Model for end-stage liver disease score versus Child score in predicting the outcome of surgical procedures in patients with cirrhosis

AIM： To determine factors affecting the outcome of patients with cirrhosis undergoing surgery and to compare the capacities of the Child-Turcotte-Pugh （CTP） and model for end-stage liver disease （MELD） score to predict that outcome. METHODS： We reviewed the charts of 195 patients with cirrhosis who underwent surgery at two teaching hospitals over a five-year period. The combined endpoint of death or hepatic decompensation was considered to be the primary endpoint. RESULTS： Patients who reached the endpoint had a higher MELD score, a higher CTP score and were more likely to have undergone an urgent procedure. Among patients undergoing elective surgical procedures, no statistically significant difference was noted in the mean MELD （12.8 ＋ 3.9 vs 12.6 ＋ 4.7, P = 0.9） or in the mean CTP （7.6 ± 1.2 vs 7.7 ± 1.7, P = 0.8） between patients who reached the endpoint and those who did not. Both mean scores were higher in the patients reaching the endpoint in the case of urgent procedures （MELD： 22.4 ± 8.7 vs 15.2 ± 6.4, P = 0.0007; CTP： 9.9 ± 1.8 vs 8.5 ± 1.8, P = 0.008）. The performances of the MELD and CTP scores in predicting the outcome of urgent surgery were only fair, without a significant difference between them （AUC = 0.755 ± 0.066 for MELD vs AUC = 0.696 ± 0.070 for CTP, P = 0.3）. CONCLUSION： The CTP and MELD scores performed equally, but only fairly in predicting the outcome of urgent surgical procedures. Larger studies are needed to better define the factors capable of predicting the outcome of elective surgical procedures in patients with cirrhosis.equally, but only fairly in predicting the outcome of urgent surgical procedures. Larger studies are needed to better define the factors capable of predicting the outcome of elective surgical procedures in patients with cirrhosis.

Cancellation Causes of Elective Surgical Procedures in a Major Pediatric Surgery Department

Introduction: Cancellation of surgical operation is a surgical operation registered in the official schedule the day before or added to the list after and not carried out on the operating day. The purpose of this work was to determine the causes of cancellation of elective surgical operations in a major pediatric surgery department in Senegal. Patients and methods: It was a prospective and descriptive study of 278 patients scheduled during a period of 13 weeks. The study took place between April 3rd, 2017, and January 31st, 2018. Mean age was 2.9 years with extremes of 3 days and 15 years. The age group of 29 days to 30 months was the most represented (62.2%). Sex ratio was 1.41. Causes of cancellation were categorized into administrative and organizational causes, patient-related causes and staff-related causes. Results: Cancellation rate was 29.4%. Patient-related causes were most common (51.2%). Upper Respiratory tract infection (URTI) was commonest reason within this category (57.5%). Organizational causes (28.1%) came second and were mainly represented by the unavailability of the operating room (60.8%) related to breakdowns of anesthesia equipment. Finally, staff-related causes (20.7%) were due for most to the unavailability of the anesthesiologist (12 cases/17). Conclusion: Majority of causes that led to cancellation of elective surgical operations in our Pediatric surgery department are related to intercurrent illnesses affecting the patient, in particular URTI.

Surgical procedures of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum

Objective To investigate different surgical procedures for treatment of thoracic ossification of ligamentum flavum.Methods From January 1994 to June 2008,56 cases of thoracic ossification of ligamentum flavum underwent

CHANGES OF INTERLEUKIN-6 AND RELATED FACTORS AS WELL AS GASTRIC INTRAMUCOSAL pH DURING COLORECTAL AND ORTHOPAEDIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES

