula using network pharmacology.Methods Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)of liver–stomach stagnant heat pattern who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group.The control group received oral rabeprazole,whereas the observation group were given Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules in addition to the rabeprazole.The treatment duration was 8 weeks.Clinical efficacy was observed in both groups after 8 weeks.Network pharmacology was used to analyze the action targets of ZhenzhuQingyuanGranules and the genes related to GERD,and core targets were inferred.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were conducted to explore the potential mechanisms of this formula.Results The clinical research results showed that the total effective rate in the treatment group was 92.68%,compared with 70.00%in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(p<0.05).After treatment,both Chinese medicine syndrome score and endoscopic score improved in both groups compared with before treatment(p<0.05),and the treatment group showed greater improvement than the control group(p<0.05).Network pharmacology identified effective components of Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules for treating GERD,including quercetin,luteolin,andβ-sitosterol,with potential action targets such as tumor protein 53(TP53),protein kinase B(AKT1),and tumor necrosis factor.Conclusion Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules can significantly improve clinical symptoms in patients with GERD of liver–stomach stagnated heat pattern,enhance clinical efficacy,and have high safety.This formula may exert therapeutic effects through multiple targets and pathways.

A new exploration of spleen and stomach theory to guide children's massage treatment of pediatric diseases

Under the guidance of the theory of spleen and stomach,the author uses the rule of"holding the central,transporting the four sides,regulating emotions,taking spleen and stomach as the center,conditioning the five internal organs",applying pediatric massage to treat pediatric spleen and stomach diseases,various acute and chronic diseases and difficult diseases.In the process,the organs are treated,the symptoms are treated,and the curative effect is achieved.

Beh et's disease complicated by multiple aseptic abscesses of the liver and spleen

Aseptic abscesses are an emergent entity and have been described in inflammatory bowel disease,especially in Crohn's disease,and in other diseases.However,aseptic abscesses associated with Beh et's disease are extremely rare.We report a Japanese male diagnosed with an incomplete type of Beh et's disease who developed multiple aseptic abscesses of the spleen and liver.In 2002,the spleen abscesses were accompanied by paroxysmal oral aphthous ulcers and erythema nodosum.As the patient's response to antibiotic treatment was inadequate,a splenectomy was performed.Severe inflammatory cell infiltration,largely of polymorphonuclear neutrophils,was observed without evidence of bacterial or fungal growth.Although the patient had no history of ocular symptoms or genital ulcers,a diagnosis of incomplete Beh et's disease was made according to the Japanese diagnostic criteria because of the presence of paroxysmal arthritis and epididymitis since 2002.In 2005,multiple liver abscesses developed with right hypochondrial pain and seemed to be attributed to Beh et's disease because the abscesses yielded negative results during a microbiologic investigation and failed to go into remission under antibiotic therapy.Oral prednisone(15 mg/d) was started in May 2006,and the abscesses dramatically disappeared 4 wk after treatment.Although the patient had a relapse of the liver abscesses in association with the tapering of prednisone,the augmentation of prednisone dosage yielded a response.The abscesses of the liver and spleen were strongly suggested to be attributed to Beh et's disease.Clinician should be aware of the existence of aseptic abscesses as uncommon manifestations of Beh et's disease.

Effect of Anterior Stomach Disease on Rumen Function of Beef Cattle

[Objective] To explore the effect of anterior stomach disease on the rumen function of beef cattle. [Method]The ruminal contraction function of beef cattle was recorded by multi-channel physiological recorder,the frequency of rumination and belching was observed to detect their effects on the motor function of rumen. Changes of ciliates in the rumen and the intensity of fermentation were determined to detect their influences on digestive function. [Results] The ruminal tension and systolic frequency significantly decreased and the rumination frequency decreased or even stopped under the condition of impactio ruminis,and the belching frequency also decreased. Ciliate numbers of atonia proventriculorum,rumen impaction and rumen expansion cattle were significantly lower than that of normal cattle( P < 0. 01),and the viability of ciliates also significantly decreased. [Conclusion] Occurrence of the stomach disease of beef cattle had significant adverse effects on ruminal function of cattle.

GC/MS-based differential metabolic profiling of human peptic ulcer disease to study Helicobacter pylori-induced metabolic perturbations

Helicobacter pylori infection has been significantly linked to Peptic Ulcer Disease and Gastric Cancer.Metabolomic fingerprinting may offer a principal way of early diagnosis and to understand the molecular mechanism of H.pylori-induced pathogenicity.The rationale of the study is to explore the underlying distinct metabolic mechanisms of H.pylori-induced PUD and to identify potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and associated risks using Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.GC/MS-based analytical method was used to compare metabolic profiles of healthy controls(N=20)and peptic ulcer patients(N=45).Acquired metabolomic data were analyzed by constructing a diagnostic model using principal component analysis and a non-parametric two-tailed paired Wilcoxon analysis to identify disease-specific metabolic biomarkers.A total of 75 low-molecular-weight endogenous metabolites were detected during comparative metabolomic analysis of PUD vs.healthy gut tissues,among which 16 metabolites are being proposed to be diagnostic markers of Human PUD.Perturbations related to amino acids,carbohydrates,fatty acids,organic acids,and sterol metabolism were significantly revealed during this differential metabolomic profiling.Results convincingly suggest that metabolic profiles can contribute immensely in early diagnosis of the disease and understanding molecular mechanisms of disease progression for predicting novel drug targets for prophylactic and anaphylactic measures.

