Subjective and objective measures of sleep structure or quality could help to characterize the chronic sleep disturbances, with relation to patients＇ risk factor profiles and co-morbidities. Studies have shown that d...Subjective and objective measures of sleep structure or quality could help to characterize the chronic sleep disturbances, with relation to patients＇ risk factor profiles and co-morbidities. Studies have shown that discrepancies can occur between subjective data regarding sleep disturbances and the impact of insomnia and objective assays, and surrogate markers of sleep and sleep disturbances. Both objective and subjective measures should be incorporated into clinic studies. It seems likely that sleep quality is represented by a combination of more than one subjective sleep parameter. Objective and subjective assessments of sleep quality may relate to different parameters. Future studies incorporated both subjective and objective measures could help to address the sleep disorders.展开更多
A Riesz type product as Pn=nЛj=1（1＋awj＋bwj＋1）is studied, where a, b are two real numbers with ｜a｜ ＋ ｜b｜ 〈 1, and {wj} are indepen- dent random variables taking values in （-1, 1} with equal probability. Le...A Riesz type product as Pn=nЛj=1（1＋awj＋bwj＋1）is studied, where a, b are two real numbers with ｜a｜ ＋ ｜b｜ 〈 1, and {wj} are indepen- dent random variables taking values in （-1, 1} with equal probability. Let dw be the normalized Haar measure on the Cantor group Ω = （-1, 1}^N. The sequence of P,~dw 1 probability measures {Pndw/E（Pn） } is showed to converge weakly to a unique continuous measure on/2, and the obtained measure is singular with respect to dw.展开更多
In classic agency models, first best efficiency can′t be achieved due to the trade-off between risk and incentives except that agency is risk neutral. Whereas if the principal′s objective is not contractible, an alt...In classic agency models, first best efficiency can′t be achieved due to the trade-off between risk and incentives except that agency is risk neutral. Whereas if the principal′s objective is not contractible, an alternative objective performance measurement which is contractible is always proposed. However, if the reaction of this objective performance measurement to agency′s effort differs from that of the principal′s objective, the agent would game performance measures, which leads to loss of efficiency, even if agency is risk neutral. By adding subjective weights on objective measures, or combination of subjective performance measurement with objective performance measurement, efficiency can be regained. Implications for faculty pay are also discussed.展开更多
Computational similarity measures have been evaluated in a variety of ways, but few of the validated computational measures are based on a high-level, cognitive criterion of objective similarity. In this paper, we eva...Computational similarity measures have been evaluated in a variety of ways, but few of the validated computational measures are based on a high-level, cognitive criterion of objective similarity. In this paper, we evaluate two popular objective similarity measures by comparing them with face matching performance in human observers. The results suggest that these measures are still limited in predicting human behavior, especially in rejection behavior, but objective measure taking advantage of global and local face characteristics may improve the prediction. It is also suggested that human may set different criterions for“hit” and “rejection”and this may provide implications for biologically-inspired computational systems.展开更多
文摘Subjective and objective measures of sleep structure or quality could help to characterize the chronic sleep disturbances, with relation to patients＇ risk factor profiles and co-morbidities. Studies have shown that discrepancies can occur between subjective data regarding sleep disturbances and the impact of insomnia and objective assays, and surrogate markers of sleep and sleep disturbances. Both objective and subjective measures should be incorporated into clinic studies. It seems likely that sleep quality is represented by a combination of more than one subjective sleep parameter. Objective and subjective assessments of sleep quality may relate to different parameters. Future studies incorporated both subjective and objective measures could help to address the sleep disorders.
文摘A Riesz type product as Pn=nЛj=1（1＋awj＋bwj＋1）is studied, where a, b are two real numbers with ｜a｜ ＋ ｜b｜ 〈 1, and {wj} are indepen- dent random variables taking values in （-1, 1} with equal probability. Let dw be the normalized Haar measure on the Cantor group Ω = （-1, 1}^N. The sequence of P,~dw 1 probability measures {Pndw/E（Pn） } is showed to converge weakly to a unique continuous measure on/2, and the obtained measure is singular with respect to dw.
基金This projectis supported by the tenth five-year plan of the research on humanities & social scienceof Ministry of Education( # 0 1 JC6 30 0 0 3)
文摘In classic agency models, first best efficiency can′t be achieved due to the trade-off between risk and incentives except that agency is risk neutral. Whereas if the principal′s objective is not contractible, an alternative objective performance measurement which is contractible is always proposed. However, if the reaction of this objective performance measurement to agency′s effort differs from that of the principal′s objective, the agent would game performance measures, which leads to loss of efficiency, even if agency is risk neutral. By adding subjective weights on objective measures, or combination of subjective performance measurement with objective performance measurement, efficiency can be regained. Implications for faculty pay are also discussed.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2006CB303101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.60433030,30600182 and 30500157)the Royal Society
文摘Computational similarity measures have been evaluated in a variety of ways, but few of the validated computational measures are based on a high-level, cognitive criterion of objective similarity. In this paper, we evaluate two popular objective similarity measures by comparing them with face matching performance in human observers. The results suggest that these measures are still limited in predicting human behavior, especially in rejection behavior, but objective measure taking advantage of global and local face characteristics may improve the prediction. It is also suggested that human may set different criterions for“hit” and “rejection”and this may provide implications for biologically-inspired computational systems.
