Petrology of the Non-mafic UHP Metamorphic Rocks from a Drillhole in the Southern Sulu Orogenic Belt,Eastern-Central China

The Drillhole ZK703 with a depth of 558 m is located in the Donghai area of the southern Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt, eastern China, and penetrates typical UHP eclogites and various non-mafic rocks, including peridotite, gneiss, schist and quartzite. Their protoliths include ultramafic, mafic, intermediate, intermediate-acidic, acidic igneous rocks and sediments. These rocks are intimately interlayered, which are meters to millimeters thick with sharp and nontectonic contacts, suggesting in-situ metamorphism under UHP eclogite facies conditions. The following petrologic features indicate that the non-mafic rocks have experienced early-stage UHP metamorphism together with the eclogites: (1) phengite relics in gneisses and schists contain a high content of Si, up to 3.52 p.f.u. (per formula unit), while amphibolite-facies phengites have considerably low Si content (<3.26 p.f.u.); (2) jadeite relics are found in quartzite and jadeitite; (3) various types of symplectitic coronas and pseud

Structural Evidence for the in-situ Origin of the HP and UHP Eclogites in the Dabie-Sulu Orogenic Belt

Whether the HP and UHP metamorphic rocks of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt are of an "in-situ" or "foreign" origin is a long-standing dispute among geologists. Eclogites preserved today in the HP and UHP units constitute merely 5-10%, which are not isolated exotic bodies tectonically intruding into amphibolite facies gneiss, but remnants of once pervasive or widespread eclogite-facies terranes or slabs. The present spatial distribution and forms of the eclogites have resulted from polyphase and progressive deformation and strain partitioning of the HP and UHP slabs. From their formation in deep mantle to their exhumation to the surface, the eclogites have experienced long-term deformation with different strain regimes. The dominant regime responsible for the present spatial distribution and forms of the eclogites is the shear process. The deformation patterns of the eclogites and gneiss matrix also clearly show that the eclogites were metamorphosed in situ. The original distribution area of the eclogites

Geochemical constraints on the origin of Early Cretaceous alkaline intrusions and its tectonic implication,Sulu Orogenic Belt,Eastern North China Craton

Post-orogenic alkaline intrusions from the Sulu Orogenic Belt of eastern North China Craton consist of A-type granites.In this study,we report U-Pb zircon ages,geochemical data,Sr-Nd-Pb,and zircon Hf isotopic data for these rocks.The LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon analyses yield consistent ages ranging from 127.1±2.4 to 119.5±4.8 Ma for four samples.The alkaline rocks are characterized by high total alkalis(K2 O+Na2 O=8.32-10.11 wt%),light rare-earth element enrichment,and heavy rare-earth element depletion,with a wide range(La/Yb)N values(20-48),moderate negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu*=0.50-0.74),enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements(LILEs,i.e.,Rb,Th,U and Pb),and depletion in Ba,Sr and high field strength elements(HFSEs,i.e.,Nb,Ta,and Ti),high(87Sr/86Sr)i ranging from 0.708 to 0.7089,low sNd(t)values from-19.4 to-16.8,(206Pb/204Pb)i=16.751-16.935,(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.381-15.535,(208-Pb/204Pb)i=37.472-37.838,negativeεHf(t)values between-21.3 and-25.7 for the magmatic zircons,and larger TDM2 model ages from 2.5 to 2.8 Ga.These results suggest that the rocks were derived from a common enriched lithospheric mantle source that was metasomatized by foundered lower crustal eclogitic materials before magma generation.Furthermore,the geochemical and isotopic feature implies that the primary magma of these rocks originated through partial melting of ancient lithospheric mantle that was variably hybridized by melts derived from lower crust eclogite.These rocks in this study may have been generated by subsequent fractionation of potassium feldspar,plagioclase,ilmenite,and/or rutile.However,negligible crustal contamination occurred during the diagenesis process.

