Solving the Olbers’s Paradox, Explaining the “Red-Shift”, and Challenging the Relativities by “Sun Matters Theory” and “Sun Model of Universe”, an Evolution of the Einstein’s Static Universe Model

Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used to partially explain this paradox, while introducing new problems. Hereby, we propose a better theory, named Sun Matters Theory, to explain this paradox. Moreover, this unique theory supports and extended the Einstein’s static universe model proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917. Further, we proposed our new universe model, “Sun Model of Universe”. Based on the new model and novel theory, we generated innovative field equation by upgrading Einstein’s Field Equation through adding back the cosmological constant, introducing a new variable and modifying the gravitationally-related concepts. According to the Sun Model of Universe, the dark matter and dark energy comprise the so-called “Sun Matters”. The observed phenomenon like the red shift is explained as due to the interaction of ordinary light with Sun Matters leading to its energy and frequency decrease. In Sun Model, our big universe consists of many universes with ordinary matter at the core mixed and surrounded with the Sun Matters. In those universes, the laws of physics may be completely or partially different from that of our ordinary universe with parallel civilizations. The darkness of night can be easily explained as resulting from the interaction of light with the Sun Matters leading to the sharp decrease in the light intensity. Sun Matters also scatter the light from a star, which makes it shining as observed by Hubble. Further, there is a kind of Sun Matters named “Sun Waters”, surrounding every starts. When lights pass by the sun, the Sun Waters deflect the lights to bend the light path. According to the Sun Model, it is the light bent not the space bent that was proposed in the theory of relativities.

Introduction of PIC/S Accession Procedure and Suggestions for Establishing a Unified Quality Management System in China

Objective To introduce the accession procedure and evaluation of PIC/S,and help relevant departments in China to understand the requirements of PIC/S in detail,and to promote the process of China’s entry into PIC/S.Methods The procedures and steps of joining PIC/S,the evaluation process of PIC/S,and the experience of several countries in joining PIC/S were introduced and analyzed,which could help the relevant personnel in China understand the specific contents.Results and Conclusion According to the requirements of PIC/S,it is necessary to establish a unified GMP quality management system.

Analysis of Risk Factors of Postoperative Neurological Complications in Patients with Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection Undergoing Sun’s Procedure

Objective:This study analyzed the risk factors of neurological complications in patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection after Sun’s procedure in a single-center with the purpose of improving the effects.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2020,the clinical data of 480 patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection,who were treated by Sun’s procedure in our center were retrospectively analyzed.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors of postoperative neurological complications.According to whether there were neurological complications after surgery,they were divided into two groups:the group with complications(n=70)and the group without complications(n=410).The clinical data of the two groups were collected and compared.Results:There were 70 cases of patients with postoperative neurological complications in 480 cases.The incidence rates of temporary neurological dysfunction(TND)and permanent neurological dysfunction(PND)was 11.5%(55/480)and 3.1%(15/480),respectively.Univariate analysis showed that the age(≥70 years),stroke history,femoral artery intubation and cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)time were associated with postoperative PND(p<0.05).Renal dysfunction,emergency surgery,postoperative hypernatremia,postoperative hyperglycemia,postoperative hypoxemia,postoperative low cardiac output syndrome,and assisted time of suction influenced the occurrence of postoperative TND(p<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age(≥70 years),stroke history,femoral artery intubation and CPB time were independent risk factors for PND.Renal dysfunction,emergency surgery,postoperative hypernatremia,postoperative hyperglycemia,postoperative hypoxemia,postoperative low cardiac output syndrome,and aspiration time were independent risk factors for TND.Compared with the two groups,the hospitalization time and ICU time of the patients in the neurological complications group were significantly prolonged,and the mortality rate was significantly increased(p<0.05).Conclusion:There are many risk factors for neurological complications in patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection after surgery.With the improvement of surgical techniques,optimization of cerebral perfusion,and interventions for risk factors,Sun’s procedure remains the preferred treatment for Stanford type A aortic dissection.

