Status quo and Existing Problems of Seismic Prevention Planning in Counties and Districts——a Case Study of Hongsibao District, Wuzhong City,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

This paper introduced domestic and overseas status, the historical evolution and the development history of earthquake disaster reduction planning. The urgencies and realistic significance were analyzed to carry out earthquake disaster reduction planning for districts or countries in the northwest. With Hongsibao District in Wuzhong City, Ningxia Province as an example, this article analyzed in detail the present situation and the special problems of earthquake disaster reduction planning in Northwest China. The relevant solving measures were put forward in order to offer a reference for the scientific establishment and effective implementation of earth- quake disaster reduction planning in Northwest China. The foundation of earthquake disaster reduction in the Hongsibao District is still very weak, there is a single earthquake monitoring means, the emergency rescue system is not complete, the working mechanism is not perfect, and the lack of funding for the work of earthquake disaster reduction.

Holistic Psychopharmacology and Promiscuous Plants and Principles of Ayurveda

Consistent neglect of complex psychobiological processes involved in human health and diseases often leads to phar-macological discrepancies between preclinical and therapeutic observations. Numerous other pharmacological paradoxes arise from common practices of using dosing schedules in preclinical studies not identical to those in clinical studies. An Ayurveda centered holistic psychopharmacological strategy evolving from our efforts to identify plants potentially useful for preventing and combating illnesses and diseases could be a more rapid, rational, economically feasible, and realistic one for resolving such discrepancies and paradoxes. In this article, some observations made recently to experimentally very this conviction with the use of some well known medicinal plants are summarized and discussed in short. In addition, usefulness of the strategy for identifying edibles potentially useful for health care purposes, or for more objectively understanding “Ayurvedic biology” is pointed out.

Particulate matter trends and quantification of the spring sand-dust contribution in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,from 2013 to 2017

On 10 September 2013,the State Council promulgated the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution(hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan).To study the variations in the air pollutant concentrations in Hohhot during the implementation of the Action Plan and the effects of various measures,the daily concentrations of air pollutants(fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)),inhalable PM(PM 10),SO_(2),and NO_(2))in Hohhot published by the China Environmental Monitoring Station were obtained to analyze the general meteorological conditions in Inner Mongolia from 2013 to 2017.The variations and causes of the ambient PM concentration in Hohhot were examined,and the quantitative influence of sandstorms on the ambient PM concentration in Hohhot was analyzed by selecting the spring season with frequent sandstorms as an example.The results showed the following.(1)The air quality in Hohhot continuously improved,and compared with those in 2013,the PM_(2.5)and PM 10 concentrations decreased by 24.6%and 48.2%,respectively,in 2017.However,the air pollutant concentrations remained high,with the average PM_(2.5)and PM 10 concentrations exceeding the national secondary standards by 22.9%and 35.7%,respectively.(2)The reductions in the spring PM_(2.5)and PM 10 concentrations were 5.6%and 8.9%,respectively,and the annual decreases in the PM_(2.5)and PM 10 concentrations were 3.6 and 15.1μg m^(−3)yr−1,respectively,from 2013 to 2017.(3)The absolute contribution ranges of dust weather to the concentrations of PM_(2.5),PM 10,and TSP during 2013–17 were 0.6–5.2μg m^(−3),9.0–16.9μg m^(−3),and 14.7–30.0μg m^(−3),respectively,in Hohhot during the spring.

Impact of China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on PM2.5 chemical composition over eastern China

