A Survey on the Current Situation of Prehospital First Aid about Knowledge, Belief and Behavior among University Students in Jingzhou

Objective: To understand the current situation of prehospital first aid knowledge, attitude and behavior of university students in Jingzhou City. Methods: A prehospital first aid knowledge questionnaire and the convenience sampling method were used to survey 307 university students in Jingzhou City. Results: The mean score of prehospital first aid knowledge of university students in Jingzhou City was 12.85 ± 2.643, the mean score of attitude was 50.73 ± 4.114, and the mean score of behavior was 39.05 ± 8.898;There was a statistically significant difference in the scores of prehospital first aid knowledge, attitude, and behavior of university students depending on whether or not they had received prehospital first aid training (P P Conclusion: Jingzhou University students have a positive attitude toward pre-hospital first aid, but the knowledge level and behavior are low, which suggests that the government, society and the school should create good conditions to promote the improvement of pre-hospital first aid knowledge and ability.

Chinese college student aid policy:A case study of H University

The research findings have made it clear that Chinese college student aid policy has several characteristics.Generally speaking,student financial aid is increasing up to some extent.The government financial aids focus mostly on improving equality of educational opportunity in higher education.However,aids from the government are inadequate,especially national student loans.Besides,all kinds of aids were decreasing from 2004 to 2006 and the aid programs were short of stability between various years.In order to improve equal access to higher education through student aid policy,it is necessary to enlarge the government aids and reform the aid system.

First Aid Knowledge and Attitude of Secondary School Students in Saudi Arabia

Background: Increasing the number of qualified people, including school students who can play a significant role in first-aid (FA) and basic life support (BLS) arena is a public health demand. Aim: To assess the awareness of Saudi secondary school students regarding FA and BLS. Methodology: 360 male secondary school children in Taif, Saudi Arabia were surveyed. Results: The mean students’ age was 17.4 ± 1.21 years. The mean participants’ FA knowledge score was 64.8% ± 11%. Generally, trained students reported both better FA knowledge and skills than untrained counter-parts;for 79.6% trained-compared to 53.7% untrained-students recorded such score > 70% [χ2 (df 1) = 11.60, p 70%) [62.3% 2(df 1) = 5.90, p = 0.02] was. Trained students better deal with critical cases, bleeding and bodily injury compared to untrained peers [89.8% vs. 55.9%, χ2 (df 1) = 20.3, p 2 (df 1) = 11.62, p = 0.04;81.6% vs. 67.2%, χ2 (df 1) = 4.13, p = 0.04, respectively]. Only 37.2% of schools had FA incorporated in the education curriculum. Eventually, FA training and the presence of FA group were significant predictors for improved FA knowledge among students [odds ratio (OR) 3.35, 95% CI 1.60 - 7.06;OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.34 - 3.95, respectively). Conclusions: First-aid training is crucial to enhance school children’s FA skills and to thrust their contribution to health emergency control efforts. Incorporating FA training within the educational curriculum of Saudi schools is a step forward to disseminate FA message in the community.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs on HIV/AIDS Among Tertiary Students in Papua New Guinea

This cross-sectional study among 1597 tertiary level students, 757 (48%) males and 832 (52%) females (9 respondents no mention of gender), from 12 institutions, across Papua New Guinea, examined their level of knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about HIV/AIDS. The study revealed that the majority of the students have a very good knowledge of HIV/AIDS;in general students have a considerate and compassionate attitude towards those infected with HIV/AIDS;and the students have positive and healthy attitudes and beliefs regarding HIV/AIDS. Among the demographic variables of gender, province and the institution of their study a significant difference showed in their levels of knowledge and also a statistically significant association was found between beliefs and knowledge. Interestingly, about 58% of the students think that HIV/AIDS is a punishment from God. Almost half (46.5%) of the respondents think that learning about sex and the use of condoms could also encourage young people to engage in more frequent sex. Although, in general the students have a very good knowledge, they indicate the need for more sex education and awareness pro-grams about HIV/AIDS that could be given in high schools.

An effective Australian-Chinese peer education program on HIV/AIDS/STDs for university students in China

IntroductionCurrently, there are at least 850,000 people living with human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in China. Among them 16-29 years old account for about 65%. According to the Chinese health authorities, if the preventive measures are not effective, the figure could reach as many as 10 million by the year 2010[1]. Since there are currently no cure or vaccines for HIV/AIDS, changing people's high-risk behaviors is the main approach that is taken to slow down the epidemic. This can be done through effective HIV/AIDS education, especially for young people. In 1997, a 4-year adolescent HIV/AIDS peer education program was introduced to in Beijing and Shanghai, which was based on a successful Australian model developed by Professor Roger Short, in which senior medical students were trained and used as peer educators to teach their junior peers about HIV/AIDS[2].……

A Graduate Student and Children Orphaned by AIDS

At 26, Li Dan could have a promising career as an astronomy major at Beijing Normal University for undergraduate studies and a solar physics major at the National Astronomical Observatory under the Chinese Academy of Sciences for graduate studies. Few people would anticipate that the young man with such a strong science background would give up science to devote himself completely to children orphaned by AIDS.