Objective To investigate the changes of perioperative serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol, as well as gastric intramucosal pH (pHi) and plasma lactate, aiming to compare systemic changes and tissue perfusion during colorectal and orthopaedic surgical procedures. Methods Twenty patients were randomly assigned to two groups, 10 cases of operation on vertebral canal, 10 cases of colorectal radical operation.Venous blood was drawn at 1 day before operation, 2, 4, and 6 hours following skin incision, and 1 day after operation, in order to measure serum IL-6, CRP, and cortisol.pHi and plasma lactate were also measured at the same time points.Results Serum concentrations of IL-6 and cortisol increased gradually following operation, reaching the peak value at 6 hours from the beginning of operation.CRP was not detectable until the first day after operation.Peak concentration of IL-6 had positive relationship with CRP.These variables changed more significantly in colorectal group than that in orthopaedic group (P<0.05).pHi decreased gradually, reaching the lowest level at 4 hours from the beginning of operation, and to more extent in colorectal group than that in orthopaedic group (P<0.05).Conclusion IL-6 may reflect tissue damage more sensitively than CRP.Colorectal surgery might induce systemic disorder to more extent, in terms of immuno-endocrinal aspect as well as tissue perfusion, reflected with pHi.

Surgical Procedures,Pathological Features and Prognosis in Young Women with Breast Cancer in China--a Single Institute Experience

Objective:To compare the differences in surgical procedures,pathological features and prognosis between young and elderly women with breast cancer in China.Methods:A retrospective study compared the data of surgical procedures,pathological features and prognosis of 61 cases of young females(≤40 years)and 507 cases of elderly females(>40 years),treated in our department from August 2011 to July 2018.This data was analyzed using SPSS 23.0 program.Results:10.74% of total cases,in this period of time,involve young females.In terms of surgical procedures,24.59%of young patients underwent breast conserving surgery(8.48% elderly,respectively),and 13.11%underwent reconstruction surgery(1.18% elderly,respectively),with statistically significant differences existing between the two groups(P<0.05).Progesterone receptor(PR)expression in young women was significantly higher than in elderly females(P<0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups in the proportion of invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC),axillary lymph node metastasis(ALNM),expression of estrogen receptor(ER),human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER-2)and Ki-67,but the lymphatic metastasis stage showed an increasing rate with younger age.No significant difference was found in 3-year disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS).Conclusion:The selection rate of breast conserving and reconstructive surgery in young women with breast cancer is significantly higher than that in elderly women.The younger the patient,the more frequently the PR positive expression,and the more likely ALNM to occur.The 3-year prognosis of the young and elderly patients is similar.

State of Play of Anesthesia for Outpatient Medical and Surgical Procedures in the City of Kinshasa

Context and Objective: The practice of outpatient anaesthesia has many advantages over anesthesia with conventional hospitalisation, particularly in the reduction of post-operative complications and the faster resumption of activity, etc. No study has been carried out on this subject in our community;this study was carried out in order to come up with a concrete state of play when it comes to outpatient anesthesia for medical and surgical procedures in the city of Kinshasa. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, which took place in seven hospitals in the city of Kinshasa from 1 November 2020 to 31 January 2021. The population consisted of all patients who received outpatient anesthesia and the included patients had signed an informed consent. The variables of the study were the general profile of patients, surgical procedures and indications, anesthetic data and patient evolution. Statistical analyses were performed with SPPS 21.0 with p Results: We collected data from 971 patients who had undergone anesthesia in the seven medical facilities in the city of Kinshasa. Among these patients, 394 had benefited from outpatient anesthesia, i.e. a frequency of outpatient anesthesia estimated at 40.5%. Three hundred and ninety-four (394) patients were selected. They were 58.6% women and 41.4% men i.e. a sex ratio M/F of 0.7. The mean age was 39.3 ± 18.7 years with the extremes of 1 and 82 years. Gastroscopy was the most performed (operative) procedure (21.6%). Patients were classified as ASA 1 in 75.1%, narcosis (80.7%) using propofol (80.2%) was the most used anesthetic technique and performed by a specialist doctor in Anesthesia in 65.5%. Suxamethonium was the most used curare in 13.2%. Fentanyl was the most used opioid in 14.5%. Bupivacaine (10.9%) was the most widely used local anesthetic. Eleven patients or 3.2% had complications and, i.e. (0.8%) were hospitalized, class ASA II appeared to be a factor associated with complications. Conclusion: Ambulatory anesthesia is a reality in the city of Kinshasa;however, it is still underdeveloped and mainly concerns explorations (gastroscopy, colonoscopy, laparoscopy…) and some minor procedures. This anesthesia mainly uses propofol and is done by the specialist doctor. A high-powered study and an evaluation of this practice in the light of international recommendations would be useful.

