The influences of canopy temperature measuring on the derived crop water stress index

Crop water stress index(CWSI)is widely used for efficient irrigation management.Precise canopy temperature(T_(c))measurement is necessary to derive a reliable CWSI.The objective of this research was to investigate the influences of atmospheric conditions,settled height,view angle of infrared thermography,and investigating time of temperature measuring on the performance of the CWSI.Three irrigation treatments were used to create different soil water conditions during the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 winter wheat-growing seasons.The CWSI was calculated using the CWSI-E(an empirical approach)and CWSI-T(a theoretical approach)based on the T_(c).Weather conditions were recorded continuously throughout the experimental period.The results showed that atmospheric conditions influenced the estimation of the CWSI;when the vapor pressure deficit(VPD)was>2000 Pa,the estimated CWSI was related to soil water conditions.The height of the installed infrared thermograph influenced the T_(c)values,and the differences among the T_(c)values measured at height of 3,5,and 10 m was smaller in the afternoon than in the morning.However,the lens of the thermometer facing south recorded a higher T_(c)than those facing east or north,especially at a low height,indicating that the direction of the thermometer had a significant influence on T_(c).There was a large variation in CWSI derived at different times of the day,and the midday measurements(12:00-15:00)were the most reliable for estimating CWSI.Negative linear relationships were found between the transpiration rate and CWSI-E(R^(2)of 0.3646-0.5725)and CWSI-T(R^(2)of 0.5407-0.7213).The relations between fraction of available soil water(FASW)with CWSI-T was higher than that with CWSI-E,indicating CWSI-T was more accurate for predicting crop water status.In addition,The R^(2)between CWSI-T and FASW at 14:00 was higher than that at other times,indicating that 14:00 was the optimal time for using the CWSI for crop water status monitoring.Relative higher yield of winter wheat was obtained with average seasonal values of CWSI-E and CWSI-T around 0.23 and 0.25-0.26,respectively.The CWSI-E values were more easily influenced by meteorological factors and the timing of the measurements,and using the theoretical approach to derive the CWSI was recommended for precise irrigation water management.

Effects of nitrogen deposition on the carbon budget and water stress in Central Asia under climate change

Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen(N)plays a significant role in shaping the structure and functioning of various terrestrial ecosystems worldwide.However,the magnitude of N deposition on grassland ecosystems in Central Asia still remains highly uncertain.In this study,a multi-data approach was adopted to analyze the distribution and amplitude of N deposition effects in Central Asia from 1979 to 2014 using a process-based denitrification decomposition(DNDC)model.Results showed that total vegetation carbon(C)in Central Asia was 0.35(±0.09)Pg C/a and the averaged water stress index(WSI)was 0.20(±0.02)for the whole area.Increasing N deposition led to an increase in the vegetation C of 65.56(±83.03)Tg C and slightly decreased water stress in Central Asia.Findings of this study will expand both our understanding and predictive capacity of C characteristics under future increases in N deposition,and also serve as a valuable reference for decision-making regarding water resources management and climate change mitigation in arid and semi-arid areas globally.

Three-dimensional stress variation characteristics in deep hard rock of CJPL-Ⅱ project based on in-situ monitoring

In deep hard rock excavation, stress plays a pivotal role in inducing stress-controlled failure. While the impact of excavation-induced stress disturbance on rock failure and tunnel stability has undergone comprehensive examination through laboratory tests and numerical simulations, its validation through insitu stress tests remains unexplored. This study analyzes the three-dimensional stress changes in the surrounding rock at various depths, monitored during the excavation of B2 Lab in China Jinping Underground Laboratory Phase Ⅱ(CJPL-Ⅱ). The investigation delves into the three-dimensional stress variation characteristics in deep hard rock, encompassing stress components and principal stress. The results indicate changes in both the magnitude and direction of the principal stress during tunnel excavation. To quantitatively describe the degree of stress disturbance, a series of stress evaluation indexes are established based on the distances between stress tensors, including the stress disturbance index(SDI), the principal stress magnitude disturbance index(SDIm), and the principal stress direction disturbance index(SDId). The SDI indicates the greatest stress disturbance in the surrounding rock is 4.5 m from the tunnel wall in B2 Lab. SDIm shows that the principal stress magnitude disturbance peaks at2.5 m from the tunnel wall. SDId reveals that the largest change in principal stress direction does not necessarily occur near the tunnel wall but at a specific depth from it. The established relationship between SDI and the depth of the excavation damaged zone(EDZ) can serve as a criterion for determining the depth of the EDZ in deep hard rock engineering. Additionally, it provides a reference for future construction and support considerations.

