Analysis on Features of Temperature and Salinity in the Northern Taiwan Straits During February-March, 1998

The distributional features of temperature and salinity in the northern Taiwan Straits have been analyzed based on the CTD data during February-March, 1998. The characteristics of temperature and salinity are summarized as follows: (1) there exists a coastal water along the western coast of the Taiwan Straits, with low temperature and low salinity at the upper layer; (2) a high temperature and high salinity water tongue extends northeastward along the eastern coast of the Taiwan Strait.

Studies on ecological characteristics variation and population dynamics of four lizardfishes in the southern Taiwan Straits

The ecological characteristics of four lizardfishes, Trachinocephalus myops, Saurida undosquamis, Saurida tumbil and Saurida elongata, were studied from specimens （910 T. myops, 454 S. un-dosquamis, 686 S. tumbil and 744 S. elongata） collected monthly in the southern Taiwan Straits from April 2005 to March 2006. The population dynamics of the four lizardfishes was also discussed by the comparison with the previous studies. All being composed of 7 a classes; the dominant group of T. myops and S. tumbil was 1–2 a, while S. undosquamis and S. elongate were 2–3 a. The total mortality coefficient Z and the fishing mortality F were at high as indicated by the exploitation ratio E（0.5）, and a large number of by-caught juvenile and young fishes showing that the stock of lizardfishes in this area was overexploited and the fishing gear was irrational. Compared with the previous studies, the maximum and mean fork length, body mass and age of the four lizard- fishes declined gradually, the lizardfishes populations were younger in age and smaller in size. The asymptotic fork length L ∞ decreased while increasing growth coefficient k, and age at the inflexion point of mass t r was younger compared with the previous studies. The declining of older ones has moderated the feeding competition and the younger ones grew faster. The larger mortality param-eters Z, M and F have revealed higher fishing pressure. The smaller change of the first mature fork length of female T . myops and the change from K selection pattern to r selection pattern of S. tumbil have indicated a more vulnerable fishery ecosystem in this area. The changes of ecological characteristics and population dynamics may be caused by over-exploitation of demersal fishes such as the lizardfishes, especially a large number of juvenile and young fishes by-catch by the current fishing gears and methods. Therefore, in addition to the traditional fishery management approach such as the minimum length-limit, ecosystem approach to fisheries management （EAF） should be taken to improve the practical marine ecosystem management, including increased fishing intensity of the non-economic species especially the feeding competitors of the lizardfishes and the conservation of the pelagic fishery population in the fisheries ecosystem, in order to restore the fishery population and achieve the sustainable use of the fishery stocks.

Estimation of water volume transports through the main straits of the East China Sea

The structure of current speed and the variability of volume transports of the Kuroshio in the Tokara-kaikyo and Osumi-kaikyo are discussed on the basis of data of KER in the period from 1977 to 1984. The average geostrophic transport through these two straits is estimated to be 24. 5×106 m3/s and only 1/12 of the transport is through the Osumi-kaiky5. Countercurrents on both sides of the Kuroshio trunk are observed in the Tokara-kaikyo. Calculation indicates that the average geostrophic current speed is less than the GEK current speed, systematically. On the basis of the current measurements, the northward transports through the Taiwan Strait in winter and summer are estimated to be 1. 05×106and 3. 16×106m3/s, respectively. From Chu's data (1976) the average transport of the Kuroshio flowing into the East China Sea passing through the passage east of Taiwan is about 29. 3×106m3/s. From Miita and Ogawa's data (1984) the average transport through the Tsushima-kaikyo is 3. 6×106m3/s. Thus the volume transports through the above four straits are roughly in balance, the total outflowing transport is slightly larger than the total inflowing transport. The possible reasons resulting in the difference of transports are also discussed.

Source Parameters Evaluation of the 28^(th) December 1908 and 16^(th) January 1975 Earthquakes in the Messina Straits(Southern Italy)

The Calabria-Peloritani Arc is one of the most seismically active regions of Southern Italy.The most damaging event(Ⅰ0=ⅪMSK)occurred on December 28th,1908 in the Messina Straits area.This event,which caused at least 85000 casualties and widespread damage,has been identified as the greatest European seismic disaster of the 20th century.

