Systematic Evaluation of Deep Neural Network based Dynamic Modeling Method for AC Power Electronic System

Since the high penetration of renewable energy complicates the dynamic characteristics of the AC power electronic system(ACPES),it is essential to establish an accurate dynamic model to obtain its dynamic behavior for ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.However,due to the no or limited internal control details,the state-space modeling method cannot be realized.It leads to the ACPES system becoming a black-box dynamic system.The dynamic modeling method based on deep neural network can simulate the dynamic behavior using port data without obtaining internal control details.However,deep neural network modeling methods are rarely systematically evaluated.In practice,the construction of neural network faces the selection of massive data and various network structure parameters.However,different sample distributions make the trained network performance quite different.Different network structure hyperparameters also mean different convergence time.Due to the lack of systematic evaluation and targeted suggestions,neural network modeling with high precision and high training speed cannot be realized quickly and conveniently in practical engineering applications.To fill this gap,this paper systematically evaluates the deep neural network from sample distribution and structural hyperparameter selection.The influence on modeling accuracy is analyzed in detail,then some modeling suggestions are presented.Simulation results under multiple operating points verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Systematic evaluation of the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy

Background:Botulinum toxin type A(BTX-A)is a neuromuscular blocking agent.BTX-A inhibits acetylcholine release,causes neuromuscular transmission impairment,and decreases muscle spasms.Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of BTX-A injection in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy through systematic evaluation and to provide a reference for the clinical use of BTX-A.Methods:We used“Cerebral palsy”and“BTX-A”as the subject terms and used a combination of subject terms and free words for the search.We searched 7 databases,including CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,Sinomed,PubMed,Embase,and Web of science.Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,we screened the articles by reading their titles,abstracts,and full texts and finally included relevant literature for systematic evaluation.Result:A total of 93 papers were systematically evaluated,revealing that BTX-A injection treatment can effectively reduce muscle tone,increase joint mobility,improve gait and motor posture,and enhance gross motor movements in patients with spastic cerebral palsy.The benefits of BTX-A treatment can be sustained for 3–6 months,with motor ability improvement lasting up to 1 year.Combining BTX-A treatment with rehabilitation or external fixation therapy can enhance its efficacy.However,the effectiveness of BTX-A treatment is influenced by several factors,such as the dosage,number of injections,and patient age.Adverse reactions to BTX-A treatment are typically mild and can be relieved within 1–2 weeks.Conclusion:BTX-A injection is relatively safe but reversible.

Efficacy and safety of Yangxinshi tablet for chronic heart failure:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND The specific benefits of Yangxinshi tablet(YXST)in the treating chronic heart failure(CHF)remain uncertain.AIM To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of YXST in the treatment of CHF.METHODS Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)investigating YXST for CHF treatment were retrieved from eight public databases up to November 2023.Meta-analyses of the included clinical studies were conducted using Review Manager 5.3.RESULTS Twenty RCTs and 1845 patients were included.The meta-analysis results showed that the YXST combination group,compared to the conventional drug group,significantly increased the clinical efficacy rate by 23%[relative risk(RR)=1.23,95%CI:1.17-1.29],(P<0.00001),left ventricular ejection fraction by 6.69%[mean difference(MD)=6.69,95%CI:4.42-8.95,P<0.00001]and 6-min walk test by 49.82 m(MD=49.82,95%C:38.84-60.80,P<0.00001),and reduced N-terminal pro-Btype natriuretic peptide by 1.03 ng/L[standardized MD(SMD)=-1.03,95%CI:-1.32 to-0.74,P<0.00001],brain natriuretic peptide by 80.95 ng/L(MD=-80.95,95%CI:-143.31 to-18.59,P=0.01),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter by 3.92 mm(MD=-3.92,95%CI:-5.06 to-2.78,P<0.00001),and left ventricular endsystolic diameter by 4.34 mm(MD=-4.34,95%CI:-6.22 to-2.47,P<0.00001).Regarding safety,neither group reported any serious adverse events during treatment(RR=0.54,95%CI:0.15-1.90,P=0.33).In addition,Egger's test results indicated no significant publication bias(P=0.557).CONCLUSION YXST effectively improves clinical symptoms and cardiac function in patients with CHF while maintaining a favorable safety profile,suggesting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for CHF.