Crop water stress index for off-season greenhouse green peppers in Liaoning, China

The crop water stress index(CWSI)is a complex instrument to effectively monitor the degree of water stress of crops and provides guidance for timely irrigation.In an experiment utilizing the CWSI with off-season green peppers planted in barrels in a greenhouse in Liaoning Province,Northeast China,this study monitors the sub-indexes--such as canopy temperature,environmental factors and yield--determines the changing law of each constituent,achieves an empirical model as well as a baseline formula for the canopy temperature of the peppers with a sufficient water supply,and verifies the rationality of the formula with corresponding experimental data.The results obtained by using the CWSI show that the optimal time to determine the water deficit for off-season green peppers is at noon,by measuring the diurnal variation in the peppers with different water supplies.There is a nonlinear relationship between the yield and the average CWSI at the prime fruit-bearing period;moreover,the optimal time to supply water for off-season green peppers comes when the average water stress index ranges between 0.2 and 0.4 during the prime fruiting stage,thereby ensuring a high yield.

A method for canopy water content estimation for highly vegetated surfaces-shortwave infrared perpendicular water stress index

In this paper, a new method for canopy water content (FMC) estimation for highly vegetated surfaces- shortwave infrared perpendicular water stress index (SPSI) is developed using NIR, SWIR wavelengths of Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) on the basis of spectral features and distribution of surface targets with different water conditions in NIR-SWIR spectral space. The developed method is further explored with radiative transfer simulations using PROSPECT, Lillesaeter, SailH and 6S. It is evident from the results of validation derived from satellite synchronous field measurements that SPSI is highly correlated with FMC, coefficient of determination (R squared) and root mean square error are 0.79 and 26.41%. The paper concludes that SPSI has a potential in vegetation water content estimation in terms of FMC.

Novel association between sperm deformity index and oxidative stress-induced DNA damage in infertile male patients

Aim:To investigate the impact of abnormal sperm morphology using the sperm deformity index (SDI) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and its correlation with sperm DNA damage.Methods:Semen samples were collected from men undergoing infertility screening (n=7) and healthy donors (n=6).Mature spermatozoa were isolated and incubated with 5 mmol/L β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) for up to 24 h to induce ROS.Sperm morphology was evaluated using strict Tygerberg's criteria and the SDI.ROS levels and DNA damage were assessed using chemiluminescence and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated fluorescein- dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays,respectively.Results:SDI values (median [interquartiles]) were higher in patients than donors (2 [1.8,2.1] vs.1.53 [1.52,1.58],P=0.008).Aliquots treated with NADPH showed higher ROS levels (1.22 [0.30,1.87] vs.0.39 [0.10,0.57],P=0.03) and higher incidence of DNA damage than those not treated (10 [4.69,24.85] vs.3.85 [2.58,5.10],P=0.008).Higher DNA damage was also seen following 24 h of incubation in patients compared to donors.SDI correlated with the percentage increase in sperm DNA damage following incubation for 24 h in samples treated with NADPH (r=0.7,P=0.008) and controls (r=0.58,P=0.04). Conclusion:SDI may be a useful tool in identifying potential infertile males with abnormal prevalence of oxidative stress (OS)-induced DNA damage.NADPH plays a role in ROS-mediated sperm DNA damage,which appears to be more evident in infertile patients with semen samples containing a high incidence of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa.

Assessment of Photochemical Reflectance Index as a Tool for Evaluation of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters in Cotton and Peanut Cultivars Under Water Stress Condition

The relationships between photochemical reflectance index （PRI） and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were examined to assess suitability of PRI as a remote-sensing tool for the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using cotton and peanut crops under water stress condition. Five cotton and six peanut cultivars were grown using Andosole soil in pots maintained at two water levels; the control and water stress treatment （WS） of 100 and 50% of the daily transpiration, respectively. Higher non-photochemical quenching （NPQ） was exhibited by peanut than that of cotton by the water stress. On the other hand, the decreases of the actual quantum yield of photosystem II （△F/F＇m） and PRI by the water stress in cotton were larger than those in peanut. There were positively significant correlation coefficients between PRI and △F/F＇m in cotton at noon and in the afternoon including the control and WS. The correlations of PRI with NPQ were negatively significant at noon and in the afternoon for cotton, and in the afternoon for peanut. No clear relationship was found among these parameters in the morning probably due to the diurnal increase in global solar radiation. It was concluded that there would be a possibility to detect the effects of water stress on △F/F＇m and NPQ by PRI with some exceptions, although PRI could not note varietals differences in △F/F＇m and NPQ for each treatment.