China promulgated the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan(the Action Plan)in 2013 and developed stringent control measures to mitigate fine particulate matter(PM2.5) pollution.Here,we investigated the PM2.5 chemical composition changes over eastern China associated with the Action Plan during 2013-2017 using satellite-based PM2.5 chemical composition data derived using CMAQ simulations and satellite inputs.The PM2.5 concentrations decreased considerably during this time as a result of the reductions in all chemical species in PM2.5.The population-weighted mean concentrations over eastern China decreased from 11.1 to 6.7μgm-3 for SO42-,13.8-13.1μgm-3 for NO3-,7.4-5.8μgm-3 for NH4+,9.9-8.4μgm-3 for OM,4.6-3.8μg m-3 for BC and 12.9-9.6μg m-3 for other species in PM2.5.SO42-had the largest reduction of 40%,while NO3-had the lowest reduction of 5%,resulting in a greater fraction of NO3-and a smaller fraction of SO42-in PM2.5.Among the three key regions,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei had the largest reduction in PM2.5 and its chemical compositions.The decrease in SO42-concentrations was in line with the reduction of SO2 emissions,and the major driver of the SO2 emission reductions was the industrial sector.The decrease in NO3 concentrations was limited because the decrease in SO2 emissions and the stable NH3 emissions facilitated the formation of NO3-from HNO3,which partially offset the reduction in NOx emissions driven by the power sector.To mitigate PM2.5 pollution more effectively,future efforts are needed to reduce NH3 emissions.

13th Five-Year Plan of Anhui Province For Heavy Metal Pollution Prevention and Control Issued

The 13th Five-Year Plan of Anhui Province for Heavy Metal Pollution Prevention and Control('Plan'),jointly prepared by the Anhui Provincial Environmental Protection Department,Anhui Provincial Development and Reform Commission and Anhui Provincial Commission of Economy and Information Technology with technical support from

Driving Environment Uncertainty-Aware Motion Planning for Autonomous Vehicles

Autonomous vehicles require safe motion planning in uncertain environments,which are largely caused by surrounding vehicles.In this paper,a driving environment uncertainty-aware motion planning framework is proposed to lower the risk of position uncertainty of surrounding vehicles with considering the risk of rollover.First,a 4-degree of freedom vehicle dynamics model,and a rollover risk index are introduced.Besides,the uncertainty of surrounding vehicles’position is processed and propagated based on the Extended Kalman Filter method.Then,the uncertainty potential field is established to handle the position uncertainty of autonomous vehicles.In addition,the model predictive controller is designed as the motion planning framework which accounts for the rollover risk,the position uncertainty of the surrounding vehicles,and vehicle dynamic constraints of autonomous vehicles.Furthermore,two edge cases,the cut-in scenario,and merging scenario are designed.Finally,the safety,effectiveness,and real-time performance of the proposed motion planning framework are demonstrated by employing a hardware-in-the-loop experiment bench.

Ecological and Environmental Protection Requirements in China s Regional Coordinated Development Strategy in the New Era

Starting from the historical evolution of China s regional coordinated development policy and practice,three stages of"enlightenment stage","development stage"and"maturity stage",as well as the connotation,characteristics and content of implementing regional coordinated development strategy were analyzed.On this basis,from different aspects of industrial distribution,pollutant characteristics and regional environmental protection policy,the existing ecological and environmental protection problems in China s regional coordinated development in the new era were analyzed,and some suggestions for the next step were put forward.It is necessary to follow the"four ones"concept from the overall point of view,implement"three lines and one list"from the perspective of the width of the access red line,strengthen"joint prevention and control"from the perspective of the depth of regional regulation,deepen the"planning environmental impact assessment"from the perspective of the breadth of industrial distribution,and promote the"green-way model"from the perspective of ecological low carbon.

Discussion on Emergency Prevention and Control Management Scheme of Radiology Department During Novel Coronavirus Epidemic

Since December 2019,epidemic cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) infection have continued to occur in many provinces and cities in China.The radiology department is the first-line department for primary image screening and auxiliary diagnosis,and theemergency prevention and control is particularly essential.This article summarizes and discusses our department’s emergency prevention and control plan in response to the novel coronavirus epidemic.It is intended to provide references and guides for the management work of the radiology department against severe infectious diseases.