Application of Plan-Do-Check-Action cycle and fishbone diagram analysis in optimizing surgical procedures to improve satisfaction degree of doctor-nurse-patient

Background:To study the application of management tools such as Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA)cycle and fishbone diagram in optimizing surgical procedures to improve the satisfaction of doctor-nurse-patient.Methods:The fundus surgery nursing team of our hospital began to implement the PDCA cycle management mode to optimize the surgical procedure from July 2017,set up a project activity improvement team,unified the surgical labeling processing plan,and made the fundus surgery procedure,and established the preoperative health education for surgical patients,and standardized the training content of post-rotating doctors and interns.Results:The satisfaction degree to surgical procedure after implementation of doctors and nurses was higher than that before implementation.Conclusions:Using PDCA cycle and fishbone diagram analysis tools to manage the surgical procedure optimization can better integrate doctor-nurse medical care,improve the efficiency and accuracy of the surgical procedure delivery and operation,and optimize the satisfaction of the three parties of doctor-nurse-patient.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Microwave Ablation of Parathyroid Adenoma with Surgical Procedures

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation with surgery for the treatment of primary parathyroid adenoma. Methods: The clinical data of patients with primary parathyroid adenoma admitted to the First Hospital of Yangtze University from January 2010 to May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into 43 cases in the microwave ablation group (MWA) and 39 cases in the surgical procedure group (SR) according to the different treatment methods. The surgical condition, postoperative complications, and changes in serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum calcium and phosphorus levels were analyzed in both groups. Results: The hospital stay and operation time of patients in the microwave ablation group were shorter than those in the surgical group, and the intraoperative bleeding was significantly less than that in the surgical group (P < 0.05);the serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood calcium and blood phosphorus levels of patients in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05) after surgery of 1, 3 and 6 months respectively, and the differences between groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Microwave ablation can achieve the same therapeutic effect as surgery. It is a safe and feasible clinical technique worthy of clinical promotion with its short hospitalization time, less bleeding and less trauma.

Endoscopic treatment of biliopancreatic pathology in patients with Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical variants: Lessons learned from single-balloon enteroscopy-assisted ERCP

Background: Endoscopic treatment of biliopancreatic pathology is challenging due to surgically altered anatomy after Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of single-balloon enteroscopy-assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(SBE-ERCP) to treat biliopancreatic pathology in patients with Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical variants. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 106 SBE-ERCP procedures in 46 patients with Whipple's variants. Technical and clinical success rates and adverse events were evaluated. Results: Biliary SBE-ERCP was performed in 34 patients and pancreatic SBE-ERCP in 17, including 5 with both indications. From a total of 106 SBE-ERCP procedures, 76 were biliary indication with technical success rate of 68/76(90%) procedures and clinical success rate of 30/34(88%) patients. Mild adverse event rate was 8/76(11%), without serious adverse events. From a total of 106 SBE-ERCP procedures, 30 were pancreatic indication with technical success rate of 24/30(80%) procedures( P = 0.194 vs. biliary SBEERCP) and clinical success rate of 11/17(65%) patients( P = 0.016 vs. biliary SBE-ERCP). Mild adverse event rate was 6/30(20%)( P = 0.194 vs. biliary SBE-ERCP), without serious adverse events. After SBE-ERCP failure, endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage, percutaneous drainage and redo surgery were alternative therapeutic options. Conclusions: Biliopancreatic pathology after Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy variants can be treated using SBE-ERCP without serious adverse events. Technical and clinical success rates are high for biliary indications, whereas clinical success rate of pancreatic indications is significantly lower. SBE-ERCP can be considered as first-line treatment option in this patient group with surgically altered anatomy.