不同木豆幼苗低温胁迫下的生理响应及耐寒性鉴定

木豆[Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]为热区重要的粮饲兼用作物。为解析木豆响应低温胁迫生理特性及耐寒能力,本研究以8份木豆种质幼苗为试验材料,通过低温胁迫(4℃)处理,对木豆8个生理指标测定分析,运用隶属函数综合分析法鉴定其耐寒性。结果表明:随低温胁迫时间的延长,木豆相对电导率(REC)和可溶性糖(SS)、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)的含量呈升高趋势,超氧化物气化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性随低温处理时间的延长呈先升后降之势,叶绿素(Chl)含量总体呈下降趋,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性变化存在差异,仅P_(2)中CAT活性差异显著。运用隶属函数综合评价木豆耐寒性强弱为:缅甸木豆>海南儋州木豆>木豆(170306001)>木豆(060302216)>ICPL7086>木豆(南02137)>广西木豆>海南琼中木豆,且木豆耐寒性与Chl含量、SOD和POD活性呈显著相关,这些指标可以作为木豆耐寒性评价的可信指标。

红景天注射液对帕金森病患者治疗效果及血清DJ-1/Nrf2通路相关氧化应激指标的影响

目的 探究红景天注射液对帕金森病患者治疗效果及血清DJ-1/核因子相关因子2(Nrf2)通路相关氧化应激指标的影响。方法 前瞻性选取2021年6月至2022年6月来河北北方学院附属第一医院治疗的120例帕金森病患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组与对照组,每组各60例。对照组患者接受常规抗帕金森病治疗,研究组患者在此基础上联用红景天注射液治疗,连续治疗4周。比较两组患者的临床疗效,治疗前、治疗后4周的氧化应激指标[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、DJ-1蛋白、Nrf2],治疗前、治疗后4个月的帕金森病综合症状、生活质量情况,并观察两组患者不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗后,观察组患者的治疗有效率为96.61%,明显高于对照组(83.05%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后4周,观察组患者血清SOD、GSH-Px、Nrf2水平分别为(44.27±2.19) U/mL、(44.12±6.72) U/L、(669.68±87.23) U/L,均明显高于对照组[(31.29±2.97) U/mL、(40.82±4.12) U/L、(602.09±52.31) U/L],而血清丙二醛、DJ-1蛋白水平分别为(2.27±0.86) nmol/mL、(7.08±2.19)μg/L,均明显低于对照组(3.69±1.15) nmol/mL、(10.92±1.29)μg/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后4个月,观察组患者的UPDRS评分为(46.23±2.34)分,明显低于对照组[(63.28±1.93)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后4个月,观察组患者的生理功能、躯体功能、社会功能、心理状态、情感功能5个方面的评分分别为(73.12±5.22)、(78.23±2.34)、(81.23±2.13)、(88.29±3.91)、(86.39±3.23)分,均明显高于对照组[(53.13±6.48)、(59.28±4.92)、(69.24±5.91)、(71.23±2.03)、(71.13±3.25)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者不良反应发生率为8.47%,明显低于对照组(23.73%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在常规抗帕金森病治疗基础上,采用红景天注射液治疗帕金森病可明显提高患者的临床疗效,抑制DJ-1/Nrf2通路相关氧化应激反应,改善帕金森病症状,提高患者生活质量,降低不良反应发生率。

Clinical effect of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride on mild-to-moderate depression

