Solution-processed colloidal quantum dot solar cells(CQDSCs) is a promising candidate for new generation solar cells.To obtain stable and high performance lead sulfide(PbS)-based CQDSCs,high carrier mobility and low n...Solution-processed colloidal quantum dot solar cells(CQDSCs) is a promising candidate for new generation solar cells.To obtain stable and high performance lead sulfide(PbS)-based CQDSCs,high carrier mobility and low non-radiative recombination center density in the PbS CQDs active layer are required.In order to effectively improve the carrier mobility in PbS CQDs layer of CQDSCs,butylamine(BTA)-modified graphene oxide(BTA@GO) is first utilized in PbS-PbX2(X=I-,Br-) CQDs ink to deposit the active layer of CQDSCs through one-step spin-coating method.Such surface treatment of GO dramatically upholds the intrinsic superior hole transfer peculiarity of GO and attenuates the hydrophilicity of GO in order to allow for its good dispersibility in ink solvent.The introduction of B TA@GO in CQDs layer can build up a bulk nano-heterojunction architecture,which provides a smooth charge carrier transport channel in turn improves the carrier mobility and conductivity,extends the carriers lifetime and reduces the trap density of PbS-PbX2 CQDs film.Finally,the BTA@GO/PbS-PbX2 hybrid CQDs film-based relatively large-area(0.35 cm2) CQDSCs shows a champion power conversion efficiency of 11.7% which is increased by 23.1% compared with the control device.展开更多
Poly(urea-formaldehyde)(UF) microcapsules with epoxy resin E-51 as core material used as self-healing materials were prepared by interfacial polymerization method. The surface of UF microcapsules was modifi ed by ...Poly(urea-formaldehyde)(UF) microcapsules with epoxy resin E-51 as core material used as self-healing materials were prepared by interfacial polymerization method. The surface of UF microcapsules was modifi ed by γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane(KH-560). The interfacial interactions between UF microcapsules and KH-560 were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometric analysis(XPS) of microcapsules. The surface topography of microcapsules was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The thermal stability and mechanical properties were evaluated. FTIR and XPS results showed that there were physical and chemical combinations between the silicon coupling agent and the microcapsules surface. The thermal stability and mechanical property analysis showed that the addition of KH-560 could greatly improve the thermal stability, tensile property and elastic property. SEM results indicated that the addition of KH-560 could improve the bonding between the surface of microcapsules and resin matrix and improve the ability of self-healing.展开更多
The properties of nanoscale gas bubbles at the solid/water interface have been investigated for more than 20 years. However, the stability of nanobubbles remains far from being understood. How to control the formation...The properties of nanoscale gas bubbles at the solid/water interface have been investigated for more than 20 years. However, the stability of nanobubbles remains far from being understood. How to control the formation of nanobubbles is the key issue for understanding their long lifetime. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulations we modify the substrate (graphene) with charge dipoles in which the local properties of the surface could be changed. Nanobubbles could be stabilized on the local hydrophobic area and modified area with the hydrophilic boundary where gas nuclei are deposited beforehand. Those results provide two methods to control the nucleation of gas nanobubbles and fix them on a target area.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether hydroxyapatite(HAp)coating can improve keratoprosthesis(KPro)implant biointegration,ultimately to decrease the risk of implantassociated complications.METHODS:The modified titanium imp...AIM:To investigate whether hydroxyapatite(HAp)coating can improve keratoprosthesis(KPro)implant biointegration,ultimately to decrease the risk of implantassociated complications.METHODS:The modified titanium implant was designed and prepared for artificial cornea.The titanium implant was treated with sandblasting and hydroxyapatite coating by acid-base two-step method.Surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),KPro implants coated with HAp and KPro implant sandblasted were implanted in rabbits.Tissue adhesion to the implant was assessed and compared to an unmodified implant by histopathology(HE),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and SEM.RESULTS:SEM demonstrated successful deposition of HAp on titanium implant sandblasted(HA/SB-Ti).The hydroxyapatite coatings caused enhancement of keratocyte proliferation compared with unmodified implant surfaces.HAp coating significantly increased adhesion forces.HAp coating of implants reduced the inflammatory response around the KPro implants in vivo.CONCLUSION:HAp-coated surfaces for use in titanium KPro implant greatly enhanced adherence of the titanium KPro implant in the rabbit cornea.展开更多
