SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION AND UTILIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE INLAND RIVERBASIN OF ARID NORTHWEST CHINA

Calculated in terms of surface runoff plus irrepeated groundwater, there is about 8. 67 ×1010m3 of total available water resources in the inland river basins of arid Northwest China. Water resources is the decisive factor for survival of oases and human being. But there have arisen several aspects of Serious eco-environment problems resulted from irrational exploitation and utilization. From now on, the development and utilization of water not only requires to promote regional economy, but also needs to protect and improve the environment based on their potential. Sustainable utilization needs to broaden new sources and saving water at first. Then three measures are recommended.

Further development and sustainable utilization mode of grassland tourism resources: a case study of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

Tourism resources are important foundation for the development of tourism industry.Grassland is not only a kind of important resource but also a great attraction to visitors.Therefore,the integrated development and sustainable utilization of grassland tourism resources are of great significance.This paper,based on the analysis of literatures and the current problems existing in grassland tourism,summarizes the speciality of grassland tourism development,deals nation as example and carries out empirical research.Based on the status quo of grassland tourism resources in Inner Mongolia,this study analyzes the characteristics of grassland tourism resources,the necessity and feasibility of integrated development,then proposes the following suggestions： idea for development,mode of development,regional cooperation,tourism products development,especially the three modes of development based on the resources conditions - the mode of relying on market,the mode of combination aggregation and the mode of relying on quality.

Establish Green Industry System,Improve the Comprehensive Utilization Level of Salt Lake Resources,and Create A New Pattern of Green Sustainable Development in Qaidam Basin

Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province has rich multiple complex resources with salt lakes as the core.These resources form a special condition for the development of green economy,having rare and particular nature.The

Earth Resources Exploitation and Sustainable Development: Geological and Engineering Perspectives

Earth resources are the essential basis for an economy of a country and well-being of her citizens. Their exploitation is a key factor in economic growth and development of the nation, but one that can have serious negative environmental and socio-economic impacts. Therefore it is important to understand their origin/occurrence and exploitation in terms of environmental sustainability. The human society has profited from exploitation of earth resources, precisely when energy use became much more efficient during the industrial era. Some of these earth resources (renewable and non-renewable) are oil and gas, coal, water, metal ore, wind, air etc. and their methods of exploitation are surface and subsurface mining methods [1]. Thus the geological perspectives of earth resources refer to origin and occurrence of these earth resources while the engineering perspectives refer to the processes involved in the extraction (mining), processing and utilization of the resources. To fulfill the requirement of sustainable development, the efficiency with which resources are utilized has to be improved. The main concerns associated with earth resources, therefore, are generally the costs and environmental impacts of extracting, transporting, and refining them. The economics of earth resources deals with the supply, demand and allocation of the resources.

STAGES AND POTENTIALITY OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT INARID NORTHWESTERN CHINA

The processes of water resources exploitation and utilization can be divided into three stages by water resources transformation, and the history, present situation and future trend of water resources development in piedmont areas around high mountains of arid northwestern China. The three stages are: the stage of surface water development (the first stage), the stage of comprehensive development of surface and ground water (the second stage) and the stage of economical development of water rare (the third stage). The three stages link each other and show the law and processes of water resources exploitation and utilization associated with social and technological progess. The economical water policy should run through the three stages. On this point, however, the third stage differs from the others, particularly, refering to irrigated agriculture. The third stage has more progressive significance because it breaks the traditional ideas on water resources development. According to our investigation and calculation, under present conditions of water resources development, the net used water is about 160 × 108 m3, accounting for 18% of the total water resources of northwestern China. The water resources have not ben fully develop. If the first stage is finished, the exploitable water can be increased by 91 %. After the second stage, furthermore, it can be increased by 216%.

Resource Utilization Pattern and Development in Hills——A Case for the Pindar Basin of Garhwal Himalaya, India

Agrarian system is well adapted in Himalayan eco-system. Hence, the people have adopted the traditional subsistence cereal farming and it becomes the main stay of Himalayan people. About 80 percent of the workable force is attached with agriculture and its allied practices, according to the census of 1991. Although, horticultural farming runs parallel with agriculture, its proportion in terms of land is quite less, resulted in a negligible place in the economy of the region. Human resources, mainly men are attached with national security after recruitment in Army. While, women play a vital and integrated role in maintaining the workable potential in the field of agriculture and are known as backbone of economy. An animal resource implies foremost and wider part in agricultural system and economy as well. Water resources are unutilized yet, while almost all the major rivers of our country are originated from and flowing through this region. Increasing population causes forest resources depletion. The economy of the region is rested either on 憈raditional cereal farming?or 憁oney order based?development, which could not take place due to its remoteness from the main streams of the country. The impact of modern technology with innovation in agricultural system remains impracticable due to unwillingness of people in one hand and on the other hand, adverse geographical conditions like topography, climate etc. which could not permit the uses of modern innovation in the field of agriculture. As for infra-structurally,this region is lacked behind, due to its inaccessibility. While, this region is bestowed with numerous rivers, many places for tourists and pilgrims, and huge forest resources. They might be used evenly in the development processes. The practice of tourism will help for the further development, particularly, in the wake of the newly born state, Uttaranchal. The present paper aims to evaluate the present potentiality of resources and their balanced utilization in the Pindar Basin. A precise study has been done on resource utilization, ecology and environment with keeping view in mind that more or less exploitation of resources could not influence the environment and the economy of the region.

