Health Care Students’ Attitudes towards People with Schizophrenia—A Survey of Eight University Training Programs

Background: Discrimination and stigmatization of people with mental illness are a global and complex phenomenon and there is evidence that negative attitudes and discrimination are also prevalent among health care staff and health care students. Methods: Attitudes towards people with schizophrenia among 1101 students in eight different university programs providing training for work in the health care and social sectors were explored, using a cross-sectional design. Results: In five of the eight training programs the majority of the students’ perceived people with schizophrenia as a danger to others. In several aspects police students were found to hold more negative attitudes than students from other programs. Students with previous experiences of work in mental health services and students knowing a person with schizophrenia showed more positive attitudes. Discussion: In order to decrease negative attitudes and prejudices towards people with schizophrenia among students, it is essential that the training includes personal contact with people with experience of being mental illness.

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Hepatitis B among Students at Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis in 2024

Introduction: Hepatitis B is a public health problem. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of students at Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis regarding hepatitis B. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2024 within the university’s social campus among a sample of 800 students. Results: The sex ratio favored men at 1.5, and the average age was 23.3 years with a standard deviation of 2.7 years. Among students, 26.6% had never heard of the term “hepatitis B”, and 60% knew it was a liver disease. Young people and adolescents were identified as the most exposed population group by 52.3% of respondents. According to 53.7% of the sample, hepatitis B would be a curable disease. Furthermore, 95.0% of the surveyed individuals were not vaccinated against hepatitis B, and 36.3% were afraid of living with an infected person. While 63.0% had poor knowledge, 78.8% had negative attitudes, and poor practices were observed in 6.9% of participants. Conclusion: This study highlighted a lack of knowledge and concerning attitudes among students regarding hepatitis B. The results underscore the need to intensify information and awareness campaigns about this disease, as well as the importance of promoting vaccination and encouraging appropriate preventive practices among the student population.

Attitude and willingness on gamete donation among medical students:An experience from a state university in Sri Lanka

Objective:To assess the attitude and willingness of medical students of the Faculty of Medicine,University of Jaffna,regarding gamete donation.Methods:An institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine,University of Jaffna,from September 2022 to May 2023 among undergraduate medical students who gave their voluntary participation.A self-administered questionnaire was used as a study instrument to collect data regarding their attitude and willingness toward gamete donation.Results:A total of 345 participants were recruited and their sociodemographic data revealed that 56.8%of the participants were female,62.3%aged between 26 and 30 years,and 92.2%were unmarried.Many of them received information regarding gamete donations during their clinical appointments.Over half(67.8%)of them showed a negative attitude towards gamete donation.Regarding willingness,only 39.7%of participants had a positive approach for being a gamete donor;among them,84.7%preferred anonymous donations.Religion and ethnicity had a significant influence on their attitudes and willingness.In addition,male was also found to be more willing to donate gametes.Conclusions:Most medical students have negative views about gamete donation.Imparting awareness and knowledge of assisted reproductive technology and gamete donation within medical students'sociocultural and ethical backgrounds might facilitate a change in attitude towards gamete donation amongst future medical practitioners.

Attitudes of nursing students about palliative care:an analysis of influencing factors

Background:As the population continues to age and the number of people suffering from incurable diseases,such as malignant tumors and Alzheimer’s disease,increases,the need for quality end-of-life care is becoming more and more prominent.Nursing students,as a reserved talent in the nursing field,have an attitude towards palliative care that will directly affect the quality of care for future terminal patients.Methods:This descriptive and cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 2020 to January 2021.A stratified sampling method randomly selected 1168 undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students as respondents.Students’attitudes were measured using a revised palliative care attitude questionnaire.Results:The palliative care attitude score was 7.233±1.812 with a score of 72.3%and a median score of 7.50 with a range of 0-10.63.10%of the nursing students had an attitude score of 7 or more and only 2.40%of the nursing students had a negative attitude towards palliative care.The results showed that gender,grade level,health status,and attitudes toward the nursing profession affected nursing students’attitudes toward palliative care(P<0.05).Conclusion:Currently,Chinese nursing students have better attitudes towards palliative care,but are less likely to want to pursue a career in palliative care in the future.Medical schools can take into account their actual gradual opening of palliative care courses,using a variety of teaching methods to stimulate the interest of nursing students to learn and improve their willingness to palliative care services.