Probabilistic Analyses of Seismic Hazard in the Messina Straits(Northeastern Sicily,Italy)

In order to assess the seismic hazard in an area with high seismogenic potential as the Messina Straits is, we employed the Cornell’s probabilistic approach, implemented by Bender and Perkins in the SEISRISKⅢcode,which allows calculating the expected ground motion.We considered all the earthquakes with magnitude M_s】4.0 reported in the CPTI04 catalogue and located in the seismogenic zones of Southern Italy(ZS9),which are able to

Spatial distribution and behavior of dissolved selenium speciation in the South China Sea and Malacca Straits during spring inter-monsoon period

Selenium(Se)has been recognized as a key trace element that is associated with growth of primary producers in oceans.During March and May 2018,surface water(67 samples)was collected and measured by HG-ICP-MS to investigate the distribution and behavior of selenite[Se(Ⅳ)],selenate[Se(Ⅵ)]and dissolved organic selenides(DOSe)concentrations in the Zhujiang River Estuary(ZRE),South China Sea(SCS)and Malacca Straits(MS).It showed that Se(Ⅳ)(0.14–3.44 nmol/L)was the dominant chemical species in the ZRE,related to intensive manufacture in the watershed;while the major species shifted to DOSe(0.05–0.79 nmol/L)in the MS,associated with the wide coverage of peatland and intensive agriculture activities in the Malaysian Peninsula.The SCS was identified as the northern and southern sections(NSCS and SSCS)based on the variations of surface circulation.The insignificant variation of Se(IV)in the NSCS and SSCS was obtained in March,potentially resulting from the high chemical activity and related preferential assimilation by phytoplankton communities.Contrastively,the lower DOSe concentrations in the SSCS likely resulted from higher primary production and utilization during March.During May,the concentration of Se(Ⅳ)remained low in the NSCS and SSCS,while DOSe concentrations increased notably in the SSCS,likely due to the impact of terrestrial inputs from surface current reversal and subsequent accumulation.On a global scale,DOSe is the dominant Se species in tropical oceans,while Se(Ⅳ)and Se(Ⅵ)are major fractions in high-latitude oceans,resulting from changes in predominated phytoplankton and related biological assimilation.

Fossil Human Humerus of Late Pleistocene from the Taiwan Straits

A highly petrified human right humerus was salvaged from the Taiwan Straits. The large and robust humerus has a well developed deltoid tuberosity that causes the obvious flexion at mid shaft. The axes of the upper and lower parts of the shaft are not on the same line and make an angle of 6 5°. This is considered a primitive trait different from that of Neolithic and modern humans, suggesting that the humerus is at the same evolutionary stage as "Minatogawa Man" from Japan and "Obercassel Man" from Germany. Coexistent fossil mammals indicate that the fossil humerus is late Late Pleistocene.

The source rupture feature of the southern Taiwan Straits earthquake of September 16，1994 （Ms7．3） ＆ the analysis of earthquake circumstance in southeastern coast of China

According to the source mechanism of the main shock and the distribution feature of the aftershocks occurring in the southern Taiwan Straits on Sept. 16, 1994, in this paper the authors analysed the source rupture feature of the major earthquake, demonstrated that this seismic sequence possessed the charateristics of a large intraplate earthquake. And according to the seismotectonic background and the historical seismicity in the area, the authors clarified the active characteristics of the seismically active belts along northwestern direction and analysed preliminarily the earthquake circumstance in the southeastern coast of China.

Underway Measurement of Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity in the Taiwan Straits in August, 1999

The distributional features of sea surface temperature and salinity (SST and SSS)in the Taiwan Straits have been analyzed using the SST and SSS underway measurements in August, 1999. The characteristics of SST and SSS are summarized as follows: There are several upwellings and diluted water in the Taiwan Straits. The upwellings are divided into two kinds: those along the western coast of the Taiwan Straits and those around the Taiwan Shoal. There are three sources of diluted water: diluted water of the Jiulongjiang River,diluted water of the Zhujiang River and diluted water of the Minjiang River.