The relationship between activities of hepatic and gastric alcohol dehydrogenase and occurrence of chronic alcoholic liver disease

Objective: To investigate the role of hepatic and gas-tric alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in different pa-thologic stages of alcoholic liver disease (ALD).Methods: Thirty-nine Wistar rats were divided ran-domly into two groups: model group (24) and con-trol group (15). The ALD model was established byinfusing alcohol into the stomach. After hepatic andgastric tissues had been stained by enzyme histo-cyto-chemistry assay, the activity varieties of hepatic andgastric ADH were observed by an optical micro-scope, and the activity alterations were also deter-mined by LUZEX-F image analysis as a semi-quanti-tative method.Results: The activity of hepatic ADH gradually in-creased, but that of gastric ADH gradually decreasedin the different pathologic stages of alcoholic liverdisease. There was a significant difference betweenthe model group and control group (P【0.05).Conclusions: Along with occurrence of ALD, the ac-tivity of hepatic ADH gradually increased, but thatof gastric ADH gradually decreased, showing thatthe activity alterations of hepatic and gastric ADHmay play an important role in the onset and develop-ment of ALD.

Crohn's disease of esophagus,stomach and duodenum

Crohn's disease with involvement of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum has a prevalence of 0.5% to 4% in symptomatic adult patients, but some studies have shown that these results may be underestimated, since upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is not performed routinely in the initial evaluation of the disease in adult patients, as it is in the pediatric population. In general, involvement of the upper gastrointestinal tract in Crohn's disease occurs concomitantly with involvement of the lower gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis depends on clinical,endoscopic, histological and radiological evaluation. The presence of aphthoid ulcers, longitudinal ulcers, bamboo-joint-like appearance, stenoses and fistulas are endoscopic findings suggestive of the disease, and it is important to exclude the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection. The primary histological findings,which facilitate the diagnosis, are the presence of a chronic inflammatory process with a predominance of lymphoplasmacytic cells and active focal gastritis. The presence of epithelioid granuloma, although less frequent, is highly suggestive of the disease in the absence of chronic granulomatous disease. Treatment should include the use of proton pump inhibitors associated with corticosteroids,immunomodulators and biological therapy according to the severity of the disease.

Diagnostic dilemma between intestinal Behet disease and inflammatory bowel disease with pyoderma gangrenosum

TO THE EDITOR I have read with great interest the very recent article rifled ＂Intestinal Behcet＇s disease with pyoderma gangrenosum： A case report＂ of Nakamura T et al that was published in your journal. The authors stated that they presented a very rare case of intestinal Behcet＇s disease with pyoderma gangrenosum in a 16-year old patient. However, I would like to make some important contributions and suggestions to the presented case and have a few questions to ask the authors.

Muscular atrophy and weakness in the lower extremities in Behçet’s disease: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND In Behçet’s disease(BD),very few cases of muscular involvement have been reported previously.The natural history and therapeutic protocol for muscular involvement in BD are obscure due to the low incidence of peripheral neuropathy or myopathy in BD.The purpose of our study was to report a rare case of BD with chronic,focal forms of neuromyopathy and review the relevant literature.CASE SUMMARY We herein report the case of a 54-year-old man who presented with progressive muscular atrophy and weakness of both thighs 2 years after the presentation of the cardinal symptoms of BD.The past medical history,electrophysiological study,neurological examination,blood tests,magnetic resonance imaging study,and histological exam were performed for the differential diagnosis.Relevant literature on muscular involvement in BD was reviewed.Neurological examination revealed that muscular involvement was predominantly localized in the proximal parts of the lower extremities.Heterogeneous enhancement of several thigh muscles was observed on magnetic resonance imaging,which corresponded with the clinical manifestations.Histological study of one of the enhanced muscles showed denervation atrophy of the muscle with superimposed myopathic changes,while electrophysiological studies only suggested denervation.CONCLUSION To our knowledge,this is the first case of neurogenic muscular atrophy with a specific set of clinical,radiological,electrophysiological,and histological findings reported in BD.