Knowledge and Attitudes of Knust Pre-Clinical Dental Students towards Orthodontic Treatment

Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall well-being. Education and awareness play a vital role in ensuring optimal treatment outcomes and improving quality of life. Aim: This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) pre-clinical dentistry students concerning orthodontic therapy. Methodology: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The research used a non-random convenience sampling method to form the desired sample. For data collection, an interview-administered questionnaire was used over one month. The study set its sights on pre-clinical dental students in KNUST. A total of 150 questionnaires were printed to meet the sample size. Results: The results of the research showed that the knowledge level of KNUST pre-clinical students on orthodontic treatment and its nuances is quite limited. They however had a fair level of knowledge on the disease or ailment that orthodontic treatments solved (especially malocclusion). Their interest in orthodontic treatments on the other hand was quite significant, with a large number having interest in it. Conclusion: To conclude, KNUST pre-clinical students in Ghana although having a limited level of knowledge on orthodontic treatments have a keen interest in undergoing them regardless of the discomforts or the length of time.

Effect of simulating training of the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery on the attitude of operating room nurses students:an intervention study

Objective:Clinical education plays a key role in preparing students for patient care.Laparoscopy is one of the most important minimally invasive surgeries(MISs)wherein surgical technologists are responsible for camera navigation and assistant surgeons are responsible for peg transfer.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the attitude of the operating room students toward these skills during their study period.The present study was conducted to determine the effect of simulating training in the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery(FLS)on the attitude of the operating room students.Methods:This interventional study was conducted on 28 operating room students of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2019.The census sampling method was used.The data-collection tool included the“Intrinsic motivation inventory(IMI)questionnaire.”The educational intervention was carried out in theoretical(booklet design)and practical(simulation)sections.Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential analyses including the paired t-test,Mann–Whitney U test,and independent t-test.The collected data were analyzed using R and SPSS software.P-value<0.05 was considered as the significant level.Results:The mean±SD of the participants'age was 22.93±2.14 years,and the majority of them were women(67.9%).There was a significant difference in the mean scores of students'attitudes toward the FLS before and after the educational intervention(P<0.001)in all dimensions(interest,perceived competence,perceived choice,and tension).There was also a significant correlation between gender and interest dimension(P=0.005).Conclusions:The results of the present study showed that simulating the training FLS curriculum positively affects students'attitudes.Therefore,the researchers suggest that for creating a positive attitude,increasing students'interest in laparoscopic surgery,and ensuring a more effective presence in the operating room,this training should be considered in the operating room curriculum.

Effect of peer education on knowledge,attitude,and practice of HPV infection prevention among college students

Objective:To explore the effect of peer education on improving the knowledge,attitude,practice level(KAP)to prevent human papilloma virus(HPV)infection among college students.Methods:The knowledge,attitude/belief,and practice level of 536 grade I college students from a university in Shanghai were surveyed and analyzed using a self-designed questionnaire—the HPV Infection and Prevention KAP Questionnaire.Results:Many college students heard about HPV vaccine(49.70%before peer education and 100%after peer education);however,few of them were vaccinated(2.82%before peer education and 5.23%after peer education).Knowledge,attitude/belied,and practice of HPV infection prevention were positively related(P<0.05).Peer education was effective in improving college students'KAP level of HPV infection prevention(P<0.05).Conclusions:Peer education could be used as a strategy in colleges to improve student's KAP level of HPV infection prevention.College students may also be encouraged to spread their influence to society.

