Strictly non-blocking 4×4 silicon electro–optic switch matrix

The first path-independent insertion-loss（PILOSS） strictly non-blocking 4×4 silicon electro–optic switch matrix is reported. The footprint of this switch matrix is only 4.6 mm×1.0 mm. Using single-arm modulation, the crosstalk measured in this test is-13 dB --27 dB. And a maximum crosstalk deterioration of 6d B caused by two-path interference is also found.

A 4×2 switch matrix in QFN24 package for 0.5–3 GHz application

This paper presents a 4×2 switching matrix implemented in the Win 0.5 μm Ga As pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor process, it covers the 0.5–3 GHz frequency range. The switch matrix is composed of 4 SPDT switch whose two output ports can simultaneously select the input port and a 4 to 8 bit digital decoder,both the radio frequency（RF） part and the digital part are integrated into one single chip. The chip is packaged in a low cost QFN24 plastic package. On chip shunt, capacitors at the input ports are taken to compensate for the bonding wire inductance effect. The designed switch matrix shows a good measured performance： the insertion loss is less than 5.5 dB, the isolation is no worse than 30 dB, the return loss of input ports and output ports is better than –10 dB, the input 1 dB compression point is better than 25.6 dBm, and the OIP3 is better than 37 dBm. The chip size of the switch matrix is only 1.45×1.45 mm^2.

Global stabilization of linear periodically time-varying switched systems via matrix inequalities

In this paper, we address the stabilization problem for linear periodically time-varying switched systems. Using discretization technique, we derive new conditions for the global stabilizability in terms of the solution of matrix inequalities. An algorithm for finding stabilizing controller and switching strategy is presented.

N×N Clos Digital Cross-Connect Switch Using Quantum Dot Cellular Automata(QCA)

Quantum dot cellular automata(QCA)technology is emerging as a future technology which designs the digital circuits at quantum levels.The tech-nology has gained popularity in terms of designing digital circuits,which occupy very less area and less power dissipation in comparison to the present comple-mentary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)technology.For designing the rou-ters at quantum levels with non-blocking capabilities various multi-stage networks have been proposed.This manuscript presents the design of the N×NClos switch matrix as a multistage interconnecting network using quantum-dot cellular automata technology.The design of the Clos switch matrix presented in the article uses three input majority gates(MG).To design the 4×4 Clos switch matrix,a basic 2×2 switch architecture has been proposed as a basic mod-ule.The 2×2 switching matrix(SM)design presented in the manuscript utilizes three input majority gates.Also,the 2×2 SM has been proposed usingfive input majority gates.Two different approaches(1&2)have been presented for designing 2×2 SM usingfive input majority gates.The 2×2 SM design based on three input majority gate utilizes four zone clocking scheme to allow signal transmis-sion.Although,the clocking scheme used in 2×2 SM using three input MG and in 2×2 SM approach 1 usingfive input MG is conventional.The 2×2 SM approach 2 design,utilizes the clocking scheme in which clocks can be applied by electricfield generators easily and in turn the switch element becomes physically realizable.The simulation results conclude that the 2×2 SM is suitable for designing a 4×4 Clos network.A higher order of input-output switching matrix,supporting more number of users can utilize the proposed designs.

多策略融合的蛇优化算法及其应用

针对蛇算法寻优阶段交互性差,初始种群随机程度严重,易陷入局部最优解等问题,提出了一种多策略融合的蛇优化算法(multi-strategy snake optimizer, MSSO)。首先,利用正交矩阵对蛇种群进行初始化,使个体分布更加均匀;其次,设计探索开发阶段切换的自适应方程,用以替换原有的食物量与温度阈值,使算法进行自适应阶段切换;最后,使用联合反向选择策略替换算法原有的新个体孵化方法,提高算法收敛精度的同时加快算法收敛效率。选取10个基准测试函数从不同角度对MSSO算法进行实验,测试算法性能,分析各策略的有效性,并使用Wilcoxon秩和检验来证明算法显著性,通过两个工程应用仿真实验来验证MSSO的实用性。各实验结果表明MSSO较比较算法综合表现更优,证明MSSO算法改进在寻优能力、鲁棒性、实用性等方面均有所提升。