基于S-Procedure的分段线性Delta算子系统的稳定性分析

本文研究了一类由Delta算子描述的分段线性系统的二次稳定性问题。基于Delta域的Lyapunov稳定性理论,利用S-procedure构造了分段Lyapunov函数,而且将分段线性Delta算子系统的二次稳定性判定问题转化为一组线性矩阵不等式的求解问题。

Single center experience in selecting the laparoscopic Frey procedure for chronic pancreatitis

AIM: To share our experience regarding the laparoscopic Frey procedure for chronic pancreatitis(CP) and patient selection.METHODS: All consecutive patients undergoingduodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection from July 2013 to July 2014 were reviewed and those undergoing the Frey procedure for CP were included in this study. Data on age, gender, body mass index(BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists score, imaging findings, inflammatory index(white blood cells, interleukin(IL)-6, and C-reaction protein), visual analogue score score during hospitalization and outpatient visit, history of CP, operative time, estimated blood loss, and postoperative data(postoperative mortality and morbidity, postoperative length of hospital stay) were obtained for patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. The open surgery cases in this study were analyzed for risk factors related to extensive bleeding, which was the major reason for conversion during the laparoscopic procedure. Age, gender, etiology, imaging findings, amylase level, complications due to pancreatitis, functional insufficiency, and history of CP were assessed in these patients.RESULTS: Nine laparoscopic and 37 open Frey procedures were analyzed. Of the 46 patients, 39 were male(85%) and seven were female(16%). The etiology of CP was alcohol in 32 patients(70%) and idiopathic in 14 patients(30%). Stones were found in 38 patients(83%). An inflammatory mass was found in five patients(11%). The time from diagnosis of CP to the Frey procedure was 39 ± 19(9-85) mo. The BMI of patients in the laparoscopic group was 20.4 ± 1.7(17.8-22.4) kg/m2 and was 20.6 ± 2.9(15.4-27.7) kg/m2 in the opengroup. Allpatientsrequired analgesic medication for abdominal pain. Frequent acute pancreatitis or severe abdominal pain due to acute exacerbation occurred in 20 patients(43%). Pre-operative complications due to pancreatitis were observed in 18 patients(39%). Pancreatic functional insufficiency was observed in 14 patients(30%). Two laparoscopic patients(2/9) were converted. In seven successful laparoscopic cases, the mean operative time was 323 ± 29(290-370) min. Estimated intra-operativeblood loss was 57 ± 14(40-80) m L. One patient had a postoperative complication, and no mortality was observed. Postoperative hospital stay was 7 ± 2(5-11) d. Multiple linear regression analysis of 37 open Frey procedures showed that an inflammatory mass(P < 0.001) and acute exacerbation(P < 0.001) were risk factors for intra-operative blood loss. CONCLUSION: The laparoscopic Frey procedure for CP is feasible but only suitable in carefully selected patients.

What operation for recurrent rectal prolapse after previous Delorme's procedure? A practical reality

AIM: To report our experience with perineal repair(Delorme's procedure) of rectal prolapse with particular focus on treatment of the recurrence.METHODS: Clinical records of 40 patients who underwent Delorme's procedure between 2003 and 2014 were reviewed to obtain the following data: Gender; duration of symptoms, length of prolapse, operation time, ASA grade, length of post-operative stay, procedure-related complications, development and treatment of recurrent prolapse. Analysis of post-operative complications, rate and time of recurrence and factors influencing the choice of the procedure for recurrent disease was conducted. Continuous variables were expressed as the median with interquartile range(IQR). Statistical analysis was carried out using the Fisher exact test.RESULTS: Median age at the time of surgery was 76 years(IQR: 71-81.5) and there were 38 females and 2 males. The median duration of symptoms was 6 mo(IQR: 3.5-12) and majority of patients presented electively whereas four patients presented in the emergency department with irreducible rectal prolapse. The median length of prolapse was 5 cm(IQR: 5-7), median operative time was 100 min(IQR: 85-120) and median post-operative stay was 4 d(IQR: 3-6). Approximately16% of the patients suffered minor complications such as- urinary retention, delayed defaecation and infected haematoma. One patient died constituting postoperative mortality of 2.5%. Median follow-up was 6.5 mo(IQR: 2.15-16). Overall recurrence rate was 28%(n = 12). Recurrence rate for patients undergoing an urgent Delorme's procedure who presented as an emergency was higher(75.0%) compared to those treated electively(20.5%), P value 0.034. Median time interval from surgery to the development of recurrence was 16 mo(IQR: 5-30). There were three patients who developed an early recurrence, within two weeks of the initial procedure. The management of the recurrent prolapse was as follows: No further intervention(n = 1), repeat Delorme's procedure(n = 3), Altemeier's procedure(n = 5) and rectopexy with faecal diversion(n = 3). One patient was lost during follow up.CONCLUSION: Delorme's procedure is a suitable treatment for rectal prolapse due to low morbidity and mortality and acceptable rate of recurrence. The management of the recurrent rectal prolapse is often restricted to the pelvic approach by the same patientrelated factors that influenced the choice of the initial operation, i.e., Delorme's procedure. Early recurrence developing within days or weeks often represents a technical failure and may require abdominal rectopexy with faecal diversion.