SS-LASS Zircon Dating Deciphering Multiple Episodes of Anatexis in a Deeply-Subducted Continental Crust:An Example from Sulu Orogen,China

‘Single shot'laser-ablation split-stream(SS-LASS)technique analyzing unpolished zircon grains makes their thin rims tenable for determination,which thus offers great potential in deciphering the timing of multiple and short-lived episodes of anatexis and metamorphism in deeplysubducted continental crusts.Dominated granitic gneisses in the deeply subducted continental crust undergoing considerable fluid-melt activities persist multistage growth of zircon.Therefore,a comparative study of SS-LASS and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer(LA-ICP-MS)zircon dating was conducted on the granitic gneisses from the Sulu belt in this study.Zircons mostly show a core-mantle-rim structure with CL-bright rims thinner than 5μm.For LA-ICP-MS dating,relict magmatic zircon cores yield protolith ages of ca.756-747 Ma;whereas the dark mantles record synexhumation anatexis at ca.214 Ma.By contrast,according to the U-Pb dates,trace element features,zircon crystallization temperatures and geological context,SS-LASS zircon petrochronology deciphers three episodes of anatectic events,as follows:(i)the first episode of anatexis at ca.218-217 Ma dominated by phengite-breakdown melting,likely facilitating the exhumation of the UHP slice from mantle depth;(ii)the second episode of anatexis at ca.193–191 Ma indicating part of northern Dabie-Sulu belt was still“hot”because of buried in the thickened orogenic crust at that time;(iii)the third episode of anatexis(ca.162–161 Ma)consistent with the intrusion ages(ca.161–141 Ma)of the Jurassic to Cretaceous granitoids in this orogen,suggesting the initial collapse of the orogenic root of the Sulu belt occurred at Late Jurassic due to the Izanagi plate initially subducting beneath the margin of Eastern Asia.This study sheds new light upon the utilization of SS-LASS petrochronology deciphering multiple anatectic events in the deeply-subducted continental crust and supports us in better understanding the tectonic evolution of Dabie-Sulu Orogen.

The Wulian Metamorphic Core Complex: A Newly Discovered Metamorphic Core Complex along the Sulu Orogenic Belt, Eastern China

Combined with field studies, microscopic observations, and EBSD fabric analysis, we defined a possible Early Cretaceous metamorphic core complex （MCC） in the Wulian area along the Sulu orogenic belt in eastern China. The MCC is of typical Cordilleran type with five elements： （1） a master detachment fault and sheared rocks beneath it, a lower plate of crystalline rockswith （2） middle crust metamorphic rocks, （3） syn-kinematic plutons, （4） an upper plate of weakly deformed Proterozoic metamorphic rocks, and （5） Cretaceous volcanic-sedimentary rocks in the supradetachment basin. Some postkinematic incursions cut across the master detachment fault zone and two plates. In the upper plate, Zhucheng （诸城） Basin basement consists of the Proterozoic Fenzishan （粉子山） Group, Jinning period granite （762–834 Ma）. The s u pr a de tac hme nt ba sin a bo ve the Proterozoic rocks is filled with the Early Cretaceous Laiyang （莱阳） （~135–125 Ma） and Qingshan （青山） groups （120–105 Ma）, as wellas the Late Cretaceous Wangshi （王氏） Group （85–65 Ma）. The detachment fault zone is developed at the base and margin of the superposed basin. Pseudotachylite and micro breccia layers located at the top of the detachment fault. Stretching lineation and foliation are well developed in the ductile shear belt in the detachment faults. The stretching lineation indicates a transport direction of nearly east to west on the whole, while the foliations trend WNW, WSW, and SE. Protomylonite, mylonite, and ultramylonite are universally developed in the faults, transitioning to mylonitic gneiss, and finally to gneiss downward. Microstructure and quartz preferred orientation show that the mylonites formed at high greenschist facies to low greenschist facies as a whole. The footwall metamorphic rock series of the Wulian MCC are chiefly UHP （ultrahigh pressure） metamorphic rocks. Syntectonic rocks developed simultaneously with the Wulian MCC detachment and extension. Geological research has demonstrated that the MCC is associated with small-scale intrusive rocks developing in the vicinity of the detachment faults, for instance, dike. Geochronology results indicate that the denudation of the Wulian MCC occurred at about 135–122 Ma. Its development and exhumation was irrelevant to the Sulu UHP metamorphism zone rapid exhumation during Triassic Period but resulted from the crustal extension of North China Craton and adjacent area.