How Teachers' Attitudes During Error Treatment May Influence Students' Oral English Competence

Usually, Chinese EFL students make satisfactory progress in reading, grammar and writing. However, it is very difficult for them to transmit messages, exchange thoughts in English. I conducted a questionnaire in Inner Mongolia Teachers’ University and found out that when the students come to speak English, they tend to appear frustrated, lack confidence on the grounds of fear of making errors, which may be closely related to the teachers’ attitudes towards students’ errors. Therefore, it is essential for English teachers to have proper attitudes to errors in English teaching. The paper discusses some important strategies on whether, when and how speaking errors should be corrected based on some researchers’ views and on a small scale of experiment for the purpose of helping teachers deal with students’ errors effectively in communication.

An Empirical Study on the Students' Motivation and Attitudes Who Take Esp Optional Courses

The learners' motivation and attitude toward English for Specific Purposes(ESP) is always an influential element for the quality of ESP course.Teachers should at first get to know the learners' motivation and attitude toward this course so as to teach the course well.Therefore,by means of questionnaire survey on the students' motivation and attitudes who took accounting English in M University as their elective course during the next term in 2009,and through qualitative study,such as interviews,diary and classroom observation on the accounting English choosers in the next term in 2010,some conclusions are discovered that there are about 4 factors and 3 variables among the students' motivations,and their attitudes toward this course is positive in general.Both accounting and English are their learning targets,and oral English and translation are their favors.The combination of blackboard-writing and multimedia technology is preferred than any of the other single teaching models.But the shortage of class hours and the lack of systematic arrangement also affect the students' motivation and their learning efficiency.

Investigation of Student Nurses’Attitudes towards End-of-Life Care and Their Influencing Factors

Background: This cross-sectional investigative study aimed to determine student nurses’ attitudes towards end-of-life care. Methods: This study used a descriptive research design with stratified sampling to survey student nurses enrolled in one of four nursing colleges in China from January 2023 to December 2023. Student nurses’ general demographic and prior related information, attitudes towards death and attitudes towards end-of-life care were determined using a general information questionnaire, the Death Attitude Profile—Revised scale and the Professional End-of-Life Attitude Scale (PEAS), respectively. Results: The total PEAS score was 122.91 ± 16.123. Significant differences were noted in the attitude towards end-of-life care scores according to sources of end-of-life care knowledge (P Conclusions: Student nurses lacked an optimistic attitude towards end-of-life care, which was influenced by differences in the sources of end-of-life care knowledge.

Relationship of Periodontal Status and Dental Caries Status with Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior among Professional Students in India

Aim To find the relationship of periodontal status and dental caries status with oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, among professional students in India. Methodology In a cross sectional study, a total of 825 students （males： 577, females： 248） fi＇om six professions were surveyed using a self administered structured questionnaire including 41 multiple choice questions and the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form （1997）. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 13.0 to perform the Student＇s t-test, ANOVA test, Scheffe＇s test and Chi-square test, linear regression analysis. Results The mean percentage scores of the students for knowledge were 53.25 ±15.05; for attitude 74.97±20.48; and for behavior 59.09 ±18.77. The percentage of students with calculus score was found to be significantly high （43.8%）. The percentage of professional students with DMFT〉4 was 14.1% and the percentage of students with decayed teeth was 46.2%. The regression analysis showed that the oral health behavior of the students was dependent on the attitude （P〈0.001）, but showed no significant linear relation with the knowledge. Also, that the mean DMFT score was dependent on the oral health behavior （P〈0.05）, but showed no significant relationship with the knowledge and attitude of the students. The periodontal status was independent on the knowledge, but showed a significant relationship with attitude and behavior of the students. Conclusion A positive attitude and adherence to good oral hygiene behaviors is associated with better oral health.