Assessment of the Level of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice with Regard to Care of People Living with HIV/AIDS among Nursing and Midwifery Students in Fako, Cameroon

Due to the chronic shortage of health personnel, nurses and midwives now play a fundamental role in the care and treatment of people living with HIV/ AIDS (PLHIV) in Cameroon. This study was therefore designed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practice with regard to care of PLHIV among nursing and midwifery students in Fako division of Cameroon. A survey was performed between May and July 2015, among 227 nursing and midwifery students (in their second to final year of study), selected from 8 government accredited training institutions in Fako division of Cameroon. An anonymous self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The Pearson’s chi-square test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusting for possible confounders were all performed as part of the statistical analyses. The cutoff of statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Nursing and midwifery students had a moderate level of HIV/AIDS knowledge (average score of 7.02 on a scale of 11). Attitude towards PLHIV was generally positive (68.7%) but there were some misconceptions and prejudice about PLHIV, with considerable stigmatization (31.3%), unwillingness to share a room with someone infected with HIV (27.7%), and unwillingness to work on PLHIV (23.8%). Good HIV/AIDS knowledge was observed to be the sole independent predictor (p = 0.004) of positive attitude towards PLHIV. Fur-thermore the confidence of the respondents regarding care of PLHIV was generally moderate. Our results suggest the need for the development of a more appropriate education program in nursing and midwifery institutions in Fako division to reduce the discrepancies between the general knowledge, attitude and practice regarding care of PLHIV.

HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge among Secondary School Students in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Aim of the Study: HIV/AIDS is best viewed as a major epidemic which poses serious challenges to mankind on a global scale. The aim of this study was to assess the HIV/AIDS-related knowledge among secondary school students in Bangladesh and investigate the association between secondary school students’ socio-demographic characteristics and their level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Methods: Following multistage random sampling technique, a total of 384 students aged 11-17 years were sampled from eight secondary schools and interviewed through a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done at three stages including descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The findings of the study revealed that more than half (55.26%) of the students were above 14 years of age and their ages ranged from 11 to 17 years. This study also found that around three-fourths of the students (75.78%) watched television. With regard to knowledge, this study demonstrated that around two-fifths of the students (36.98%) had very good knowledge about HIV/AIDS and their main sources of HIV/AIDS information were television, newspaper, radio, textbooks, and teachers. The bivariate results of the study indicated that students’ age, gender, type of school, household income, fathers’ and mothers’ literacy, and watching television were significantly associated with level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. In addition, students’ age, mothers’ literacy, and watching television were found as the significant predictors of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Watching television was documented as the best single predictor. Conclusion: The results of the study strengthen the assumption that there is an influence of students’ socio-demographic characteristics upon their knowledge about HIV/ AIDS. Moreover, this study suggests that more information on HIV/AIDS should be included in the textbooks of secondary school students in Bangladesh to enhance their knowledge about the taboo subject.

Internet-aided Translation for College Students

The internet,a global network of computers,has brought about radical changes in the way people all around the world are working and communication.It is also significantly affecting the world of translation today,not only in the way our student handle the words orders but also in how they search for specific linguistic and encyclopedic information.Exploitation of the potentialities of Internet as an electric translation tool offers a numbers of advantages in helping our college students getting ready for their future translation-concerned roles and jobs.This paper describes not only the translation development under the information age background but also the updating and remarkable characteristics of our college translation education.The point of view that translation is also a matter of technology in the time of global information brings about the new subject of the relation between translation and internet as well as a more important role of internet-aided electric tools in translation education.