In this study, novel core-shell SiO<sub>2</sub>-coated iron nanoparticles (SiO<sub>2</sub>-nZVI) were synthesized using a one-step Stoeber method. The Malachite green degradation abilities of t...In this study, novel core-shell SiO<sub>2</sub>-coated iron nanoparticles (SiO<sub>2</sub>-nZVI) were synthesized using a one-step Stoeber method. The Malachite green degradation abilities of the nanoparticles were investigated. The effects of ethanol/distilled water volume ratio, presence and absence of PEG, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) dosage, and hydrolysis time used in the nanoparticles preparation process were investigated. The results indicated that the SiO<sub>2</sub>-coated iron nanoparticles had the highest reduction activity when the particles synthesized with ethanol/H<sub>2</sub>O ratio of 2:1, PEG of 0.15 ml, TEOS of 0.5 ml and the reaction time was 4 h. The SiO<sub>2</sub>-nZVI nanoparticles were characterized using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) and powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the average particles diameter of the SiO<sub>2</sub>-nZVI was 20 - 30 nm. The thickness of the outside SiO<sub>2</sub> film is consistent and approximately 10 nm. The results indicated that the nanoparticles coated completely with a transparent SiO<sub>2</sub>-film. Such nanoparticles could have wide applications in dye decolorization.展开更多
Alkaline hydrazine liquid fuel cells(AHFC) have been highlighted in terms of high power performance with non-precious metal catalysts.Although Fe-N-C is a promising non-Pt electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction...Alkaline hydrazine liquid fuel cells(AHFC) have been highlighted in terms of high power performance with non-precious metal catalysts.Although Fe-N-C is a promising non-Pt electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),the surface density of the active site is very low and the catalyst layer should be thick to acquire the necessary number of catalytic active sites.With this thick catalyst layer,it is important to have an optimum pore structure for effective reactant conveyance to active sites and an interface structure for faster charge transfer.Herein,we prepare a Fe-N-C catalyst with magnetite particles and hierarchical pore structure by steam activation.The steam activation process significantly improves the power performance of the AHFC as indicated by the lower IR and activation voltage losses.Based on a systematic characterization,we found that hierarchical pore structures improve the catalyst utilization efficiency of the AHFCs,and magnetite nanoparticles act as surface modifiers to reduce the interracial resistance between the electrode and the ion-exchange membrane.展开更多
By the reaction of poly(acryloyl chloride) with N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole, poly(N-(3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)acrylamide) was synthesized. The new polymer contains an imidazole ring removed from the main chain by a s...By the reaction of poly(acryloyl chloride) with N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole, poly(N-(3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)acrylamide) was synthesized. The new polymer contains an imidazole ring removed from the main chain by a spacer of five bonds. The structure and purity, molecular weight, hydrodynamic and thermosensitive properties of the obtained sample were studied by1H-and13C-NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, acid-base titration, light scattering, turbidimetry and viscometry. The observed ability of the imidazole-containing polymer to form and destroy associates in water-salt solutions at pH 6.6-7.4 and temperatures of 29-48℃ indicates that these are promising candidates for designing complex biomedical systems. The new polymer is able to form complexes with oligo-DNA more actively than poly(1-vinylimidazole), which is of interest for gene delivery applications. The polymer cross-linked with epichlorohydrin gives micro-relief coatings on the plastic surface, and the modified surface is able to attach negatively charged objects. This thermo-and pH-sensitive polymer modification can be applied to create finely controlled surfaces for cell culturing.展开更多