Comparison of Surgical Techniques Used in Treating Acromioclavicular Dislocation in Patients Participating in Sports: A Systematic Review

Introduction: The acromioclavicular joint is a superficial diarthrodial joint that surrounds the medial articular facet of the acromion and the distal portion of the clavicle. Due to its anatomy and biomechanics, it is highly susceptible to trauma and in young men who play contact sports, acromioclavicular dislocation is common. This article aimed to systematically review the literature and compare the surgical techniques used in the treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation in patients who practice sports. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the International Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Eligible studies for this systematic review included articles in English or Spanish published between 2013 and 2023, which mention the occurrence of acromioclavicular dislocation during sports practices. Additionally, only studies that addressed the surgical treatment of acromion-clavicular dislocation and contained original data on the topic were included. Results: We found 144 eligible studies after searching the LILACS and PubMed databases. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the reviewers’ consensus, we selected four studies for the systematic review. 133 patients with AC joint displacement were evaluated. Mean Age: approximately 31.90 years. 81.92 of these injuries occurred during sports practice. Surgical Procedures Used: titanium plates fixation (49 patients), arthroscopy (24), single tunnel technique (30) and coracoid sling technique (30). The results of the visual analog scale and Constant-Murley scores varied between the techniques used. Twenty-two complications after surgical treatment were identified. Conclusion: A significant variability of operative techniques can be used in the surgical approach of acromioclavicular dislocation, such as arthroscopy, single tunnel, coracoid sling and titanium plates. Although it presented excellent functional results compared to the other three techniques evaluated by this review, using titanium plates is not the gold standard since other techniques not assessed by this work may be more effective.

Operating Room Nurses’ Role in Multidisciplinary Surgical Coordination for a Patient with a Large Abdominal Tumor and Multiple Pelvic Fractures

In this study,we have summarized the coordination of operating room nurses participating in the multidisciplinary team in diagnosing and treating a patient with a large abdominal tumor and multiple pelvic fractures.To perform surgical treatment on patients with various conditions,it is crucial to consider the patients from a holistic perspective.Thus,the existing medical model has shifted from a“disease-centered”approach focusing on single-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment,to a“patient-centered”approach that involves multiple disciplines in diagnosis and therapy.Operating room nurses,as crucial collaborators of surgeons,should make necessary adjustments to enhance their comprehension of patients,improving the overall quality of surgical coordination.

Feasibility and safety of minimally invasive multivisceral resection for T4b rectal cancer:A 9-year review