METHODOLOGICAL EVALUATION ON CLINICAL RESEARCH LITERATURE OF ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF FACIAL PARALYSIS

Objective: To try to give an objective evaluation on the clinical research situation about acupuncture treatment of facial paralysis in the past 50 years and try to provide a possible evidence for clinical practice. Methods: All papers are searched and assessed according to the international standards and clinical epidemiology. Results: There is no systematic review (SR) on acupuncture treatment of facial palsy in a total of 1021 articles enlisted in the present paper. Comparing with the quantity of the descriptive studies and expert opinions (constituting 84.84%), that of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical controlled trials (CCTs) is smaller (constituting 15.16%), besides, the quality of RCTs and CCTs is unsatisfactory. Conclusion: At present, the quantity and quality of studies with RCTs about acupuncture treatment of facial paralysis can’t meet the need of clinical practice, and in order to improve the therapeutic effect, a higher quality of RCTs and SR is required.

Systematic Evaluation (Meta-analysis) of the Efficacy and Safety of Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid (蒲地蓝消炎口服液) in the Treatment of Suppurutive Tonsillitis in Children

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral in Liquid(蒲地蓝消炎口服液)in the treatment of suppurative tonsillitis in children.In WanFang,CNKI,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase and Corchrane and other databases,relevant literatures about Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid(蒲地蓝消炎口服液)in the treatment of pediatric suppurative tonsillitis were searched.The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to April 2019.Relevant randomized controlled trials were extracted.The control group was treated with conventional antibiotics,and the observation group was treated with Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid(蒲地蓝消炎口服液)based on the control group.After they were summarized and analyzed,Cochrane Handbook 5.1 evaluation standard and RevMan 5.3 software were used to determine the quality of literature.A total of 172 literatures were retrieved and 23 randomized controlled trials were included.A total of 1188 children were in the experimental group while 1175 children were in the control group,involving 2363 children with suppurative tonsillitis.Meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate of Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid(蒲地蓝消炎口服液)combined with routine treatment was better than that of routine treatment(RR=0.88,95%CI(0.86,0.91),P<0.00001);Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid(蒲地蓝消炎口服液)combined with routine treatment in children was better than that of routine treatment alone in term of temperature recovery,sore throat time,the reduction of tonsil purulent secretion.There were few reports of adverse reactions and no serious adverse reactions.To sum up,Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid(蒲地蓝消炎口服液)combined with routine treatment can significantly improve the efficacy of children with suppurative tonsillitis,but due to the low quality of the included literature,it should be used cautiously.It is suggested that clinical randomized controlled trials should be designed with large sample size,multi-centers and conforming to international standards to improve the quality of evidence.

Systematic evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Parkinson's disease

BACKGROUND：To evaluate the quality of the literature addressing traditional Chinese medicine for treating Parkinson＇s disease.DATA SOURCE：A computer-based online search of Chinese publications from January 2001 to July 2008 was conducted in Chinese Biology Medical Disc Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Search key words were Parkinson＇s disease, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine therapy, and Chinese herb therapy.DATA SELECTION：Articles describing randomized, controlled trials and quasi-randomized, controlled trials were included. Literature quality was assessed using the criteria-Systematic evaluation of clinical literature related to treatment of Parkinson＇s disease with traditional Chinese medicine. This included methodology, interventions in the treatment/control group, evaluation criterion of outcomes, and frequency.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：Evaluation criterion of outcomes （various score methods and evaluation scales）, methodological quality, and frequency distribution were all measured.RESULTS：A total of 33 articles with randomized, controlled trials were included. Of these, six described a random method, and the remaining did not describe random allocation methods or random sequence generation methods. None of the studies estimated sample size. Case descriptions of withdrawal and loss to follow-up were unclear. Both the Unified Parkinson＇s Disease Rating Scale and Webster scale were used in the eligible studies as evaluation criteria.CONCLUSION：There are no high-quality studies that address traditional Chinese medicine therapy and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for treating Parkinson＇s disease in China. Eligible studies were not performed in accordance with Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement or Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture criteria, and the literature quality was low. The presently used criteria for evaluating therapeutic effects do not completely assess outcomes of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Parkinson＇s disease. The identification of precise outcomes should be verified using randomized, controlled studies with adequate controls and proper designs.