Metamorphic P-T Path Differences between the Two UHP Terranes of Sulu Orogen, Eastern China: Petrologic Comparison between Eclogites from Donghai and Rongcheng

The Sulu Orogen constitutes the eastern part of the Sulu-Dabie Orogen formed by Triassic collision between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze plates. An HP Slice Ⅰ and two UHP slices Ⅱ and Ⅲ with contrasting subduction and exhumation histories within the Sulu Orogen were postulated. This study presents the metamorphic P-T paths of eclogites from the two UHP belts constructed by petrog- raphy, mineral chemistry and Perple_X P-T pseudosection modeling in the MnC（K）NFMASHO system. Eclogites from Slice Ⅲ mainly consist of omphacite, garnet and quartz, with minor rutile, ilmenite, amphibole and phengite. Eclogites from Slice Ⅱ show a porphyroblastic texture with epidote porphyroblasts and garnet, omphacite, phengite, quartz and rutile in matrix. Pseudosection modeling reveals that eclogites from Slice Ⅱ witness a peak metamorphism of eclogite-facies under conditions of 3.1-3.3 GPa and 660-690 ℃, and a retrograde cooling decompression process. The eclogites from Slice Ⅲ record a heating decompressive P-T path with a peak-P stage of 3.2 GPa and 840℃ and a peak-T stage of 2.4 GPa and 950 ℃, suggesting an apparent granulite-facies metamorphism overprint during exhumation. Both eclogites recorded clockwise P-T paths with peak P-T conditions suggesting a subduction beneath the Sino-Korean Plate to -100-105 km depth. Combined with tectonic scenarios from previous studies, it is concluded that the two UHP crustal slices in the Sulu terrane have a similar geodynamic evolution, but the UHP rocks in Slice Ⅱ exhumed after the eclogitic peak-pressure conditions earlier than that of Slice Ⅲ. The existence of Slice Ⅱ diminished the buoyancy force on Slice Ⅲ, resulting in a granulite-facies overprint on Slice Ⅲ. The Sulu orogenic belt is made up of different crustal slices that underwent different subduction and exhumation histories, rather than a single unit.

An FTIR Study of Kyanite in the Maobei Kyanite-Bearing Eclogites from the Sulu Orogenic Belt, Eastern China

As a minor phase, kyanite has been repeatedly shown to have experienced ultrahigh pressure （UHP） metamorphism together with its host eclogites. Thus, it could play some role in trans- porting water into the deep earth. Here we present a detailed investigation of water concentrations of kyanite, and for reference, of garnet and omphacite from four Maobei eclogites in the Sulu orogenic belt, eastern China. Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） measurements show that kyanites, garnets, and omphacites all have distinct hydroxyl absorption bands due to OH groups bound in their crystal struc- ture. The FTIR profile analyses on ten grains from different samples reveal a homogeneous distribution of water across kyanite, suggesting insignificant water loss during exhumation. The calculated water concentrations in kyanite （21 wt ppm-41 wt ppm） are comparable to those reported previously for kyanite from various geological occurrences when using the most recent calibration. They are however much lower compared with those in garnet （46 wt ppm-83 wt ppm） and omphacite （302 wt ppm-548 wt ppm） from the Maobei eclogites. This implies that kyanite is not a major water carrier in eclogites con- sidering its low volume fraction and contributes negligibly to transport water into the deep mantle ac- companying subducted oceanic crust until its possible transformation to AISiO3OH.