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second highest cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.About 5%-10%of patients are diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer(LARC)on presentation.For LARC invading into other structures(i.e.T4b),multivisceral resection(MVR)and/or pelvic ex-enteration(PE)remains the only potential curative surgical treatment.MVR and/or PE is a major and complex surgery with high post-operative morbidity.Minimally invasive surgery(MIS)has been shown to improve short-term post-operative outcomes in other gastrointestinal malignancies,but there is little evi-dence on its use in MVR,especially so for robotic MVR.This is a single-center retrospective cohort study from 1st January 2015 to 31st March 2023.Inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with cT4b rectal cancer and underwent MVR,or stage 4 disease with resectable systemic metastases.Pa-tients who underwent curative MVR for locally recurrent rectal cancer,or me-tachronous rectal cancer were also included.Exclusion criteria were patients with systemic metastases with non-resectable disease.All patients planned for elective surgery were enrolled into the standard enhanced recovery after surgery pathway with standard peri-operative management for colorectal surgery.Complex sur-gery was defined based on technical difficulty of surgery(i.e.total PE,bladder-sparing prostatectomy,pelvic lymph node dissection or need for flap creation).Our primary outcomes were the margin status,and complication rates.Cate-gorical values were described as percentages and analysed by the chi-square test.Continuous variables were expressed as median(range)and analysed by Mann-Whitney U test.Cumulative overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS)were analysed using Kaplan-Meier estimates with life table analysis.Log-rank test was performed to determine statistical significance between cumulative estimates.Statistical significance was defined as P<0.05.Meier estimates with life table analysis.Log-rank test was performed to determine statistical significance between cumulative estimates.Statistical significance was defined as P<0.05.RESULTS A total of 46 patients were included in this study[open MVR(oMVR):12(26.1%),miMVR:36(73.9%)].Patients’American Society of Anesthesiologists score,body mass index and co-morbidities were comparable between oMVR and miMVR.There is an increasing trend towards robotic MVR from 2015 to 2023.MiMVR was associated with lower estimated blood loss(EBL)(median 450 vs 1200 mL,P=0.008),major morbidity(14.7%vs 50.0%,P=0.014),post-operative intra-abdominal collections(11.8%vs 50.0%,P=0.006),post-operative ileus(32.4%vs 66.7%,P=0.04)and surgical site infection(11.8%vs 50.0%,P=0.006)compared with oMVR.Length of stay was also shorter for miMVR compared with oMVR(median 10 vs 30 d,P=0.001).Oncological outcomes-R0 resection,recurrence,OS and RFS were comparable between miMVR and oMVR.There was no 30-d mortality.More patients underwent robotic compared with laparoscopic MVR for complex cases(robotic 57.1%vs laparoscopic 7.7%,P=0.004).The operating time was longer for robotic compared with laparoscopic MVR[robotic:602(400-900)min,laparoscopic:Median 455(275-675)min,P<0.001].Incidence of R0 resection was similar(laparoscopic:84.6%vs robotic:76.2%,P=0.555).Overall complication rates,major morbidity rates and 30-d readmission rates were similar between la-paroscopic and robotic MVR.Interestingly,3-year OS(robotic 83.1%vs 58.6%,P=0.008)and RFS(robotic 72.9%vs 34.3%,P=0.002)was superior for robotic compared with laparoscopic MVR.CONCLUSION MiMVR had lower post-operative complications compared to oMVR.Robotic MVR was also safe,with acceptable post-operative complication rates.Prospective studies should be conducted to compare short-term and long-term outcomes between robotic vs laparoscopic MVR.

低温等离子治疗儿童鼻咽部第二鳃裂囊肿分析

目的探讨儿童鼻咽部第二鳃裂囊肿的临床特征和治疗方式,提高诊治能力。方法回顾性分析河北省儿童医院收治的4例儿童鼻咽部第二鳃裂囊肿的临床资料,包括年龄、性别、症状、影像学资料和治疗过程。总结分析病变部位特点,B超、CT或MRI特征,术后病理结果及治疗方式。结果4例鼻咽部第二鳃裂囊肿患儿均表现为鼻咽侧壁咽鼓管咽口与腭咽弓后上方连线上的囊性肿物,囊壁较厚,影像学检查结果均为囊性病变。4例患儿选择内镜下低温等离子病变切除术,其中2例为内侧囊壁大部分切除术,将囊腔充分敞开,2例为囊肿全部切除术。术后病理提示衬覆纤毛柱状上皮或复层上皮,周围淋巴组织增生。术后随访1.5~3年无复发。结论儿童鼻咽部第二鳃裂囊肿临床罕见,诊断主要依靠病变部位及术后病理结果,内镜下低温等离子切除病变组织是微创、安全、有效的治疗方式。

Minimally invasive multivisceral resection in rectal cancer:Preparation or Precipitation?