Primary colon resection or Hartmann's procedure in malignant left-sided large bowel obstruction? The use of stents as a bridge to surgery

There is still significant debate regarding the best surgical treatment for malignant left-sided large bowel obstruction.Primary resection and anastomosis offers the advantages of a definite procedure without need for further surgery.Its main disadvantages are related to the increased technical challenge and to the potential higher risk of anastomotic leakage that occurs in the emergency setting.Primary resection with end colostomy(Hartmann's procedure) is considered the safer option.Tan et al compared in a systematic review and meta-analysis the use of self-expanding metallic stents(SEMS) as a bridge to surgery vs emergency surgery in the management of acute malignant left-sided large bowel obstruction.The authors concluded that the technical and clinical success rates for stenting were lower than expected.SEMS was associated with a high incidence of clinical and silent perforation.Stenting instead of loop colostomy can be recommended only if the appropriate expertise is available in the hospital.The goal of stenting,a decrease of the stoma rate,may be advocated only if the complication rates of stenting are lower than those of stoma creation in the emergency situation.Until now,this was not demonstrated in a prospective randomized trial.

Khubchandani's procedure combined with stapled posterior rectal wall resection for rectocele

BACKGROUND Obstructed defecation syndrome(ODS) is a widespread disease in the world.Rectocele is the most common cause of ODS in females. Multiple procedures have been performed to treat rectocele and no procedure has been accepted as the gold-standard procedure. Stapled transanal rectal resection(STARR) has been widely used. However, there are still some disadvantages in this procedure and its effectiveness in anterior wall repair is doubtful. Therefore, new procedures are expected to further improve the treatment of rectocele.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel rectocele repair combining Khubchandani's procedure with stapled posterior rectal wall resection.METHODS A cohort of 93 patients were recruited in our randomized clinical trial and were divided into two different groups in a randomized manner. Forty-two patients(group A) underwent Khubchandani's procedure with stapled posterior rectal wall resection and 51 patients(group B) underwent the STARR procedure.Follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo after the operation. Preoperative and postoperative ODS scores and depth of rectocele, postoperative complications, blood loss, and hospital stay of each patient were documented. All data were analyzed statistically to evaluate the efficiency and safety of our procedure.RESULTS In group A, 42 patients underwent Khubchandani's procedure with stapled posterior rectal wall resection and 34 were followed until the final analysis. In group B, 51 patients underwent the STARR procedure and 37 were followed until the final analysis. Mean operative duration was 41.47 ± 6.43 min(group A) vs39.24 ± 6.53 min(group B). Mean hospital stay was 3.15 ± 0.70 d(group A) vs 3.14± 0.54 d(group B). Mean blood loss was 10.91 ± 2.52 mL(group A) vs 10.14 ± 1.86 m L(group B). Mean ODS score in group A declined from 16.50 ± 2.06 before operation to 5.06 ± 1.07 one year after the operation, whereas in group B it was17.11 ± 2.57 before operation and 6.03 ± 2.63 one year after the operation. Mean depth of rectocele decreased from 4.32 ± 0.96 cm(group A) vs 4.18 ± 0.95 cm(group B) preoperatively to 1.19 ± 0.43 cm(group A) vs 1.54 ± 0.82 cm(group B)one year after operation. No other serious complications, such as rectovaginal fistula, perianal sepsis, or deaths, were recorded. After 12 mo of follow-up, 30 patients'(30/34, 88.2%) final outcomes were judged as effective and 4(4/34,11.8%) as moderate in group A, whereas in group B, 30(30/37, 81.1%) patients' outcomes were judged as effective, 5(5/37, 13.5%) as moderate, and 2(2/37,5.4%) as poor.CONCLUSION Khubchandani's procedure combined with stapled posterior rectal wall resection is an effective, feasible, and safe procedure with minor trauma to rectocele.

