Enhanced performance of solution-processed carbon nanotube transparent electrodes in foldable perovskite solar cells through vertical separation of binders by using eco-friendly parylene substrate

The successful utilization of an eco-friendly and biocompatible parylene-C substrate for high-performance solution-processed double-walled carbon nanotube(CNT)electrode-based perovskite solar cells(PSCs)was demonstrated.Through the use of a novel inversion transfer technique,vertical separation of the binders from the CNTs was induced,rendering a stronger p-doping effect and thereby a higher conductivity of the CNTs.The resulting foldable devices exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 18.11%,which is the highest reported among CNT transparent electrode-based PSCs to date,and withstood more than 10,000 folding cycles at a radius of 0.5 mm,demonstrating unprecedented mechanical stability.Furthermore,solar modules were fabricated using entirely laser scribing processes to assess the potential of the solution-processable nanocarbon electrode.Notably,this is the only one to be processed entirely by the laser scribing process and to be biocompatible as well as eco-friendly among the previously reported nonindium tin oxide-based perovskite solar modules.

Voltammetric behavior of sedative drug midazolam at glassy carbon electrode in solubilized systems

Redox behavior of midazolam was studied at a glassy carbon electrode in various buffer systems,supporting electrolytes and pH using differential paise,square-wave and cyclic voltammetry.Based on its reduction behavior,a direct differential pulse voltammetric method has been developed and validated for the determination of midazolam in parenteral dosage.Three welldefined peaks were observed in 0.1％ SLS,Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer of pH 2.5.The effect of surfaetants like sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS),cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and Tween 20 was studied.Among these surfactants SLS showed significant enhancement in reduction peak.The cathodic peak currents were directly proportional to the concentration of midazolam with correlation coetfficient of 0.99.

Voltammetric Determination of Estrogens Based on the Enhancement Effect of Surfactant at Carbon Paste Electrode

Highly sensitive voltammetric method for the determination of estrogens, based on the enhancement effect of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) has been described. In the presence of CTAB, the oxidation peak currents of estrogens (estradiol, estrone, estriol, estradiol valerate and diethylstilbestrol) as the carbon paste electrode (CPE) increased significantly after open-circuit accumulation. The peak current was proportional to the concentration of estradiol over the range from 5×10?9 to 2.5×10?6 mol·L?1. The detection limit was 8×10?10 mol·L?1 at 6 min of accumulation. The total amounts of estrogens in the blood serums were determined and the average recovery was 104.92%. Under the conditions used, the electrode process of estradiol was examined the mechanism for peak current enhancement was also discussed.

Abnormal IR Spectra of CO Adsorbed on the Surface of Glass Carbon Electrode Modified with Polypyrrole Film with Platinum Microparticles

Abnormal IR spectra of CO adsorbed at the surface of glass carbon electrode modified with polypyrrole film with Pt microparticles are reported.

Electrochemical Determination of Diethylstilbestrol in Feeds at Polyethylenimine-nanogold Modified Electrode

In this paper, a new method for the modification of glass carbon electrode (GCE) by polyethylenimine (PEI) and nano-gold (Au-colloid) was established to explore sensitive techniques for voltammetric determination of diethylstilbestrol. Compared with bare GCE, the peak current at the potential of 0.45 V is increased notably at PEI and PEI-nanogold modified electrode both by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). This kind of electrode allows the detection of low concentration of diethylstilbestrol in the range of 0.03～12 mg/L by DPV measurement. Other optimizations for experimental conditions were also discussed in detail.

Electrochemical Study and Application on Shikonin at Poly（diallyldimethylammonium chloride） Functionalized Graphene Sheets Modified Glass Carbon Electrode