从资助到危机:美国高校学生资助政策演进中未兑现的平等承诺

1965年颁布的《高等教育法》是美国的一部里程碑式高等教育法案,以学生资助政策为核心,旨在消除贫困学生接受高等教育的经济障碍。该法案诞生之初以促进高等教育机会平等为使命,在实施过程中确实为弱势群体接受高等教育发挥了重要作用。然而,随着时代的变化以及政策本身的流变,在经历了数次重新授权和修订之后,《高等教育法》中的学生资助政策逐渐异化,甚至走向资助的反面,演变成学生长久无法摆脱的经济枷锁乃至全社会的债务危机。法案的平等初心回应了弱势群体对高等教育的期待,但这一承诺在法案的实施过程中逐渐淡化,资助政策的方向发生偏移,出现了资助对象泛化、资助方式从助学金向贷款项目不断倾斜、高校学费快速攀升和学生贷款债务难以偿还等诸多问题,以促进平等为初衷的《高等教育法》并未真正打破弱势群体的贫困循环。尽管资助规模不断扩大,但旨在促进平等的资助最终蜕变为弱势群体的债务枷锁,庞大的学生贷款债务成为联邦政府和全社会的沉重负担。学生资助政策基于平等原则而制定,但实施效果与立法宗旨及政策制定者的设想相去甚远,其原因既有高等教育中平等与卓越两大追求的冲突,也有特定时代背景和特殊政治体制的影响。在教育政策的实施中如何不忘初心,实现教育公平,既是理解美国教育的批判视角,也是当下需要审慎思考的普遍议题。

广西某高校学生艾滋病知识干预效果评价

目的了解广西某高校学生对艾滋病(AIDS)知识的掌握程度、对AIDS的态度以及相关行为的信息,为有效开展大学生AIDS防治工作提供依据。方法选取2021—2022年广西某高校选修校选课(性心理与性健康)的全体学生作为研究对象。对研究对象进行1个学期的AIDS健康教育,在课程开始前和结束后采用相同的问卷进行调查,并对调查数据进行统计分析,分析并评价AIDS知识干预的效果。结果学生对AIDS基础知识的平均知晓率由干预前73.1%提升到干预后的85.1%(P<0.05)。干预后,认为偶尔一次性行为不使用安全套,不会感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的学生人数比例从干预前的48.6%降低到12.6%(P<0.05);对待HIV感染者/AIDS患者,能像对待正常人一样的学生人数比例从干预前的28.6%提升到40.8%(P<0.05);若发生了可能感染HIV的高危行为,会主动进行检测的学生人数比例从干预前的84.8%提升到干预后的97.3%(P<0.05)。干预后,知晓正确使用安全套的学生人数比例从干预前的65.5%上升到了83.5%(P<0.05)。结论干预后,该高校学生对HIV/AIDS的风险意识增强,对HIV感染者/AIDS患者的态度有所改善,应对技能有所提高。AIDS健康教育对提升高校大学生的AIDS防控知识有明显效果,在今后的防艾健康教育中应加强学生对HIV/AIDS的风险意识,以及正确使用安全套、尽早检测HIV、暴露后预防性服药等应对技能的教育。

现代发展型高校学生资助育人体系发展进程及构建路径探究

我国高校学生资助育人体系从单一计划型、多元型、逐步走向发展型,更加注重受资助者的主体性、突出资助内容的多样性,追求资助育人的赋能型价值,在教育公平及阻断贫困代际传递中发挥重要作用,助力脱贫攻坚。但资助体系在资助认定、价值导向以及运行机制等方面还存在一定不足,高校应该从确立多层次、多方位资助育人目标、拓展多维度、多元化资助认定体系以及打造高效率、可持续资助体系运行机制等方面探索构建现代发展型资助育人体系的实施新路径。

情景模拟在农村小学生应急救护能力培训中的效果评价

探讨情景模拟在农村小学生应急救护能力培训中的应用效果,为开展农村小学生应急救护知识和技能教育提供参考。结果显示,情景模拟能有效提高农村小学生急救知识和技能水平,提高其应急救护能力。

PBL教学法在医院感染“师带徒”培训中的应用

西藏阿里地处祖国西南边陲,受地域、语言、文化等因素的影响,医疗基础薄弱,医疗人才队伍短缺。“组团式”医疗援藏工作为医疗水平发展和医学人才培养创造了有利条件。“师带徒”培训作为“组团式”医疗援藏培养医学人才的主要模式,通过制订一对一带教计划并签署培训协议,建立“师带徒”负责制的方式进行培训。笔者作为第七批“组团式”医疗援藏人员,从日常援藏工作实际出发,在医院感染“师带徒”人才培训中采用以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL),制订强化理论知识及实践技能的训练,注重临床综合应用及科研等方面能力的培养,通过实践收到了良好的效果,为援藏工作中医疗人才培养提供了参考依据和思路。