A new macromolecular surface modifier, a copolymer of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl methacrylate (PEGMA), was synthesized through free radical polymerization. The copolymer was chara...A new macromolecular surface modifier, a copolymer of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl methacrylate (PEGMA), was synthesized through free radical polymerization. The copolymer was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (lH-NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The copolymer was used to blend with polyethylene. The binary blends have been characterized by attenuated total reflection/Fourier transform infrared (ATR- FTIR), contact-angle measurements (CDA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that poly(ethylene glycol) methyl methacrylate-co-lauryl methacrylate (PEGMA-co-LMA) could diffuse preferably onto the surface of the polyethylene (PE) film, and thus can be used as an efficient surface modifier for PE.展开更多
Magnesium(Mg)alloys for metal electroplating require a surface pretreatment,i.e.,the removal of the spontaneously oxidized surface layer(MgO,Mg(OH)_(2),andMgCO_(3)).However,the use of highly toxic and/or corrosive aci...Magnesium(Mg)alloys for metal electroplating require a surface pretreatment,i.e.,the removal of the spontaneously oxidized surface layer(MgO,Mg(OH)_(2),andMgCO_(3)).However,the use of highly toxic and/or corrosive acids in conventional pretreatment processes has become an issue.In this study,a facile and less toxic pretreatment is demonstrated and applied in aluminum(Al)electroplating.The immersion of the AZ31 Mg alloy into acetic anhydride(Ac_(2)O)removed the spontaneously oxidized surface layer and formed a thin but stable magnesium acetate(Mg(OAc)_(2))layer that protects the metal substrate from further oxidation.The Al electroplating bath is a concentrated diglyme(G2)-AlCl_(3)organic solution that can readily dissolve Mg(OAc)_(2)to enable direct plating onto a metal substrate.The as-deposited Al layer has a compact and crack-free morphology that improves the corrosion resistance and hardness(2.7 GPa).Owing to the lack of an interfacial oxidized layer,heat treatment led to the successful diff usion of Mg and Al atoms,which increased the hardness to 4.4 GPa.The Ac_(2)O pretreatment of Mg alloys enables the successful Al electroplating and subsequent heat treatment.展开更多
We consider the point vortex model associated to the modified Surface Quasi-Geostrophic(mSQG) equations on the two dimensional torus. It is known that this model is well posed for almost every initial conditions. We s...We consider the point vortex model associated to the modified Surface Quasi-Geostrophic(mSQG) equations on the two dimensional torus. It is known that this model is well posed for almost every initial conditions. We show that, when the system is perturbed by a certain space-dependent noise, it admits a unique global solution for any initial configuration. We also present an explicit example for the deterministic system on the plane where three different point vortices collapse.展开更多
基金supported by the Japan Science and Technology Agency(JST)CREST programBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture(Grant UDC2018031121)+3 种基金the MEXT KAKENHI(Grant 17H02736)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2019JQ-423)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GK201903053)Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.PECL2019KF019)for financial support.
文摘Solution-processed colloidal quantum dot solar cells(CQDSCs) is a promising candidate for new generation solar cells.To obtain stable and high performance lead sulfide(PbS)-based CQDSCs,high carrier mobility and low non-radiative recombination center density in the PbS CQDs active layer are required.In order to effectively improve the carrier mobility in PbS CQDs layer of CQDSCs,butylamine(BTA)-modified graphene oxide(BTA@GO) is first utilized in PbS-PbX2(X=I-,Br-) CQDs ink to deposit the active layer of CQDSCs through one-step spin-coating method.Such surface treatment of GO dramatically upholds the intrinsic superior hole transfer peculiarity of GO and attenuates the hydrophilicity of GO in order to allow for its good dispersibility in ink solvent.The introduction of B TA@GO in CQDs layer can build up a bulk nano-heterojunction architecture,which provides a smooth charge carrier transport channel in turn improves the carrier mobility and conductivity,extends the carriers lifetime and reduces the trap density of PbS-PbX2 CQDs film.Finally,the BTA@GO/PbS-PbX2 hybrid CQDs film-based relatively large-area(0.35 cm2) CQDSCs shows a champion power conversion efficiency of 11.7% which is increased by 23.1% compared with the control device.
