Applications of a Streaming Video Server in a Mobile Phone Live Streaming System

This paper describes the entire process of completing a multicast streaming media server and applying it to a cellphone live streaming system. By using the RTSP protocol, the streaming media server controls the connection of video capture client, data stream reception and processing as well as playback interaction. The media server can publish real-time data from a data acquisition terminal or a historical data file in the server to the Web so that users on the network can view all the videos through a variety of terminals anytime and anywhere, without having to wait for all the data downloaded completely. The streaming media server of the system is developed based on an open-source streaming media library Live555. The developed server can run on a Windows or a Linux system. The standard RTSP/RTP protocol is used and the video media format is H264. The paper mainly introduces the design of a streaming media server, including data processing for real time, designing a data source, the implementation of multi-acquisition end and multi-player operation, RTSP interaction and RTP packaging, and the setting up of the data buffer in the server. Experiment results are given to show the effect of the system implementation.

Improving Playback Quality of Peer-to-Peer Live Streaming Systems by Joint Scheduling and Distributed Hash Table Based Compensation

In Peer-to-Peer(P2P) streaming systems,video data may be lost since peers can join and leave the overlay network randomly,thereby deteriorating the video playback quality.In this paper we propose a new hybrid mesh and Distributed Hash Table(DHT) based P2P streaming system,called HQMedia,to provide high playback quality to users by maintaining high data dissemination resilience with a low overhead.In HQMedia,peers are classified into Super Peers(SP) and Common Peers(CP) according to their online time.SPs and CPs form a mesh structure,while SPs alone form a new Streaming DHT(SDHT) structure.In this hybrid architecture,we propose a joint scheduling and compensation mechanism.If any frames cannot be obtained during the scheduling phase,an SDHT-based compensation mechanism is invoked for retrieving the missing frames near the playback point.We evaluate the performance of HQMedia by both theoretical analysis and intensive simulation experiments on large-scale networks to demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of the proposed system.Numerical results show that HQMedia significantly outperforms existing mesh-based and treebased P2P live streaming systems by improving playback quality with only less than 1% extra maintenance overhead.

Automating QoS and QoE Evaluation of HTTP Adaptive Streaming Systems

Streaming audio and video content currently accounts for the majority of the Internet traffic and is typically deployed over the top of the existing infrastructure. We are facing the challenge of a plethora of media players and adaptation algorithms showing different behavior but lacking a common framework for both objective and subjective evaluation of such systems. This paper aims to close this gap by proposing such a framework, describing its architecture, providing an example evaluation, and discussing open issues.

Peer priority based data scheduling algorithm in P2P streaming system

In order to solve the problem that the existing data scheduling algorithm cannot make full use of neighbors' bandwidth resources when allocating data request among several senders in the multisender based P2P streaming system,a peer priority based scheduling algorithm is proposed.The algorithm calculates neighbors' priority based on peers' historical service evaluation as well as how many wanted data that the neighbor has.The data request allocated to each neighbor is adjusted dynamically according to the priority when scheduling.Peers with high priority are preferred to allocate more data request.Experiment shows the algorithm can make full use of neighbors' bandwidth resources to transmit data to reduce server pressure effectively and improve system scalability.

Benefiting from providing multi-dimensional view of peers in overlay of P2P streaming system

Most overlay of existing P2P streaming systems just focus on the view point of video content data.An multi-dimensional overlay for the P2P streaming system(MDOPS) is proposed for providing multi-dimensional view including video data,peers' service capability and online stability based on locality sensitive hashing.MDOPS organizes all Live/VoD peers and the above multi-dimensional information in a one-dimensinal DHT,uses range resource information publish/search and introduces multiple load balancing methods.MDOPS maintains an additional candidate coordinating peer list with high qualified peers who own the video data the peer would possibly access currently and in future.This list could speed up the process of searching peers for data scheduling layer.Simulation experiment based on trace of real streaming system has testified that MDOPS can effectively improve the quality of search results and smooth load distribution among peers without increasing the cost of resource publish/search.

