STRUCTURE,MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND BIOACTIVITIES OF(1→3)-β-D-GLUCANS AND ITS SULFATED DERIVATIVES FROM FOUR KINDS OF LENTINUS EDODES

Lentinan samples,(1→3)-β-D-glucans containing 4.6-15.2 wt% proteins,coded as L-I_1 L-I_2 L-I_3 and L-I_4(L-I)were isolated from four kinds of Lentinus edodes.These glucans were treated with acetone to remove the protein in orderto obtain free protein glucans coded as LNP-I_1,LNP-I_2.LNP-I_3 and LNP-I_4(LNP-I).The free-protein polysaccharideswere sulfated to give derivatives(S-LNP-I)with degree of substitution(DS)from 0.4-0.8.The structural features andweight-average molecular weight(M_w)of the samples were investigated by using infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis,^(13)C-NMR,size exclusion chromatography combined with laser light scattering(SEC-LLS)and viscometry.The effects ofstructure and conformation of the polysaccharides on antitumor activities were assayed in vivo(Sarcoma 180 solid tumors)and in vitro(Sarcoma 180,HL-60,MCF-7 and Vero tumors).The results indicated that the predominant species of thesamples L-I and LNP-I in 0.2 mol/L NaCl aqueous solution existed as triple-helical chains with high rigidity and in dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)as single-flexible chains.Interestingly,the antitumor activities of LNP-I are lower than those of the nativeglucans(L-I),whereas their sulfated derivatives have higher inhibition ratio against Sarcoma 180 than LNP-I.The resultsreveal that the binding of protein,sulfated modification and the triple helix conformation are important factors in theenhancement of the antitumor activities of polysaccharides on the whole.

Comparison of Low Stress Mechanical Properties of Light Weight Wool and Wool Blend Fabrics using the KES-F and FAST Instruments

This study compares the test results of the FAST (Fabric Assurance by Simple Testing) with those of the KES - F (Kawabata Evaluation Systems for Fabrics) for a range of nineteen light weight wool and wool blend fabrics in terms of the low - stress mechanical properties of bending, shear, and tensile deformation. It is found that there are very significant correlations between the corresponding parameters for extensibility and shear rigidity obtained from the test results of the two systems. The correlation between the values of bending rigidity obtained from the two systems is only moderate. Furthermore, for the fabrics tested in this study, the values of bending rigidity, shear rigidity, and extensibility measured using the KES - F instruments are higher than those of the corresponding parameters measured using the FAST instruments. The linear regression equation is given for each pair of corresponding parameter.

Manufacturing of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Reinforced Tape and the Loss of Strength

Due to the low density and excellent mechanical proper-ties,high performance fiber reinforced materials have aconsiderable application in the area of high technologyand dally usage.In this paper,the Ultra-high Molecu-lar Weight Polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber reinforcedPE tape prepared with the method of powder impregnat-ion was studied.The effect of impregnate length and thetensile force of the yarn on the fiber content as well as on the strength and modulus of the tape were discussed.Calculation shows that the strength and the modulus ofthe ULMWPE fiber can keep about 85％ after it undergothe process.

Preparation of High Molecular Weight Poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone)(85-15)

Poly（L-lactide-co-caprolactone）（85-15）[P（LLA-CL）（85-15）] was synthesized from high purity L-lactide and e-caprolactone using tin octoate as initiator by ring-opening polymerization, and characterized by infrared spectrum and IH-NMR spectrum. The synthesized P（LLA-CL）（85-15） is a random copolymer. The influences of polymerization temperature, polymerization time, dosage of initiator and polymerization pressure on the weight average molecular weight and the polydispersity index of P（LLA-CL）（85-15） were investigated. The optimum preparation conditions of P（LLA-CL）（85-15） are： the polymerization pressure is less than 0.5 Pa, the polymerization temperature is 130 ~C, the n（M）/n（I） ratio is 8 000/1, and the polymerization time is 36 h. Under the condition, the weight-average molecular weight of prepared P（LLA-CL）（85-15） is 65.6x 104, and molecular weight distribution coefficient is 1.15.

