BACKGROUND M1 polarization of macrophages is an important pathological process in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, which is the major obstacle for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Currently, the st...BACKGROUND M1 polarization of macrophages is an important pathological process in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, which is the major obstacle for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Currently, the strategies and mechanisms of inhibiting M1 polarization are poorly explored. This study aims to investigate the role of soluble death receptor 5-Fc(s DR5-Fc) in regulating M1 polarization of macrophages under extreme conditions and explore the mechanisms from the aspect of glycolysis.METHODS Extreme conditions were induced in RAW264.7 cells. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to detect the expression of m RNA and proteins, respectively. Cell counting kit-8 was used to investigate the proliferation activity of cells. Expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS We found that s DR5-Fc rescues the proliferation of macrophages under extreme conditions, including nutrition deficiency, excessive peroxide, and ultraviolet irradiation. In addition, administration of s DR5-Fc inhibits the M1 polarization of macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and interferon-gamma(IFN-γ), as the expression of M1 polarization markers CD86, CXC motif chemokine ligand 10, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as the secretion of inflammatory factors interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-6, were significantly decreased. By further investigation of the mechanisms, the results showed that s DR5-Fc can recover the LPS and IFN-γ induced p H reduction, lactic acid elevation, and increased expression of hexokinase 2 and glucose transporter 1, which were markers of glycolysis in macrophages.CONCLUSIONS s DR5-Fc inhibits the M1 polarization of macrophages by blocking the glycolysis, which provides a new direction for the development of strategies in the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.展开更多
Sedimentary deposits in Block 5, offshore Tanzania basin have been imaged using two-dimensional (2D) seismic data. The seismic data and well data reveal four tectonic units representing different tectonic events in re...Sedimentary deposits in Block 5, offshore Tanzania basin have been imaged using two-dimensional (2D) seismic data. The seismic data and well data reveal four tectonic units representing different tectonic events in relation to structural styles, sedimentation and hydrocarbon potential evolved in Block 5. Results show that during Early to Late Jurassic, Block 5 was affected by the break-up of Gondwana and the drifting of Madagascar as evidenced by patterns of sediments and structural features. The chaotic and discontinuous reflectors are characteristics features on the sediments pattern indicating a possible transitional setting following the breakup of Gondwana. From the Late Cretaceous, Block 5 sits in more stable subsiding sag as the consequence of the high thermal subsidence. The period displayed continuous parallel reflectors with few markable faults. This was followed by the late post rift sedimentation that occurred after Middle Eocene Unconformity characterized by high wavy and sub parallel reflectors. The evolution of Block 5 through major tectonic events reveals a more complete petroleum system towards the south. Thus, Block 5 responded in both space and time to a complex interplay between tectonics and sedimentation. This indicates that structural styles and associated features are potential control for hydrocarbon generation and migration.展开更多
Necrotizing scleritis is the most severe form of scleritis with a significant threat to vision and globe integrity. It can be infectious, surgically induced necrotizing scleritis (SINS) or systemic autoimmune associat...Necrotizing scleritis is the most severe form of scleritis with a significant threat to vision and globe integrity. It can be infectious, surgically induced necrotizing scleritis (SINS) or systemic autoimmune associated. We report a case of necrotizing scleritis associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) at the site of sub tenon’s block in a patient with previous trabeculectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of necrotizing scleritis associated with 5-FU. This may implicate alternative approaches to local anaesthetic techniques when using adjunctive 5-FU.展开更多
In response to the problem of the high cost and low efficiency of traditional water surface litter cleanup through manpower,a lightweight water surface litter detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv5s is proposed ...In response to the problem of the high cost and low efficiency of traditional water surface litter cleanup through manpower,a lightweight water surface litter detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv5s is proposed to provide core technical support for real-time water surface litter detection by water surface litter cleanup vessels.The method reduces network parameters by introducing the deep separable convolution GhostConv in the lightweight network GhostNet to substitute the ordinary convolution in the original YOLOv5s feature extraction and fusion network;introducing the C3Ghost module to substitute the C3 module in the original backbone and neck networks to further reduce computational effort.Using a Convolutional Block Attention Mechanism(CBAM)module in the backbone network to strengthen the network’s ability to extract significant target features from images.Finally,the loss function is optimized using the Focal-EIoU loss func-tion to improve the convergence speed and model accuracy.The experimental results illustrate that the improved algorithm outperforms the original Yolov5s in all aspects of the homemade water surface litter dataset and has certain advantages over some current mainstream algorithms in terms of model size,detection accuracy,and speed,which can deal with the problems of real-time detection of water surface litter in real life.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (No.7212027 & No.7214223)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0908800)the Beijing Municipal Health Commission (PXM2020_026272_000002 & PXM2020_026272_000014)。
文摘BACKGROUND M1 polarization of macrophages is an important pathological process in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, which is the major obstacle for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Currently, the strategies and mechanisms of inhibiting M1 polarization are poorly explored. This study aims to investigate the role of soluble death receptor 5-Fc(s DR5-Fc) in regulating M1 polarization of macrophages under extreme conditions and explore the mechanisms from the aspect of glycolysis.METHODS Extreme conditions were induced in RAW264.7 cells. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to detect the expression of m RNA and proteins, respectively. Cell counting kit-8 was used to investigate the proliferation activity of cells. Expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS We found that s DR5-Fc rescues the proliferation of macrophages under extreme conditions, including nutrition deficiency, excessive peroxide, and ultraviolet irradiation. In addition, administration of s DR5-Fc inhibits the M1 polarization of macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and interferon-gamma(IFN-γ), as the expression of M1 polarization markers CD86, CXC motif chemokine ligand 10, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as the secretion of inflammatory factors interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-6, were significantly decreased. By further investigation of the mechanisms, the results showed that s DR5-Fc can recover the LPS and IFN-γ induced p H reduction, lactic acid elevation, and increased expression of hexokinase 2 and glucose transporter 1, which were markers of glycolysis in macrophages.CONCLUSIONS s DR5-Fc inhibits the M1 polarization of macrophages by blocking the glycolysis, which provides a new direction for the development of strategies in the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.
文摘Sedimentary deposits in Block 5, offshore Tanzania basin have been imaged using two-dimensional (2D) seismic data. The seismic data and well data reveal four tectonic units representing different tectonic events in relation to structural styles, sedimentation and hydrocarbon potential evolved in Block 5. Results show that during Early to Late Jurassic, Block 5 was affected by the break-up of Gondwana and the drifting of Madagascar as evidenced by patterns of sediments and structural features. The chaotic and discontinuous reflectors are characteristics features on the sediments pattern indicating a possible transitional setting following the breakup of Gondwana. From the Late Cretaceous, Block 5 sits in more stable subsiding sag as the consequence of the high thermal subsidence. The period displayed continuous parallel reflectors with few markable faults. This was followed by the late post rift sedimentation that occurred after Middle Eocene Unconformity characterized by high wavy and sub parallel reflectors. The evolution of Block 5 through major tectonic events reveals a more complete petroleum system towards the south. Thus, Block 5 responded in both space and time to a complex interplay between tectonics and sedimentation. This indicates that structural styles and associated features are potential control for hydrocarbon generation and migration.
文摘Necrotizing scleritis is the most severe form of scleritis with a significant threat to vision and globe integrity. It can be infectious, surgically induced necrotizing scleritis (SINS) or systemic autoimmune associated. We report a case of necrotizing scleritis associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) at the site of sub tenon’s block in a patient with previous trabeculectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of necrotizing scleritis associated with 5-FU. This may implicate alternative approaches to local anaesthetic techniques when using adjunctive 5-FU.
基金Support for this work was in part from the China University Industry-University Research Innovation Fund Project(No.2022BL052),author B.T,https://www.cutech.edu.cnin part by the Science and Technology InnovationR&DProject of the State GeneralAdministration of Sports of China(No.22KJCX024),author B.T,https://www.sport.gov.cn+1 种基金in part by the Major Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Higher Education Institutions in Hubei Province(No.21ZD054),author B.T,https://jyt.hubei.gov.cnKey Project of Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation Technology and Equipment Open Fund(No.2022XZ106),author B.T,https://hbpu.edu.cn.
文摘In response to the problem of the high cost and low efficiency of traditional water surface litter cleanup through manpower,a lightweight water surface litter detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv5s is proposed to provide core technical support for real-time water surface litter detection by water surface litter cleanup vessels.The method reduces network parameters by introducing the deep separable convolution GhostConv in the lightweight network GhostNet to substitute the ordinary convolution in the original YOLOv5s feature extraction and fusion network;introducing the C3Ghost module to substitute the C3 module in the original backbone and neck networks to further reduce computational effort.Using a Convolutional Block Attention Mechanism(CBAM)module in the backbone network to strengthen the network’s ability to extract significant target features from images.Finally,the loss function is optimized using the Focal-EIoU loss func-tion to improve the convergence speed and model accuracy.The experimental results illustrate that the improved algorithm outperforms the original Yolov5s in all aspects of the homemade water surface litter dataset and has certain advantages over some current mainstream algorithms in terms of model size,detection accuracy,and speed,which can deal with the problems of real-time detection of water surface litter in real life.