中国大气污染防治政策与空气污染治理——基于城市级面板数据的实证研究

2013年颁布实施的《大气污染防治行动计划》是我国首个针对环境突出问题开展综合治理的行动计划;为巩固治理效果,应对动态变化的环境问题,2018年国务院进一步发布了《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》。研究利用中国258个城市2013年1月至2020年9月日度空气污染数据,实证检验了上述两阶段政策对空气质量的影响,并从不同污染物治理效果、时间和区域异质性等角度分析了政策效应的差异。结果指出:第一,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”均显著降低了AQI、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO;第二,相比“大气十条”,“蓝天保卫战”对NO_(2)的减排效应更高,且实现对O_(3)的协同治理;第三,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”对各污染物的减排效应因供暖时期、地区能源资源禀赋呈现出较强的异质性特征。

新阶段海河流域防洪重点内容与举措思路

海河流域水系复杂、暴雨洪水集中,极易形成洪涝灾害,防洪任务重。回顾了2008年海河流域防洪规划实施情况,分析了京津冀协同发展、雄安新区建设等国家重大战略的实施以及水利高质量发展、防灾减灾救灾新理念、应对气候变化对流域防洪减灾能力提出的新要求,全面梳理了本次防洪规划的重难点问题,提出了完善流域防洪体系的思路举措。

“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策的实施效果研究

推动减污降碳协同增效是深入打好污染防治攻坚战,实现碳达峰的必然要求。将《大气污染防治行动计划》和《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》视为一个连贯政策,运用渐进双重差分法探究了于2015和2018年提出的“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策实施效果。研究表明:“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策显著提高了“SO_(2)-CO_(2)”排放强度协同度和“PM-CO_(2)”排放量(强度)协同度,但该政策对“SO_(2)-CO_(2)”排放量协同度无显著影响。机制分析表明,提升政府监管水平、弱化政企关系以及增强企业绿色创新是政策的主要传导机制。异质性分析表明,政策效果在不同能耗水平的城市中具有显著差异,比起高污染上市公司,高耗能中小企业在污染物和CO_(2)的协同减排措施上仍存在较大改善空间。研究结论对我国优化“持续深入打好蓝天保卫战”相关政策提供启示。

基于城市内涝防治的竖向规划体系探索--《郑州市竖向规划编制工作指引(试行)》解读

随着全球气候变化加剧,作为影响城市防洪防涝安全的关键要素,城市竖向的重要性日益凸显。郑州市借助国土空间规划开展契机,深刻汲取“7·20”特大暴雨灾害教训,于2023年2月发布《郑州市竖向规划编制工作指引(试行)》(以下简称《工作指引》),构建了与国土空间规划体系相协调的“3个层级、5个类别”竖向规划编制体系,建立了因地制宜、刚弹相济的管控传导机制。结合郑州市发展特征和既有规划体系,《工作指引》梳理传统竖向规划的症结问题,明确各层级竖向规划内容和深度,从分层控制、统筹时空要素、规划协同、坚持安全底线、规划管理等层面探讨竖向规划编制方法和规划策略。《工作指引》将促进竖向规划的有效管理,推动郑州市国土空间规划体系完善,提升城市韧性承载能力。

《云南省消防专项规划编制技术导则》编制探讨

《云南省消防专项规划编制技术导则》针对传统消防专项规划存在的时间协同问题、空间协同问题和数据协调问题,以加强规划协同、建立工作协调机制和强化规划实施监督为目标,从“省+州(市)+县(市、区)”3个层次提出技术指引,统筹考虑中心城区、乡村地区、“四名一文一传”、产业园区、重要河流和旅游景区等区域的消防规划布局,是全国首部全域消防专项规划编制技术导则,其编制技术路线可为其他地区消防专项规划的编制与修订提供借鉴。

金属矿深部开采岩爆灾害防控研究进展与工程实践

随着浅部金属矿产资源的日益枯竭,金属矿山深部开采势在必行。开采进入深部后,高应力等复杂地质环境使得岩爆等灾害问题凸显,成为制约金属矿深部开采的主要问题之一。尽管岩爆灾害问题由来已久,但受其发生机制和监测手段的限制,始终未能得到有效解决。首先,通过文献调研,对岩爆评价体系和岩爆防控技术进行了系统的总结与归纳。结果表明,当前所提出的岩爆评价体系较多,能够对岩爆灾害的等级和倾向性进行较好地评价与预测。在岩爆防控技术体系方面,按照灾害处置时机和防护机制,可分为被动式防控技术和主动式防控技术两类。其次,基于开采方案优化和应力环境再造思想发展起来的整体规划理念,为金属矿深部开采岩爆灾害防控提供了新思路与新方法。最后,以三山岛金矿深部开采为背景,验证了整体规划理念下卸荷采矿方案在岩爆灾害防控上的优势与效果,为未来金属矿山深部开采岩爆灾害的超前干预与主动防控提供了有效借鉴。