BACKGROUND Depression is a common,chronic,and recurrent mood disorder that has become a worldwide health hazard.Fluoxetine hydrochloride,a common treatment method,can inhibit 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)recycling in the presynaptic membrane;however,the efficacy of a single drug is inadequate.At present,mildto-moderate depression can be treated with acupuncture of ghost caves,but the clinical curative effect of combined therapy with fluoxetine hydrochloride has not been sufficiently reported.AIM To evaluate the clinical effect of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression.METHODS This retrospective study included 160 patients with mild-to-moderate depression who were admitted to Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,between January 2022 and June 2023.Patients were separated into a single-agent group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment,n=80)and a coalition group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment combined with acupuncture at ghost points,n=80).Pre-treatment symptoms were recorded,and the clinical curative effect and adverse reactions[Asberg Antidepressant Side Effects Scale(SERS)]were assessed.Depression before and after treatment[Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)-24],neurotransmitter levels[5-HT,norepinephrine(NE),dopamine(DA)],oxidative stress indicators[superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)],and sleep quality[Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)]were compared.RESULTS The total efficacy rate was 97.50%in the coalition group and 86.25%in the single-agent group(P<0.05).After 2,4,6,and 8 wk of treatment,the HAMD,self-rating depression scale,and SERS scores of the coalition and single-agent groups decreased compared with pre-treatment,and the decrease was more significant in the coalition group(P<0.05).After 8 wk of treatment,the levels of NE,DA,5-HT,and SOD in the coalition and single-agent groups increased,while the levels of MDA decreased;the increases and decrease in the coalition group were more significant(P<0.05).The PSQI scores of the coalition and single-agent groups decreased,and the decrease was more significant in the coalition group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Acupuncture at ghost points combined with paroxetine tablets can safely improve depressive symptoms and sleep disorders,regulate neurotransmitter levels,and reduce stress responses in patients with mild-to-moderate depression.

丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸联合熊去氧胆酸治疗原发性胆汁性胆管炎的效果及对氧化应激指标的影响

目的研究丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸联合熊去氧胆酸治疗原发性胆汁性胆管炎(PBC)的效果及对氧化应激指标的影响。方法选取2017年5月至2022年5月在我院接受治疗的100例PBC患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组采用熊去氧胆酸治疗,观察组采用丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸联合熊去氧胆酸治疗。比较两组的肝功能指标、炎症和氧化应激指标、临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,观察组的总胆红素(TBiL)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)以及天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的白细胞介素-12(IL-12)、磷脂转运蛋白(PLTP)、丙二醛(MDA)水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸联合熊去氧胆酸治疗PBC的效果理想,可明显改善肝功能,抑制机体氧化应激反应。

资本市场系统性风险监测及风险跨市场溢出研究——基于金融压力指数视角

本文从股票、债券、衍生品、外汇四个市场选取指标构建资本市场压力指数,对中国资本市场系统性风险进行动态测度;在此基础上,从时域和频域视角考察风险在四个子市场间的溢出效应。研究结果表明:本文构建的资本市场压力指数能够准确识别样本区间内的重大风险事件;极端冲击将导致风险溢出水平上升,各子市场在风险传递中的作用具有差异性和时变性;根据风险溢出的大小、方向和长短期结构,能够对风险动态演化过程及驱动因素进行有效判别。本文的研究对完善资本市场风险动态监测体系具有重要价值。

迷你临床演练评估(Mini-CEX)在中医儿科临床带教中的应用效果

目的 分析迷你临床演练评估(Mini-CEX)在中医儿科临床带教中的应用效果。方法 选取2019年5月—2020年5月医院中医儿科实习医学生30例,按随机数字表法分为研究组15例和对照组15例,对照组采用传统教学方法,研究组采用Mini-CEX教学方法。对比两组中医临床综合能力、临床教学认可情况、压力指数和职场正念评分以及职业满意度评分变化。结果 干预后,研究组临床判断、沟通技巧评分较对照组高(P<0.05);研究组提高学习积极性,提高学习效率,提高自主学习能力、提高发现问题能力、提高解决问题能力与对照组对比无显著差异(P>0.05);干预后,研究组压力指数较对照组低、职场正念评分较对照组高(P<0.05);干预后,研究组职业满意度评分较对照组高(P<0.05)。结论 Mini-CEX教学方法可以提高实习医学生的中医临床综合能力,减轻实习医学生对临床工作的压力,提高其职场正念和职业满意度。