Protect the Environment and Speed up the Sustainable Development of Chinese Agriculture

Strengthening the environmental protection, deepening rural reform, increasing agricultural input, and promoting a more stable and higher-speed growth of peasants＇ income, all of these are playing a very important role in the sustainable development of agriculture. The environment problems are not only economic problems, but also important political problems. And they constitute an urgent and arduous task that we meet, and need a long time to be conquered. Under the present new historical circumstances, we should establish a scientific development philosophy, strengthen the environment protection, and build up a harmonious society in which urban and rural areas are progressing coordinately.

Problems for water resources development in typical small karst drainage basins and countermeasures

In karst area water deficit is one of the main factors constraining sustainable economic development. In 1979 the comprehensive karstic observational field station was set up in Houzhai drainage basin located,\ in Puding county of Guizhou Province, which can represent most of the small karst drainage basins on the dividing line of the Guizhou Plateau. Geomorphology, water resources and water chemistry were investigated and observed. Based on comparisons of water supply with water demand and analysis of the main problems in water exploitation and utilization. it is found out that the water deficiency was not directly caused by the scarcity of natural water resources. The true reason is the insufficient capacity of water supply caused by the dismatch of the water and soil water resources which can be dealt with by building more irrigation works. Some solutions such as to build scientific basis for water exploitation and utilization and sustainable economic development in karst drainage basins on dividing line of the Guizhou Plateau.

Environmental issues and countermeasures in exploiting water resources of rivers

Based on affirming the tremendous benefits that water resources of rivers can provide in their exploitation, main environmental problems and their countermeasures have been proposed and analyzed in this paper. It is argued that multiple measures should be applied to solving those problems by simultaneously carrying out engineering measures, scientific research and also programs to cultivate the society’s awareness, aimed at a sustainable development strategy for exploiting water resources.

RAINWATER UTILIZATION IN SEMI-ARID HILLY REGION OF NORTH CHINA-A CASE STUDY FROM YUANSHI COUNTY OF HEBEI PROVINCE

By reviewing the long-term struggle with drought, previous studies and practice of rainwater Utilization, the authors conclude that the Utilization ways of rainwater resource and development mode of rainwater agriculture in semi-arid Nodri China are 'to develop rainwater colledion, storag and saving simultaneously'. Rogional water crisis is becoming more and more serious and linhted social development. Facing this problem, the authors propose water resources development strategies and long-term regional water control measures which take rainwater as a main body for sustainable utilization.

Ways to Achieve Sustainable Development for the Steel Enterprises

Sustainable development strategy is the only choice for steel companies in China. Starting with environment protection, energy-saving and integrated resource utilization, supported by technology advancement and environmental investment, sustainable development strategy can be implemented to drive the circular economy. Thereby, the responsibility to realize the long-term harmony and synergy between society and enterprises is taken by Baosteel.

Issues and solutions of China’s generation resource utilization based on sustainable development

With the rapid development of its national economy,China has become a major producer and consumer of energy.To guarantee the sustainable development of power industry and national economy,China should exploit fossil and renewable energy efficiently according to the development situation of generation resources.Firstly,this paper analyzes the utilization status of main generation resources in China,such as coal,hydropower and wind energy.Secondly,this paper illustrates the STEP model,which analyzes some issues for China’s generation resource utilization from political,economic,social and technological aspects.For example,the resource distribution is inconsistent with electricity demand,the renewable energy power output is intermittent,and there is some disruption in coal mining.Finally,combined with the utilization status and issues,this paper presents some improvement approaches from the perspectives of cost,efficiency and external influence.

Optimization Model to Enhance Sustainable Utilization of Resources

Resources are material foundation for sustainable development. To enhance resources utilization is the key factor for realizing sustainable development. Based on the idea of sustainable development, the paper establishes the model to effectively distribute resources and proposes a method for studies on sustainable development.

Utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of Chinese dietary patterns

Exploring the utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of dietary patterns is of great significance in achieving sustainable global food consumption and the effective allocation of national resources.Our selected study area was China,a country with rapidly changing dietary consumption patterns,and the research period was between 1987 and 2020.Based on the material called Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2021,this study introduced the“virtual water”and the“virtual land”to quantify the utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of Chinese dietary patterns.Results showed that the dietary patterns gradually changed from“cereal-vegetable-based consumption”to“diversified consumption”.Food consumption’s total water footprint(WF)increased from 471.1 Gm3in 1987 to 848.8 Gm3in 2020,with a growth rate of 80.2%.Moreover,the total land requirement for food(LRF)increased from 88.8 Mha in 1987 to 129.9 Mha in 2020,with a growth rate of 46.3%.Furthermore,the meat consumption was the major contributor to the increase in total WF(104.0%)and LRF(102.1%).In contrast to the balanced diet pattern,there was no waste of water-land resources consumption for the food consumption of urban-rural residents in China between 1987 and 2020.However,the consumption of water resources would gradually approach the resource cost under the balanced diet patterns.It would eventually break through the critical value and reach the state of resource waste.In addition,the findings showed that urban residents’waste rate of water-land resources for meat consumption increased by 142.3%compared with that in 1987.The research results can provide scientific guidance for resolving the food crisis under the supply of water-land resources in China and have an essential reference for national food security and sustainable development of resources and environment.

