Soil erosion is a global phenomenon, which results in sedimentation and siltation of reservoirs of major rivers. Remote sensing data provide a synoptic view from which several surface parameters can be derived to asse...Soil erosion is a global phenomenon, which results in sedimentation and siltation of reservoirs of major rivers. Remote sensing data provide a synoptic view from which several surface parameters can be derived to assess the sedimentation yield in the reservoirs. Hence estimation of sediment yield has become one of the important tasks for planners, engineers and decision makers. The present study in Govindsagar catchment, Lalitpur District, Uttar Pradesh (India), has been carried out using IRS LISS III data to analyse land use/cover characteristics besides drainage basin characterstics. Subsequently, Sediment Yield Index (SYI) of Govindsagar catchment has been estimated using surface derivatives and morphometric parameters using empirical formulae. Integration of results obtained from satellite data and morphometric analysis suggests that the Govindsagar catchment has very low rate of sediment yield i.e. 0.07 ha·m/year indicating a gentle slope and sustainable land use practices in the catchment. Low sediment yield also suggests less erosion in the catchment areas and healthy land use/cover scenario.展开更多
研究了长期不同施肥方式对潮土区土壤有机碳、全氮含量的影响,以期为小麦高产稳产及培肥技术提供指导。以长期定位肥料试验为平台,选择4个处理:不施肥(CK)、氮磷钾化肥(NPK)、氮磷钾化肥配施有机肥(MNPK)、氮磷钾化肥配施秸秆还田(SNPK...研究了长期不同施肥方式对潮土区土壤有机碳、全氮含量的影响,以期为小麦高产稳产及培肥技术提供指导。以长期定位肥料试验为平台,选择4个处理:不施肥(CK)、氮磷钾化肥(NPK)、氮磷钾化肥配施有机肥(MNPK)、氮磷钾化肥配施秸秆还田(SNPK)。测定1990-2018年间土壤有机碳、全氮含量及小麦产量。结果表明,施肥处理下小麦产量总体表现为上升趋势,其中前18 a SNPK和MNPK处理小麦产量大体上低于NPK处理,后11 a SNPK和MNPK处理大体上高于NPK处理,分别提高8.90%,8.93%。与CK相比,NPK、MNPK、SNPK处理均增加产量的稳定性;在施肥处理中,SNPK处理产量可持续性指数最高,为0.66。拟合方程表明,农田基础地力每增加1000 kg/hm^(2),肥料贡献率降低14.35~19.57百分点。长期施肥能提高土壤有机碳、全氮含量,其中MNPK处理有机碳、全氮提升作用最明显,年均增幅分别为0.158,0.014 g/kg。土壤全氮含量与有机碳含量呈现正相关(R2=0.620),有机碳含量每升高1 g/kg,土壤全氮含量增加0.078 g/kg。施肥可提高小麦产量,提升小麦产量稳定性和可持续性指数。在小麦-玉米轮作体系下,氮磷钾化肥配施秸秆还田最有利于维持可持续生产能力。氮磷钾化肥配施有机肥可有效提高土壤有机碳、全氮含量。在潮土区施有机肥及秸秆还田是提升土壤肥力和保障可持续利用的重要措施。展开更多
文摘Soil erosion is a global phenomenon, which results in sedimentation and siltation of reservoirs of major rivers. Remote sensing data provide a synoptic view from which several surface parameters can be derived to assess the sedimentation yield in the reservoirs. Hence estimation of sediment yield has become one of the important tasks for planners, engineers and decision makers. The present study in Govindsagar catchment, Lalitpur District, Uttar Pradesh (India), has been carried out using IRS LISS III data to analyse land use/cover characteristics besides drainage basin characterstics. Subsequently, Sediment Yield Index (SYI) of Govindsagar catchment has been estimated using surface derivatives and morphometric parameters using empirical formulae. Integration of results obtained from satellite data and morphometric analysis suggests that the Govindsagar catchment has very low rate of sediment yield i.e. 0.07 ha·m/year indicating a gentle slope and sustainable land use practices in the catchment. Low sediment yield also suggests less erosion in the catchment areas and healthy land use/cover scenario.
文摘研究了长期不同施肥方式对潮土区土壤有机碳、全氮含量的影响,以期为小麦高产稳产及培肥技术提供指导。以长期定位肥料试验为平台,选择4个处理:不施肥(CK)、氮磷钾化肥(NPK)、氮磷钾化肥配施有机肥(MNPK)、氮磷钾化肥配施秸秆还田(SNPK)。测定1990-2018年间土壤有机碳、全氮含量及小麦产量。结果表明,施肥处理下小麦产量总体表现为上升趋势,其中前18 a SNPK和MNPK处理小麦产量大体上低于NPK处理,后11 a SNPK和MNPK处理大体上高于NPK处理,分别提高8.90%,8.93%。与CK相比,NPK、MNPK、SNPK处理均增加产量的稳定性;在施肥处理中,SNPK处理产量可持续性指数最高,为0.66。拟合方程表明,农田基础地力每增加1000 kg/hm^(2),肥料贡献率降低14.35~19.57百分点。长期施肥能提高土壤有机碳、全氮含量,其中MNPK处理有机碳、全氮提升作用最明显,年均增幅分别为0.158,0.014 g/kg。土壤全氮含量与有机碳含量呈现正相关(R2=0.620),有机碳含量每升高1 g/kg,土壤全氮含量增加0.078 g/kg。施肥可提高小麦产量,提升小麦产量稳定性和可持续性指数。在小麦-玉米轮作体系下,氮磷钾化肥配施秸秆还田最有利于维持可持续生产能力。氮磷钾化肥配施有机肥可有效提高土壤有机碳、全氮含量。在潮土区施有机肥及秸秆还田是提升土壤肥力和保障可持续利用的重要措施。