With 10 elite soybean varieties from Huang-Huai-Hai Valleys as materials,25 hybridization combinations were compounded based on NC II,and the heterosis and combining ability for the major agronomic characters in summe...With 10 elite soybean varieties from Huang-Huai-Hai Valleys as materials,25 hybridization combinations were compounded based on NC II,and the heterosis and combining ability for the major agronomic characters in summer soybean was studied.The results showed that heterosis of agronomic traits of soybean was ubiquity,and the average heterosis of all characters showed positive advantages.The advantage of seed weight per plant,number of seeds per plant and number of pods per plant were the highest,at 35.58%,34.23%and 31.47%,respectively,and thus made a great contribution to yield heterosis.The general combining ability of Hedou 19,Handou 6,Shanning 14 and Williams 82 was relatively higher in seed weight per plant,number of seeds per plant and number of pods per plant,and they are quality parents for designing strong hybridization combinations.There were significant differences in special combining ability(SCA)among parents for the same trait in different combinations.Some showed positive effect,and others showed negative effects.We should select the best combination according to breeding objective in selecting and matching special elite combinations.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of high-yield soybean varieties.[Method] The agronomic traits of six high-yield soybean varieties and other 57 summer sowing ones were investigated from ...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of high-yield soybean varieties.[Method] The agronomic traits of six high-yield soybean varieties and other 57 summer sowing ones were investigated from 2007 to 2010.[Result] The higher-yield summer sowing soybean varieties should have higher plants （R=0.551 6＊）,more effective pods （R=0.739 7＊）,more seeds per pod （R=0.318 9）,more flowers per plant （＞130）,higher pod setting rate （＞52％）,smaller ratio of aborted pods （＜40％）,longer tap roots （more than 20 cm） and lateral roots （more than 15 cm）,shorter bottom nodes （the length of six bottom nodes should be less than 25 cm）,lower center of gravity of the plant （＜40 cm）,greater stem dry weight,higher dry matter transformation rate and continuously increasing seed weight in late seed filling stage.The ideal growth stage model for summer sowing soybean was that the durations between adjacent stages of sowing,seedling emergence,flowering,seed setting and maturity stage were 5,29-33,29-33,32-36 d,respectively.[Conclusion] This pattern could not only satisfy the ecological conditions for double cropping system,but also balance the full development of vegetative and reproductive growth,promote the yield formation of summer sowing soybean.展开更多
There are abundant soybean germplasm in China. In order to assess genetic diversity of Chinese sum- mer soybean germplasm, 158 Chinese summer soybean ac- cessions from the primary core collection of G. max were used t...There are abundant soybean germplasm in China. In order to assess genetic diversity of Chinese sum- mer soybean germplasm, 158 Chinese summer soybean ac- cessions from the primary core collection of G. max were used to analyze genetic variation at 67 SSR loci. A total of 460 alleles were detected, in which 414 and 419 alleles oc- curred in the 80 Huanghuai and the 78 Southern summer accessions, respectively. The average number of alleles per locus was 6.9 for all the summer accessions, and 6.2 for both Huanghuai and Southern summer accessions. Marker diver- sity (D) per locus ranged from 0.414 to 0.905 with an average of 0.735 for all the summer accessions, from 0.387 to 0.886 with an average of 0.708 for the Huanghuai summer acces- sions, and from 0.189 to 0.884 with an average of 0.687 for the Southern summer accessions. The Huanghuai and Southern summer germplasm were different in the specific alleles, allelic-frequencies and pairwise genetic similarities. UPGMA cluster analysis based on the similarity data clearly separated the Huanghuai from Southern summer soybean accessions, suggesting that they were different gene pools. The results indicate that Chinese Huanghuai and Southern summer soybean germplasm can be used to enlarge genetic basis for developing elite summer soybean cultivars by ex- changing their germplasm.展开更多