低碳绿色背景下体育场馆的建设理念

文章探讨了体育场馆中生态建设与可持续发展之间的关系。针对体育场馆建设和运营中的环境问题,包括能源消耗与碳排放、环境污染以及资源浪费,提出了一系列解决方案。通过采用可再生能源、太阳能光伏清洁能源和优化能源效率等措施,可以降低体育场馆的能源消耗和碳排放。通过引入碳抵消机制和碳减排措施,体育场馆可以实现碳中和碳减排的目标。同时,通过建立合理的废物管理系统、推行循环经济理念和引入新技术,可以将废物转化为资源,实现资源的可持续利用。

农业废弃物资源化利用现状研究进展

农业废弃物资源化利用是当前解决农业废弃物堆积、资源浪费及环保问题的有效方法之一。该文从农业废弃物的定义、农业废弃物的分类及主要特征、农业废弃物资源化利用途径、农业废弃物资源化利用存在的问题及建议方面进行综述,旨在为更好地推进农业废弃物资源化利用提供理论参考。

干化技术对酒糟生物质资源化利用的影响

经济高效的干化技术对于包括农林废弃物、制革废弃物和工业有机固废等生物质的资源化转化利用至关重要。中国白酒产量巨大,为国家经济发展和人民物质需求带来贡献的同时,也产生了大量的废弃酒糟。废弃酒糟具有含水量高、酸度高、易霉变等问题,不易处理,导致其资源化利用一直面临困难。高效、低成本的酒糟干化技术对于其资源化利用具有决定性意义。因此,文章介绍了不同工艺酒糟的特点,详细综述了多种酒糟干化预处理技术与资源化利用技术,以期为酒糟的资源化、能源化转化利用提供借鉴,为酿酒行业在“双碳”背景下的绿色可持续发展和转型升级奠定基础。

农村能源与信息技术研究现状与展望

农村地区作为全球能源消耗的重要组成部分,面临着能源供应不足、能源利用低效以及环境污染等挑战。为了解决这些问题并推动农村地区的可持续发展,农村能源技术的发展逐渐成为关注的焦点。本研究在介绍农村能源利用现状的基础上,从对农村能源供应不足、利用率低、对传统能源依赖以及造成的环境污染4个方面分析农村能源存在的问题,介绍了农村能源与信息技术相结合取得的进展。最后,从制定全面的政策框架以及建立合作机制,加强基础设施建设以及监管和政策执行,促进绿色能源、数字化农业等方面提出了相应的政策建议,并从发展可再生能源技术、进行能源整合、开发智能能源管理系统等方面推动农村能源与信息技术全面、健康和可持续发展展望了能源信息技术对农村地区发展的积极影响。

尾矿的综合利用及可持续发展研究与对策

本文旨在探讨尾矿的可持续发展问题,通过分析尾矿处理、再利用和资源化等方面的研究,提出一系列尾矿可持续发展的策略和建议。本文首先介绍了尾矿的定义和产生背景,然后分析了尾矿处理的现状和存在的问题,接着介绍了尾矿再利用和资源化的研究进展,最后提出了尾矿可持续发展的策略和建议。

Urban development and resource endowments shape natural resource utilization efficiency in Chinese cities

Improving the efficiency with which natural resources are utilized is an indispensable for achieving sustainable development and carbon neutrality. By analyzing the utilization efficiency of energy, water, and land, we established a comprehensive natural resource utilization efficiency index(NRUEI). We then calculated the 2016 index for 165 cities in China,and investigated what caused it to vary. We found three main results:(1) the NRUEI varied greatly across China and there were significant positive correlations between urban energy utilization efficiency(EUE), water utilization efficiency(WUE) and land utilization efficiency(LUE);(2) the NRUEI showed a significant positive correlation with a city’s population size,economy(Gross Domestic Product(GDP)), and the level of urban social development(GDP per capita);(3) cities in East China have the highest natural resource utilization efficiency,while cities in Northeast China have the lowest. These results indicate that China’s increasing urban development is associated with rising natural resource utilization efficiency and that the city’s endowment of natural resources is an important factor affecting that efficiency. Further, the results showed that the determinants of a city’s NRUEI differed in large and small cities. Lastly, our results suggest that improving EUE is key for improving NRUEI in urban China, and different efficiencies can be improved intertwined. A major takeaway of this study is that there is great potential for improving natural resource utilization efficiency in Chinese cities and we include city-specific suggestions for efficiency improvements.