The electrochemical behaviors of shikonin at a poly（diallyldimethylammonium chloride） functionalized graphene sheets modified glass carbon electrode（PDDA-GS/GCE） have been investigated. Shikonin could exhibit a pair of well-defined redox peaks at the PDDA-GS/GCE located at 0.681 V（Epa） and 0.662 V（Epc）[vs. saturated calo- mel electrode（SCE）] in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution（pH=2.0） with a peak-to-peak separation of about 20 mV, revealing a fast electron-transfer process. Moreover, the current response was remarkably increased at PDDA- GS/GCE compared with that at the bare GCE. The electrochemical behaviors of shikonin at the modified electrode were investigated. And the results indicate that the reaction involves the transfer of two electrons, accompanied by two protons and the electrochemical process is a diffusional-controlled electrode process. The electrochemical para- meters of shikonin at the modified electrode, the electron-transfer coefficient（a）, the electron-transfer number（n） and the electrode reaction rate constant（ks） were calculated to be as 0.53, 2.18 and 3.6 s^-1, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the peak current of differential pulse voltammetry（DPV） increased linearly with the shikonin concentra- tion in a range from 9A72×10^-8 mol/L to 3,789×10^-6 mol/L with a detection limit of 3,157× 10^-8 mol/L. The linear regression equation was Ip=O.7366c＋0.7855（R=0.9978; lp： 10-7 A, c： 10-8 mol/L）. In addition, the modified glass carbon electrode also exhibited good stability, selectivity and acceptable reproducibility that could be used for the sensitive, simple and rapid determination of shikonin in real samples. Therefore, the present work offers a new way to broaden the analytical application of graphene in pharmaceutical analysis.

基于层层自组装技术制备石墨烯/多壁碳纳米管共修饰的过氧化氢传感器的研究

利用阳离子型聚合物聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵（PDDA）和功能化的带负电荷的多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）及石墨烯（GR）之间的静电吸附，通过层层自组装的方法在玻碳电极的表面制备了均一、稳定的（PDDA／GR／PDDA／MWNTs），多层膜。以交流阻抗及循环伏安等方法对修饰电极的性质进行了表征。结果表明，该电极对过氧化氢（H2O2）的氧化显示出较好的电催化活性，在工作电位为1．0V，0．067mol／L磷酸盐缓冲溶液（PBS）中对H2O2响应灵敏度高，检测范围宽，测定H2O2的线性范围为6×10^-6～lA×10^-2mol／L（相关系数为0．997）。检出限为1．2×10^-7mol／L（S／N-3）。并且表现出良好的稳定性和高选择性。该电极用于实际样品中H2O2的测帘,结果今人满煮．

聚对氨基苯磺酸修饰玻碳电极不可逆双安培法测定酪氨酸

在玻碳电极上成功地制备了聚对氨基苯磺酸修饰电极（P-p-ABSA／GCE），研究了酪氨酸在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。将此修饰电极用于流动注射不可逆双安培体系的构建，建立了流动注射双安培法直接测定酪氨酸的方法。在0V外加电压下，在0．005mol／L硫酸载液中，酪氨酸的氧化峰峰电流与其浓度在2．0×10^-6 ～2．0×10^-4 mol／L范围内呈良好的线性关系，方法的检出限（S／N-3）为1．0×10^-7 mol／L。连续测定1．00×10^-5 mol／L的酪氨酸标准溶液，电流值的相对标准偏差（RSD）为1．48％（n=20）。该方法具有较高的选择性和灵敏度，应用于测定复方氨基酸注射液中酪氨酸的含量的测定，结果比较满意。

以纳米金为介质的无标记电流型甲胎蛋白免疫传感器的研究

利用电沉积方法将纳米级的金溶胶沉积在玻碳（GC）电极表面．再自组装固定甲胎蛋白抗体（anti-AFP），研制成AFP免疫传感器．研究了电极修饰过程中的纳米金沉积时间、抗体吸附时间、测试液pH值、温度等实验条件和参数对传感器性能的影响．该传感器在AFP浓度为2～60ng／mL的范围内有良好的线性关系并且制作简单，响应快，能满足实际测定的要求．

基于表面活性效应多壁碳纳米管修饰电极测定戊酸雌二醇

研究了戊酸雌二醇在表面活性剂存在下 ,在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为 ,发现表面活性剂能显著提高戊酸雌二醇的氧化电流 基于此 ,建立了一种直接测定戊酸雌二醇的电化学方法 优化了测定参数 ,如 :介质的 pH值 ,修饰剂的用量 ,扫描速度 ,富集电位和富集时间 ,表面活性剂的种类及其浓度等 峰电流与戊酸雌二醇在 1× 10 -7～ 2 .5× 10 -5mol·L-1的浓度范围内有良好的线性关系 ,检测限为 4× 10 -8mol·L-1 1× 10 -5mol·L-1戊酸雌二醇平行测定 8次的标准偏差为 4.5 % 用多壁碳纳米管修饰电极测定了戊酸雌二醇注射液中戊酸雌二醇的含量 ,取得了满意的结果 .