Rectal cancer is a malignant neoplasm that constitutes a significant public health challenge due to its high incidence and associated mortality.In this editorial,we comment on the article by Chan et al.In recent years,there has been progress in the development of new treatments for initial and metastatic rectal cancer due to introduction of techniques of innovative and minimally-invasive surgery(MIS)such as laparoscopy and robotic surgery.However,only a few studies have ana-lyzed the feasibility,safety,and results of MIS in relation to open surgery,thereby highlighting the promising and superior results of MIS in functional and oncolo-gical terms.The findings were corroborated by the comparative study of Chan et al which evaluated the feasibility and safety of minimally invasive multivisceral resection(miMVR).A comparison of postoperative outcomes between open MVR and miMVR showed that miMVR presented less blood loss,fewer postoperative complications,and less morbidity.This editorial article is focused specifically on analysis of the characteristics of new minimally-invasive surgical techniques in rectal cancer,particularly in advanced stages.The importance of future research is emphasized by progress in knowledge,training,and clinical practice in the appli-cation of these surgical procedures for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.

Minimally invasive pelvic exenteration for primary or recurrent locally advanced rectal cancer:A glimpse into the future

Surgeons have grappled with the treatment of recurrent and T4b locally advanced rectal cancer(LARC)for many years.Their main objectives are to increase the overall survival and quality of life of the patients and to mitigate postoperative complications.Currently,pelvic exenteration(PE)with or without neoadjuvant treatment is a curative treatment when negative resection margins are achieved.The traditional open approach has been favored by many surgeons.However,the technological advancements in minimally invasive surgery have radically changed the surgical options.Recent studies have demonstrated promising results in postoperative complications and oncological outcomes after robotic or laparoscopic PE.A recent retrospective study entitled“Feasibility and safety of minimally invasive multivisceral resection for T4b rectal cancer:A 9-year review”was published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.As we read this article with great interest,we decided to delve into the latest data regarding the benefits and risks of minimally invasive PE for LARC.Currently,the small number of suitable patients,limited surgeon experience,and steep learning curve are hindering the establishment of minimally invasive PE.

Timing of surgical operation for patients with intra-abdominal infection:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Intra-abdominal infections(IAIs)is the most common type of surgical infection,with high associated morbidity and mortality rates.In recent years,due to the use of antibiotics,various drug-resistant bacteria have emerged,making the treatment of abdominal infections more challenging.Early surgical exploration can reduce the mortality of patients with abdominal infection and the occurrence of complications.However,available evidence regarding the optimal timing of IAI surgery is still weak.In study,we compared the effects of operation time on patients with abdominal cavity infection and tried to confirm the best timing of surgery.AIM To assess the efficacy of early vs delayed surgical exploration in the treatment of IAI,in terms of overall mortality.METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Ovid,and ScienceDirect.The systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses method.Based on the timing of the surgical operation,we divided the literature into two groups:Early surgery and delayed surgery.For the early and delayed surgery groups,the intervention was performed with and after 12 h of the initial surgical intervention,respectively.The main outcome measure was the mortality rate.The literature search was performed from May 5 to 20,2021.We also searched the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform search portal and ClinicalTrials.gov on May 20,2021,for ongoing trials.This study was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.RESULTS We identified nine eligible trial comparisons.Early surgical exploration of patients with IAIs(performed within 12 h)has significantly reduced the mortality and complications of patients,improved the survival rate,and shortened the hospital stay.CONCLUSION Early surgical exploration within 12 h may be more effective for the treatment of IAIs relative to a delayed operation.

Preventing surgical site infection using operating room bundle of care in patients undergoing elective exploratory laparotomy cholecystectomy surgery

