A comparison of the new specimen with the holotype of Eosipterus from western Liaoning Province indicates that Eosipterus is a valid genus, which belongs to the family Ctenochasmatidae. The revised diagnosis of Eosipt...A comparison of the new specimen with the holotype of Eosipterus from western Liaoning Province indicates that Eosipterus is a valid genus, which belongs to the family Ctenochasmatidae. The revised diagnosis of Eosipterus includes the wing span is less than 1.25 meters, the length of the ulna is nearly equal to these of wing phalanx 2 and the tibia, humerus is longer than tibia, and the ratio of metatarsal to tibia is approximately 0.40.展开更多
Genera Lamiophlomis and Paraphlomis were originally separated from genus Phlomis s.1. on the basis of particular morphological characteristics. However, their relationship was highly contentious, as evidenced by the l...Genera Lamiophlomis and Paraphlomis were originally separated from genus Phlomis s.1. on the basis of particular morphological characteristics. However, their relationship was highly contentious, as evidenced by the literature. In the present paper, the systematic positions of Lamiophlomis, Paraphlomis, and their related genera were assessed based on nuclear internal transcribed spacer （ITS） and chloroplast rpl16 and trnL-F sequence data using maximum parsimony （MP） and Bayesian methods. and outgroup were sampled. Analyses of both separate In total, 24 species representing six genera of the ingroup and combined sequence data were conducted to resolve the systematic relationships of these genera. The results reveal that Lamiophlomis is nested within Phlomis sect. Phlomoides and its generic status is not supported. With the inclusion ofLamiophlomis rotata in sect. Phlomoides, sections Phlomis and Phlomoides of Phlomis were resolved as monophyletic. Paraphlomis was supported as an independent genus. However, the resolution of its monophyly conflicted between MP and Bayesian analyses, suggesting the need for expended sampling and further evidence.展开更多
Gastrochilus wolongensis(Orchidaceae),a new orchid species from Sichuan Province,Southwest China,is described and illustrated.It morphologically resembles G.sinensis,but differs markedly from the latter in having blac...Gastrochilus wolongensis(Orchidaceae),a new orchid species from Sichuan Province,Southwest China,is described and illustrated.It morphologically resembles G.sinensis,but differs markedly from the latter in having black-purple stripes(vs.purplish-red spots)on the adaxial side of the petals and sepals,a reniform epichile densely covered with long papillate hairs(vs.sparsely pubescent)with purplish-red spots(vs.unspotted),and outside the sac of the hypochile with purplish-red stripes(vs.purplish-red spotted).The molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosome internal transcribed spacer(nrITS)and four chloroplast DNA fragments(matK,psbA-trnH,psbM-trnD,and trnL-F)of 36 Gastrochilus species showed that G.wolongensis was closely related to G.ciliaris and G.formosanus.展开更多
Droplet migration in plane Poiseuille flow is numerically investigated with a dissipative particle dynamics method.The single droplet deformation in the channel flow is first studied to verify the current method and t...Droplet migration in plane Poiseuille flow is numerically investigated with a dissipative particle dynamics method.The single droplet deformation in the channel flow is first studied to verify the current method and the physical model.The effect of the viscosity ratio between the droplet and the solvent and the effect of the confinement are systematically investigated.The droplet is in an off-centerline equilibrium position with a specific selection of the parameters.A large viscosity ratio makes the droplet locate in a near-wall equilibrium position,and a large capillary number makes the droplet migrate to the near-centerline region of the channel.For the droplet migration at the same Capillary number,there is a critical width of the channel,which is less than twice of the droplet diameter,and the droplet will only migrate to the channel centerline if the width is less than this critical value.展开更多
文摘A comparison of the new specimen with the holotype of Eosipterus from western Liaoning Province indicates that Eosipterus is a valid genus, which belongs to the family Ctenochasmatidae. The revised diagnosis of Eosipterus includes the wing span is less than 1.25 meters, the length of the ulna is nearly equal to these of wing phalanx 2 and the tibia, humerus is longer than tibia, and the ratio of metatarsal to tibia is approximately 0.40.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province,as well as by a grant from the Technology Foundation and the National Key Project for Basic Research(973no.2007CB411600).
文摘Genera Lamiophlomis and Paraphlomis were originally separated from genus Phlomis s.1. on the basis of particular morphological characteristics. However, their relationship was highly contentious, as evidenced by the literature. In the present paper, the systematic positions of Lamiophlomis, Paraphlomis, and their related genera were assessed based on nuclear internal transcribed spacer （ITS） and chloroplast rpl16 and trnL-F sequence data using maximum parsimony （MP） and Bayesian methods. and outgroup were sampled. Analyses of both separate In total, 24 species representing six genera of the ingroup and combined sequence data were conducted to resolve the systematic relationships of these genera. The results reveal that Lamiophlomis is nested within Phlomis sect. Phlomoides and its generic status is not supported. With the inclusion ofLamiophlomis rotata in sect. Phlomoides, sections Phlomis and Phlomoides of Phlomis were resolved as monophyletic. Paraphlomis was supported as an independent genus. However, the resolution of its monophyly conflicted between MP and Bayesian analyses, suggesting the need for expended sampling and further evidence.
基金Our work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFE0203200)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(Grant No.2019QZKK0502)2022 Central Finance Forestry Grassland Ecological Protection and Restoration National Park Subsidy Project,2022 Subsidy Projects of Prohibited Developmental Areas from the Transfer Payment of the National Key Ecological Functional Areas,and Wild Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province.
文摘Gastrochilus wolongensis(Orchidaceae),a new orchid species from Sichuan Province,Southwest China,is described and illustrated.It morphologically resembles G.sinensis,but differs markedly from the latter in having black-purple stripes(vs.purplish-red spots)on the adaxial side of the petals and sepals,a reniform epichile densely covered with long papillate hairs(vs.sparsely pubescent)with purplish-red spots(vs.unspotted),and outside the sac of the hypochile with purplish-red stripes(vs.purplish-red spotted).The molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosome internal transcribed spacer(nrITS)and four chloroplast DNA fragments(matK,psbA-trnH,psbM-trnD,and trnL-F)of 36 Gastrochilus species showed that G.wolongensis was closely related to G.ciliaris and G.formosanus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dations of China(Grant Nos.11402230,11332009 and 11272284)
文摘Droplet migration in plane Poiseuille flow is numerically investigated with a dissipative particle dynamics method.The single droplet deformation in the channel flow is first studied to verify the current method and the physical model.The effect of the viscosity ratio between the droplet and the solvent and the effect of the confinement are systematically investigated.The droplet is in an off-centerline equilibrium position with a specific selection of the parameters.A large viscosity ratio makes the droplet locate in a near-wall equilibrium position,and a large capillary number makes the droplet migrate to the near-centerline region of the channel.For the droplet migration at the same Capillary number,there is a critical width of the channel,which is less than twice of the droplet diameter,and the droplet will only migrate to the channel centerline if the width is less than this critical value.