Late Mesozoic rifting and its deep dynamic mechanisms in the central Sulu orogenic belt: Records from Lingshan Island

The Lingshan Island scientific drill confirms that two episodes(Laiyang period and Qingshan period) of rifting developed in the central Sulu orogenic belt(SOB) in Late Mesozoic. With a set of methods including fieldwork, drilling, core logging, zircon U-Pb dating and whole rock geochemistry applied, the age, the depositional sequence and the deep dynamic mechanisms of rift evolution were unraveled. The stratigraphic sequence of the Laiyang-Qingshan Groups on Lingshan Island was composed of two different rifting sequences:(1) Laiyang Group(147–125 Ma), which consists of deep-water gravity flow deposits with interlayers of intermediate volcanic rocks;and(2) Lower Qingshan Group(125–119 Ma), which unconformably overlies the former sequence and contains subaerial volcanic deposits and terrestrial deposits. The tectonic environment changed during the evolution of these two episodes of rifting: the rift was in a NNW-SSE extensional environment in the Laiyang period and showed the typical passive rifting character that “lithospheric extension and rifting preceded volcanism”. The passive rifting period was ended by a short WNW-ESE compression at about 125 Ma. After that, the tectonic environment transferred to a strong NW-SE extensional environment and the rifting evolved into a volcanic arc basin in the Qingshan period. The igneous rocks are shoshonitic to high-K calc-alkaline trachyandesites to trachytes with a few intercalated lamprophyres and a rhyolite.The geochemical characteristics of the igneous rocks indicate that they are mantle-derived melts with a metasomatized mantle source and/or crustal contamination. In addition, an increased thinning of the lithosphere happened during the rifting episodes.The low-angle subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate in the Jurassic weakened the thickened SOB lithospheric mantle. The rollback of the subducting plate started in late Jurassic to early Cretaceous, and the SOB lithospheric mantle was delaminated synchronously because of the gravity collapse. Thus, this caused passive rifting in the Laiyang period. Thereafter, the rollback and trench retreat of the high-angle subducting Paleo-Pacific plate would have achieved its climax, resulting in the strong regional extension. Passive rifting was ended by the crustal uplift caused by asthenospheric upwelling beneath the rift. The lower crust was heated by the upwelling asthenosphere and partially melted to form felsic melts, which were emplaced upwards and erupted explosively. The rift evolved into a volcanic arc basin in the Qingshan period and showed some characteristics of active rifting. Above all, a passive rifting in the Laiyang period and a volcanic arc basin in the Qingshan period developed successively in the Lingshan Island area(the central SOB). This records the transfer of the study area from the Paleo-Tethys tectonic domain to the circum-Pacific tectonic domain. The delamination of SOB lithospheric mantle and the upwelling of asthenospheric material were the deep dynamic mechanisms driving the development and evolution of two rift episodes. Additionally, the rift development was controlled remotely by the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate.

Monazite recorded Paleoproterozoic granulite-facies metamorphism and Triassic fluid modification of the Weihai pelitic granulite,Sulu orogen

Monazite is an important accessory mineral in the pelitic granulites(Weihai area,Sulu orogen),and is also a powerful monitor for understanding the metamorphic evolution of the granulites.The pelitic granulites incongruously occur as lenses in granitic gneisses.The lithologies of the lenses gradually change from core to margin:The undeformed coarse-grained granulite,the foliated fine-grained granulite,the garnet-biotite-gneiss,and the migmatized granulite.The lens cores mostly preserve a peak granulite-facies metamorphic mineral assemblage of garnet+plagioclase(antiperthite)+quartz+sillimanite+biotite with accessory minerals of rutile,zircon,and monazite.The lens margins display a fluid-induced retrogression.In order to decipher the metamorphic processes of the pelitic granulites,a combined study of BSE imaging,U-Pb dating,and trace element composition for the monazites from the metapelitic lens were conducted.Monazites from the undeformed coarse-grained granulite only record a Paleoproterozoic age(1832±7 Ma,n=40).Monazites from the other lithologies yield the inherited Paleoproterozoic age and Triassic overgrowth age.For example,monazites from the migmatite yield intercept ages of 1818±10 and 211±22 Ma(n=56)with Triassic concordant age of 223.8±2.9 Ma.The Paleoproterozoic monazites are characterized by remarkable depletion in HREE and Y with obviously negative Eu anomalies,indicating their formation equilibrated with garnet and feldspar under granulite-facies conditions.During Triassic fluid modification,the monazite bright rims assimilated Th and Si but released U,HREE,Y,and P.This process resulted in that the Triassic overgrowth monazites have higher HREE and Y contents,and lower Th and U contents with relatively low Th/U ratios.Thus,the monazites in the pelitic granulites recorded a Paleoproterozoic metamorphic event and Triassic fluid modification.The Weihai pelitic granulites might have a tectonic affinity with the North China Craton.Therefore,the Paleoproterozoic pelitic granulites were mechanically drawn into the orogen during the Triassic continental collision,and subsequently were remoulded by the fluids during its exhumation.