Undergraduate nursing students' knowledge of aging, attitudes toward and perceptions of working with older adults in Kathmandu Nepal

Objectives: This study aims to examine Nepalese undergraduate nursing students' knowledge of aging,attitudes towards older adults and perceptions of working with older adults,and to assess differences in these outcomes by socio-demographic characteristics as well as type of nursing program.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 385 undergraduate nursing students in six nursing colleges located in the Kathmandu Valley,Knowledge of aging,attitudes toward older adults and perceptions of working with older adults were assessed using standardized tools,the Palmore Facts on Aging Quiz,Kogan's Attitudes towards Older People Scale,and Nolan's Intent to Work with Older People Questionnaire,respectively.Results: The mean knowledge scores on older adults and aging were relatively low;participants scored an average of 26.9 out of 50.Scores assessing attitudes towards and perceptions of working with older adults were more favorable.Compared to students pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN),students pursuing a Bachelor of Nursing (BN) had a significantly higher score on the knowledge,attitudes and perception of aging scales.Linear regression analyses showed that the students' knowledge of aging (β =0.55;95% CI =0.25-0.86) and perceptions of working with older adults (β =0.22;95% Cl =0.05 -0.38) had a significant positive association with their attitudes toward older adults.Conclusions: Undergraduate nursing students in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal displayed a relatively low level of knowledge,but a positive attitude towards older adults,and a positive perception of working with older adults.Observed differences in knowledge,attitude,and perception scores between students in BSN and BN programs needs further investigation;closing this gap may be important for bolstering undergraduate gerontological preparation in Nepal.

Attitude of nursing students towards Internet-based nursing services for the aged

Objective To investigate the attitude,willingness,and motivation of third-year undergraduate nursing students from a university of Chinese medicine toward Internet-based nursing services for the aged(IBNSA),providing a reference for its development and related nursing education.Methods This study was conducted from March to April 2019.Using a self-designed questionnaire,this cross-sectional study comprised 508 third-year undergraduate nursing students from a university of Chinese medicine.The questionnaire was divided into two parts.The first part contained the general information of nursing students.The second part investigated nursing students’attitudes,willingness,and motivation towards IBNSA(a total of seven questions).Results Of the 508 nursing students,314(61.81%)expressed support for the IBNSA,44(8.66%)expressed disapproval.Regarding career choice,279(54.92%)were willing to choose IBNSA,51(10.04%)were unwilling.The top three motivations for choosing IBNSA as a nursing student career were increased income,high autonomy and flexibility,and good job prospects.On the contrary,the top three reasons not to choose this option were safety concerns,lack of time and energy,and unwillingness to undertake elderly care.Experience with community activities or a part-time job,experience with elderly care,willing to choose the nursing profession,willing to engage in nursing care after graduation,and willing to engage in nursing for elderly patients after graduation were significantly associated with the motivation of nursing students to participate in IBNSA(P<0.05).Conclusion The majority of nursing students have a positive attitude towards IBNSA and are willing to choose it as their future career.Nurses’and patients’safety guarantees and salary distribution were critical factors influencing their choice.Nursing schools should pay attention to the concerns of nursing students,constantly improve the management system of IBNSA,strengthen safety education,and provide professional knowledge and skills to improve the quality of personnel training.

Nursing students’attitudes toward mobile learning:An integrative review

Purpose:This study aimed to explore whether the attitudes of nursing students toward the use of mobile learning are positive or negative and to identify the factors influencing their attitudes by reviewing the literature.Methods:Electronic search of six databases,including PubMed,the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature,ProQuest,Web of Science,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library,was conducted,and relevant references within articles were manually searched.Retrieval time was from inception to October 21,2020.The literature review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and the integrative review method.The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool(MMAT)was used for quality assessment.Results:A total of 316 articles were identified,and 18 English-language studies were finally included by reviewing titles,abstracts,and full text.Six quantitative,five qualitative,and seven mixed-method articles related to nursing students’attitudes toward the use of mobile learning were identified.The results showed that most nursing students had positive attitudes toward mobile learning.Although students expressed strong intentions for mobile learning,the actual usage rate in practical settings was low.Several advantageous factors included usefulness,convenience,and ease of use,whereas disadvantageous factors included hardware facility,updated content,and software stability.Conclusion:Most nursing students have positive attitudes and willingness to mobile learning,but the actual use rate remains low.Advantageous and disadvantageous factors coexist.Further studies are needed to assess how mobile learning improves nursing students’clinical knowledge and improves patient care.