2016—2022年德宏州高职青年学生艾滋病知晓率及性行为调查情况分析

目的:分析德宏傣族景颇族自治州(简称德宏州)高职青年学生艾滋病知识知晓率及性行为变化情况,为制定学生群体艾滋病防治措施提供依据。方法:收集2016—2022年德宏州高职青年学生艾滋病哨点监测资料,采用整群抽样的方法每年抽取220人,进行匿名问卷调查。采用logistic回归模型进行影响因素分析。结果:调查共纳入学生1540人,其中发生过性行为的有212人,占13.7%。2016—2022年德宏州高职青年学生艾滋病知识知晓率、性行为发生率、最近1年接受过有关预防艾滋病宣传服务的比例、最近1年参与过有关预防艾滋病宣传服务的比例、最近1年接受HIV检测的比例呈逐年增加的趋势,第1次发生性行为的年龄有提前趋势。logistic回归分析结果显示,男生与发生性行为呈正相关(OR=4.962,95%CI为3.624~6.793),最近1年参与过有关预防艾滋病的宣传服务(OR=0.612,95%CI为0.449~0.833)和最近1年接受过HIV检测(OR=0.549,95%CI为0.391~0.769)与发生性行为呈负相关。结论:2016—2022年德宏州高职青年学生对艾滋病知识的知晓率、性行为发生率呈逐年上升趋势,需要引起关注,进一步加强性健康教育知识宣传。

高校家庭经济困难学生精准资助育人机制研究

为全方位提升高校精准资助育人效能,减轻家庭经济困难学生的经济压力,推动教育公平,通过资助对象的精准把握、资助力度的精准控制、资助方式的精准调节,高质量完成高校资助育人的目标任务。文章立足家庭经济困难学生资助现状,着眼精准资助育人总体要求,借鉴过往经验做法,梳理思路,创新方法,健全机制,推动保障性资助向发展型资助的转型,更好地促进家庭经济困难学生的健康成长成才。

医学生AIDS知识调查和分析——艾滋病及健康教育的知识态度行为调查

目的 :了解山区在校 1～ 4年级大学生对 AIDS知识的知晓程度。方法 :对 1～ 4年级大学生 ,采取 KABP问卷调查。结果 :年级越低 ,AIDS知识也越少 ,其态度也较为模糊 ,男女同学之间的知识几无差别 ;家庭教育在 AIDS知识方面有待加强。结论 :山区大学生的 AIDS的知识与国内其它地区几无差别。健康教育应与时俱进 ,学校、社会的各行各业必须加大 AIDS知识教育的力度。

医学生AIDS知识、态度的调查分析

[目的]调查分析遵义医学院大学生AIDS相关知识的掌握情况。[方法]以横断面研究方式,对我校7个专业的866名医学生进行匿名式问卷调查。[结果]大众媒体和学校是我校医学生获取AIDS知识的主要来源;8.84%非临床医学专业大学生对HIV感染者患者存在歧视态度;临床医学专业学生掌握知识情况比非临床医学专业学生好(P﹤0.05);男生掌握知识情况比女生好(P﹤0.05)。[结论]对医学生特别是非临床医学专业学生加强艾滋病知识教育非常重要,尤其要培养女大学生的自我保护意识。

湖南省大学生AIDS知识态度行为调查分析

目的 为高校开展艾滋病 (AIDS)健康教育提供依据。方法 采取整群随机抽样方法 ,对湖南省 7所高校 5 0 0名大学生进行问卷调查。结果 大学生对AIDS知识比较贫乏 ,对AIDS的相关态度认识不足 ,对待婚前性行为认同或无所谓者高达 4 9.7%。结论 当前在大学生中开展全面系统的AIDS健康教育十分必要。

某中学学生AIDS知识 态度 行为调查

目的 了解中学生对艾滋病(AIDS)知识的掌握程度,探讨针对中学生的有效的AIDS健康教育方式。方法 采用不记名问卷方式,对甘肃省一所石油企业中学的所有在校学生进行调查。结果 共发问卷897份,收回有效问卷892份,有效回收率为99 .44%。中学生AIDS基本知识回答正确率平均为7 7%～6 9. 5 %,高中生回答正确率普遍高于初中生;对AIDS传播途径与非传播途径知识的了解随年级的升高而增高,各年级学生对传播途径认知的平均得分非常显著地高于非传播途径;对AIDS病人或艾滋病病毒感染者的态度得分总体偏低,表明学生们对AIDS存在歧视或恐惧认识。有一部分学生存在不良生活习惯,1 7 .5 %的被调查学生有吸烟史,0 .9%的学生回答吸过毒,2 . 8%的学生回答有性生活史,且分别有4 8 .7%、6 5 . 6 %的学生对婚外、婚前性行为持赞成和可以理解的态度。90 %以上被调查学生认为有必要进行AIDS健康教育及自己有必要了解AIDS相关知识;学生主要是通过电视广播、报刊杂志及宣传资料获取AIDS相关知识的。结论 应加强对中学生的AIDS健康教育。