Post-collisional lithosphere delamination of the Dabie-Sulu orogen

The consistence between the first rapid cooling time (226-219 Ma) of the untrahigh pressure metamorphic (UHPM) rocks in the Dabie Mountains and the formation time (205-220 Ma) of the syncollisional granites in the Qinling and Sulu areas suggests that the first rapid cooling and uplift of the UHPM rocks may be related to breakoff of subducted plate. Therefore the second rapid cooling and uplift (180-170 Ma) of the UHPM racks needs a post-colli-sional lithosphere delamination which resulted in the granitic magmatism with an age of about 170 Ma. In addition, the rapid rising of the Dabie dome in the early Cretaceous (130-110 Ma) and the corresponding large-scale magmatism in the Dabie Mountains need another litho-sphere delamination. The geochronology of the post-collis-ional mafic-ultramafic intrusions and geological relationship between the mafic-ultramafic intrusions and granites suggest that partial melting was initiated in the mantle, and then progressively developed in the crust, suggesting a mantle

Seismic tomography showing subduction and slab breakoff of the Yangtze block beneath the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt

Seismic tomography reveals that a subducted ancient block has been preserved beneath the Moho of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt. Taking into account of geological and geochronological data, we inferred from the tomographic images that the Yangtze block was subducted northward beneath the Sino-Korean block and broken off at the depth 【200 km during 200-190 Ma. The slab breakoff of the Yangtze block is the most important dynamic mechanism to control the exhumation of UHP rocks.

Deep electrical structure of the Sulu orogen and neighboring areas

Because of the discovery of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic (UHPM) belt beneath the Sulu (Jiangsu Province-Shandong Province) orogen, this area has become a focused subject of current geoscience, as it has a close relationship with the evolution of the orogen and the neighboring North China craton. Probing the deep structure beneath this area would be of great significance for the geological interpretation of this issue. In this study, we make an analysis of magnetotelluric (MT) data along a profile across the Sulu orogen to provide evidence of deep structure below this region. The profile begins in west from the North China block, extending in S129°E, across the Tan-Lu fault, Sulu UHPM zone, and Sulu high pressure metamorphic (HPM) zone, and terminates in the Yangtze block in east. We use the nonlinear conjugate gradient method and TE-TM combined mode to perform inversion and interpretation of the MT data, and obtain an electrical structure image above depth of 150 km along the profile. It shows that the structure can be divided into seven sections in lateral direction, between which the electric boundaries coincide well with the major faults, such as the Tan-Lu, Haizhou-Siyang, and Jiashan-Xiangshui faults. In vertical direction the electrical structure can be subdivided into six layers of different resistivities. It is noted that there exist high-conductivity areas in crust below the North China block and Yangtze block, while such a feature is not present beneath the Sulu orogen, which is very different from the Dabie orogen. It is also observed that a fairly continuous zone of relatively low-resistivity exists at depths of 50–90 km of the electrical structure image, which is presumably a weak zone in the uppermost mantle. Just below this low-resistivity zone are the relatively high- resistivity layer of the North China block, relatively low-resistivity layer of the Sulu orogen, and relatively high-resistivity layer of the Yangtze block, all in the shallow upper mantle, respectively. From the whole 2D electrical structure image, there is no abnormally low-resistivity layer in the shallow upper mantle beneath the Sulu orogen and neighboring areas, indicating that no hot asthenoshperic material associated with lithospheric thinning exists at present.

