Anti-hypertensive effects of rosiglitazone on renovascular hypertensive rats:role of oxidative stress and lipid metabolism

This study investigated the anti-hypertensive mechanismof rosiglitazone in renovascular hypertensive rats,and examined its relationship to oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. The renovascular hypertension was induced by stenosis of the left renal artery. Four groups of rats were selected： control,induced untreated,rosiglitazone（ 20 mg / kg） and captopril（ 10 mg / kg）. After 14 d of administration,compared with induced untreated group,rosiglitazone group reduced the renovascular hypertensive rats ＇ systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure,and decreased total cholesterol（TCH）,triglyceride（TG）,angiotensin II（ Ang II） and angiotensin receptor（ AT1） levels（ P ＆lt; 0. 05）. Meanwhile,rosiglitazone remarkably decreased the levels of malondialdehyde（ MDA） and hydrogen peroxide（ H2O2） while improved the levels of supperoxide dismutase（ SOD） and reduced glutathione（ GSH）. These results suggested that rosiglitazone could effectively decreased the blood pressure in renovascular hypertensive rats,and this might be performed by regulating the activity of angiotensin and the lipid metabolismand improving the oxidative stress.

Metabolomic characteristics of spontaneously hypertensive rats under chronic stress and the treatment effect of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder, a traditional Chinese medicine formula

Objective: Numerous studies have demonstrated the close relationship between chronic stress and blood pressure(BP). Hypertensive subjects exhibit exaggerated reactions to stress, especially higher BP. The mechanisms by which stress affects pre-existing hypertension still need to be explored. Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder(DP), a historical traditional Chinese medicine formula, is a promising treatment for BP control in hypertensive patients under stress. The present study investigated the metabolomic disruption caused by chronic stress and the treatment effect and mechanism of DP.Methods: Spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs) were subjected to chronic restraint stress(CRS) for 4 weeks. BP was measured via the tail-cuff method, and anxiety-like behavior was quantified using the elevated-plus-maze test. Meanwhile, DP was administered intragastrically, and its effects were observed. Global metabolomic analysis was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by multivariate statistical analysis to detect differential metabolites and pathways.Results: DP alleviated the CRS-induced increase in BP and anxiety-like behavior. Systematic metabolic differences were found among the three study groups. A total of 29 differential plasma metabolites were identified in both positive-and negative-ion modes. These metabolites were involved in triglyceride metabolism, amino acid(phenylalanine, tryptophan, and glycine) metabolism, and steroid hormone pathways.Conclusion: These findings expose the metabolomic disturbances induced by chronic stress in SHRs and suggest an innovative treatment for this disorder.