Deep Seismic Exploration in the Taiwan Straits: The HX9 Survey Line Experiment and Preliminary Results

By using an offshore large volume air-gun seismic source, onshore seismic stations( including mobile stations and permanent stations) and ocean bottom seismometers,a deep seismic exploration experiment was carried out for the first time in the Taiwan Straits. Results show that seismic stations can receive seismic signals from the air-gun arrays of the "YANPING Ⅱ"scientific investigation ship from as far as 280 km away.Tens of thousands of high quality seismic data items were obtained successfully and different types of P-wave seismic phases were identified. A one-dimensional crustal structure model of the survey profile HX9 shows that the crustal structure,which is reflected by Pc and Pm P reflection waves from two velocity discontinuities and basement refraction wave( Pg) constitutes the basic characteristic of the crustal structure in this region. The depths of Conrad discontinuity and Moho discontinuity are respectively16. 0km- 17. 5km and 28. 0km- 29. 5km.

A preliminary study on genesis of the Qiongzhou Straits

The active period of the faults in the Qiongzhou Straits occurred principally in the Tertiary. The rupture zone is situated in the nearly E-W striking tectonic lowland between the Leizhou Peninsula and the Hainan Island, which was preformed by the southward and northward compressions due to the expansion of the South China Sea Basin. During the interglacial periods in the Quaternary, the lowland was inundated and deepened gradually due to erosion by sea curfent. It was until the last uprising of sea level during the postglacial period that the Qiongzhou Straits assumed its present appearance.

Ecological characteristics of planktonic ostracoda in the western waters of Taiwan Straits

In the sea area west of the middle line of Taiwan Straits, 116°40′～120°30′E, 22°22.9′～25°43′N, four cruises of comprehensive survey were conducted by the Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, from May, 1984 to February, 1985. The data concerned were taken from the quantitative samples obtained by using large-sized standard zooplankton nets, while the values adopted such as hydrological and chemical data of the various stations were from the average values of the field data of each one-meter layer.

Protection of Intellectual Property for Both Sides of the Straits

At the invitation of Pen-tsao Chang, Chairman of the Commercial Affairs Coordination Committee for the Two Sides of the Straits, a delegation composed of nine intellectual property experts and scholars, headed by Xie Jianqun, Vicechairman of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) and Chairman of the Economic and Trade Coordination Committee for the Two Sides of the Straits, recently paid a nineday visit to Taiwan. The visit caught the attention of Taiwan’s mass media as it was the first high-ranking economic

The Coulomb Stress Change Associated with the Taiwan Straits M_S 7.3 Earthquake on September 16,1994 and the Risk Prediction of Its Surrounding Faults

Using the focal mechanism solutions and slip distribution model data of the Taiwan Straits MS7.3 earthquake on September 16, 1994, we calculate the static Coulomb stress changes stemming from the earthquake. Based on the distribution of aftershocks and stress field, as well as the location of historical earthquakes, we analyze the Coulomb stress change triggered by the Taiwan Straits MS7.3 earthquake. The result shows that the static Coulomb stress change obtained by forward modeling based on the slip distribution model is quite consistent with the location of aftershocks in the areas far away from the epicenter. Ninety percent of aftershocks occurred in the stress increased areas. The Coulomb stress change is not entirely consistent with the distribution of aftershocks near the epicenter. It is found that Coulomb stress change can better reflect the aftershock distribution far away from the epicenter, while such corresponding relationship becomes quite complex near the epicenter. Through the calculation of the Coulomb stress change, we find that the stress increases in the southwest part of the Min-Yue (Fujian-Guangdong) coastal fault zone, which enhances the seismic activity. Therefore, it is deemed that the sea area between Nanpeng Island and Dongshan Island, where the Min-Yue coastal fault zone intersects with the NW-trending Shanghang-Dongshan fault, has a high seismic risk.

典雅精致的摇滚之声——Dire Straits

前两天得闲,又到本地专营进口发烧CD的唱片店去看看到了什么新货没有.进门后发现,货架上又增添了许多新面孔,听闻已久的一批FIM公司出品的XRCD正整整齐齐地摆在那里,其中有我喜爱的香港歌手林子祥、陈百强,还有试音天碟王菲的《天空》,日本爵士乐团三盲鼠的精选也终于一见.今天总算没白来,赶紧下手拿下《三盲鼠》和《林子祥精选》,舒舒服服地坐在店内试音间的皇帝位上先过一把瘾再说,XRCD的音效处理技术确实有其过人之处,几首三盲鼠的爵士精典作品听得人沉醉不已.