Zircon U-Pb Ages and Hf Isotopes of Neoproterozoic Meta-Igneous Rocks in the Liansandao Area,Northern Sulu Orogen,Eastern China,and the Tectonic Implications

The Sulu Orogen preserves the Neoproterozoic tectonic-magmatic events,corresponding to the breaking up of the Rodinia supercontinent.The ages and petrogenesis of meta-igneous rocks in the Liansandao area in the northern Sulu Orogen are not well-constrained.This study reports zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes of these rocks from the Liansandao area.Three meta-igneous rock samples give similar weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U ages of 744±11,767±12,and 762±15 Ma,respectively,indicating the Neoproterozoic crystallization ages.These rocks formed coevally with the Wulian and Yangkou intrusions that located along the Yantai-Qingdao-Wulian fault zone.The Neoproterozoic ages indicate that the meta-igneous rocks from the Liansandao area have affinity to the Yangtze Block.The three samples haveεHf(t)values of-7.2–-10.5,-6.0–-17.5,and-6.8–-12.0,respectively.These negativeεHf(t)values indicate a primarily crustal source.However,the widely variousεHf(t)values that are higher than the continental crust,suggesting magma mixing between mantle-derived materials and the continental crust or source heterogeneity.Combined with the Hf model ages and geochemical characteristics,the monzodiorite(sample LSD-2)is most likely to be mantle-derived magma then interacted with ancient continental crust,and the granitic protolith(samples LSD-1 and LSD-3)in the Liansandao area might derive from the re-melting of a Paleoproterozoic continental crust at^750 Ma,resulting from the upwelling and underplating of mantle-derived magma formed in an extensional setting due to the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent.

苏鲁造山带新沂地区新元古代花岗片麻岩成因及对Rodinia超大陆裂解的响应

新沂地区花岗片麻岩位于苏鲁造山带的西缘。本文通过新沂地区花岗片麻岩岩相学、岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb同位素年代学等方面的研究,探讨其成因与构造环境,以揭示Rodinia超大陆裂解事件在该地区的反响。研究认为:研究区花岗片麻岩属准铝质-弱过铝质A型花岗岩,具有高SiO_(2)、富碱、贫CaO、低Al_(2)O_(3)质量分数的特征,以及右倾海鸥型稀土元素配分模式,富集Rb、Zr、Hf等元素,严重亏损Sr、Eu、Nb、Ta等元素,形成年龄为746.0~742.5 Ma。新沂地区花岗片麻岩是来自下地壳物质为主、少量幔源物质的部分熔融,在岩浆演化过程中经历了以钾长石和斜长石为主的分离结晶,而后经过超高压变质作用最终形成。研究区花岗片麻岩形成于新元古代后碰撞伸展环境,是Rodinia超大陆裂解事件在苏鲁造山带新沂地区的最初响应。

江苏沉积变质型磷矿带含磷岩系LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

江苏沉积变质型磷矿带位于大别—苏鲁造山带东段,锦屏岩组是带内唯一赋矿地层,因其遭受过多期强烈的变形变质作用改造,层序杂乱,勘查难度大,研究程度低,目前其形成时代尚无定论。本文应用LAICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法,对锦屏岩组各类岩性进行测试,获得绿色片岩类岩石原岩年龄为(956±7)Ma~(691±14)Ma,浅色片岩类岩石原岩年龄不早于(833±39)Ma,片麻岩类岩石原岩年龄不早于(772±31)Ma。结合成矿带内含磷岩系中古生物化石资料,将锦屏岩组原岩形成时代界定为新元古代,将磷矿原始沉积时间限定在震旦纪,为江苏磷矿勘查与研究提供了新的基础资料。