Identification of a novel seed size associated locus SW9-1 in soybean

Seed size is one of the vital traits determining seed appearance, quality, and yield. Untangling the genetic mechanisms regulating soybean 100-seed weight (100-SW), seed length and seed width across environments may provide a theoretical basis for improving seed yield. However, there are few reports related to QTL mapping of 100-SW across multiple ecological regions. In this study, 21 loci associated with seed size traits were identified using a genome-wide association of 5361 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across three ecoregions in China, which could explain 8.12%–14.25% of the phenotypic variance respectively. A new locus, named as SW9-1 on chromosome 9 that explained 10.05%–10.93% of the seed weight variance was found significantly related to seed size traits, and was not previously reported. The selection effect analysis showed that SW9-1 locus has a relatively high phenotypic effect (13.67) on 100-SW, with a greater contribution by the accessions with bigger seeds (3.69) than the accessions with small seeds (1.66). Increases in seed weight were accompanied by increases in the frequency of SW9-1T allele, with >90% of the bred varieties with a 100-SW >30 g carrying SW9-1T. Analysis of SW9-1 allelic variation in additional soybean accessions showed that SW9-1T allele accounting for 13.83% of the wild accessions, while in 46.55% and 51.57% of the landraces and bred accessions, respectively, this results indicating that the SW9-1 locus has been subjected to artificial selection during the early stages of soybean breeding, especially the utilization of SW9-1T in edamame for big seed. These results suggest that SW9-1 is a novel and reliable locus associated with seed size traits, and might have an important implication for increasing soybean seed weight in molecular design breeding. Cloning this locus in future may provide new insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying soybean seed size traits.

Kravchenko probabilityweight functions in problems of radar signals correlation processing

In this report the combined method of correlation radar signal(RS)processing based on the theory of atomic functions(AF)is examined.Examples of using of new Kravchenko probability weight functions(WF)designs are presented.Quality functional to estimate accuracy and efficiency of RS processing for concrete physical models is constructed.It is shown that the proposed approach significantly improves the quality of the coherent analysis of RS.

ON THE m^(th) ORDER DIFFERENCE SEQUENCE SPACE OF GENERALIZED WEIGHTED MEAN AND COMPACT OPERATORS

In this article, using generalized weighted mean and difference matrix of order m, we introduce the paranormed sequence space l（u, v, p; △（m））, which consist of the sequences whose generalized weighted △（m）-difference means are in the linear space l（p） defined by I.J.Maddox. Also, we determine the basis of this space and compute its α-, β- and γ-duals. Further, we give the characterization of the classes of matrix mappings from l（u, v, p, △（m）） to l∞, c, and co. Finally, we apply the Hausdorff measure of noncompacness to characterize some classes of compact operators given by matrices on the space lp（U, v, △（m）） （1 ≤ p 〈 ∞）.

超长综放孤岛面矿压规律及支架适应性研究

基于兖矿集团兴隆庄煤矿4324超长综放孤岛面开采条件,采用圆图压力自计仪,连续记录液压支架的初撑力和工作阻力,分析了综放工作面液压支架支护阻力的循环变化规律,工作面沿倾斜方向上的压力分布特征.研究结果表明,超长综放孤岛工作面具有明显的分段来压和周期来压特征,在工作面倾斜方向上两端部压力高于中部,而且压力影响范围增大.通过实测分析液压支架的初撑力、时间加权阻力、工作末阻力分布频率,以及支架工作特性和移架前后立柱的压力变化规律,得出工作面液压支架支护参数合理,具有良好的适应性.

基于分段统计非等权处理提高寻北仪抗基座扰动的能力

为减小静基座寻北时外部基座扰动对寻北精度的影响,文章首先分析了基座扰动引起寻北仪输出数据变化的特点,根据干扰大小的时段性,提出采用分段统计非等权处理的方法对寻北仪原始输出数据进行滤波处理,将分段统计后的均方差大小作为衡量该段数据可信度的依据,并对每段数据赋予不同的权值。通过人员走动及上下车的扰动试验进行仿真,证明该方法可以较好地减小基座扰动对寻北精度的影响。