基金Funded by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(2013B010404045)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21106022)the Educational Commission of Guangdong Province,China(Yq2013100)
文摘Poly(urea-formaldehyde)(UF) microcapsules with epoxy resin E-51 as core material used as self-healing materials were prepared by interfacial polymerization method. The surface of UF microcapsules was modifi ed by γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane(KH-560). The interfacial interactions between UF microcapsules and KH-560 were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometric analysis(XPS) of microcapsules. The surface topography of microcapsules was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The thermal stability and mechanical properties were evaluated. FTIR and XPS results showed that there were physical and chemical combinations between the silicon coupling agent and the microcapsules surface. The thermal stability and mechanical property analysis showed that the addition of KH-560 could greatly improve the thermal stability, tensile property and elastic property. SEM results indicated that the addition of KH-560 could improve the bonding between the surface of microcapsules and resin matrix and improve the ability of self-healing.
基金Support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11079050,11174372,11290165 and 11305252the Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant Nos KJCX2-EW-W09 and KJZD-EW-M03
文摘The properties of nanoscale gas bubbles at the solid/water interface have been investigated for more than 20 years. However, the stability of nanobubbles remains far from being understood. How to control the formation of nanobubbles is the key issue for understanding their long lifetime. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulations we modify the substrate (graphene) with charge dipoles in which the local properties of the surface could be changed. Nanobubbles could be stabilized on the local hydrophobic area and modified area with the hydrophilic boundary where gas nuclei are deposited beforehand. Those results provide two methods to control the nucleation of gas nanobubbles and fix them on a target area.
基金Supported by National Stem Cell and Translational Medicine Key Project (No.2017YFA0103204)the National Natural Science Foundation Project (No.81670830)+2 种基金the Capital Clinical Key Project (No. Z161100000516012)the Military Logistics Technology Project (No.CWS13C057)the PLA General Hospital Transformation Medicine Project (No.2016TM-025)
文摘AIM:To investigate whether hydroxyapatite(HAp)coating can improve keratoprosthesis(KPro)implant biointegration,ultimately to decrease the risk of implantassociated complications.METHODS:The modified titanium implant was designed and prepared for artificial cornea.The titanium implant was treated with sandblasting and hydroxyapatite coating by acid-base two-step method.Surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),KPro implants coated with HAp and KPro implant sandblasted were implanted in rabbits.Tissue adhesion to the implant was assessed and compared to an unmodified implant by histopathology(HE),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and SEM.RESULTS:SEM demonstrated successful deposition of HAp on titanium implant sandblasted(HA/SB-Ti).The hydroxyapatite coatings caused enhancement of keratocyte proliferation compared with unmodified implant surfaces.HAp coating significantly increased adhesion forces.HAp coating of implants reduced the inflammatory response around the KPro implants in vivo.CONCLUSION:HAp-coated surfaces for use in titanium KPro implant greatly enhanced adherence of the titanium KPro implant in the rabbit cornea.
文摘In this study, novel core-shell SiO<sub>2</sub>-coated iron nanoparticles (SiO<sub>2</sub>-nZVI) were synthesized using a one-step Stoeber method. The Malachite green degradation abilities of the nanoparticles were investigated. The effects of ethanol/distilled water volume ratio, presence and absence of PEG, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) dosage, and hydrolysis time used in the nanoparticles preparation process were investigated. The results indicated that the SiO<sub>2</sub>-coated iron nanoparticles had the highest reduction activity when the particles synthesized with ethanol/H<sub>2</sub>O ratio of 2:1, PEG of 0.15 ml, TEOS of 0.5 ml and the reaction time was 4 h. The SiO<sub>2</sub>-nZVI nanoparticles were characterized using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) and powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the average particles diameter of the SiO<sub>2</sub>-nZVI was 20 - 30 nm. The thickness of the outside SiO<sub>2</sub> film is consistent and approximately 10 nm. The results indicated that the nanoparticles coated completely with a transparent SiO<sub>2</sub>-film. Such nanoparticles could have wide applications in dye decolorization.