上覆板块对大陆深俯冲构造响应:以胶辽地区为例

在大陆深俯冲形成的超高压造山带中,由于超高压岩石折返构造的强烈改造,板块汇聚过程中的收缩构造难以在造山带内部识别,进而影响了对造山过程的完整认识。上覆板块,由于其构造部位的特殊性,较少受折返构造的影响,较大可能地记录了板块汇聚过程的收缩构造,成为理解板块汇聚过程和演化的关键地区。本文以华南板块大陆深俯冲过程中苏鲁超高压造山带上覆华北大陆岩石圈的构造响应为切入点,以胶辽地区为研究靶区,运用多尺度构造解析的方法,综合前人研究成果开展三叠纪收缩构造的流变学特点研究,结合造山带内部变形特征,探讨苏鲁超高压造山带及其上覆板块构造演化过程和动力学机制。研究结果表明,上覆板块在华南-华北汇聚过程中经历了早期上部向NE剪切的逆冲构造和晚期上部向SW剪切的反冲构造。早期收缩构造表现为胶北地体莱西单元早-中三叠世上部指向NE的韧性变形,辽东地体中-晚三叠世上部指向NE的韧性变形和极性向NE的褶皱-逆冲构造;从南向北,变形层次渐浅,时间渐新。晚期收缩构造主要表现为胶北地体林寺山单元晚三叠世早期上部指向SW的韧性变形和辽东地体层次较浅的上部向SW剪切的反冲构造。综合苏鲁超高压造山带晚三叠世晚期造成超高压变质岩石折返的伸展构造,我们建立了华南-华北板块汇聚的三阶段演化模型。我们认为华南板块的低角度-平板俯冲可能是造成上覆华北板块强烈收缩构造发育的重要原因。此外,华南-华北NE-SW向汇聚,但俯冲板块造山后折返方向为NW-SE向,造就了现今苏鲁超高压造山带的构造格局。

北苏鲁威海地区共生伟晶岩脉-钙硅酸盐岩的形成机制和地质意义

威海位于苏鲁造山带最北端,出露片麻岩和榴辉岩等多类超高压岩石,是研究大陆俯冲带变质、深熔和熔体效应的理想靶区。基于详细野外观察,本文对该区的一套钙硅酸盐岩、伟晶岩脉和寄主片麻岩进行了岩相学、地球化学和锆石年代学等研究,旨在深入探究超高压变质岩的多期熔融及与之伴随的地质过程。阴极发光显示,三类岩石中的锆石整体具有核-边结构,继承核年龄为859±20Ma~272±6Ma,与苏鲁变质岩内大多残余岩浆锆石的年龄一致。新生锆石共记录了约237±4Ma、224±7Ma~218±2Ma和177±5Ma~166±3Ma等三组年龄。结合不同微区的稀土元素特征,本文认为,237±4Ma记录了峰期变质时代,而224±7Ma~218±2Ma和177±5Ma~166±3Ma年龄的锆石呈现典型的深熔锆石特征,分别代表俯冲陆壳折返至高压榴辉岩相和加厚地壳初始伸展阶段的部分熔融年代。伟晶岩与片麻岩中继承锆石的Hf同位素组成不同,表明形成伟晶岩的熔体并非寄主岩石直接熔融而来。此外,钙硅酸盐岩及其内部的单斜辉石具有极低的Cr、Ni等相容元素含量和负Eu异常特征,且均显示大离子亲石元素富集、高场强元素亏损的特点。并且,钙硅酸盐岩与苏鲁超高压片麻岩的Sr-Nd同位素组成接近,其内部继承/新生锆石与伟晶岩中相应锆石微区的Hf同位素组成一致。综合分析上述数据并结合前人成果,本文推测,钙硅酸盐岩为深俯冲陆壳折返阶段长英质熔体与片麻岩内部的大理岩团块发生熔岩反应所致。综上,本研究进一步约束了俯冲陆壳在折返及造山垮塌阶段两期熔融的时间及熔体来源等信息,并为大陆俯冲带深部的熔体效应和物质循环提供了参考。

苏北双湖晶质石墨矿找矿预测模型

为了使苏北地区晶质石墨矿勘查取得新突破,研究苏鲁造山带(江苏段)典型石墨矿床成矿规律及找矿模型具有重要意义。通过总结双湖石墨矿床地质、物探等综合特征,结合研究其成矿模式及关键找矿要素,总结了找矿预测模型。研究表明,双湖石墨矿体呈似层状、透镜状产于东海杂岩斜长角闪岩大理岩组一套大理岩-变粒岩-石英岩中,含矿岩性为石墨石英岩、含石墨大理岩,系多期区域变质作用形成。双湖石墨矿属区域沉积变质型晶质石墨矿,矿(化)体的产状、规模、形态均受大理岩控制,大理岩既是含矿母岩,又是赋矿围岩。石墨矿化体与低阻高极化异常基本吻合。据此建立了地质-地球物理找矿预测模型。可见,在含矿地层附近采用激电测量是快速确定找矿远景区的方法。