Systematic evaluation and Meta-analysis of acupuncture and collaterals cupping therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis

Objective:In order to obtain the best treatment program for Knee Osteoarthritis(KOA),to alleviate the pain of patients with KOA,and to systematically evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture cupping therapy for KOA.Methods:we used computer to search the databases of CNKI(1989-2018.10),Wanfang(1989-2018.10),VIP(1989-2018.10),PubMed(1966-2018.10),EMbase(1986-2018.10)and Cochrane Library(the 3rd issue of 2018).And the literature quality was evaluated by Jadad scale.Results:A total of 19 eligible RCT studies were included,and a total of 2,088 patients participated in the eligible clinical study.Meta-analysis results showed that the total effective rate OR combination=2.85[OR=3.98,95%CI(2.98,5.32),P<0.00001].The results showed that the curative effect of acupuncture and collaterals cupping in the treatment of KOA was superior to other therapies.Conclusion:Acupuncture and cupping therapy of traditional Chinese medicine is effective and safe in treating KOA.Due to the impact of the original study on Meta-analysis results,more large samples and high-quality clinical trials are still needed to verify.

Systematic Evaluation and Meta-analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of Qidongyixin Oral Liquid(芪冬颐心口服液)in the Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qidongyixin Oral Liquid(芪冬颐心口服液)in the treatment of coronary heart disease.Methods:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the treatment of coronary heart disease(CHD)with Qidongyixin Oral Liquid(芪冬颐心口服液)were screened out by systematically searching in CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,Sinomed,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Clinical-Trials.gov.Meta-analysis of the final included studies was performed according to RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 9 studies were included,with a total sample size of 1224 cases,including 612 in the experimental group and 612 in the control group.Metaanalysis results showed that:Conventional treatment,combined with Qidongyixin Oral Liquid(芪冬颐心口服液)on the treatment of CHD had a significant efficiency,which was better than conventional treatment only(RR=1.18,95%CI[1.07-1.29],P=0.0005),and could better improve patients’electrocardiogram(RR=1.21,95%CI[1.08,1.35],P=0.001),increase left ventricle ejection fraction(MD=3.84,95%CI[3.34,4.33],P<0.00001),and reduce left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(MD=-2.81,95%CI[-3.84,-2.41],P<0.00001)and left ventricular end-systolic diameter(MD=-2.43,95%CI[-3.42,-1.43],P<0.00001).Conclusion:Qidongyixin Oral Liquid(芪冬颐心口服液)can improve the effective rate of the treatment of coronary heart disease,better improve patients’electrocardiogram,reduce the left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameter,and reduce the onset time of angina pectoris.However,the quality of the cases included in the study is relatively small,and the level of evidence is low.Therefore,RCT with large samples and rigorous design is still needed to prove the reliability of the results.

Effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of Achilles tendon disease