Influence of Nursing Students Handwashing Knowledge, Beliefs, and Attitudes on Their Handwashing Compliance

Information regarding current status of handwashing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and compliance with handwashing practice in nursing students in Jordan is limited. This study aims to explore handwashing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and self-reported compliance and to examine significant variables predicting compliance with handwashing practice among nursing students. The study used a cross-sectional survey design. Results found a statistically significant relationship between nursing students’ handwashing compliance and their handwashing knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (r = 0.68, 0.65, 0.58, P β = 0.423, P = 0.000), followed by attitudes (β = 0.322, P = 0.000), and beliefs (β = 0.171, P = 0.027). Specific handwashing training courses integrated in nursing education curriculum are recommended. These courses need to consider nursing students’ handwashing attitudes and beliefs in conjunction with handwashing knowledge.

Awareness and attitudes of Greek medical students on colorectal cancer screening

AIM: To prospectively assess the knowledge and attitudes of medical students (MS), as tomorrow’s physicians, about colorectal cancer (CRC) and its screening modalities.METHODS: Three hundred fourth year MS of the University of Athens were enrolled in this survey. Their selection was random, based on student identification card number. All participants completed an anonymous written questionnaire over a 4 month period. The questionnaire was divided into 4 sections and included queries about CRC-related symptoms, screening with colonoscopy and MS awareness and attitudes in this field. Following collection and analysis of the data, the results are presented as percentages of answers for each separate question. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixty-five students an-swered the questionnaire over a 4 mo period. Interestingly, only 69% of the study population considered CRC to be a high-risk condition for public health. However, the vast majority of participants identified CRC-related symptoms and acknowledged its screening to be of great value in reducing CRC incidence and mortality. A very small proportion (38%) had received information material regarding CRC screening (either during their medical training or as a part of information provided to the general public) and only 60% of the participants declared willingness to receive further information. Regarding colonoscopy, 85% would prefer an alternative to colonoscopy methods for CRC screening. Moreover, 53% considered it to be a painful method and 68% would appreciate more information about the examination.CONCLUSION: MS in Greece need to be better informed about CRC screening and screening colonoscopy.

Attitudes of undergraduate nursing students toward Objective Structure Practical Examination: An Exploratory study

Background: Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) is a method of assessment of clinical competence.The examination is conducted at multiple stations.Besides practical and problem-solving skills,theoretical knowledge is also tested.OSPE can be traced back more than 40 years.OSPE has been included more than two decades,as a part of assessment in the College of Nursing,All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS),New Delhi.Objectives: This study was carried out to determine nursing students' attitudes towards OSPE as an assessment tool.Participants: The responses of all the 252 Undergraduate nursing students studying at the College of Nursing,AIIMS were obtained for this study (77 from B.Sc.(H) Nursing first year,61 from the second year,69 from the third year and 45 from the fourth year).Methods: The students attitudes towards OSPE were assessed by using a validated questionnaire containing 28 item statements on Likert's 5-point scale (LS) and 11 bipolar adjectives on Osgood's 7-point Semantic'Differential Scale (OSDS).Result: Most of the students approved of OSPE and felt that it was fair,useful,good,effective,exciting,interesting,practical,skill oriented but also taxing.The study also revealed that amongst the second years' students there was a strong correlation between Overall Rank in the Class and Assessment of OSPE.Conclusion: The study supports the introduction of OSPE as one of the methods of assessment of B.Sc.(Hons.) Nursing students.