Network address translation traversal based on Bernoulli laws of large number in P2P streaming system

P2P streaming application must realize network address translation （NAT） traversal. To handle low success ratio of the existing NAT traversal algorithm, UPnP-STUN （UPUN） and port-mapping sample estimation （PMSE） algorithm are recommended in this paper. UPUN is the combination of UPnP and STUN, and PMSE utilizes port mapping samples added by symmetric NAT for different sessions to estimate regularity of port mapping of symmetric NAT, which takes advantage of the Bernoulli law of large numbers. Besides, for the situation that both peers are behind NAT, and to handle heavy relay server load when many inner peers want to communicate with each other, a peer auxiliary-relay （PAR） algorithm is presented. PAR lets outer peers with sufficient bandwidth act as relay servers to alleviate pressure of real server, which could avoid NAT traversal failure caused by single point failure of relay server. Finally, experiments show that the proposed algorithms could improve the success ratio significantly for NAT traversal in P2P streaming application as well as improve P2P streaming application applicability.

View Direction Adaptive 360 Degree Video Streaming System Based on Projected Area

360 video streaming services over the network are becoming popular. In particular, it is easy to experience 360 video through the already popular smartphone. However, due to the nature of 360 video, it is difficult to provide stable streaming service in general network environment because the size of data to send is larger than that of conventional video. Also, the real user's viewing area is very small compared to the sending amount. In this paper, we propose a system that can provide high quality 360 video streaming services to the users more efficiently in the cloud. In particular, we propose a streaming system focused on using a head mount display (HMD).

An Efficient Modelling of Oversampling with Optimal Deep Learning Enabled Anomaly Detection in Streaming Data

Recently,anomaly detection(AD)in streaming data gained significant attention among research communities due to its applicability in finance,business,healthcare,education,etc.The recent developments of deep learning(DL)models find helpful in the detection and classification of anomalies.This article designs an oversampling with an optimal deep learning-based streaming data classification(OS-ODLSDC)model.The aim of the OSODLSDC model is to recognize and classify the presence of anomalies in the streaming data.The proposed OS-ODLSDC model initially undergoes preprocessing step.Since streaming data is unbalanced,support vector machine(SVM)-Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique(SVM-SMOTE)is applied for oversampling process.Besides,the OS-ODLSDC model employs bidirectional long short-term memory(Bi LSTM)for AD and classification.Finally,the root means square propagation(RMSProp)optimizer is applied for optimal hyperparameter tuning of the Bi LSTM model.For ensuring the promising performance of the OS-ODLSDC model,a wide-ranging experimental analysis is performed using three benchmark datasets such as CICIDS 2018,KDD-Cup 1999,and NSL-KDD datasets.

The viscous strip approach to simplify the calculation of the surface acoustic wave generated streaming

In recent decades,the importance of surface acoustic waves,as a biocompatible tool to integrate with microfluidics,has been proven in various medical and biological applications.The numerical modeling of acoustic streaming caused by surface acoustic waves in microchannels requires the effect of viscosity to be considered in the equations which complicates the solution.In this paper,it is shown that the major contribution of viscosity and the horizontal component of actuation is concentrated in a narrow region alongside the actuation boundary.Since the inviscid equations are considerably easier to solve,a division into the viscous and inviscid domains would alleviate the computational load significantly.The particles'traces calculated by this approximation are excellently alongside their counterparts from the completely viscous model.It is also shown that the optimum thickness for the viscous strip is about 9-fold the acoustic boundary layer thickness for various flow patterns and amplitudes of actuation.

Chemical simulation teaching system based on virtual reality and gesture interaction

Background Most existing chemical experiment teaching systems lack solid immersive experiences,making it difficult to engage students.To address these challenges,we propose a chemical simulation teaching system based on virtual reality and gesture interaction.Methods The parameters of the models were obtained through actual investigation,whereby Blender and 3DS MAX were used to model and import these parameters into a physics engine.By establishing an interface for the physics engine,gesture interaction hardware,and virtual reality(VR)helmet,a highly realistic chemical experiment environment was created.Using code script logic,particle systems,as well as other systems,chemical phenomena were simulated.Furthermore,we created an online teaching platform using streaming media and databases to address the problems of distance teaching.Results The proposed system was evaluated against two mainstream products in the market.In the experiments,the proposed system outperformed the other products in terms of fidelity and practicality.Conclusions The proposed system which offers realistic simulations and practicability,can help improve the high school chemistry experimental education.