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of Platelet-Rich Plasma(PRP)in the treatment of patients with Achilles tendon rupture(ATR)and Achilles tendinopathy(AT)has been controversial.AIM To assess PRP injections’effectiveness in treating ATR and AT.METHODS A comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted utilizing multiple databases such as Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,Chinese Science and Technology Journal,EMBASE,and China Biomedical CD-ROM.The present investigation integrated randomized controlled trials that assessed the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma injections in managing individuals with Achilles tendon rupture and tendinopathy.The eligibility criteria for the trials encompassed publications that were published within the timeframe of January 1,1966 to December 2022.The statistical analysis was performed utilizing the Review Manager 5.4.1,the visual analogue scale(VAS),Victorian Institute Ankle Function Scale(VISA-A),and Achilles Tendon Thickness were used to assess outcomes.RESULTS This meta-analysis included 13 randomized controlled trials,8 of which were randomized controlled trials of PRP for AT and 5 of which were randomized controlled trials of PRP for ATR.PRP for AT at 6 wk[weighted mean difference(WMD)=1.92,95%CI:-0.54 to 4.38,I2=34%],at 3 mo[WMD=0.20,95%CI:-2.65 to 3.05,I2=60%],and 6 mo[WMD=2.75,95%CI:-2.76 to 8.26,I2=87%)after which there was no significant difference in VISA-A scores between the PRP and control groups.There was no significant difference in VAS scores between the PRP group and the control group after 6 wk[WMD=6.75,95%CI:-6.12 to 19.62,I2=69%]and 6 mo[WMD=10.46,95%CI:-2.44 to 23.37,I2=69%]of treatment,and at mid-treatment at 3 mo[WMD=11.30,95%CI:7.33 to 15.27,I2=0%]after mid-treatment,the PRP group demonstrated better outcomes than the control group.Post-treatment patient satisfaction[WMD=1.07,95%CI:0.84 to 1.35,I2=0%],Achilles tendon thickness[WMD=0.34,95%CI:-0.04 to 0.71,I2=61%]and return to sport[WMD=1.11,95%CI:0.87 to 1.42,I2=0%]were not significantly different between the PRP and control groups.The study did not find any statistically significant distinction between the groups that received PRP treatment and those that did not,regarding the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles scores at 3 mo[WMD=-1.49,95%CI:-5.24 to 2.25,I2=0%],6 mo[WMD=-0.24,95%CI:-3.80 to 3.32,I2=0%],and 12 mo[WMD=-2.02,95%CI:-5.34 to 1.29,I2=87%]for ATR patients.Additionally,no significant difference was observed between the PRP and the control groups in improving Heel lift height respectively at 6 mo[WMD=-3.96,95%CI:-8.61 to 0.69,I2=0%]and 12 mo[WMD=-1.66,95%CI:-11.15 to 7.83,I2=0%]for ATR patients.There was no significant difference in calf circumference between the PRP group and the control group after 6 mo[WMD=1.01,95%CI:-0.78 to 2.80,I2=54%]and 12 mo[WMD=-0.55,95%CI:-2.2 to 1.09,I2=0%]of treatment.There was no significant difference in ankle mobility between the PRP and control groups at 6 mo of treatment[WMD=-0.38,95%CI:-2.34 to 1.58,I2=82%]and after 12 mo of treatment[WMD=-0.98,95%CI:-1.41 to-0.56,I2=10%]there was a significant improvement in ankle mobility between the PRP and control groups.There was no significant difference in the rate of return to exercise after treatment[WMD=1.20,95%CI:0.77 to 1.87,I2=0%]and the rate of adverse events[WMD=0.85,95%CI:0.50 to 1.45,I2=0%]between the PRP group and the control group.CONCLUSION The use of PRP for AT improved the patient’s immediate VAS scores but not VISA-A scores,changes in Achilles tendon thickness,patient satisfaction,or return to sport.Treatment of ATR with PRP injections alone improved long-term ankle mobility but had no significant effect on VISA-A scores,single heel lift height,calf circumference or return to sport.Additional research employing more extensive sampling sizes,more strict experimental methods,and standard methodologies may be necessary to yield more dependable and precise findings.

