Enhancement of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 accompanied with neurogenesis following collagen glycosaminoglycan matrix implantation after surgical brain injury

Surgical brain injury may result in irreversible neurological deficits. Our previous report showed that partial regeneration of a traumatic brain lesion is achieved by implantation of collagen glycosaminoglycan（CGM）. Matrix metalloproteinases（MMPs） may play an important role in neurogenesis but there is currently a lack of studies displaying the relationship between the stimulation of MMPs and neurogenesis after collagen glycosaminoglycan implantation following surgical brain trauma. The present study was carried out to further examine the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 after implantation of collagen glycosaminoglycan（CGM） following surgical brain trauma. Using the animal model of surgically induced brain lesion, we implanted CGM into the surgical trauma. Rats were thus divided into three groups：（1） sham operation group： craniotomy only;（2） lesion（L） group： craniotomy ＋ surgical trauma lesion;（3） lesion ＋ CGM（L ＋ CGM） group： CGM implanted following craniotomy and surgical trauma lesion. Cells positive for SOX2（marker of proliferating neural progenitor cells） and matrix metalloproteinases（MMP2 and MMP9） in the lesion boundary zone were assayed and analyzed by immunofluorescence and ELISA commercial kits, respectively. Our results demonstrated that following implantation of CGM after surgical brain trauma, significant increases in MMP2^＋/SOX2^＋ cells and MMP9^＋/SOX2^＋ cells were seen within the lesion boundary zone in the L ＋ CGM group. Tissue protein concentrations of MMP2 and MMP9 also increased after CGM scaffold implantation. These findings suggest that implantation of a CGM scaffold alone after surgical brain trauma can enhance the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 accompanied by neurogenesis.

EVALUATION ON FACTORS INFLUENCING LIVER CANCER METASTASIS AFTER LIVER SURGERY BY A MOUSE MODEL

Objective: To evaluate the influence of surgical trauma on liver cancer metastasis. Methods: A mouse model of experimental liver cancer metastasis was established by subcapsule injecting hepatoma ascites tumor cells (H22) into spleen of NIH mice. Simple intrasplenic inoculation, with sham operation, partial hepatectomy, total occlusion of hepatic blood inflow and blood loss and re-perfusion were performed and metastatic effects were observed. Results: There were significant higher metastasis-augmenting effects in sham operation and partial hepatectomy groups. Compared with no-blood transfusion, blood transfusion group was found to be potent to increase intrahepatic metastases. But, neither inhibition nor enhancement with total occlusion of hepatic blood inflow for 20 and 30 minutes was seen. Conclusions: Surgical trauma, especially partial hepatectomy and blood transfusion, are involved in enhancing metastasis, but total occlusion of hepatic blood inflow is not responsible for enhanced liver metastasis in the experimental metastasis model.

Minimally invasive surgery vs laparotomy in patients with colon cancer residing in high-altitude areas

BACKGROUND Colon cancer is associated with a higher incidence among residents in highaltitude areas.Hypoxic environment at high altitudes inhibits the phagocytic and oxygen-dependent killing function of phagocytes,thereby increasing the inflammatory factors,inhibiting the body’s innate immunity and increasing the risk of colon cancer.AIM To examine the effect of minimally invasive surgery vs laparotomy in patients with colon cancer residing in high-altitude areas.METHODS Ninety-two patients with colon cancer in our hospital from January 2019 to February 2021 were selected and divided into the minimally invasive surgery and laparotomy groups using the random number table method,with 46 patients in each group.Minimally invasive surgery was performed in the minimally invasive group and laparotomy in the laparotomy group.Operative conditions,inflammatory index pre-and post-surgery,immune function index and complication probability were measured.RESULTS Operative duration was significantly longer and intraoperative blood loss and recovery time of gastrointestinal function were significantly less(all P<0.05)in the minimally invasive group than in the laparotomy group.The number of lymph nodes dissected was not significantly different.Before surgery,there were no significant differences in serum C-reactive protein,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-αlevels between the groups,whereas after surgery,the levels were significantly higher in the minimally invasive group(26.98±6.91 mg/L,146.38±11.23 ng/mL and 83.51±8.69 pg/mL vs 41.15±8.39 mg/L,186.79±15.36 ng/mL and 110.65±12.84 pg/mL,respectively,P<0.05).Furthermore,before surgery,there were no significant differences in CD3+,CD4+and CD4+/CD8+levels between the groups,whereas after surgery,the levels decreased in both groups,being significantly higher in the minimally invasive group(55.61%±4.39%,35.45%±3.67%and 1.30±0.35 vs 49.68%±5.33%,31.21%±3.25%and 1.13±0.30,respectively,P<0.05).Complication probability was significantly lower in the minimally invasive group(4.35%vs 17.39%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Laparoscopic minimally invasive procedures reduce surgical trauma and alleviate the inflammatory response and immune dysfunction caused by invasive operation.It also shortens recovery time and reduces complication probability.

Observations on the Preventive Effects of Anti-infective Treatment on Wound Infection in Emergency Surgery

Objective:To explore the preventive effects of anti-infective treatment on wound infection in emergency surgical trauma.Methods:180 patients in our hospital from 2019 to June to May 2020 were selected as subjects.The 180 patients were randomly divided into two groups.The control group had 90 cases and adopted the conventional treatment method,and the experimental group received anti-infective treatment.The wound healing,infection status,and patient satisfaction of the two groups of patients were analyzed.Results:The wound healing,infection status,and patient satisfaction of the experimental group were better than those of the control group.Conclusion:The application of anti-infective treatment to the prevention of wound infection in emergency surgical trauma can reduce the infection rate of the patients'incision and promote the recovery of patients.It is suitable for clinical applications.