Research on Current Situation and Legal Regulation of Cosmetics Live Streaming E-commerce in China

Analyze the compatibility between cosmetics and live streaming e-commerce from its own nature,marketing means and supply chain characteristics.According to the prominent problems,sort out the relationship between all parties in the cosmetics live e-commerce industry chain.Combined with the latest regulatory policies of live streaming e-commerce and cosmetics,the responsibilities of different subjects in cosmetics live streaming e-commerce are summarized,and relevant suggestions and countermeasures are put forward for the standardization and development of live streaming e-commerce.Cosmetics brand owners are the first responsible persons for product quality.Anchors,as a mixed identity between intermediary,advertising spokesperson and operator,should bear stricter joint and several liability when recommending products related to consumers’health.If anchors fail to clearly identify themselves in the recommendation process,thus causing consumers to mistake them for the operator of the cosmetics,they should assume the obligations of the operator.

Significance of Live Streaming in Shaping Business: A Critical Review and Analytical Study

With the rise of live streaming on social media, platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube have become powerful business tools. They enable users to share live videos, fostering direct connections between businesses and their customers. This critical literature review paper explores the impact of live streaming on businesses, focusing on its role in attracting and satisfying consumers by promoting products tailored to their needs and wants. It emphasizes live streaming’s crucial role in engaging customers, a key to business growth. The study also provides viable strategies for businesses to leverage live streaming for growth and customer engagement, underscoring its importance in the business landscape.

基于Spark Streaming的车辆电子围栏技术实现与应用

文章提出一种基于Spark Streaming实时数据流处理框架,使用Kafka作为车辆轨迹数据的消息队列服务,结合拓扑关系判断算法射线法的车辆电子围栏技术。应用表明,该技术能够处理高吞吐率、强实时性的车辆动态数据,满足车辆动态精细化监管需求。

A Study on the Factors Influencing Consumer Purchase Decision Under the Live-Streaming Sales Model

In recent years,with the rapid development and popularization of Internet information technology,many new media platforms have risen rapidly,and major e-commerce companies have begun to explore the mode of livestreaming.Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic,due to the lockdown,live-streaming has become an important means of economic development in many places.Owing to its remarkable characteristics of timeliness,entertainment,and interactivity,it has become the latest and trendiest sales mode of e-commerce channels,reflecting huge economic potential and commercial value.This article analyzes two models and their characteristics of live-streaming sales from a practical perspective.Based on this,it outlines consumer purchasing decisions and the factors that affect consumer purchasing decisions under the live-streaming sales model.Finally,it discusses targeted suggestions for using the live-streaming sales model to expand the consumer market,hoping to promote the healthy and steady development of the live-streaming sales industry.

Machine Learning Based Classifiers for QoE Prediction Framework in Video Streaming over 5G Wireless Networks

Recently,the combination of video services and 5G networks have been gaining attention in the wireless communication realm.With the brisk advancement in 5G network usage and the massive popularity of threedimensional video streaming,the quality of experience(QoE)of video in 5G systems has been receiving overwhelming significance from both customers and service provider ends.Therefore,effectively categorizing QoE-aware video streaming is imperative for achieving greater client satisfaction.This work makes the following contribution:First,a simulation platform based on NS-3 is introduced to analyze and improve the performance of video services.The simulation is formulated to offer real-time measurements,saving the expensive expenses associated with real-world equipment.Second,A valuable framework for QoE-aware video streaming categorization is introduced in 5G networks based on machine learning(ML)by incorporating the hyperparameter tuning(HPT)principle.It implements an enhanced hyperparameter tuning(EHPT)ensemble and decision tree(DT)classifier for video streaming categorization.The performance of the ML approach is assessed by considering precision,accuracy,recall,and computation time metrics for manifesting the superiority of these classifiers regarding video streaming categorization.This paper demonstrates that our ML classifiers achieve QoE prediction accuracy of 92.59%for(EHPT)ensemble and 87.037%for decision tree(DT)classifiers.