Correlation among academic self-efficacy,professional identity,and professional attitude of higher vocational nursing students

Objective:To analyze the influence of professional identity and academic efficacy on the professional attitude of higher vocational nursing students.Methods:A total of 656 higher vocational nursing students were investigated with general information questionnaire,academic self-efficacy scale,professional identity scale,and professional attitude scale of nursing students.Results:The score of professional attitude of higher vocational nursing students was(106.34±9.86),which is found to be in the upper middle level.The professional attitude of higher vocational nursing students is positively correlated with academic self-efficacy(P<0.05),and with learning ability self-efficacy(P<0.01).Professional cognition,professional will,and professional values have a positive predictive effect on the professional attitude of higher vocational nursing students(P<0.05).Conclusions:Academic self-efficacy and professional identity are important predictors of professional attitude.Learning behavior self-efficacy,professional cognition,professional will,and professional values have a significant impact on the establishment of positive professional attitude.

Nursing students'knowledge,willingness,and attitudes toward the first aid behavior as bystanders in traffic accident trauma:A cross-sectional survey

Objectives:The purpose of the study was to investigate the nursing students'levels of the knowledge,willingness,and attitudes toward first aid behavior as bystanders in road traffic accident and the related factors.Methods:A total of 475 nursing students were recruited by convenience choosing in Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The nursing students'self-efficacy,core self-evaluation,knowledge,willingness and attitudes toward first aid behavior as bystanders in traffic accidents were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire.Results:The scores of knowledge,willingness,and attitudes toward first aid behavior in traffic accident trauma were 7.51±1.93,15.54±5.03,and 7.73±1.56,respectively.Students who once gained training of first aid showed lower levels of attitude toward first aid behavior than those untrained(t=-2.345,P=0.019).It was found that self-efficacy was correlated to the knowledge(r=0.150,P<0.001),willingness(r=0.182,P<0.004)and attitudes toward behavior of the first aid(r=0.371,P<0.001)among nursing students.Core self-evaluation was correlated to knowledge(r=0.193,P<0.001)and attitudes toward behavior of the first aid(r=0.199,P<0.001).Conclusions:The first aid knowledge among nursing students was not satisfactory.The study suggested that an unsustainable short first-aid training program may bring negative effects.Countermeasures should be taken to ensure both quality and continuity of first aid training.Meanwhile,more attention should be paid to improving the self-efficacy and core self-evaluation of the nursing students.

The Effect of Contact-Based Interventions on the Attitudes and Behaviors of Nursing Students towards People with Mental Illness: A Literature Review

Background: Student nurses and other healthcare students are the future mental health professionals and have the potential for changing the future of mental healthcare. Therefore, their negative attitudes and behaviors should be screened and corrected by effective anti-stigma interventions. Otherwise, they would likely withhold some health services and practice coercive treatments once planning care to people with mental illness. However, little is known on effective approaches to correct these negative attitudes and behaviors, despite the previous reviews that have shown that contact-based interventions have demonstrated positive attitudinal and behavioral changes for nursing students towards people with mental illness. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to compile the available research evidence on contact-based interventions that have targeted the attitudes and behaviors of nursing students towards people with mental illness. Methods: The relevant literature was extracted by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) and by hand checking reference lists of past similar reviews. Results: Eleven studies were retrieved and included in this review. The included studies in this review either have employed social contact interventions, video-based social contact interventions, or both types for the aim of combining or comparing. Furthermore, the included studies either have targeted the attitudes of nursing students towards people with mental illness (including prejudice), or a combination of attitudinal and behavioral outcomes (including behavioral intentions and social distance). No studies have targeted behavioral outcomes solely. Conclusions: From the available literature, the current authors cannot draw conclusions on the most effective type, form, or ingredients of contact-based interventions among nursing students, as previous literature has large variations. No consistency was found in the previous studies regarding the types or contents of effective contact-based interventions. The compiled evidence in this review, has suggested that contact-based interventions (both social contact and video-based social contact) have been effective in changing the attitudes and behaviors of nursing students favorably, similarly to what previous reviews have found.