Nephrotic syndrome in syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: A case report

BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)is widely used in the treatment of hematological diseases.However,complications after transplantation,such as acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease(GVHD),still seriously affect the quality of life and even threaten the lives of patients.There is evidence that glomerular diseases can manifest as GVHD.However,GVHD should not occur as a result of syngeneic HSCT.CASE SUMMARY A 20-year-old male diagnosed with T lymphoblastic lymphoma(stage IIIA,aaIPI 1)in September 2013 was treated with six cycles of hyper-CVAD and achieved complete remission.He underwent syngeneic HSCT in June 2014,and had no kidney disease history before the transplant.However,nephrotic syndrome occurred 24 mo later in the patient after syngeneic HSCT.Renal biopsy was performed,which led to a diagnosis of atypical membranous nephropathy.After treatment with glucocorticoids combined with cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine,the nephrotic syndrome was completely relieved.CONCLUSION We report a case of delayed nephrotic syndrome after syngeneic HSCT.Antibodymediated autoimmune glomerular disease may be the underlying mechanism.After treatment with immunosuppressive agents,the nephrotic syndrome was completely relieved but further long-term follow-up is still needed.

Biological behaviors of two novel syngeneic human osteosarcoma cell lines

Objective To characterize and compare the different biological behaviors of two novel human osteosarcoma cell lines,Zos and Zos-M,established respectively from the primary site and the skip metastasis of an osteosarcoma patient.Methods Two

Tumor Antigen-pulsed CD8α^+ Dendritic Cells Induce T Cell-mediated Graft-versus-tumor Effect In Vitro

The graft-versus-tumor （GVT） effect of T cells induced by tumor antigen-pulsed CD8α＋ dendritic cells （DCs） in vitro was investigated in this study. Immature CD8c（DCs were prepared from C57BL/6 （H-2b） bone marrow cells by using a cytokine cocktail. On the 3rd day of culture, CD8α＋ DCs were pulsed by allogeneic （Balb/c, H-2d） EL9611 leukemia antigen, or RM-1 syngeneic prostate cancer antigen, with the concentration series of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 μg/mL, respectively, then antigen-loaded immature CD8α＋ DCs were co-cultured with syngeneic T cells according to the DC/T ratio of 1：1, 2：1 and 4：1. T cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Cytokines including interferon gamma （IFN-γ） and interleukin-10 （IL-10） in CD8α＋ DCs and T co-culture supernatant were detected by using ELI SA. Cytotoxic effect of antigen-specific T cells was tested by LDH release assay. Conventional mature DCs （mDCs） induced, from C57BL/6 （H-2b） bone marrow cells by using granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor （GM-CSF） and interleukin-4 （IL-4） served as a control. The results showed that the proliferative activity of T cells stimulated by CD8α＋ DCs loaded with allogeneic or syngeneic tumor antigen was augmented with the CD8＆ DC/T ratio increased （P〈0.05）. When antigen concentration 〈 5 μg/mL and CD8a＋ DC/T ratio 〈 2：1, the ability of CD8α＋ DCs to stimulate T cell proliferation was higher than mDC control in allogeneic tumor antigen-pulsed groups （P〈0.05）, but not in syngeneic tumor antigen-pulsed groups （P〉0.05）. The level of IFN-γ and IL-10 in CD8α＋DCs and T cell co-culture supernatant were increased in both allogeneic and syngeneic antigen-pulsed groups （P〈0.05）, and the cytokine level was higher in allogeneic antigen-pulsed groups than in syngeneic antigen groups when the CD8α＋ DC/T was 1：1 or 2：1 （P〈0.05）. There existed a negative correlation between the level of IL-10 and T cell proliferation. T cell cytotoxieity assay showed that when CD8α＋ DCs were pulsed with allogeneic tumor antigen, the maximal T cell killing efficiency could reach （100±7.7）%, whereas syngeneic tumor antigen-pulsed group had only （65.0±3.4）%. It was concluded that syngeneic and allogeneic tumor antigen-pulsed immature CD8α＋ DCs could stimulate T cells to exert the GVT effect in vitro, and the GVT effect was more obvious with allogeneic tumor antigen than with syngeneic tumor antigen. The optimal condition was low allogeneic tumor antigen pulsation （〈 5 μg/mL） and low CD8α＋ DC/T ratio （1：1 and 2：1）.

Mouse models of epithelial ovarian cancer for preclinical studies

Epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC) is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related mortality in the developed world. EOC is a heterogeneous disease represented by several histological and molecular subtypes. Therefore, exploration of relevant preclinical animal models that consider the heterogenic nature of EOC is of great importance for the development of novel therapeutic strategies that can be translated clinically to combat this devastating disease. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the development of preclinical mouse models for EOC study as well as their advantages and limitations.

Assessing Possibilities and Limitations for Biomarker Analyses on Outcrop Samples:A Case Study on Carbonates of the Shibantan Member (Ediacaran Period, Dengying Formation, South China)

The Shibantan Member（Dengying Formation, South China） represents one of only two carbonate settings with Ediacara-type organisms and offers a rare opportunity to study the biogeochemistry of these ecosystems. To evaluate possibilities and limitations for future biomarker studies on fossil-bearing outcrop samples of the Shibantan Member, we analysed the spatial distribution of hydrocarbons in extractable organic matter（i.e. bitumen） on a millimetre scale. Our study demonstrates that the sample and most likely also other rocks from the same setting are contaminated with petroleum-derived compounds that bear the potential for erroneous interpretations in palaeo-reconstructions. The contamination was revealed by distribution patterns and amounts of extractable n-alkanes and acyclic isoprenoids. The contamination is linked to the external weathering surfaces but also to cracks within the rock, and the extent most likely depends on concentration gradients between these contamination sources. Here we show that contamination can successfully be distinguished from syngenetic signals obtained from non-extractable organic matter（i.e. kerogen） using catalytic hydropyrolysis（Hy Py）. However, we observed that decalcification is necessary to achieve sufficient yields of kerogen-bound hydrocarbons and to avoid artificial alteration of the biomarker signals due to matrix effects.

RhoMed与Syngene联手开发患者特异性单抗调合剂

RhoMed已找到技术搭挡,着手开发采用市场现有的单克隆抗体混合而成的,特异于患者的“鸡尾酒”制剂。Syngene(Rotterdam,Netherlands)和RhoMed(Albuquerque,NM)联手建立风险公司,以开发诊断与治疗结肠癌的混合单抗制剂。Syngene将贡献其以稳定细胞系生产人单抗的专有技术。

快速凝胶分析软件

Syngene公司已经推出新的软件Dymension，这一革命性的软件可以让研究蛋白组学的科学家在数秒时间内准确分析2-D凝胶结果，而不是数分钟或数小时。Dymension具有发现斑点的新算法，可以对斑点快速编辑和自动校正，排除了费时的成像编辑过程。包括结果和报告生成，整个过程只需要几分钟。据公司介绍，Dymension已经通过了科研机构广泛的测验，证明这款新软件比其他领先的2-D凝胶分析软件更快速，分析结果更准确，更容易使用。