Design and Implementation of a Proxy Caching System for Streaming Media

With the widespread use of streaming media application on the Internet, a significant change in Internet workload will be provoked. Caching is one of the applied techniques for enhancing the scalability of streaming system and reducing the workload of server/network. Aiming at the characteristics of broadband network in community, we propose a popularity-based server-proxy caching strategy for streaming medias, and implement the prototype of streaming proxy caching based on this strategy, using RTSP as control protocol and RTP for content transport. This system can play a role in decreasing server load, reducing the traffic from streaming server to proxy, and improving the start-up latency of the client. Key words streaming server - proxy - cache - streaming media - real time streaming protocol CLC number TP 302 - TP 333 Foundation item: Supported by the National High Technology Development 863 Program of China (2001AA111011).Biography: Tan Jin (1962-), male, Ph. D candidate, research direction: network communications, multimedia technologies, and web caching.

Efficient User Authentication and Key Management for Peer-to-Peer Live Streaming Systems

Recent development of the peer-to-peer （P2P） live streaming technique has brought unprecedented new momentum to the Internet with the characters of effective, scalable, and low cost. However, before these applications can be successfully deployed as commercial applications, efficient access control mechanisms are needed. This work based on earlier research of the secure streaming architecture in Trust- Stream, analyzes how to ensure that only authorized users can access the original media in the P2P live streaming system by adopting a user authentication and key management scheme. The major features of this system include （1） the management server issues each authorized user a unique public key certificate, （2） the one-way hash chain extends the certificate＇s lifetime, （3） the original media is encrypted by the session key and delivered to the communication group, and （4） the session key is periodically updated and distributed with the media. Finally, analyses and test results show that scheme provides a secure, scalable, reliable, and efficient access control solution for P2P live streaming systems.

Research of the Streaming Media System Architecture Based on Net-RAID

In the typical streaming media system, the streaming media server is system bottleneck with the expansion of Internet subscribers. This paper proposes an innovational high performance streaming media system architecture (HPSMS) based on the logical separation of streaming media transport protocol. The system avoids expensive store-and-forward data copies between streaming media server and storage devices, improves the system performance greatly. The system bandwidth continuously increases with the expansion of storage system capacity is the highlight. The performance of the proposed HPSMS is evaluated through a practical prototype implementation.

基于Spark Streaming的气象自动站实时流处理与存储系统

在当前大数据技术蓬勃发展的时代,人们对气象数据的实时处理、数据质量、数据存储及大规模查询等要求也越来越高。针对现有气象自动站数据业务落地环节多,任务处理耦合紧但系统部署分散等问题,文中基于Spark Streaming的流式计算框架,研究使用Flume解析收集自动站原始数据,在Spark Streaming中设计融入自动站数据质控算法,最终通过对分布式数据库存储的表设计,使气象自动站数据具备高效率、高质量、高可靠的应用服务能力。性能测试结果表明,基于Spark Streaming的气象自动站数据实时流处理与存储系统,数据从文件采集、解码、流处理至入库的全流程能够在秒级完成,TB级数据查询响应为毫秒级,加权查询为秒级,完全满足自动站数据业务应用需求,从而为进一步提高气象自动站数据质量与服务水平提供基础支撑。

An energy-saving scheduling scheme for streaming media storage systems

The rapid growth of streaming media applications on the Internet is proposing higher requirements on energy consumption and I/O performance of the storage systems.However,the optimized I/O requests from different initiators will be mixed disorderly when they are reaching the storage system concurrently,which leads to increasing energy consumption.This paper proposes an energy-saving scheduling scheme based on I/O Stream(ES-IOS).The ES-IOS scheme can take the advantage of the I/O characteristics of streaming media and reorganize the mixed and disordered I/O requests into "streams".Technically,The ES-IOS scheme includes two main points,a priority-based weighted stream scheduling algorithm(PWSS) and a regression-fitting-based popularity prediction algorithm(RFPP).The PWSS algorithm can schedule the I/O streams in weighted queue based on priority to limit energy consumption.The priority of each stream is determined by its popularity.According to the I/O access records over a period,the RFPP algorithm can predict the popularity of each stream via regression fitting.Based on the popularities,the PWSS algorithm assigns more continuous service time to the hot streams and reversely less service time to the cold ones.Trace-driven experiments show that the ES-IOS scheme can reduce the energy consumption by 38%and enhance the I/O throughput by 27%approximately.