Efficacy and Safety of Ginkgo Biloba Tincture(银杏叶酊) Combined with Conventional Medication in the Treatment of Cerebral Infarction: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objective:To analyze the efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba tincture combined with conventional medication in the treatment of cerebral infarction by systematic evaluation.Methods:Searched the randomized controlled trials of Ginkgo biloba tincture in treating cerebral infarction.English literatures were searched from PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library and Web of Science,and Chinese literatures were searched from Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP)and Wanfang Medical Database.At the same time,we searched dissertations,conference papers,and found relevant unpublished research results reports.Literature quality was evaluated using a"bias risk assessment tool"and Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 software(from the Cochrane Collaboration).A total of 29 literatures were retrieved,and finally 4 literatures meeting the standards were included.There were 455 samples involved,including 244 cases in the experimental group and 211 cases in the control group.Results:①Effectiveness analysis:The total effective rate of Ginkgo biloba tincture combined with routine treatment was better than that of the control group[RR=1.26,95%CI(1.07,1.47),P=0.005].The hematocrit of Ginkgo biloba tincture combined with conventional treatment was significantly better than that of conventional treatment alone(P<0.05),The neurological deficits of Ginkgo biloba tincture combined with routine therapy was significantly improved(P<0.05).After Ginkgo biloba tincture combined with conventional therapy,the scores of mini-mental state examination(MMSE),activity daily living scale(ADL)and MOSSF-36 quality of life scale were significantly better than those of the control group(P<0.05).②Safety analysis:3 articles reported the safety of medication.There was no obvious change in blood routine,liver and kidney function results and no adverse reactions in the experimental group and the control group.Conclusion:The above results indicated that Ginkgo biloba tincture combined with conventional treatment can improve the total effective rate of patients with cerebral infarction,and it is safe and has no adverse reactions.However,the number of literatures included in this study is small,and the quality of controlled trials is not good.It is still necessary to adopt clinical controlled trials with reasonable design,outcome indicators in line with international social norms and large sample content to further improve the evidence level of clinical research.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Tenghuang Jiangu Tablet(藤黄健骨片)in the Treatment of Discogenic Low Back Pain

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tenghuang Jiangu Tablet(藤黄健骨片)in the treatment of discogenic low back pain.Methods:CNKI,WanFang,CBM,VIP,PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library and Web of Science were systematically searched to collect the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of Tenghuang Jiangu Tablet in the treatment of discogenic low back pain.Literature screening and data extraction according to the set criteria were conducted.Cochrane Risk Bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of included RCTs,and Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software.Results:A total of 4 studies were included,with a total sample size of 404 cases.The results of Meta-analysis suggested that Tenghuang Jiangu Tablet combined with conventional treatment in the treatment of discogenic low back pain was superior to conventional treatment alone in terms of total clinical response rate(RR=1.21,95%CI[1.09,1.35],P=0.0004),excellent rate of curative effect(RR=1.24,95%CI[1.10,1.41],P=0.0007),lower VAS score(MD=-0.62,95%CI[-0.79,-0.44],P<0.00001)and JOA score(MD=1.84,95%CI[1.35,2.33],P<0.00001).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse reactions between Tenghuang Jiangu Tablet combined with conventional treatment and conventional treatment alone(RR=0.76,95%CI[0.04,15.42],P=0.86).Conclusion:Based on existing research and methods,Tenghuang Jiangu Tablet combined with conventional therapy is effective on discogenic low back pain.Conventional therapy combined with Tenghuang Jiangu Tablet for the treatment of discogenic low back pain may be better than conventional therapy alone.All the adverse reactions occurred during the treatment were mild.There is no evidence that Tenghuang Jiangu Tablet can cause serious adverse reactions.However,the number of existing clinical studies is small and the quality is generally not high.It is suggested to carry out more large-sample and high-quality RCTs,and pay more attention to the long-term efficacy of drugs and the occurrence of adverse reactions,so as to further verify the above conclusions.

Systematic Evaluation of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatitis E Virus Infection

Background and Aims:The hepatitis E virus(HEV)is a zoonotic disease,and infection with HEV in humans primarily causes acute infections and can progress to chronic manifestation in immunocompromised individuals.Over the past decade,guidelines for diagnosing and treating HEV infection have been developed.This study aimed to systematically assess the quality of current guidelines for diagnosing and treating HEV infection,and we analyzed the differences in guideline quality and primary recommendations and explored possible reasons for these differences.Methods:Guidelines published between 2013 and 2022 were searched,and studies were identified using selection criteria.The study assessed the quality of the included guidelines using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation tool,extracted the primary recommendations in the guidelines,determined the highest level of evidence supporting the recommendations,and reclassified the evidence using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine grading system.Results:Seven guidelines were included in the final analysis.The quality of the guidelines varied widely.The discrepancies may have been caused by the lack of external experts,the failure to consider influencing factors in guideline application,and the lack of consideration of the public’s opinion.Analysis of the heterogeneity in primary recommendations revealed differences in algorithms for managing chronic HEV infection,the dosage of ribavirin,and a low level of evidence supporting the primary recommendations.Conclusions:Guideline quality and primary recommendations vary considerably.Refinement by guideline developers and researchers would facilitate updating and applying guidelines for diagnosing and treating HEV infection.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)in the Treatment of Chronic Pelvic Inflammation