微波开关自动测试系统设计

针对当前微波开关指标测试流程复杂、测试方法自动化程度低问题,提出了一套集指标测试、数据采集和数据管理功能于一体的自动化测试系统;该系统基于微波开关生产及试验环节的实际使用需求,通过软件平台实现对通用测量仪器及遥控遥测设备、射频开关矩阵等设备的自动化控制,单次可满足最多16个微波开关的同步测试,可实现同轴型和波导型两类开关的S参数、切换时间、门限电压、接触电阻、跑荷等总计18种指标参数的测试和试验数据管理,达到了测试效率和试验质量的双提升。

面向不同训练内容的训练环境快速切换方法

训练环境中,传统的人工部署和配置切换方式效率低且易出错,不利于用户在不同训练对象和训练模式下对训练的灵活组织与应用。为满足当前训练需求,提出了一种面向不同训练内容的训练环境快速切换方法。首先,阐述了该方法的主要原理;然后,描述了训练科目编排优化、基于应用集群和容器调度的系统快速构建以及轻量级客户端集成3种关键技术;最后,给出了应用实例。应用实例表明,该方法实现了训练内容快速切换和训练资源动态重组,提升了训练效能。

一种基于Clos网络的新型4×4全交换开关矩阵

文中首次将Clos网络结构应用于4×4全交换开关矩阵中,采用多芯片模组技术将低温共烧陶瓷(LTCC)和双刀双掷芯片进行集成化设计。新设计克服了传统单刀四掷方案接口数量多、布线复杂的缺点,以更为简捷的拓扑形式实现了全交换功能。该设计结合LTCC多层堆叠工艺和具体芯片接口,给出了切实可行的叠层结构和互连方案,并以此研制出一款驻波优良、通道一致性好、隔离度高的C频段4×4开关矩阵。文中设计实现方法简单、可靠,适用于其他形式或更高频率的开关矩阵设计。

基于FPGA的BGA产品自动测试系统

射频复合基板和标准射频BGA的集成方式在新一代射频电路集成设计中得到了广泛的应用。为应对BGA产品量大、种类多导致的测试难和效率低问题,研究了一套通用型的自动化测试系统,基于FPGA实现了对产品的供电、状态以及测试夹具中开关矩阵、直流电机的控制,使测试效率和稳定性大幅提升。

矩阵语言框架模型下中文教师语码转换研究

文章以矩阵语言框架模型为理论基础,探讨了中文教师在以中文为矩阵语言、英语为嵌入语的教学中,汉—英语码转换的词类特点和语法规则。研究发现:中文教师在课堂进行语码转换时以名词、动词、形容词等实词为主要转码对象,借助英语解释帮助学生理解词汇;中文教师在进行语码转换时基本遵循矩阵语言即汉语的语法规则;综合课语码转换频率高于语法课,新课的语码转换频率高于复习课;教学法越多样,学生年龄越低的课堂,语码转换越多。相关结论对中文教学具有一定启示作用。

基于矢量网络分析仪的多通道测试系统的设计与实现

为解决多通道装备的测试问题,本文介绍了一种多通道测试系统的设计方法,通过采用矢量网络分析仪及开关矩阵组合,利用软件控制测试系统并设计误差模型,快速完成了多通道装备的参数测试,提高了测试精度及测试效率。

无线电能传输零电压开关角跟踪和动态电容补偿矩阵复合控制策略

为了保证动态无线电能传输(DWPT)系统工作于较高的电能传输效率和传输功率,减小由于系统参数变化导致的传输功率和传输效率的下降。该文提出一种零电压开关角(ZVSA)跟踪和动态电容补偿矩阵(DCCM)相结合的无线电能传输系统频率跟踪控制策略。采用电流传感器来获取谐振电流的相位,并利用处理器产生的参考信号来测量谐振电流的相位。微控制根据频率漂移的程度计算补偿电容的大小,粗略地将自然谐振频率调至85 kHz,然后系统自动跟踪谐振电流相位,对谐振频率精确跟踪。该方法通过直接对相位检测电路输出的直流信号进行采样,轻松地获取高频电流的相位,大大降低了对微控制器的占用。该文提出的控制策略和系统结构结合了模拟电路和数字控制的优点,不仅对系统参数变化有高动态响应,而且极大地节省了处理器资源。

State Feedback Sliding Mode Control without Chattering by Constructing Hurwitz Matrix for AUV Movement

This paper presents a new method to eliminate the chattering of state feedback sliding mode control （SMC） law for the mobile control of an autonomous underwater vehicle （AUV） which is nonlinear and suffers from unknown disturbances system. SMC is a well-known nonlinear system control algorithm for its anti-disturbances capability, while the chattering on switch surface is one stiff question. To dissipate the well-known chattering of SMC, the switching manifold is proposed by presetting a Hurwitz matrix which is deducted from the state feedback matrix. Meanwhile, the best switching surface is achieved by use of eigenvalues of the Hurwitz matrix. The state feedback control parameters are not only applied to control the states of AUV but also connected with coefficients of switching surface. The convergence of the proposed control law is verified by Lyapunov function and the robust character is validated by the Matlab platform of one AUV model.