干旱胁迫下丛生福禄考的生理响应

以丛生福禄考(Phlox subulata)为材料,采用干旱胁迫的方法,研究不同干旱处理时间对丛生福禄考生理指标的影响,以期为研究丛生福禄考响应干旱胁迫的分子机制提供理论依据,为福禄考属植物园林应用及种质资源创新提供参考依据。结果表明,随着干旱时间的延长,丛生福禄考根系MDA含量在干旱4天时含量较高,之后呈下降趋势。总糖含量在干旱8天时达到最低值,之后缓慢增加。Pro含量呈现升-降-升-降变化,SOD活性先下降然后上升,POD活性呈现先下降后上升再下降的趋势。综上所述,丛生福禄考在遭受到干旱胁迫损伤后,积累了一定的活性氧,进而激发了氧化过程,复水后恢复。可见,丛生福禄考具有较强的耐旱能力。

外源亚精胺对苜蓿幼苗干旱缓解生理机制分析

为探讨外源亚精胺(Spd)提高苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)抗旱的生理机制并为干旱缓解提供理论依据,本研究以‘龙苜807’为材料,采用营养液法培养苜蓿幼苗,以20%PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫,研究不同浓度的Spd(0,0.3,0.6,0.9,1.2 mmol·L^(-1))对苜蓿幼苗叶片细胞膜透性、抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质及叶绿素的影响,利用隶属函数法综合评价外源Spd最佳缓解浓度。发现0.9 mmol·L^(-1) Spd使干旱胁迫下苜蓿幼苗叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量、H_(2)O_(2)含量和O_(2)^(-)·产生速率降低37.29%,46.84%和39.00%;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性增大65.75%和60.21%;可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量增加93.27%和52.30%;叶绿素含量增加76.54%;0.6 mmol·L^(-1) Spd使干旱胁迫下苜蓿幼苗POD活性增加26.07%。1.2 mmol·L^(-1) Spd处理可溶性糖含量增加了77.62%。适宜Spd浓度可有效缓解干旱对苜蓿幼苗的伤害,以0.9 mmol·L^(-1) Spd为最佳。因此,外源Spd浓度可稳定苜蓿生物膜系统,增强抗氧化能力,维持细胞渗透平衡,有效缓解干旱对苜蓿幼苗的伤害。

复方中药对热应激条件下肉牛生理指标、生长性能及血清生化指标的影响

试验旨在探讨复方中药对热应激条件下肉牛生理指标、生长性能及血清生化指标的影响。选取体况良好、体重相近的育肥期夏南牛24头,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%的复方中药。试验期30 d。结果显示:整个试验期间牛舍内环境温湿指数(THI)大于72,牛处于热应激状态。在试验第20、30 d,1.0%组和1.5%组牛的呼吸频率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,1.0%组牛的干物质采食量和平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),0.5%和1.0%组的料重比显著降低(P<0.05);1.0%组的总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)含量、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著升高(P<0.05),尿素氮(BUN)、葡萄糖(GLU)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量显著降低(P<0.05);1.0%和1.5%组的免疫球蛋白G (IgG)和白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲粮中添加复方中药可以改善肉牛的热应激反应,添加量以1.0%效果较好。

腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术在胃癌患者中的应用效果

目的:分析腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术在胃癌患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年1月—2023年12月徐州市丰县人民医院收治的胃癌手术患者60例为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各30例。对照组采用开腹胃癌根治术,观察组采用腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术。比较两组手术指标、应激指标、胃功能及并发症发生率。结果:两组淋巴结清扫数量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组手术时间长于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,肠鸣音恢复时间、住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后,两组丙二醛(MDA)水平高于术前,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平低于术前,观察组MDA水平低于对照组,SOD水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后,两组胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ水平高于术前,胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ水平低于术前,观察组胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ水平高于对照组,胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术手术时间长于开腹手术,但术中出血量少,对胃功能的影响小,可减轻患者的应激反应,缩短肠鸣音恢复时间及住院时间,安全性好。