血清胱抑素C作为检测血液透析对低分子蛋白清除率一种新标志物探讨

目的评估血清胱抑素 C(cystatin C,Cys C)能否作为血液透析对低分子质量蛋白质(low molecular weight pro-teins,LMWPs)清除率的一种重要标志物。方法测定52例次血液透析患者透析前后的 Cys C、β_2-微球蛋白(β_2-microglobu-lin,β_2-MG)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)和血肌酐(seaum creatinine,Scr)的浓度,其中30例次采用常规血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)治疗,22例次采用血液透析滤过(hemodiafiltration,HDF)治疗,并进行透析前后样本均数比较、计算对 CysC、β_2-MG、BUN、Scr 的清除率及二种透析方式 Kt/V(urea clearance divided by volume of distribution)值。结果在 HD 治疗组Cys C 的浓度透后较透前升高,透前(6.59±1.32)mg/L,透后(8.16±1.88)mg/L,P<0.01,而经 HDF 治疗组透后 Cys C 的浓度较透前明显降低,透前(6.89±1.47)mg/L,透后(2.39±1.06)mg/L,P<0.01,且在 HDF 治疗组 Cys C 清除率达62.8%,同 Scr 清除率61.5%近似。结论 Cys C 是一个较好的评价血液透析对 LMWPs 清除率的指标,且优于β_2-MG。

基于SWGPSO算法的多序列比对

针对粒子群优化(PSO)易陷入局部最优、收敛速度慢的现象,提出一种新的惯性权重取值方法——分段取值惯性权重(SW)方法。该方法在算法前期增加粒子多样性,后期加速算法收敛。针对PSO仅使用2个最优值寻优的问题,引入第3个最优值GB,将SW与GB结合,改进PSO的进化方程。实验结果表明,该算法解决多序列比对问题时,可以有效地避免算法早熟,并提高解的精度。

永磁电机参数辨识调速稳定性优化仿真

永磁同步电机(PMSM)参数在线辨识,对于电机伺服系统的高精度控制和故障诊断等研究都具有重要意义。针对永磁同步电机d-q轴等效电磁参数的数学模型,为解决在线辨识过程中电机调速动作引起的辨识值波动问题,克服优化方法实时跟踪性能与稳定性能之间的矛盾,引入了基于折息递推最小二乘(RMD)的辨识方法,增加可调参数以解耦实时跟踪性能与稳定性能,并提出分段加权的折息因子以优化折息因子作用方式。仿真结果表明,上述方法在抑制坏值干扰方面具有显著效果,保证了辨识的快速精确与平稳可靠。

半孤岛超长综放面矿压显现规律研究

基于KJ327矿山压力监测系统,分析了潞安集团常村煤矿北3-3半孤岛超长综放工作面液压支架支护阻力的循环变化规律和工作面沿倾斜方向上的压力分布特征,结果表明:半孤岛超长综放面具有明显分段来压和周期来压特征;在工作面倾斜方向上,实体煤侧、中部与孤岛侧压力呈递增状态,距端头尾各50m左右出现相对峰值,为顶板管理的重点;孤岛侧轨道巷围岩变形明显。

Applications of MEMS devices in nanosatellite

micro-electro-mechanical system （MEMS） device has the advantages of both electronic system and mechanical system. With the development of MEMS devices for satellite, it is possible to establish much lighter and smaller nanosatellites with higher performance and longer lifecyele. The power consumption of MEMS devices is usually much lower than that of traditional devices, which will greatly reduce the consumption of power. For its small size and simple architecture, MEMS devices can be easily integrated together and achieve redundancy. Launched on April 18, 2004, NS - 1 is a nanosatellite for science exploration and MEMS devices test. A mass of science data and images were acquired during its running. NS - 1 weights less than 25 kg. It consists of several MEMS devices, including one miniature inertial measurement unit（MIMU） , three micro complementary metal oxide semiconductor （CMOS）cameras, one sun sensor, three momentum wheels, and one micro magnetic sensor. By applying micro components based on MEMS technology, NS - 1 has made success in the experiments of integrative design, manufacture, and MEMS devices integration. In this paper, some MEMS devices for nanosatellite and picosatellite are introduced, which have been tested on NS -1 nanosatellite or on the ground.

烘丝工序物料含水率过程控制评价方法研究

通过对烘丝工序出料含水率在线数据采集分布图进行分析,将整个烘丝过程分成起始、中间和结束三段分别进行研究,对起始和结束段采用曲线拟合和图形面积构筑的方法进行评价,对中间段采用过程能力指数值进行评价,最后对各段赋予权重,采用功效系数法形成总得分,从而对烘丝工序出口水分控制情况进行综合评价。通过模型验证,该功效系数得分模型结果和出料过程水分稳定性、准确性、干头干尾量高度关联,可以使用功效系数得分评价烘丝过程控制效果,代替干头干尾量和过程曲线波动大小的评价。实际应用可以起到减少评价数据量,减少检测过程人力投入,为实现自动评价创造条件。