Endoscopic treatment of biliopancreatic pathology in patients with Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical variants: Lessons learned from single-balloon enteroscopy-assisted ERCP

Background: Endoscopic treatment of biliopancreatic pathology is challenging due to surgically altered anatomy after Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of single-balloon enteroscopy-assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(SBE-ERCP) to treat biliopancreatic pathology in patients with Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical variants. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 106 SBE-ERCP procedures in 46 patients with Whipple's variants. Technical and clinical success rates and adverse events were evaluated. Results: Biliary SBE-ERCP was performed in 34 patients and pancreatic SBE-ERCP in 17, including 5 with both indications. From a total of 106 SBE-ERCP procedures, 76 were biliary indication with technical success rate of 68/76(90%) procedures and clinical success rate of 30/34(88%) patients. Mild adverse event rate was 8/76(11%), without serious adverse events. From a total of 106 SBE-ERCP procedures, 30 were pancreatic indication with technical success rate of 24/30(80%) procedures( P = 0.194 vs. biliary SBEERCP) and clinical success rate of 11/17(65%) patients( P = 0.016 vs. biliary SBE-ERCP). Mild adverse event rate was 6/30(20%)( P = 0.194 vs. biliary SBE-ERCP), without serious adverse events. After SBE-ERCP failure, endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage, percutaneous drainage and redo surgery were alternative therapeutic options. Conclusions: Biliopancreatic pathology after Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy variants can be treated using SBE-ERCP without serious adverse events. Technical and clinical success rates are high for biliary indications, whereas clinical success rate of pancreatic indications is significantly lower. SBE-ERCP can be considered as first-line treatment option in this patient group with surgically altered anatomy.

Correction method for moderate and severe degrees of hallux valgus associated with transfer metatarsalgia

BACKGROUND Hallux valgus(HV)is a common foot deformity that manifests with increasing age,especially in women.The associated foot pain causes impaired gait and decreases quality of life.Moderate and severe HV is a deformity that is charac-terized by the involvement of lesser rays and requires complex surgical treatment.In this study,we attempted to develop a procedure for this condition.AIM To analyse the treatment results of patients who underwent simultaneous surgical correction of all parts of a static forefoot deformity.METHODS We conducted a prospective clinical trial between 2016 and 2021 in which 30 feet with moderate or severe HV associated with Tailor’s bunion and metatarsalgia were surgically treated via a new method involving surgical correction of all associated problems.This method included a modified Lapidus procedure,M2M3 tarsometatarsal arthrodesis,intermetatarsal fusion of the M4 and M5 bases,and the use of an original external fixation apparatus to enhance correction power.Preoperative,postoperative,and final follow-up radiographic data and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)scores were compared,and P values<0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.RESULTS The study included 28 females(93.3%)and 2 males feet(6.7%),20(66.7%)of whom had a moderate degree of HV and 10(33.3%)of whom had severe deformity.M2 and M3 metatarsalgia was observed in 21 feet,and 9 feet experienced pain only at M2.The mean follow-up duration was 11 months.All patients had good correction of the HV angle[preoperative median,36.5 degrees,interquartile range(IQR):30-45;postoperative median,10 degrees,IQR:8.8-10;follow-up median,11.5 degrees,IQR:10-14;P<0.01].At follow-up,metatarsalgia was resolved in most patients(30 vs 5).There was a clinically negligible decrease in the corrected angles at the final follow-up,and the overall AOFAS score was significantly better(median,65 points,IQR:53.8-70;vs 80 points,IQR:75-85;P<0.01).CONCLUSION The developed method showed good sustainability of correction power in a small sample of patients at the one-year follow-up.Randomized clinical trials with larger samples,as well as long-term outcome assessments,are needed in the future.

Strangulated ileal trans-coloanal-anastomotic hernia:A complication of Altemeier's procedure previously never reported

A postoperative complication after Altemeier operation, so far never reported,is described in a 42 years old mentally disabled patient with external full thickness rectal prolapse who usually had prolonged straining at defecation.After 6 d from perineal rectosigmoidectomy, the patient,was discharged free of complications.Four days later he was readmitted in emergency for stran-gulated perineal trans-anastomotic ileal hernia that occurred at home during efforts to defecate.The clinical feature required an emergency operation for repositioning the ileal loops into the abdomen,resection of the necrotic ileum,and end colostomy.The outcome of the second operation was free of complication and the patient was discharged on the 6th postoperative day.In conclusion,after Altemeier operation prolonged straining at defecation should be carefully

Single institution experience with the Ladd's procedure in patients with heterotaxy and stage Ⅰ palliated single-ventricle