Objective:Surgical procedures manifest immense risks to patients.One of the adverse events that healthcare professionals see as a threat to the patient’s health is the development of complications known as surgical site infection(SSI).Although several effor ts are being under taken to determine the proper means to reduce such complications,there is still a high incidence of SSI worldwide.Surgery requires knowledge in infection control and high precision in maintaining a clean surgical site.This study tested the effectiveness of an operating room(OR)bundle of care in preventing SSI in patients undergoing elective exploratory laparotomy cholecystectomy surgery.Methods:A quasi-experimental pretest and posttest design was utilized to determine its effectiveness.The study was composed of 60 par ticipants divided into two groups:30 subjects were selected to receive the OR bundle of care,while the other 30 subjects received the usual care.The groupings were determined through a systematic random sampling technique.The OR bundle of care had three interventions,namely:(1)maintaining perioperative normothermia,(2)no pre-operative surgical site hair removal,and(3)changing gloves before abdominal wall closure.These patients were evaluated using the standard instrument,Bates–Jensen Wound Assessment Tool(BWAT)in the post-intervention phases of the wound healing process,which are as follows:hemostasis,inflammatory,and proliferative phases.To describe the difference in the patients’wound status after implementation of the OR bundle of care in each post-intervention phase,Friedman’s test was used.To describe the difference in the patients’wound status in both groups after implementation of the OR bundle of care,the Mann–Whitney U test was used.Results:The patient’s wound status was lower,indicating a more healing process.Differences between the wound status of the control and the experimental group were observed on the third postoperative day.This indicates that the experimental group’s wound status healed much faster and more effectively than the control group based on the BWAT scoring severity scoring.A significant difference in the patient’s wound status from the hemostasis phase compared with the proliferative phase was observed.Conclusions:The OR bundle of care has been shown to be effective in preventing SSI in patients who had undergone exploratory laparotomy cholecystectomy surgery in the selected hospital,if there is uniform and consistent implementation of the said intervention.

Operating procedures of traditional Chinese medicine breast massage

Traditional Chinese medicine breast massage,also known as breast Tuina or manual expression of breast milk,is a technique of using certain manipulations to act on specific positions or acupoints of the breast to promote blood and lymphatic circulation of breast and facilitate the discharge of stagnant milk.This technique is widely used in China to treat breastfeeding problems such as breast engorgement,mastitis,and postpartum hypogalactia.In this article,we introduce the definition and standardization process of breast massage,elaborate the operating procedures of breast massage in detail,and summarize and discuss the current situation of its clinical application,so as to provide a reference for its wide application and in‑depth research.

术中超声临床应用进展:创新及发展精准外科

术中超声(IOUS)因其便利、可重复性好、成本较低等优势广泛用于外科手术。近年来,随着超声设备不断发展,IOUS对实现精准外科手术越来越重要。本文就IOUS临床应用进展进行述评。

实时跟踪和虚拟成像技术辅助创伤骨科手术机器人治疗股骨颈骨折

目的:探究实时跟踪和虚拟成像技术(real-time tracking and virtual reality technology,RTVI)辅助创伤骨科手术机器人术中配准治疗股骨颈骨折的治疗效果。方法:回顾分析2020年9月至2022年9月应用创伤骨科机器人手术治疗的60例股骨颈骨折患者,根据术中是否使用RTVI技术辅助机器人手术将患者分成两组:RTVI组28例,男12例,女16例;年龄28~60(46.2±9.3)岁。单纯天玑手术机器人组32例,男15例,女17例;年龄32~58(48.2±7.8)岁。观察并记录两组配准透视次数、手术时间、术中透视次数、术中出血量、住院时间。所有患者术后接受定期随访,常规复查髋关节X线片,记录Garden对线指数、骨折愈合时间、术后并发症、Harris评分。结果:60例患者均获得随访,其中RTVI组随访9~16(13.0±1.2)个月,单纯天玑手术机器人组随访10~14(12.0±1.3)个月,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访期间两组股骨颈骨折均愈合良好,无内固定松动、切口感染等并发症发生。RTVI组配准透视次数、手术时间、术中透视次数优于单纯天玑手术机器人组(P<0.01)。而两组术中出血量、住院时间、Garden对线指数、骨折愈合时间、髋关节Harris评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。总结:RTVI技术辅助天玑手术机器人治疗股骨颈骨折手术虽然对其术后疗效影响不大,但可以有效减少手术时间,减低术中X线投射次数,降低患者术中辐射暴露风险。同时也缩短了术者的学习曲线,更好体现创伤骨科手术机器人的精准和高效。