基金supported by the GIST Research Institute(GRI)grant funded by GIST in 2021supported by the KBSI grants(C140140 and C140110)。
文摘Alkaline hydrazine liquid fuel cells(AHFC) have been highlighted in terms of high power performance with non-precious metal catalysts.Although Fe-N-C is a promising non-Pt electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),the surface density of the active site is very low and the catalyst layer should be thick to acquire the necessary number of catalytic active sites.With this thick catalyst layer,it is important to have an optimum pore structure for effective reactant conveyance to active sites and an interface structure for faster charge transfer.Herein,we prepare a Fe-N-C catalyst with magnetite particles and hierarchical pore structure by steam activation.The steam activation process significantly improves the power performance of the AHFC as indicated by the lower IR and activation voltage losses.Based on a systematic characterization,we found that hierarchical pore structures improve the catalyst utilization efficiency of the AHFCs,and magnetite nanoparticles act as surface modifiers to reduce the interracial resistance between the electrode and the ion-exchange membrane.
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation(No.22-24-00474).
文摘By the reaction of poly(acryloyl chloride) with N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole, poly(N-(3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)acrylamide) was synthesized. The new polymer contains an imidazole ring removed from the main chain by a spacer of five bonds. The structure and purity, molecular weight, hydrodynamic and thermosensitive properties of the obtained sample were studied by1H-and13C-NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, acid-base titration, light scattering, turbidimetry and viscometry. The observed ability of the imidazole-containing polymer to form and destroy associates in water-salt solutions at pH 6.6-7.4 and temperatures of 29-48℃ indicates that these are promising candidates for designing complex biomedical systems. The new polymer is able to form complexes with oligo-DNA more actively than poly(1-vinylimidazole), which is of interest for gene delivery applications. The polymer cross-linked with epichlorohydrin gives micro-relief coatings on the plastic surface, and the modified surface is able to attach negatively charged objects. This thermo-and pH-sensitive polymer modification can be applied to create finely controlled surfaces for cell culturing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51173214, J1103305)Department of Education of Guangdong Province (2012KJCX0005)Science and Technology Bureau of Guangzhou
文摘A new macromolecular surface modifier, a copolymer of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl methacrylate (PEGMA), was synthesized through free radical polymerization. The copolymer was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (lH-NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The copolymer was used to blend with polyethylene. The binary blends have been characterized by attenuated total reflection/Fourier transform infrared (ATR- FTIR), contact-angle measurements (CDA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that poly(ethylene glycol) methyl methacrylate-co-lauryl methacrylate (PEGMA-co-LMA) could diffuse preferably onto the surface of the polyethylene (PE) film, and thus can be used as an efficient surface modifier for PE.
基金financially supported by KAKENHI(No.22K14508:Z.Z.,No.19H02490 and No.19K22056:A.K.,No.20H05663:K.M.)from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)。
文摘Magnesium(Mg)alloys for metal electroplating require a surface pretreatment,i.e.,the removal of the spontaneously oxidized surface layer(MgO,Mg(OH)_(2),andMgCO_(3)).However,the use of highly toxic and/or corrosive acids in conventional pretreatment processes has become an issue.In this study,a facile and less toxic pretreatment is demonstrated and applied in aluminum(Al)electroplating.The immersion of the AZ31 Mg alloy into acetic anhydride(Ac_(2)O)removed the spontaneously oxidized surface layer and formed a thin but stable magnesium acetate(Mg(OAc)_(2))layer that protects the metal substrate from further oxidation.The Al electroplating bath is a concentrated diglyme(G2)-AlCl_(3)organic solution that can readily dissolve Mg(OAc)_(2)to enable direct plating onto a metal substrate.The as-deposited Al layer has a compact and crack-free morphology that improves the corrosion resistance and hardness(2.7 GPa).Owing to the lack of an interfacial oxidized layer,heat treatment led to the successful diff usion of Mg and Al atoms,which increased the hardness to 4.4 GPa.The Ac_(2)O pretreatment of Mg alloys enables the successful Al electroplating and subsequent heat treatment.
基金The first author is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11571347,11688101)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(Grant No.2017003)。
文摘We consider the point vortex model associated to the modified Surface Quasi-Geostrophic(mSQG) equations on the two dimensional torus. It is known that this model is well posed for almost every initial conditions. We show that, when the system is perturbed by a certain space-dependent noise, it admits a unique global solution for any initial configuration. We also present an explicit example for the deterministic system on the plane where three different point vortices collapse.