采煤工作面的防灭火安全技术及策略研究

随着煤矿开采工作的不断进行,受到井下恶劣环境的影响,容易出现矿井火灾事故,给矿企带来较多的经济损失。为此,将以一煤矿开采工作为例,先进行工作面自然发火的分析,然后对实际应用的阻化剂防灭火、注氮防灭火、干冰防灭火等技术进行应用要点讨论,最后从通风管理、监测系统、气体抽采和避灾路线等方面,提出工作面防灭火的策略。以期能够在有效了解该矿的防灭火综合方案后,为综采工作面的防灭火提供参考,进一步提高采煤作业的安全性。

某水库超标准洪水应急防御预案研究

针对水库防汛期的薄弱环节及隐患问题,为制定超标准洪水应急防御预案,结合具体工程实例,采用圣维南经验公式法进行溃坝洪水计算,结合风险因素及溃坝洪水演算,设置了3类超标准洪水分析方案,从正常情况、非常情况及极端情况调度三方面制定避洪转移应急预案,通过调度、加固坝顶、避洪转移等举措,对防汛减灾产生积极影响,具有一定的借鉴意义。

甘肃特色防沙治沙总体布局及发展对策

甘肃省是我国重要的生态安全屏障和遏制风沙危害的战略前沿阵地,生态保护任务艰巨。文中总结甘肃荒漠化和沙化现状,围绕“三北”工程三大标志性战役提出甘肃防沙治沙总体布局、攻坚任务,分析工程建设面临的问题,并提出相应的对策,包括加强生态用水保障、强化区域联防联治、强化政策支持、着力提升科技支撑,旨在为甘肃省推进防沙治沙工作提供参考。

矿区水文地质条件分析及防治水方案研究

近年来,矿井水害引起安全事故时有发生,矿井涌水是困扰矿山安全生产的棘手问题。因此,在矿区周围区域开展水文地质调查,充分进行水文地质条件分析,预测矿坑涌水量,对井下水害预防具有重要意义。本文以鄂州市黄土咀矿区为例,分析研究了该矿区的水文地质条件,采用了定流大井法以及涌水量回归计算两种方法估算了该矿坑涌水量,并提出了相应的防治水方案,为矿山未来预防水害以及开采排水提供一定科学依据。

基于内涝数学模型的雨水与竖向规划优化研究

针对目前雨水规划和竖向规划存在的诸多问题,在城市新开发区域采用InfoWorks ICM软件构建“排水管道、河道与地表耦合”模型,对雨水和竖向规划初步方案进行区域内涝数学模型分析。结合模拟结果在内涝防治方面存在的问题对规划方案进行反复调整,多轮推算并结合土石方投资分析,得到雨水管网规划和地面竖向规划的最优方案,优化提升区域总体规划方案,提高规划设计的安全性、科学性和准确性,实现社会效益和经济效益的有机统一。

风险评估联合PDCA循环法在多重耐药菌感染防控中的应用

目的分析风险评估联合计划-执行-检查-处理(plan-do-check-act,PDCA)循环法在多重耐药菌感染(multiple drug-resistant organism,MDRO)防控中的应用效果。方法选取2021年7月—2023年6月菏泽市中医医院重症加强护理病房(intensive care unit,ICU)收治的患者360例,按照干预时间将2021年7月—2022年6月的180例患者作为对照组,2022年7月—2023年6月的180例患者作为研究组。对照组采取常规管理措施防控MDRO,研究组在其基础上采用风险评估联合PDCA循环法进行MDRO防控。比较2组MDRO防控措施的执行情况与MDRO的检出率。结果研究组的危急值报告、规范隔离、开具隔离医嘱、诊疗用品专用、诊疗时个人防护、手卫生、终末消毒的执行情况评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组MDRO检出率为5.56%,低于对照组的12.22%(P<0.05)。结论风险评估与PDCA循环法联合应用可以进一步提升MDRO防控工作的执行情况,降低MDRO发生风险。