山东东部日青威盆地晚中生代沉积岩元素地球化学特征及沉积环境

发育在苏鲁造山带上的山东东部日青威盆地是晚中生代以来形成的规模较大的裂陷盆地,其独特的沉积特征有别于周缘其他同期陆相断陷盆地,备受沉积学界的广泛关注。为了解日青威盆地沉积期(包括莱阳期和青山期)古盐度、古气候和氧化还原条件等沉积环境特征,对盆地灵山岛、崂山、诸城桃林、海阳丁字湾和即墨周戈庄5个典型剖面沉积岩样品开展主量、微量和稀土元素地球化学分析。5个典型剖面的沉积岩SiO_(2)和Al_(2)O_(3)含量较低,平均值分别为52.13%和13.06%,而Fe_(2)O_(3)含量较高,平均值为6.14%;ΣREE平均值为199.15×10^(-6),稍高于澳大利亚后太古宙页岩(PAAS),富集轻稀土元素,相对亏损重稀土元素,具有弱铕(Eu)正异常;相对于上地壳(UCC),样品富集大离子亲石元素,亏损过渡族元素。Sr/Ba和Mg/Ca值表明,自莱阳期至青山期,沉积水体趋向于由咸水/半咸水向微咸水环境的变化;Sr/Cu值、∑(Fe+Mn+Cr+V+Ni+Co)/∑(Ca+Mg+K+Na+Sr+Ba)值和SiO_(2)-(Al_(2)O_(3)+K_(2)O+Na_(2)O)双变量图解表明,莱阳期和青山期均为干燥气候;V/(V+Ni)和Ce异常表明,莱阳期和青山期沉积水体环境以分层不明显的还原环境为主。综合以上研究表明:日青威盆地莱阳期-青山期古盐度的转变以及干燥气候和还原环境对于揭示盆地的沉积演化过程有着重要的地质意义。

中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔(100～2050m)榴辉岩岩石化学研究

中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔位于江苏东海县,即大别-苏鲁超高压变质带的东部。该钻孔100至2050m井段钻遇的岩石主要是超高压变质的榴辉岩、副片麻岩、正片麻岩、石榴石橄榄岩,以及少量的石英岩和片岩,其中榴辉岩的总厚度达1200m。这些榴辉岩具不同矿物组成和不同的全岩化学成分,据此可划分为高硅型、高铝型、高钛型、高钛铁型、高镁型和正常型榴辉岩。正常型榴辉岩SiO2=55％-43％,TiO2<2％,Al2O3<18％,MgO<11％,Na2O+K2O=1.5％-8.2％,CaO=4.2％-13.1％和FeOT=5.3％-18.1％,多呈LREE富集的REE型式;高Si榴辉岩具较高SiO2(55％-63％)和Na2O+K2O(2.9％-7.8％)含量,REE配分型式为LREE富集的正Eu异常型;高Mg榴辉岩与石榴石橄榄岩共生,特征是富MgO(12.2％-17.1％),贫Na2O和K2O,具有较低的REE含量;高Al榴辉岩的Al2O3含量大于18％,REE配分型式为LREE富集型,且多具有正Eu异常;高Ti榴辉岩具有较低的SiO2(<45％),较高的TiO2(3％-6％)含量;高Ti-Fe型榴辉岩具异常的化学成分,具有最低的SiO2含量和最高的TiO2和FeOT含量,以及很低的REE总量,并呈LREE和HREE亏损,MREE富集的配分型式。研究显示,榴辉岩的原岩是多成因的,很可能是起源于不均匀的地幔源区,而且强烈的结晶分异作用又使其成分发生明显的变化。同时。