基于部分加权损失函数的SSD仪表字符检测方法研究

针对变电站中数字仪表字符受环境、类间数量不平衡导致的识别准确率底的问题,文章提出了一种基于部分加权损失函数的SSD字符检测方法。文章先通过对SSD的分类损失函数引入类间样本平衡因子,提升少样本的仪表字符类别的关注度;再结合多任务平衡因子,调节分类损失和回归损失之间对权重更新速率差异。实验以存在类间样本数量不平衡的仪表字符为对象,与SSD进行对比,基于部分加权损失函数的SSD对仪表字符检测,mAP-50提升了3.23个百分点。

时间序列分段加权的引水量预测方法

结合新疆某水库,对引水量的线性预测模型与二次预测模型进行校验,证明了其可用性。通过建立的分段加权预测方法,得到了该案例中2017年的引水量的考虑数据量和考虑数据远近的预测值。

Light weighting opportunities and material choice for commercial vehicle frame structures from a design point of view

This paper focuses on an estimation of light weighting opportunities for the frame structure of com- mercial road vehicles. This estimation is based on simpli- fied static load cases which play a predominant role for the dimensioning of a frame structure and therefore these simplifications are not putting the general validity of the conclusions into question. A comparison of different ma- terials under this scenario shows that light metals do not show any weight reduction advantage in comparison to steel while a material-independent topology optimization has more weight reduction potential for the frame structure than a simple change of materials. Considering the con- straints of part complexity which is directly linked with production and assembly cost, the ladder frame structure has become the current state of the art design. Thus the paper also puts a spotlight on basic rules of node design and vertical load induction in order to keep the weight of such a design as low as possible. Practical examples from manufacturers show that the weight of a commercial vehicle could be reduced by 10%, and main parts of the frame structure could be reduced by 30% using high strength steel in combination with innovative production methods like roll forming.

Weight Choosability of Graphs with Maximum Degree 4

Let k be a positive integer.A graph G is k-weight choosable if,for any assignment L(e)of k real numbers to each e∈E(G),there is a mapping f:E(G)→R such that f(uv)∈L(uv)and∑e∈∂(u)^f(e)≠∑e∈∂(u)^f(e)for each uv∈E(G),where?(v)is the set of edges incident with v.As a strengthening of the famous 1-2-3-conjecture,Bartnicki,Grytczuk and Niwcyk[Weight choosability of graphs.J.Graph Theory,60,242–256(2009)]conjecture that every graph without isolated edge is 3-weight choosable.This conjecture is wildly open and it is even unknown whether there is a constant k such that every graph without isolated edge is k-weight choosable.In this paper,we show that every connected graph of maximum degree 4 is 4-weight choosable.

Synthesis and Gelation Capability of Fmoc and Boc Mono-substituted Cyclo（L-Lys-L-Lys）s

Fmoc or Boc mono-substituted cyclo（L-Lys-L-Lys）s were synthesized via the reaction of lysine cyclic dipeptide with Fmoc N-hydroxysuccinimide este（Fmoc-OSu） and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate[（Boc）20], respectively. The resulted mono-substituted cyclo（L-Lys-L-Lys）s（2-4） by means of test tube inversion method served as organogelators enabled to form stable thermo-reversible organogels in alcoholic, substituted benzene and chlorinated solvents, with the minimum gelation concentration（MGC） in a range of 1%-4%（mass fraction）. The transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） observations reveal that these gelators self-assembled into 3D nanofiber, nanoribbon or nanotube network structures. The rheological measurement exhibited that the sto- rage modulus of gels is higher than the loss one, and the complex viscosity is reduced linearly with the increasing of scanning frequency. The fluorescence spectrum of compound 2 in 1,2-dichloroethane and benzene demonstrates that the emission peak of Fmoc at 320 nm has red-shifted and the intensity decreases gradually, while the intensity of the emission peak at 460 nm substantially enhances as a function of concentration, indicating the existence of π-π stacking interactions and the formation of J-type aggregates. Meanwhile, compound 4 self-assembled into nanotubes via the stacking of multiple bilayer membranes. Fmoc and Boc disubstituted cyclo（L-Lys-L-Lys）（3） holds the relatively lower MGC values, showing the stronger gelation ability in most selected organic solvents due to the presence of both Fmoc and Boc groups.