石墨烯修饰电极电化学发光分析法测定甲巯咪唑

基于碱性介质中鲁米诺在石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(GCE)表面的弱电化学发光信号可被少量甲巯咪唑显著增敏的原理建立了一种灵敏测定甲巯咪唑的电化学发光新方法。实验考察了反应介质、石墨烯用量、鲁米诺浓度及电化学扫描速率对体系电化学发光信号的影响。结果发现:在8. 0μL的石墨烯用量、0. 01 mol·L^(-1)NaOH、0. 7μmol·L^(-1)鲁米诺及100 mV/s的扫描速率的优化条件下,甲巯咪唑浓度在6. 0×10^(-8)～1. 0×10^(-5)mol·L^(-1)范围内与其增敏的电化学发光强度呈良好的线性关系,检出限为2. 0×10^(-8)mol·L^(-1),其相对标准偏差(RSD)为3. 5%(c=0. 5μmol·L^(-1),n=11)。该方法可用于甲巯咪唑含量的临床测定,结果较为满意。

HTMAB对碳电极上电解水的促进作用

通过在1mol·L^(-1)H_2SO_4溶液和1mol·L^(-1)Na_2CO_3溶液中,PTFE处理的碳布电极的阴极极化(析氢)曲线和阳极极化(析氧)曲线行为研究,发现在酸性介质中,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HTMAB)对碳布电极上氧的析出有明显的促进作用,不仅表现为氧析出电流密度成倍增大,更表现为氧析出电位负移1.0V。碱性介质中,HTMAB对碳布电极上氧析出也有促进作用,但不如酸性介质中显著,此外,HTMAB对碳布电极上氢气析出几乎无任何影响。

阳离子表面活性剂对电化学法测试牛奶中氯霉素残留量的影响

为探索用电化学方法检测生物样品中氯霉素残留的高灵敏度技术,本实验研究了阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)对氯霉素在玻碳电极上伏安行为的影响,实验结果表明,以0.02 mol/L高氯酸为支持电解质,在0.40^-0.60 V的范围内进行伏安扫描时,2×10-5mol/L CTMAB能显著提高氯霉素在-0.41 V处的还原峰电流。利用这种改进的电化学方法检测氯霉素的线性范围为0.0026~8 mg/L,检出限达到0.83μg/L。研究了缓冲液种类及其酸碱度及其它表面离子活性剂等对测试氯霉素的影响。

离子液体掺杂聚苯胺/纳米铜修饰电极制备及其在过氧化氢测定中的应用

在离子液体1-甲基咪唑-三氟乙酸中用循环伏安法(CV)电聚合苯胺制得离子液体掺杂聚苯胺膜修饰玻碳电极(IL-PANI/GCE),进一步在其表面原位电沉积纳米铜粒子,构制用于测定H2O2的新型离子液体掺杂聚苯胺/纳米铜(nano-Cu/IL-PANI/GCE)电化学传感器。用扫描电镜(SEM)、循环伏安法(CV)和电化学阻抗谱法(EIS)表征此修饰电极,并讨论了其对H2O2的电催化还原机制。在0.1 mol/L NaOH溶液和"0.35 V电位下,用电流法测定了H2O2的含量,在20～1.12 mmol/L浓度范围内线性关系良好;检出限为0.1μmol/L,响应时间约为3 s。

多壁碳纳米管修饰电极-不可逆双安培法测定双嘧达莫

在玻碳电极上成功地制备了多壁碳纳米管修饰电极(MWCNTs/GCE-CME)。研究了双嘧达莫(DPD)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。基于表面活性效应,得知十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)可提高DPD在MWC-NTs/GCE-CME的氧化电流,修饰电极对其具有明显的增敏作用,并对存在的机理作了探讨。在SDS介质存在下,通过DPD在MWCNTs/GCE-CME上的氧化和高锰酸钾在另一电极上的还原构建不可逆双安培检测体系,建立直接测定DPD的新方法。在0.05mol/LH2SO4介质中,DPD氧化峰电流与其浓度在1.5×10-6～1.0×10-3mol/L范围内呈线性关系(r=0.9950,n=16);线性回归方程为i(nA)=2.37×106C-450;方法检出限为8.0×10-7mol/L;电流值RSD为1.8%;进样频率为80样/h。本方法具有较高的选择性和灵敏度,样品处理方法简单快速,适合于实时在线分析。修饰电极易于制作,具有良好的稳定性和重现性及抗干扰性能,对DPD片剂测定结果满意。

