南京地区棉蚜寄主专化型及其成因研究

研究了南京地区棉蚜在不同寄主间的适合度。结果表明 ,木槿上的干雌蚜和有翅蚜转接到棉花上能正常存活、繁殖后代和建立种群 ;转接到甜瓜上第一、二代存活率低 ,但能建立种群 ;而转接到黄瓜和西瓜上所产仔蚜仅能存活 1～ 4d ,不能延续后代建立种群。黄瓜和甜瓜上的棉蚜不能在棉花上建立种群 ;反之 ,棉花上的棉蚜也不能在黄瓜和甜瓜上建立种群。不同寄主上棉蚜的口针长度表现为棉花、黄瓜 >甜瓜、木槿 ,棉花和黄瓜上棉蚜不能相互转接不是由于棉蚜口针长度差异所致。木槿上棉蚜在棉花、黄瓜、西瓜和甜瓜上口针取食时的行为表现为 ,黄瓜上棉蚜口针难以达到韧皮部筛管吸取植株养分 ,而在棉花、西瓜和甜瓜上均可 ;在甜瓜上棉蚜吸取养分前可不分泌水溶性唾液直接吸食。

Studies on the Host Biotypes and Its Cause of Cotton Aphidin Nanjing,China

The fitness of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, on different host plants was studied. The results showed that the cotton aphid population in Nanjing formed host preference bio-types on cucumber and cotton. The aphids from cotton and cucumber could not inter-transplant successfully between the two host plants. The apterous and alate offspring of stem mother from hibiscus could not survive, reproduce and form population normally when they were transplanted to cucumber and water melon, but they could form normally when transplanted to cotton and muskmelon. There was no significant difference between the stylet length of cotton aphids from cucumber and cotton, so the stylet length was not the cause of the host preference. When the aphids originated on hibiscus were transplanted to cotton, water melon and muskmelon, the stylet could reach host phloem to absorb host plant’s nutrients, but it couldn’t when transplanted to cucumber. Cotton aphid can feed on muskmelon without secretion of water-soluble saliv