Delay-dependent robust H∞ control for a class of uncertain switched systems with time delay

For linear switched system with both parameter uncertainties and time delay, a delay-dependent sufficient condition for the existence of a new robust H∞ feedback controller was formulated in nonlinear matrix inequalities solvable by an LMI-based iterative algorithm. Compared with the conventional state-feedback controller, the proposed controller can achieve better robust control performance since the delayed state is utilized as additional feedback information and the parameters of the proposed controllers are changed synchronously with the dynamical characteristic of the system. This design method was also extended to the case where only delayed state is available for the controller. The example of balancing an inverted pendulum on a cart demonstrates the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed design methods.

Exponential stabilization of networked control systems and design of switching controller

This paper deals with the problem of switching between an open-loop estimator and a close-loop estimator for compensating transmission error and packet dropout of networked control systems. Switching impulse is considered in order to reduce the error between theory and application, a sufficient condition for exponential stabilization of networked control systems under a given switching rule is presented by multiple Lyapunov-like functions. These results are presented for both continuous-time and discrete-time domains. Controllers are designed by means of linear matrix inequalities. Sim- ulation results show the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.

Observer-based robust H-infinity control for uncertain switched systems

The problem of observer-based robust H-infinity control is addressed for a class of linear discrete-time switched systems with time-varying norm-bounded uncertainties by using switched Lyapunov function method. None of the individual subsystems is assumed to be robustly H-infinity solvable. A novel switched Lypunov function matrix with diagonal-block form is devised to overcome the difficulties in designing switching laws. For robust H-infinity stability analysis, two linear-matrix-inequality-based sufficient conditions are derived by only using the smallest region function strategy if some parameters are preselected. Then, the robust H-infinity control synthesis is studied using a switching state feedback and an observer-based switching dynamical output feedback. All the switching laws are simultaneously constructively designed. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the validity of the results.

Finite-time stability and stabilization of Markovian switching stochastic systems with impulsive effects

Many practical systems in physics, biology, engineer- ing and information science exhibit impulsive dynamical behaviors due to abrupt changes at certain instants during the dynami- cal processes. The problems of finite-time stab!lity analysis are investigated for a class of Markovian switching stochastic sys- tems, in which exist impulses at the switching instants. Multiple Lyapunov techniques are used to derive sufficient conditions for finite-time stochastic stability of the overall system. Furthermore, a state feedback controller, which stabilizes the closed loop sys- tems in the finite-time sense, is then addressed. Moreover, the controller appears not only in the shift part but also in the diffu- sion part of the underlying stochastic subsystem. The results are reduced to feasibility problems involving linear matrix inequalities （LMIs）. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the proposed methodology.

Mean square stability of recurrent neural networks with random delay and Markovian switching

To establish easily proved conditions under which the random delayed recurrent neural network with Markovian switching is mean-square stability,the evolution of the delay was modeled by a continuous-time homogeneous Markov process with a finite number of states.By employing Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals and conducting stochastic analysis,a linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach was developed to derive the criteria for mean-square stability,which can be readily checked by some standard numerical packages such as the Matlab LMI Toolbox.A numerical example was exploited to show the usefulness of the derived LMI-based stability conditions.

飞机电缆智能绝缘检测系统

针对飞机大修过程中传统的线缆绝缘检测需要大量的人工重复工作、测试人员用工多、测试项目无法自动执行的问题,提出了一种基于自动线路切换的智能电缆绝缘检测系统。系统硬件部分主要包括绝缘检测模块、高压输出切换矩阵、嵌入式控制主机等。控制主机通过GPIO与线路切换矩阵相连,线路切换矩阵按照要求将测试高压送给指定的线缆,控制主机接收来自绝缘电阻检测模块的检测结果。软件部分具有待测线缆选择、检测参数调整、检测执行以及检测结果记录分析等功能。实测结果表明该检测系统检测结果满足检测误差要求,可自动执行系统的自动化检测流程,检测过程更加简单高效。