硫酸双肼屈嗪修饰玻碳电极安培法测定过氧化氢

在1.0mol/L H2SO4溶液中,在玻碳电极上修饰硫酸双肼屈嗪制得的修饰电极对过氧化氢还原有催化作用。研究了各种实验条件对修饰电极性能的影响。在-0.3V工作电位下,用安培法测定过氧化氢的响应电流与其浓度在1.94×10-5～1.05×10-3 mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系。该修饰电极具有制作简单,使用寿命长,检出限低等优点,可用于实际试样的测定。

泰乐星在碳糊电极上的伏安行为研究及应用

目的研究表面活性剂增敏作用下泰乐星（TLS）在碳糊电极（CPE）上的电化学行为，建立一种测定TLS的电化学分析方法。方法用循环伏安法（cyclic voltammetry，CV）和线性扫描伏安法（linear sweep vohammetry，LSV）探讨了TLS在CPE上的电化学行为及其影响因素。结果阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）存在下TLS在CPE上有一显著的不可逆氧化峰，峰电位（Ep）为0．735V。结论TLS氧化峰电流与其浓度在1．2×10^-5～1．0×10^-3mol／L范围内呈良好的线性关系，r=0．9974，检出限1．7×10^-7mol／L，以此建立TLS含量的电化学分析方法。测定结果RSD1．6—2．4％，加样回收率98．6％-101．1％。该方法简便快捷，测定结果令人满意。

羧基化碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极伏安法测定痕量钯

基于羧基化多壁碳纳米管(c-MWCNT)修饰玻碳电极,建立了无汞测定痕量钯的新方法。在0.1 mol/L的HAc-NaAc缓冲液(pH 4.5)中,当Pd2+在羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极表面于-1.1 V电位下富集30 s,电位扫速为100 mV/s时,该修饰电极在线性扫描伏安图上出现一灵敏的阳极溶出峰,峰电位为0.162 V。峰电流与Pd2+浓度在5.0×10-10～1.0×10-7mol/L范围内成良好的线性关系,其相关系数为0.999,方法检出限可达1.5×10-10mol/L。该修饰电极稳定性较好,可用于钯催化剂中钯含量的测定,回收率为98%～103%。

电化学分析法测定植物油中的VE

利用循环伏安技术研究了α-生育酚在玻碳电极上的伏安性质,其循环伏安图表明,在0.2～0.8V扫描电位范围内,在0.576V处出现一个良好的氧化峰,无还原峰出现,表明α-生育酚的电极反应是一个非可逆过程,是一个由扩散控制的电极反应过程。基于α-生育酚的电化学氧化机理,研究了α-生育酚的电化学分析法。利用微分脉冲伏安技术,研究确定了α-生育酚的最优分析条件:1,2二氯乙烷与乙醇(1:3)组成混合溶剂,支持电解质LiClO4的浓度为0.05mol/L,pH值为3.0,电位扫描速度为10mV/s,脉冲幅度为50mV;在5～350μmol/L范围内,α-生育酚的氧化峰电流与其浓度表现为线性关系,Ip=0.2872+0.01852×Cα-T,(相关系数r=0.9997),检测灵敏度为1.852×10-8AL/mol,最低检测为1.5μmol/L(S/N=3),每个样品分析所需时间80s。同时研究了植物油中常用合成抗氧化剂对α-生育酚的电化学法分析可能存在的影响与干扰,最后通过电化学分析法与HPLC法分析同一油样中VE的含量并进行对比,结果表明该法所测得的VE的含量与HPLC法测得的的α-、β-、γ-、δ-生育酚的总和一致,可用于植物油中VE的定量分析,无需任何油样预处理程序,操作简单,分析快捷、准确。

牛乳中氯霉素残留的聚乙烯亚胺-纳米金修饰电极测定

用聚乙烯亚胺-纳米金修饰玻碳电极，建立了检测牛乳样品中氯霉素残留量的高灵敏度的电化学新方法，并研究了氯霉素在该修饰电极上的伏安行为及测定方法。与裸电极相比，以导数循环伏安法（DCV）利用Au-colloid-PEI修饰电极进行氯霉素的电化学检测时，在-0．41V处氯霉素的还原峰电流值极显著提高。运用这种修饰电极检测氯霉素的线性范围为0．017～12mg／L，检测限达到1．15μg／L。详细讨论了其他条件对Au-colloid-PEI修饰电极测试氯霉素残留的影响。在优化条件下对牛乳样品的检测表明，该方法检测氯霉素的回收率达96．82％，准确率达99％以上，平均每份样品的检测时间为4min。