Effect of Seismicity in the Taiwan Straits on the Southeast Coastal Area of the Chinese Mainland

Based on the available and supplementary survey data,it analyzes the effect of seismicity in Taiwan and the Taiwan Straits on the southeastern coastal area of the Chinese mainland and discusses its roles in seismic hazard prevention and textual research of historical earthquakes. The results show that the frequency of strong earthquake in Taiwan Region is high,with a time interval ranging from several to dozens of years,but the maximum influence intensity of seismicity from there to the coastal areas of the Chinese mainland is only VI degree; while the maximum influence intensity of the seismicity along the littoral fault zone located on the west of the straits reaches VIII ～ IX degree because of the shorter distance to the Chinese mainland,though the frequency of strong earthquakes is lower than that of the Taiwan Region. Strategies for protecting against seismic hazards in the southeastern coastal area of China are proposed. Besides focusing on the effect of strong earthquakes of the littoral fault zone,attention also has to be paid to the low-cycle fatigue failure of engineering structures induced by the earthquakes in Taiwan and the stir effect on society induced by earthquake phobia. It is concluded that it would be more accurate and proper to take the May 19,1517 earthquake recorded in the Chinese mainland area as the influence of a strong earthquake in the Taiwan Region.

First Symposium on Petroleum Across Taiwan Straits Held in Taibei

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The 24th Straits Textile Clothing Fair working to a new blueprint

In 2021,Shishi City proposed to accelerate the formation of a 100-billion-scale e-commerce regional center and a 100-billion-level international trade distribution center.From April 18th to 20th,the 24th Straits Textile Clothing Fair(referred to as STCF)&2021 China Pants Industry Brand Expo was held as scheduled.

Sediment bacterial communities are more complex in coastal shallow straits than in oceanic deep straits

Straits are ideal models to investigate the bacterial community assembly in complex hydrological environments. However, few studies have focused on bacterial communities in them. Here, comparable bacterial communities in costal shallow Bohai Strait(BS) and oceanic deep Fram Strait(FS) were studied. The Shannon and Chao1 indices were both higher in BS than in FS. The relative abundances of the classes Deltaproteobacteria and Bacilli and the family Halieaceae were higher in BS than in FS, in contrast to the families OM1_clade and JTB255_marine_benthic_group, revealing typical characteristics of bacterial communities in coastal and oceanic regions. Cluster analysis based on the Bray-Curtis index showed that samples were clustered by depth layer in FS and BS, indicating that structures of bacterial communities would diff er with increasing water depth in straits. Additionally, the cluster relationships among samples in abundant and rare communities were both similar to those in entire communities. However, the dissimilarities among samples showed a descending order as rare communities, entire communities and abundant communities. Network analysis indicated that the BS network was obviously more complex than the FS network. Filamentous bacteria Desulfobulbaceae exhibited high degree values in BS but not in FS, indicating key roles of Desulfobulbaceae in the BS. Our study provides different and common evidences for understanding microbial ecology in coastal shallow and oceanic deep straits.

Reproductive biology of Hemitripterus villosus in the Bohai Strait,China

To understand the reproductive biology of Hemitripterus villosus in the Bohai Strait,and fill the key knowledge gap in verifying reproductive seasonality and documenting gonadotropin dependent reproductive cycle of this species,a year-round detail study was conducted for the first time.In total,263 individuals were randomly sampled off the coasts of the Bohai Strait.Results show that and the overall female-to-male ratio(1.35:1)did not differ significantly from the 1:1 sex ratio.The length and weight relationship for females and males were regressed,depicting an isometric growth for both sexes.Four reproductive phases of the complete gonadotropin dependent reproductive cycle in both sexes were identified.The monthly variations in the gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes for both sexes further indicated that this species spawns a single batch of eggs per year and the peak spawning period is from October to December.The average diameter of eggs ranged from 2.10 to 3.57 mm.The length at first sexual maturity was 224.87 mm for females and 241.26 mm for males.Significant positive relationships between absolute fecundity and fish size,and also gonadal weight were observed.H.villosus from the Bohai Strait exhibited smaller body size,smaller egg diameter,lower gonadosomatic index,lower absolute fecundity,and higher population extinction risk than the other populations’studied previously.Our findings contribute to understanding the status of this isolated westernmost population,and we emphasize that more efficient protection measures for the species and control measures are urgently required to improve the coastal environment in the Bohai Strait.