基于氧化应激生物标志物的抗生素制药废水生态风险评价

近年来我国制药产业发展迅速,由此产生了大量的制药废水。制药废水尤其是抗生素制药废水的排放,对水环境造成了潜在威胁。以石家庄市某制药厂达标排放的抗生素制药废水为研究对象,将斑马鱼暴露于不同浓度的抗生素制药废水中(体积分数为10%、40%、70%),分别于第3、6、9、12、15天测定斑马鱼肌肉组织中活性氧自由基(ROS)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)和磷酸化组蛋白H2AX(γ-H2AX)6项氧化应激生物标志物的活性或含量,并基于生物标志物测定结果计算基于改进的综合生物标志物响应指数(IBR v2)以评价其生态风险。结果表明:抗生素制药废水的胁迫使斑马鱼肌肉组织产生了氧化应激反应,但不同实验组之间的响应时间存在差异,暴露第6天时,70%实验组的ROS含量、CAT活性、GSH含量、MDA含量和γ-H2AX含量均较对照组发生了显著的变化(p<0.001),响应时间早于10%和40%实验组,表明高浓度抗生素制药废水胁迫能够快速诱导斑马鱼产生氧化应激反应;基于6项肌肉组织氧化应激生物标志物的IBR v2值计算结果显示,达标排放的抗生素制药废水仍具有较高的环境风险,且高浓度的制药废水产生的生态风险更加快速和持久。本研究可为抗生素制药废水生态风险评价和相关排放标准的制定和完善提供参考。

盐胁迫下不同基因型核桃实生幼苗生长及生理响应

【目的】研究不同基因型核桃实生幼苗对盐胁迫的生长及生理响应状况,综合评价其耐盐能力,为盐碱地区耐盐品种的筛选提供参考。【方法】以新新2号(JX2)、温185(JW185)、扎343(JZ343)和辽宁1号(JL1)共4种基因型种子的当年生实生苗为材料,以不同浓度NaCl溶液(0、50、100、200和300 mmol·L^(-1))进行胁迫处理,观测幼苗生长状况,测定处理不同天数(6、12、18和24天)的光合参数、膜透性、渗透调节物质、酶活性和内源激素含量等相关生理指标,对4种基因型的耐盐能力进行综合评价。【结果】1)盐胁迫条件下,4种基因型幼苗的生长受到不同程度的影响,各基因型的叶片均表现出了不同程度的枯黄、卷曲和脱落等盐害症状,苗高增量、地径增量及植株干质量等生长指标随NaCl浓度的增加呈下降趋势,其中,JX2生长状况相对较好,受抑制程度较轻。2)随盐浓度的增加和胁迫时间的延长,各基因型的叶绿素含量和光合参数总体呈下降趋势,JX2较对照的降幅较小,表现较好。3)随盐浓度的增加和胁迫时间的延长,相对电导率(REC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量总体呈上升趋势,其中,JX2的REC值和MDA含量较低,较对照增幅较小,JZ343则相反。4)随盐浓度的增加和胁迫时间的延长,脯氨酸(Pro)含量总体呈上升趋势,可溶性糖(SS)和酶活性总体表现为先增加后减少,其中,JX2积累的Pro和SS较多,并且JX2的酶活性较高。5)在内源激素方面,促进脱落酸(ABA)生成的同时抑制了生长素(IAA)等的合成。【结论】盐胁迫显著影响各基因型幼苗的生长和光合作用,使其叶片细胞光合活性降低,植株生长减缓,幼苗能够通过增加渗透调节物质含量、提高酶活性、调节自身激素平衡等机制来应对盐胁迫。通过综合评价可知,4种基因型耐盐能力的大小顺序为:JX2>JW185>JL1>JZ343。

百令胶囊治疗早期腹膜透析患者的疗效分析

目的:研究百令胶囊治疗早期腹膜透析(EPD)患者的疗效。方法:选取2019年1月—2020年12月就诊于宜昌市中心人民医院的100例EPD患者,采用随机数字表法将其分成两组,对照组患者接受EPD治疗(n=50),观察组患者行EPD治疗的同时加服百令胶囊(n=50)。对比研究两组患者治疗三个月后的肾功能、营养状况、微炎症因子及氧化应激指标。结果:在改善肾功能方面,观察组患者残余肾功能(RRF)、24 h尿量及24 h超滤量均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05);在营养状态方面,观察组患者血清白蛋白(Alb)、前白蛋白(PA)、转铁蛋白(TRF)及血红蛋白(Hb)明显高于对照组(均P<0.05),且观察组患者的改进主观全面营养评定量表(MQSGA)明显降低(10.02±1.05分vs 12.54±2.20分,P<0.05);在微炎症指标方面,观察组血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)水平均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05);在氧化应激方面,观察组患者血清中丙二醛(MDA)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)含量较对照组均显著降低,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力明显高于对照组(均P<0.05);两组患者不良反应无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:百令胶囊可有效缓解EPD患者氧化应激反应、减轻微炎症状态,改善营养不良,提高患者的肾功能。