AIM:To investigate and describe our current institutional management protocol for single-ventricle patients who must undergo a Ladd's procedure.METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients from January 2005 to March 2014 who were diagnosed with heterotaxy syndrome and an associated intestinal rotation anomaly who carried a cardiac diagnosis of functional single ventricle and were status post stage I palliation.A total of 8 patients with a history of stage I single-ventricle palliation underwent Ladd's procedure during this time period.We reviewed each patients chart to determine if significant intraoperative or post-operative morbidity or mortality occurred.We also described our protocolized management of these patients in the cardiac intensive care unit,which included pre-operative labs,echocardiography,milrinone infusion,as well as protocolized fluid administration and anticoagulation regimines.We also reviewed the literature to determine the reported morbidity and mortality associated with the Ladd's procedure in this particular cardiac physiology and if other institutions have reported protocolized care of these patients.RESULTS:A total of 8 patients were identified to have heterotaxy with an intestinal rotation anomaly and single-ventricle heart disease that was status post single ventricle palliation.Six of these patients were palliated with a Blaylock-Taussig shunt,one of whom underwent a Norwood procedure.The two other patients were palliated with a stent,which was placed in the ductus arteriosus.These eight patients all underwent elective Ladd's procedure at the time of gastrostomy tube placement.Per our protocol,all patients remained on aspirin prior to surgery and had no period where they were without anticoagulation.All patients remained on milrinone during and after the procedure and received fluid administration upon arrival to the cardiac intensive care unit to account for losses.All 8 patients experienced no intraoperative or post-operative complications.All patients survived to discharge.One patient presented to the emergency room two months after discharge in cardiac arrest and died due to bowel obstruction and perforation.CONCLUSION:Protocolized intensive care management may have contributed to favorable outcomes following Ladd's procedure at our institution.

基于SunONE平台的医院进修生信息管理系统

信息技术的发展，促进了医院信息管理系统的发展。为了提高医院的相关业务的办事效率，设计了基于SunONE的进修生管理系统，在分析SunONE的结构特点的基础上，全面阐述了系统的安全性。

基于SunONE平台的医院进修生信息管理系统

采用基于J2EE的Sun ONE架构开发进修生信息管理系统,具有可集成性和便于操作的优点。应用该系统可对进修申请、收费确认、学员在院、离院等进行规范化管理,不仅提高了科学管理水平,而且优化了管理工作流程。使用本系统以来,对进修生管理手段更加科学化,增加了各个部门之间的协调力度,提高了办事效率。

S-引理及其进展

S-引理是运筹学领域和控制论领域中一个十分重要的定理。本文首先从一个非线性控制系统的全局渐近稳定性分析出发,引出S-过程和S-引理,以及两者之间的联系与区别。接着我们介绍了S-引理的基本内容和最新进展,以及它在复数域和四元数集合上的推广。最后,我们介绍了将齐次型S-引理推广到任意多个对称(或厄米特)矩阵时的一些基本结果。

SUN工作站中远程过程调用的实现

根据ＯＳＩ体系结构，分析了远程过程调用的工作原理及实现机制．给出了远程过程调用的程序设计方法．

Procedural learning changes in patients with Wilson's disease

In the present study, we compared explicit memory performance, using the Wechsler Memory Scale and implicit memory performance, using the Nissen software version of the serial reaction time task, in patients with Wilson＇s disease to normal controls. The Wilson＇s disease patients exhibited deficits in explicit memory tasks, such as figure recall and understanding memory. Moreover, the Wilson＇s disease patients exhibited deficits in implicit memory tasks, including significantly prolonged response times. These findings indicate that Wilson＇s disease patients have explicit and implicit partial memory impairments.

The Chinese-English Translation of Sun Tzu’s Art of War from the Perspective of Bourdieusian Sociology

The paper introduces the three core concepts of Bourdieu’s sociological theory and their application in translation studies.The paper then examines and discusses the English translation of The Art of War from Bourdieu’s sociological perspective and the perspective of ephemerality.A comprehensive and objective description of the different translations of the same original text in different historical periods,the strategies of the translators,and the social,historical and cultural factors affecting the translation process can lead to a deeper understanding and proper orientation of translation.

A Study of Sun Menglei’s Fictions in the Perspective of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,this paper discusses the concern and description of human physiological needs,love and belonging needs,esteem and self-actualization needs in Sun Menglei’s fictions,then it explains Sun Menglei’s deep-seated concern and exploration of human’s spiritual world and emotional world.

SUN4/280S工作站数模系统建立与应用

随着勘探开发形势的发展,1989年下半年,已发现和证实的油田及准备开发、待开发油田。这些油田要完成油藏评价;油田开发方案研制;油田生产措施效果和动态预测、提高采收率方法等工作,都要进行大量的数学模拟研究,与此相适应,需要建立一个较先进的配套的数模研究系统。经过一年多的努力,到1990年末已经建立了SUN4/280S工作站数模系统。该数模系统包括一个储存容量大、计算速度快。