Genetic variation analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between 12 yield-related agronomic traits of 87 summer sowing soybean eultivars in Huang...Genetic variation analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between 12 yield-related agronomic traits of 87 summer sowing soybean eultivars in Huang-Huai-Hai region. According to the experimental results, effective branch number showed the maxi- mum variation coefficient and growth duration showed the minimum variation coefficient. The variation coefficient of bottom pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per plant, grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight of semi-determinate summer sowing soybean ranged between 18.38% -27.56. The variation coeffi- eient of plant height, bottom pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per plant and grain weight per plant of determinate summer sowing soybean ranged from 21.02% to 8.04%. In semi-determinate summer sowing soybean, yield showed extremely significantly positive correlation with grain number per pod, grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight, but extremely significantly negative correlation with effective branch number and significantly negative correlation with growth duration. In determinate summer sowing soybean, yidd showed extremely significantly positive correlation with stem diameter but significantly positive correlation with bottom pod height, while it showed no significant correlation with other agronomic traits. Principal component analysis of yield-rdated agronomic traits showed that cumulative contribution rates of the former four principal components to the variation of seml-determinate and determinate summer sowing soybean were 79.92% and 79.50%, respectively. Agronomic traits with the greatest variation should be selected first. Semi-determinate and determinate summer sowing soybean individu- als in Huang-Hnai-Hai region should be selected according to different podding habits. In addition, semi-determlnate soybean varieties with moderate plant height and growth duration, fewer effective branches, more grains per pod and greater 100-grain weight should be selected; determinate soybean varieties with thicker stem diameter, higher plant height and bottom pod height, more nodes on main stem, fewer grains per pod, more pods per plant and grains per plant should be selected.展开更多
IPCC报告指出到本世纪中期全球大气CO2浓度将比目前的浓度增加50%。CO2浓度升高将影响大豆的生长及产量。有关大气CO2浓度对大豆影响的研究大多在温室或开顶式气室中进行的,利用FACE(Free Air CO2 Enrichment)系统对大豆生长发育受CO2...IPCC报告指出到本世纪中期全球大气CO2浓度将比目前的浓度增加50%。CO2浓度升高将影响大豆的生长及产量。有关大气CO2浓度对大豆影响的研究大多在温室或开顶式气室中进行的,利用FACE(Free Air CO2 Enrichment)系统对大豆生长发育受CO2浓度升高影响的试验首次在中国进行,FACE圈中心的CO2浓度维持在(550±60)μmol·mol-1,对照浓度(389±40)μmo·lmol-1。这是继美国SoyFACE之后世界第二个利用FACE系统对大豆生长发育进行的研究,研究表明:大气CO2浓度升高提高了两个大豆品种全生育期的叶、茎、荚重及地上部分总重,收获后地上部分总干重平均提高52.30%;大豆叶面积对CO2浓度升高的响应存在品种差异,中黄35促进叶面积增加而中黄13抑制叶面积的增加。CO2浓度升高使鼓粒期大豆比叶重增加,中黄35比叶重增加23.08%到达显著水平。CO2浓度升高使大豆节数、分枝数、茎粗提高,特别是茎粗收获期中黄35增加7.18%,中黄13增加26.33%,均到达显著或极显著水平;大气CO2浓度升高使两个品种产量平均增加30.93%,产量的增加主要是由于CO2浓度升高提高了大豆单株荚数和百粒重。大气CO2浓度升高对大豆各器官占地上部分重量的比例影响不明显,对大豆收获指数的影响未达显著水平。大气CO2浓度升高对大豆的影响品种差异明显。结论与美国SoyFACE的研究结果基本一致,如FACE系统下大豆生物量、产量都较对照增高,但变化幅度较SoyFACE的结果高。展开更多
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for CARS(CARS-04)Key R&D Plan of Jining CityYouth Fund of Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
文摘With 10 elite soybean varieties from Huang-Huai-Hai Valleys as materials,25 hybridization combinations were compounded based on NC II,and the heterosis and combining ability for the major agronomic characters in summer soybean was studied.The results showed that heterosis of agronomic traits of soybean was ubiquity,and the average heterosis of all characters showed positive advantages.The advantage of seed weight per plant,number of seeds per plant and number of pods per plant were the highest,at 35.58%,34.23%and 31.47%,respectively,and thus made a great contribution to yield heterosis.The general combining ability of Hedou 19,Handou 6,Shanning 14 and Williams 82 was relatively higher in seed weight per plant,number of seeds per plant and number of pods per plant,and they are quality parents for designing strong hybridization combinations.There were significant differences in special combining ability(SCA)among parents for the same trait in different combinations.Some showed positive effect,and others showed negative effects.We should select the best combination according to breeding objective in selecting and matching special elite combinations.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of high-yield soybean varieties.[Method] The agronomic traits of six high-yield soybean varieties and other 57 summer sowing ones were investigated from 2007 to 2010.[Result] The higher-yield summer sowing soybean varieties should have higher plants （R=0.551 6＊）,more effective pods （R=0.739 7＊）,more seeds per pod （R=0.318 9）,more flowers per plant （＞130）,higher pod setting rate （＞52％）,smaller ratio of aborted pods （＜40％）,longer tap roots （more than 20 cm） and lateral roots （more than 15 cm）,shorter bottom nodes （the length of six bottom nodes should be less than 25 cm）,lower center of gravity of the plant （＜40 cm）,greater stem dry weight,higher dry matter transformation rate and continuously increasing seed weight in late seed filling stage.The ideal growth stage model for summer sowing soybean was that the durations between adjacent stages of sowing,seedling emergence,flowering,seed setting and maturity stage were 5,29-33,29-33,32-36 d,respectively.[Conclusion] This pattern could not only satisfy the ecological conditions for double cropping system,but also balance the full development of vegetative and reproductive growth,promote the yield formation of summer sowing soybean.