Efficacy of Whole Blood Reconstituted (WBR) in Exchange Transfusion (ET) in Hemolytic Disease of New Born (HDN) —A Study of 110 Cases

Aim: This study was aimed to review and establish the practice of exchange transfusion (ET) with whole blood reconstituted (WBR) in hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN). Objectives: To observe fall in indirect serum bilirubin, correction of anemia and comparison with related studies. Background: Hemolytic disease of the Newborn is characterized by presence of IgG antibodies in maternal circulation, which causes hemolysis in the fetus by crossing the placenta and sensitizing red cells for destruction by macrophages in the fetal spleen with consequent hyperbilirubinemia. Exchange transfusion with or without phototherapy is the method of choice for treating the newborn with on going hemolysis Methods/Materials: Sample size consisted of 110 neonates in whom 119 exchange transfusions were carried out with WBR. WBR was prepared by suspending O Rhesus-D (RhD) positive/negative cells (compatible with neonate’s/ mother’s serum) in AB plasma. Double volume exchange transfusion(s) were carried out through umbilical vein by push-pull technique. Results: Out of 110 cases, 61 (55.5%) were of RhD HDN whereas ABO and other group HDN cases were 30 (27.3%) and 19 (17.3%) respectively. An average post-ET fall in indirect serum bilirubin by 54.6% and correction of anemia by3.7 gm/dl were reported in the study. Conclusion: An average post-ET fall in indirect serum bilirubin and correction of anemia was found to be more significant when compared to other studies. Hence we recommend exchange transfusion in HDN with WBR to obtain reasonable fall in indirect serum bilirubin and high average rate of correction of anemia.

Research Progress of TCM Tongue Diagnosis in Spleen and Stomach Disease

According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,the tongue is thought to be an outer manifestation of the status of the viscera.It can be divided to spleen-stomach area,liver-gall area,kidney area,and heart-lung area.The tongue coating is formed by stomach-Qi.the tongue,especially spleen-stomach area,and the tongue coating may reflect the status of the spleen and stomach.This article summarizes the research overview of TCM tongue diagnosis in spleen and stomach disease.

Study on the mechanism and active components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on molecular docking

Objective:To explore the mechanism and active components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD)based on molecular docking.Methods:22 major components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei were screened from TCMSP and related literatures,which docked with the key targets of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.NLRP3,Caspase-1,GSDMD inhibitors MCC950,ML132 and LDC7559 were used as positive control to analyze the docking results.Results:The docking results showed that the main components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei had different degrees of binding with NLRP3,Caspase-1 and GSDMD targets,and the potential active components were mutanochrome and physciondiglucoside.Conclusion:Molecular docking predicts that the main components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei may act on NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway,and the active components may be mutanochrome and physciondiglucoside,which provides theoretical basis for revealing the anti-inflammatory mechanism and active components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the treatment of AD.

Correlation between endothelia cells activation and imbalance of cytokines in pulmonary hypertension of congenital heart disease

Objective To explore the correlation between endothelia cells activation and cytokines (ET-1, NO) levels in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), and to discuss their roles in the development of PH. Methods Twenty patients with simple ventricular septal defect (VSD) were chosen as controls, and 30 patients with PH were studied. Plasma levels of ET-1 and NO were measured by radioimmunoassay or colorimetric method. Before cardiopulmonary bypass was established, the specimens from right lung were fixed with formaldehyde solution, embedded with paraffin and stained by SP immunohistochemistry. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression was measured through the determination of the light density with computer imaging technology. Results Compared with that of the patients with simple VSD, the light density of ICAM-1 and plasma level of ET-1 increased in patients with PH; but plasma level of NO decreased (P<0.05). Positive correlation was observed between ICAM-1 and ET-1/NO (P<0.05). Conclusion Endothelia cells activation and imbalance of ET-1/NO might play an important role in the development of PH.

Clinic Analysis of Behet Disease

Purpose: To analyze the clinic manifestation and prognosis of Behet disease. Method: Twenty patients requiring inpatient treatment with Beh?觭et disease were retrosp-ectively analyzed. Results: The morbidity of Beh?觭et disease is 5.5/100 000. In the systemic damage, stom-atocace and skin lesion are 95%, eye lesion and genital ulcer 50%, joint lesion 45%, gastrointestinal lesion 35%, Uveitis is the major disease in eye lesion, and followed in order by retinal vasculitis and obstruction of retinal artery. Attack age average 30.3 years old. Diagnosis age average 34.8 years old. The patients stay in hospital for 41 days on the average. Cure rate is 55%, improvement rate 40%, blinding rate of eye lesion is 36%. Conclusions: Beh?觭et disease is a multisystem lesion disease. Stomatocace and skin lesion is the major lesion, the next in common occurrence are eye and genital lesions. Repeated attack of uveitis, complicated cataract and secondary glaucoma are the major causes of blindness.

Right Ventricular Thrombus and Tricuspid Valve Dysfunction in a Patient with Behçet’s Disease

Background: Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystemic, chronic inflammatory disorder with a broad range of manifestations including within the cardiovascular system. Cardiac involvement like intracardiac thrombus (ICT) and valvular involvement in BD are rarely seen entities and often associated with poor prognosis. Case Presentation: We present the case of a young patient with vascular-Behçet diagnosed by the presence of intracardiac thrombus in the right ventricle, unresponsive to medical treatment. Even though the intracardiac lesion was successfully treated by surgical excision, he presented a severe tricuspid dysfunction some years later due to the extension of fibrosis with no surgical therapeutic option. Conclusion: Intracardiac thrombosis is a rare but early manifestation of Behçet’s disease, which is difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis.