The present study evaluated submergence responses in 88 lowland indigenous rice(Oryza sativa L.) landraces from Koraput, India, to identify submergence-tolerant rice genotypes. In pot experiments, variations in surviv...The present study evaluated submergence responses in 88 lowland indigenous rice(Oryza sativa L.) landraces from Koraput, India, to identify submergence-tolerant rice genotypes. In pot experiments, variations in survival rate, shoot elongation, relative growth index, dry matter, chlorophyll, soluble sugar and starch contents were evaluated in two consecutive years under well-drained and completely submerged conditions. Principal component analysis showed that the first three axes contributed 96.820% of the total variation among the landraces, indicating wide variation between genotypes. Major traits such as survival rate, relative growth index, soluble sugar and starch contents appeared to be important determinants of phenotypic diversity among the landraces. Phenotypic coefficient of variance was higher than genotypic coefficient of variance for all the traits and all showed high heritability(90.38%–99.54%). Five rice landraces(Samudrabali, Basnamundi, Gadaba, Surudaka and Dokarakuji) were the most tolerant to submergence. When submerged for up to 14d, Samudrabali, Basnamundi and Godoba were notable for having greater survival rates than a standard submergence tolerant variety FR13 A, and also notable for elongating more vigorously and accumulating more biomass. These three landraces may therefore be especially useful in lowland rice growing areas that are affected by both moderate stagnant water and flash flooding. Molecular genotyping revealed that the submergence tolerance of Samudrabali, Basnamundi and Godoba is linked to the presence of one or more different Sub1 loci and it may well prove useful for breeding improved submergence tolerant rice varieties, thereby assising to improve yield stability in the rainfed lowland agro-ecosystem.展开更多
In the present study a group of four indigenous and less popular rice genotypes (Meghi, Panibhasha, Jabra and Sholey) reported by growers as submergence tolerant lines from flood prone areas of south Bengal were explo...In the present study a group of four indigenous and less popular rice genotypes (Meghi, Panibhasha, Jabra and Sholey) reported by growers as submergence tolerant lines from flood prone areas of south Bengal were explored through study of nodal anatomy, physio-biochemical screening under submergence and genotyping with submergence tolerance linked rice microsatellite loci (RM loci). To identify the different allelic forms of different Sub1 compnents (Sub1A, Sub1B and Sub1C) among the studied lines, the genomic DNA of individual genotypes was amplified with three ethylene response factor like genes from Sub1 loci, located on rice chromosome 9. From the different physio-biochemical experiments performed in this investigation, it has been shown that Meghi and Jabra are the two probable potent genotypes which share common properties of both submergence tolerant and deep water nature whereas rest two genotypes (Sholey and Panibhasha) behave like typical deep water rice. The submergence tolerance property of Meghi was also confirmed from submergence tolerance linked SSR based genotyping by sharing with FR13A for some common alleles as reflected in fingerprint derived dendrogram. The rest of the genotypes shared a number of alleles and were included in a separate cluster. The common behaviour of Meghi and FR13A under submergence was also confirmed from genetic study of Sub1 loci through sharing of some common alleles for three Sub1 components (Sub1A, Sub1B and Sub1C loci). One SSR loci (RM 285) was identified as a potent molecular marker for submergence tolerance breeding programme involving these two selected rice lines (Meghi and Jabra) as donor plant through marker assisted selection.展开更多
In the recent research of network sampling, some sampling concepts are misunderstood, and the variance of subnets is not taken into account. We propose the correct definition of the sample and sampling rate in network...In the recent research of network sampling, some sampling concepts are misunderstood, and the variance of subnets is not taken into account. We propose the correct definition of the sample and sampling rate in network sampling, as well as the formula for calculating the variance of subnets. Then, three commonly used sampling strategies are applied to databases of the connecting nearest-neighbor（CNN） model, random network and small-world network to explore the variance in network sampling. As proved by the results, snowball sampling obtains the most variance of subnets, but does well in capturing the network structure. The variance of networks sampled by the hub and random strategy are much smaller. The hub strategy performs well in reflecting the property of the whole network, while random sampling obtains more accurate results in evaluating clustering coefficient.展开更多
Background: Sub arachnoid block (SAB) performed by traditional landmark palpation technique can be inaccurate. This problem is exacerbated by altered patient anatomy due to obesity and age-related changes. A pre-proce...Background: Sub arachnoid block (SAB) performed by traditional landmark palpation technique can be inaccurate. This problem is exacerbated by altered patient anatomy due to obesity and age-related changes. A pre-procedural ultrasound scan of the lumbar spine has been shown to be of benefit in guiding lumbar epidural insertion in obstetric patients. Information on the use of real-time ultrasound (RUS) guided SAB, to date, been limited. This study compared RUS guided SAB to traditional landmark guided technique in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for different surgical procedures. Methods: This was a prospective, single center, comparative observational study conducted in the department of anesthesiology at our center. 560 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia either by landmark based technique or real-time ultrasound-guided methods. The primary outcome was the first attempt success rate of dural puncture when employing the two methods. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in the two study groups. The first attempt success rate of dural puncture in landmark guided group was 64.3% compared to 72.6% in the ultrasound guided group. This difference was not statistically significant. The procedure performance time was significantly shorter with landmark palpation compared to use of real-time ultrasound guided method. Conclusion: Use of RUS-guided technique does not significantly improve the first attempt success rate of SAB dural puncture during spinal anesthesia compared to the traditional landmark-guided technique.展开更多
On the basis of introducing the fundamental theory and the basic analysis steps of the sub model method, the strength of the new engine complex assembly structure was analyzed according to the properties of the engin...On the basis of introducing the fundamental theory and the basic analysis steps of the sub model method, the strength of the new engine complex assembly structure was analyzed according to the properties of the engine structures, some of the key parts of the engine were analyzed with refined mesh by sub model method and the error of the FEM solution was estimated by the extrapolation method. The example showed that the sub model can not only analyze the comlex structures without the restriction of the software and hardware of the computers, but get the more precise analysis result also. This method is more suitable for the strength analysis of the complex assembly structure.展开更多
文章分析了"互动式"教学大纲研究现状,阐述了MOOC(Massive Open Online Courses)平台的教学模式特性.以《果蔬保藏学》为例,从教学大纲的编制、"发布/订阅"、动态调整三个方面,研究MOOC平台下"Pub/Sub(Publish...文章分析了"互动式"教学大纲研究现状,阐述了MOOC(Massive Open Online Courses)平台的教学模式特性.以《果蔬保藏学》为例,从教学大纲的编制、"发布/订阅"、动态调整三个方面,研究MOOC平台下"Pub/Sub(Publish/Subscribe)互动式"教学大纲的设计与实施.展开更多
The problem of blind separation of signals in post nonlinear mixture is addressed in this paper. The post nonlinear mixture is formed by a component wise nonlinear distortion after the linear mixture. Hence a nonlin...The problem of blind separation of signals in post nonlinear mixture is addressed in this paper. The post nonlinear mixture is formed by a component wise nonlinear distortion after the linear mixture. Hence a nonlinear adjusting part placed in front of the linear separation structure is needed to compensate for the distortion in separating such signals. The learning rules for the post nonlinear separation structure are derived by a maximum likelihood approach. An algorithm for blind separation of post nonlinearly mixed sub and super Gaussian signals is proposed based on some previous work. Multilayer perceptrons are used in this algorithm to model the nonlinear part of the separation structure. The algorithm switches between sub and super Gaussian probability models during learning according to a stability condition and operates in a block adaptive manner. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by experiments on simulated and real world signals.展开更多
基于对英语听说能力重要性的认识,《大学英语课程教学要求》和大学英语四、六级网考都突出了英语听说能力培养在大学英语教学中的地位。Internet为听力教学提供了大量的音视频材料,如何对这些材料进行开发利用,使其能更好地服务英语听...基于对英语听说能力重要性的认识,《大学英语课程教学要求》和大学英语四、六级网考都突出了英语听说能力培养在大学英语教学中的地位。Internet为听力教学提供了大量的音视频材料,如何对这些材料进行开发利用,使其能更好地服务英语听力教学是很有意义的一个话题。作为一款免费的字幕时间轴制作软件,Visual Sub Sync在对英语视频内容发掘方面很好地满足了听写训练和协作学习的需求。展开更多
文摘The present study evaluated submergence responses in 88 lowland indigenous rice(Oryza sativa L.) landraces from Koraput, India, to identify submergence-tolerant rice genotypes. In pot experiments, variations in survival rate, shoot elongation, relative growth index, dry matter, chlorophyll, soluble sugar and starch contents were evaluated in two consecutive years under well-drained and completely submerged conditions. Principal component analysis showed that the first three axes contributed 96.820% of the total variation among the landraces, indicating wide variation between genotypes. Major traits such as survival rate, relative growth index, soluble sugar and starch contents appeared to be important determinants of phenotypic diversity among the landraces. Phenotypic coefficient of variance was higher than genotypic coefficient of variance for all the traits and all showed high heritability(90.38%–99.54%). Five rice landraces(Samudrabali, Basnamundi, Gadaba, Surudaka and Dokarakuji) were the most tolerant to submergence. When submerged for up to 14d, Samudrabali, Basnamundi and Godoba were notable for having greater survival rates than a standard submergence tolerant variety FR13 A, and also notable for elongating more vigorously and accumulating more biomass. These three landraces may therefore be especially useful in lowland rice growing areas that are affected by both moderate stagnant water and flash flooding. Molecular genotyping revealed that the submergence tolerance of Samudrabali, Basnamundi and Godoba is linked to the presence of one or more different Sub1 loci and it may well prove useful for breeding improved submergence tolerant rice varieties, thereby assising to improve yield stability in the rainfed lowland agro-ecosystem.
文摘In the present study a group of four indigenous and less popular rice genotypes (Meghi, Panibhasha, Jabra and Sholey) reported by growers as submergence tolerant lines from flood prone areas of south Bengal were explored through study of nodal anatomy, physio-biochemical screening under submergence and genotyping with submergence tolerance linked rice microsatellite loci (RM loci). To identify the different allelic forms of different Sub1 compnents (Sub1A, Sub1B and Sub1C) among the studied lines, the genomic DNA of individual genotypes was amplified with three ethylene response factor like genes from Sub1 loci, located on rice chromosome 9. From the different physio-biochemical experiments performed in this investigation, it has been shown that Meghi and Jabra are the two probable potent genotypes which share common properties of both submergence tolerant and deep water nature whereas rest two genotypes (Sholey and Panibhasha) behave like typical deep water rice. The submergence tolerance property of Meghi was also confirmed from submergence tolerance linked SSR based genotyping by sharing with FR13A for some common alleles as reflected in fingerprint derived dendrogram. The rest of the genotypes shared a number of alleles and were included in a separate cluster. The common behaviour of Meghi and FR13A under submergence was also confirmed from genetic study of Sub1 loci through sharing of some common alleles for three Sub1 components (Sub1A, Sub1B and Sub1C loci). One SSR loci (RM 285) was identified as a potent molecular marker for submergence tolerance breeding programme involving these two selected rice lines (Meghi and Jabra) as donor plant through marker assisted selection.
基金supported by the Basic Research Fund of Beijing Institute of Technology(20120642008)
文摘In the recent research of network sampling, some sampling concepts are misunderstood, and the variance of subnets is not taken into account. We propose the correct definition of the sample and sampling rate in network sampling, as well as the formula for calculating the variance of subnets. Then, three commonly used sampling strategies are applied to databases of the connecting nearest-neighbor（CNN） model, random network and small-world network to explore the variance in network sampling. As proved by the results, snowball sampling obtains the most variance of subnets, but does well in capturing the network structure. The variance of networks sampled by the hub and random strategy are much smaller. The hub strategy performs well in reflecting the property of the whole network, while random sampling obtains more accurate results in evaluating clustering coefficient.
文摘Background: Sub arachnoid block (SAB) performed by traditional landmark palpation technique can be inaccurate. This problem is exacerbated by altered patient anatomy due to obesity and age-related changes. A pre-procedural ultrasound scan of the lumbar spine has been shown to be of benefit in guiding lumbar epidural insertion in obstetric patients. Information on the use of real-time ultrasound (RUS) guided SAB, to date, been limited. This study compared RUS guided SAB to traditional landmark guided technique in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for different surgical procedures. Methods: This was a prospective, single center, comparative observational study conducted in the department of anesthesiology at our center. 560 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia either by landmark based technique or real-time ultrasound-guided methods. The primary outcome was the first attempt success rate of dural puncture when employing the two methods. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in the two study groups. The first attempt success rate of dural puncture in landmark guided group was 64.3% compared to 72.6% in the ultrasound guided group. This difference was not statistically significant. The procedure performance time was significantly shorter with landmark palpation compared to use of real-time ultrasound guided method. Conclusion: Use of RUS-guided technique does not significantly improve the first attempt success rate of SAB dural puncture during spinal anesthesia compared to the traditional landmark-guided technique.
文摘On the basis of introducing the fundamental theory and the basic analysis steps of the sub model method, the strength of the new engine complex assembly structure was analyzed according to the properties of the engine structures, some of the key parts of the engine were analyzed with refined mesh by sub model method and the error of the FEM solution was estimated by the extrapolation method. The example showed that the sub model can not only analyze the comlex structures without the restriction of the software and hardware of the computers, but get the more precise analysis result also. This method is more suitable for the strength analysis of the complex assembly structure.
文摘文章分析了"互动式"教学大纲研究现状,阐述了MOOC(Massive Open Online Courses)平台的教学模式特性.以《果蔬保藏学》为例,从教学大纲的编制、"发布/订阅"、动态调整三个方面,研究MOOC平台下"Pub/Sub(Publish/Subscribe)互动式"教学大纲的设计与实施.
文摘The problem of blind separation of signals in post nonlinear mixture is addressed in this paper. The post nonlinear mixture is formed by a component wise nonlinear distortion after the linear mixture. Hence a nonlinear adjusting part placed in front of the linear separation structure is needed to compensate for the distortion in separating such signals. The learning rules for the post nonlinear separation structure are derived by a maximum likelihood approach. An algorithm for blind separation of post nonlinearly mixed sub and super Gaussian signals is proposed based on some previous work. Multilayer perceptrons are used in this algorithm to model the nonlinear part of the separation structure. The algorithm switches between sub and super Gaussian probability models during learning according to a stability condition and operates in a block adaptive manner. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by experiments on simulated and real world signals.
文摘基于对英语听说能力重要性的认识,《大学英语课程教学要求》和大学英语四、六级网考都突出了英语听说能力培养在大学英语教学中的地位。Internet为听力教学提供了大量的音视频材料,如何对这些材料进行开发利用,使其能更好地服务英语听力教学是很有意义的一个话题。作为一款免费的字幕时间轴制作软件,Visual Sub Sync在对英语视频内容发掘方面很好地满足了听写训练和协作学习的需求。