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation.Methods:A systematically and comprehensively search was conducted in 4 Chinese databases of CNKI,VIP,Wan Fang and CBM and the foreign language databases of Pubmed,EMbase and The Cochrane Library.The retrieval time was from database establishment to March 2019.The randomized controlled trials of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation were selected according to the predetermined criteria.The quality of the included study was evaluated by Cochrane collaborative network bias risk evaluation tool,and the meta-analysis was performed by Rev Man5.3 software.Results:A total of 1009 related literatures were searched.After initial screening and strict evaluation,55 studies were included,with a total sample size of 6826 cases,including 3416 cases in the experiment group and 3410 cases in the control group.The results of meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate of Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation was better than that of antibiotics alone(RR=1.20,95%CI[1.17,1.22],P<0.00001).Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics was better than that of antibiotics alone in the improvement of abdominal pain symptoms(RR=1.40,95%CI[1.04,1.88],P<0.00001),leukorrhea abnormality(RR=1.38,95%CI[1.16,1.65],P<0.0004).In terms of safety,Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics could reduce the incidence of adverse reactions(RR=0.67,95%CI[0.48,0.93],P<0.02).The main adverse reactions were nausea and vomiting,bitterness and astringency in the mouth,rash and so on.All of them could be tolerated and the symptoms could disappear in the short term,and had no effect on the treatment.Conclusion:Fuke Qianjin Tablets(妇科千金片)combined with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation can improve the total effective rate,relieve abdominal pain and abnormal leukorrhea and other clinical discomfort symptoms,improve the quality of life of patients to a certain extent,and no serious adverse reactions are found.Due to the limitation of the quality and quantity of the included literature,the above conclusions need to be further studied and verified by high-quality research.

Study on CAD Data Interface to Geometry Description System

The basic way and method to apply the equipment s CAD data to a geometry description system(GDS) are presented,and its interface to GDS is set up.The basic function,flow and implementation technique of the interface are analyzed.Special computer software is programmed,and an application example is given also.The research results indicate that this interface can assist to derive desired data from the CAD data,and provide powerful technical support for the development of a practical data transferring interface.

Meta analysis of Xuesaitong injection in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xuesaitong Injection in the treatment of angina pectoris.Methods:CNKI and WAN were retrieved Fang,VIP,CBMdisc,PubMed and Cochrane libraries published a randomized controlled trial of Xuesaitong Injection in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease from the beginning of the establishment of the database to January 2020.29 cases were finally included in the study through layer by layer selection.The total sample size was 2560 cases,including 1307 cases in the experimental group and 1253 cases in the control group.The data collected were meta analyzed by Revman 5.3 software.Results:on the basis of routine western medicine treatment,Xuesaitong injection was added in the clinical comprehensive effective rate([RR=1.31;95%CI(1.25,1.39)]),angina symptom improvement rate([RR=1.16;95%CI(1.07,1.26)]),ECG improvement rate([RR=1.25;95%CI(1.14,1.38)]),angina attack times([RR=-2.49;95%CI(-3.27,-1.70)]);fibrinogen([MD=-0.61;95%CI(-0.77,-0.45)]),plasma(specific)viscosity([MD=-0.19;95%CI(-0.22,-0.16)]),hematocrit([MD=-0.04;95%CI(-0.05,-0.03)])and other aspects were superior to the conventional treatment of Western medicine,the difference was statistically significant.Safety aspect:the reported adverse reactions were mild and tolerable events such as headache,dizziness,flush,etc.,no serious adverse events,and no separation from the report was found.Conclusion:on the basis of conventional western medicine,Xuesaitong injection can effectively improve the clinical efficacy,and has a high safety.However,due to the low quality of the included study and the small sample size,there is a potential bias in the study;therefore,the application and promotion of the research conclusions need to be cautious,and need to be further verified by more large sample,multicenter,double-blind clinical randomized controlled trials.

Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of Ding-Chuan Tang in the treatment of pediatric cough variant asthma

Objective:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Ding-Chuan Tang in the treatment of pediatric cough variant asthma(CVA).Methods:Randomized controlled trials on the treatment of pediatric CVA with Ding-Chuan Tang were searched by computer through the China Journal Full Text Database(CNKI),WanFang Digital Journal Full Text Database(WanFang Data),Vipe Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),Pubmed Database,Ovid Database,Embase Database,etc.The search time was from database establishment to April 1,2021.Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the Executive editor:Nuo-Xi Pi.Received:10 September 2021;Accepted:13 January 2022;Available online:19 January 2022.©2022 By Author(s).Published by TMR Publishing Group Limited.This is an open access article under the CC-BY license.(http://creativecommons.Org/licenses/BY/4.0/)two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted information,and assessed the methodological quality evaluation of the literature,and Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.4 software.Results:The final number of RCTs was included 17,including cases of affected 1308 children.According to the results of the Meta-analysis:the test group was significantly better than the control group in terms of clinical efficiency,percentage of first second force expiratory volume(FEV1%),percentage of peak expiratory flow rate(PEF%),time to treatment onset,time to the disappearance of symptoms,Chinese medicine symptom score,and recurrence rate;the difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusion:The clinical treatment of pediatric CVA with Ding-Chuan Tang is effective and does not increase the incidence of adverse reactions.However,the methodological and reporting quality of existing small-sample randomized controlled trials(RCTs)is low,so evidence of efficacy must be confirmed by rigorously designed large-sample clinical trials.

Meta-analysis of the effect of continuing nursing on the psychological status of rectal cancer patients undergoing stoma

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect of continuous nursing on the psychological status of rectal cancer patients undergoing stoma.Methods:Five databases including China HowNet,Chongqing Weipu Chinese Science and Technology Database,Wanfang Database,Embase and PubMed were searched.Randomized controlled trials were collected on the effect of continuing nursing on the psychological status of rectal cancer patients undergoing stoma.The searching time was from the establishment of the database to March 30,2019.RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze the bias risk of the study after two researchers independently screened the researchers,extracted the data and evaluated the bias risk of the study.Results:A total of 15 studies were included.Meta-analysis showed that the continuing nursing group improved anxiety[MD=-10.89,95%CI(-13.52,-8.26),P<0.00001],depression[MD=-4.78,95%CI(-5.77,-3.80,P<0.00001],fear[MD=-6.06,95%CI(-7.70,-4.43),P<0.00001],hostile[MD=-7.00,95%CI(-13.62,-0.38),P=0.04<0.05],somatization[MD=-7.63,95%CI(-13.49,-1.77),P=0.01<0.05].The self-care ability[MD=38.24,95%CI(35.38,41.11),P<0.00001]was superior to the routine nursing group.Conclusion:Continuous nursing has more advantages than routine nursing,and it can improve the negative psychological state of rectal cancer patients undergoing stoma.Due to the limitations of the quantity and quality of the included studies,the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.

Economic evaluation of soft silicon foam dressings versus sterile gauze for the treatment of pressure ulcers in China

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of soft silicone foam dressings （SSFD, Mepilex） on the treatment of pressure ulcers. We searched electronic databases and retrieved articles to make a systematic evaluation, and then make a cost-effectiveness analysis by decision tree model combined with data from clinical treatments. The result shows that compared with the common sterile gauze, SSFD possesses an apparent advantage. The effective ratio is 96.3% versus 77.3%, although the cost of SSFD is much higher than that of sterile gauze, Mepilex appears to be more cost-effectiveness for preventive use.