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grants Nos.G1998010203 and 2004CB117203).
文摘There are abundant soybean germplasm in China. In order to assess genetic diversity of Chinese sum- mer soybean germplasm, 158 Chinese summer soybean ac- cessions from the primary core collection of G. max were used to analyze genetic variation at 67 SSR loci. A total of 460 alleles were detected, in which 414 and 419 alleles oc- curred in the 80 Huanghuai and the 78 Southern summer accessions, respectively. The average number of alleles per locus was 6.9 for all the summer accessions, and 6.2 for both Huanghuai and Southern summer accessions. Marker diver- sity (D) per locus ranged from 0.414 to 0.905 with an average of 0.735 for all the summer accessions, from 0.387 to 0.886 with an average of 0.708 for the Huanghuai summer acces- sions, and from 0.189 to 0.884 with an average of 0.687 for the Southern summer accessions. The Huanghuai and Southern summer germplasm were different in the specific alleles, allelic-frequencies and pairwise genetic similarities. UPGMA cluster analysis based on the similarity data clearly separated the Huanghuai from Southern summer soybean accessions, suggesting that they were different gene pools. The results indicate that Chinese Huanghuai and Southern summer soybean germplasm can be used to enlarge genetic basis for developing elite summer soybean cultivars by ex- changing their germplasm.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(nyhyzx07-004-06)National Science and Technology Support Program of China(2006BAD521B01-3)
文摘Genetic variation analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between 12 yield-related agronomic traits of 87 summer sowing soybean eultivars in Huang-Huai-Hai region. According to the experimental results, effective branch number showed the maxi- mum variation coefficient and growth duration showed the minimum variation coefficient. The variation coefficient of bottom pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per plant, grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight of semi-determinate summer sowing soybean ranged between 18.38% -27.56. The variation coeffi- eient of plant height, bottom pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per plant and grain weight per plant of determinate summer sowing soybean ranged from 21.02% to 8.04%. In semi-determinate summer sowing soybean, yield showed extremely significantly positive correlation with grain number per pod, grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight, but extremely significantly negative correlation with effective branch number and significantly negative correlation with growth duration. In determinate summer sowing soybean, yidd showed extremely significantly positive correlation with stem diameter but significantly positive correlation with bottom pod height, while it showed no significant correlation with other agronomic traits. Principal component analysis of yield-rdated agronomic traits showed that cumulative contribution rates of the former four principal components to the variation of seml-determinate and determinate summer sowing soybean were 79.92% and 79.50%, respectively. Agronomic traits with the greatest variation should be selected first. Semi-determinate and determinate summer sowing soybean individu- als in Huang-Hnai-Hai region should be selected according to different podding habits. In addition, semi-determlnate soybean varieties with moderate plant height and growth duration, fewer effective branches, more grains per pod and greater 100-grain weight should be selected; determinate soybean varieties with thicker stem diameter, higher plant height and bottom pod height, more nodes on main stem, fewer grains per pod, more pods per plant and grains per plant should be selected.
文摘IPCC报告指出到本世纪中期全球大气CO2浓度将比目前的浓度增加50%。CO2浓度升高将影响大豆的生长及产量。有关大气CO2浓度对大豆影响的研究大多在温室或开顶式气室中进行的,利用FACE(Free Air CO2 Enrichment)系统对大豆生长发育受CO2浓度升高影响的试验首次在中国进行,FACE圈中心的CO2浓度维持在(550±60)μmol·mol-1,对照浓度(389±40)μmo·lmol-1。这是继美国SoyFACE之后世界第二个利用FACE系统对大豆生长发育进行的研究,研究表明:大气CO2浓度升高提高了两个大豆品种全生育期的叶、茎、荚重及地上部分总重,收获后地上部分总干重平均提高52.30%;大豆叶面积对CO2浓度升高的响应存在品种差异,中黄35促进叶面积增加而中黄13抑制叶面积的增加。CO2浓度升高使鼓粒期大豆比叶重增加,中黄35比叶重增加23.08%到达显著水平。CO2浓度升高使大豆节数、分枝数、茎粗提高,特别是茎粗收获期中黄35增加7.18%,中黄13增加26.33%,均到达显著或极显著水平;大气CO2浓度升高使两个品种产量平均增加30.93%,产量的增加主要是由于CO2浓度升高提高了大豆单株荚数和百粒重。大气CO2浓度升高对大豆各器官占地上部分重量的比例影响不明显,对大豆收获指数的影响未达显著水平。大气CO2浓度升高对大豆的影响品种差异明显。结论与美国SoyFACE的研究结果基本一致,如FACE系统下大豆生物量、产量都较对照增高,但变化幅度较SoyFACE的结果高。