Effect of point application on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stationary phase and effects on pulmonary function:A systematic evaluation of randomized controlled trials

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate clinical efficacy of point application or adjuvant therapy on chronic obstruc- tive pulmonary disease in stationary phase and ef- fects on pulmonary functions. METHODS： Computer retrieved CNKI, VIR CBM and other databanks and manual operations retrieved correlative literatures to find randomized con- trolled trials （RCTs） about comparison between point application or adjuvant therapy and no-point-applications for treatment of chronic ob- structive pulmonary disease in stationary phase in China. RevMan 5.0 software was used for Meta anal- ysis. RESULTS： Among 3481 cases in the inclusive 32 RCTS, 1780 cases were in the test group and 1701 cases in the control group. Meta analysis indicated： I） clinical efficacy： the groups containing point ap- plication therapy all were better than the groups ofno-point-application; 2） force vital capacity （FVC）： There was no statistically significant difference be- tween the group of point application plus Western Medicine and the Western Medicine group; 3） force expiratory volume 1 （FEVl）： The groups containing point application therapy were better than the no-point-application; 4） FEV1% ： the groups of point application plus Western Medicine were bet- ter than the Western Medicine groups; 5） FEVl/FVC： there was a significant difference between the group of point application plus Chinese drugs and the group of Chinese drug. CONCLUSION： Point application can increase clini- cal efficacy of chronic obstructive pulmonary dis- ease in stationary phase in varying degrees, and dif- ferent combinations of point application with Chi- nese drugs or Western Medicines have incomplete same actions in improvement of pulmonary func- tion and therapeutic effect.

Systematic evaluation on the clinical efficacy of acupoint stimulation therapy for treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency on the basis of network Meta-analysis

Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupoint stimulation therapy for treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency（POI）. Methods Computer retrieval was carried out in such databases as Pub Med, Embase, Cochrane Library, web of science, Chinese biomedicine database（CBM）, China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）, Wan Fang and VIP in order to collect the randomized controlled trials（RCT） concerning acupoint stimulation therapy for treatment of POI. Software R 3.40 and stata 14.0 were used for Meta-analysis and network Meta-analysis, and Rev Man 5.3 was used for plotting the risk bias diagrams. Results Fortythree RCTs were included in total, involving 3046 POI patients and 18 acupoint stimulation therapies and comprehensive therapies. Metaanalysis showed：（1） The curative effects of acupoint stimulation therapy（RR=1.25, 95%CI [1.07,1.45]）, acupoint stimulation therapy＋Chinese herbal medicine（RR=1.25, 95%CI [1.18,1.32]） and acupoint stimulation therapy＋ hormone replacement therapy（HRT）（RR=1.20, 95%CI [1.12,1.29]） were all superior to that of HRT, indicating that the differences were statistically significant（Z=2.90, P=0.04; Z=7.56, P〈0.000 01; Z=4.06, P〈0.000 01）.（2） Compared with HRT, the occurrence rate of adverse effect of acupoint stimulation therapy was lower, and the safety was superior to that of HRT（RR=0.18, 95%CI [0.08,0.41]）, indicating that the differences were statistically significant（Z=4.08, P〈0.000 1）. Forty-two direct comparisons and 110 indirect comparisons were generated according to network Meta-analysis, among which, 38 comparisons were statistically significant. Network Metaanalysis results with HRT as control showed： the therapeutic measures ranking top 3 according to the curative effect sequence were catgut embedment in acupoint, moxibustion and warming-needle moxibustion, successively, and all the 3 measures were monotherapies without reflecting the advantages of comprehensive therapy. HRT ranked 17 th among the 18 included therapeutic measures. Conclusion On the basis of current evidences, acupoint stimulation therapy has a better clinical efficacy and safety for treatment of POI when compared with HRT. The acupoint stimulation therapies ranking the top 3 have more significant curative effects, but the long-term efficacy and the effect on the ovarian function still need to be further explored. In addition, the conclusion of this study still needs to be verified through a large number of RCTs with reasonable designs and appropriate methods.