To compare the effects of polysaccharide nucleic acid fraction of bacillus calmette guerin (BCG PSN) and thymopeptides on T lymphocytes of normal and immunosuppressed mice, CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocyte subsets of...To compare the effects of polysaccharide nucleic acid fraction of bacillus calmette guerin (BCG PSN) and thymopeptides on T lymphocytes of normal and immunosuppressed mice, CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocyte subsets of single nucleic cell in thymus, spleen and peripheral blood were detected successively by flow cytometry after application of BCG PSN and thymopeptides. Meanwhile, CD4 +/CD8 + ratio was also calculated. The results showed that both BCG PSN and thymopeptides could decrease the proportion of CD4 + CD8 + T lymphocyte subsets in the thymus, at the same time increase CD4 + T lymphocyte, CD8 +T lymphocyte proportion in the three tissues. The fluctuation in amplitude was greater in thymopeptides group than that in BCG PSN group. It is concluded that acting location of thymopeptides is in thymus, its stimulating action is stronger than that of BCG PSN, while BCG PSN not only accelerates the differentiation in thymus, but also has some direct stimulation to peripheral CD4 +T lymphocytes, and can maintain CD4 +/CD8 + ratio within normal range. So, BCG PSN is safer.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The patient with malignant tumor always show immunologic function drawback and ingravescent with tumor development, especially in the aspect of cell-mediated immunity. This study was undertaken to define t...BACKGROUND: The patient with malignant tumor always show immunologic function drawback and ingravescent with tumor development, especially in the aspect of cell-mediated immunity. This study was undertaken to define the relationship between the immune function of local cells and cancer development by investigating the distribution of natural killer (NK) cells and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, the cancer tissue and the tissue surrounding gallbladder carcinoma. METHODS: The numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes and NK cells were measured by flow cytometry in samples taken from gallbladder cancer tissue, the surrounding tissues and peripheral blood of 38 patients, and compared with the numbers in the peripheral blood and gallbladder tissue of 30 patients with cholecystitis as controls. RESULTS: The numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells and NK cells in gallbladder cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in the surrounding tissue and gallbladder with gallstone. However, the ratio of CD4(+)/CD8(+) was lower in the cancer tissue than that in the surrounding tissue and tissue from gallbladders with gallstones. The distribution of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells and NK cells in mucous membrane of cholecystitis gallbladder and that in the tissue surrounding gallbladder cancer were significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: Disproportionate and imbalanced distribution of NK cells and subsets of T-lymphocytes occurs in the mucous membrane proper of gallbladder cancer and surrounding tissue. Although gallbladder cancer tissue has higher expressions of CD4(+), CD8(+) and NK cells, the immune function is low or in an inhibited state. In gallbladder cancer immunization therapy, local cellular immunological function should be enhanced and the protective barrier improved.展开更多
Study Objective: To observe the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on T-lymphocyte subsets and natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood of perioperative patients with colorectal cancer. Design: A random double-b...Study Objective: To observe the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on T-lymphocyte subsets and natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood of perioperative patients with colorectal cancer. Design: A random double-blind control clinical study. Setting: A university hospital. Patients: Forty patients with colorectal cancer, ASA I-П. Interventions: All patients were randomly divided into a DEX group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). Before induction of anesthesia, epidural catheters were placed in the L1-L2 or T12-L1 intervertebral spaces. The DEX group received 1 μg/kg of DEX (200 μg/50 ml) intravenously for 15 min prior to the surgery, which was then infused at a rate of 0.5 μg/kg/h until 30 min before the end of the surgery. The control group received an intravenous infusion of saline (50 ml) instead of DEX during the same periods as the DEX group. All patients received routine anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. Measurements: Blood samples from all patients were collected at the following time points: before anesthesia (T0), 24 h after surgery (T1), 48 h after surgery (T2) and 72 h after surgery (T3). Changes in T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) and NK cells were determined by flow cytometry. Main Results: Compared with the control group, the percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the DEX group increased significantly from T1 to T3展开更多
Objective: Previous studies have investigated the role of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) in carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma, but their results were inconsistent. ...Objective: Previous studies have investigated the role of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) in carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma, but their results were inconsistent. We aimed to clarify the associations between CTLA-4, TNF-a polymorphism and osteosarcoma risk by using meta-analysis. Methods: We searched relevant studies without language restriction in PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar databases, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and conference literature in humans published prior to March 2013. The strengths of the associations between genetic variants and osteosarcoma risk were estimated by odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: A total of seven studies with 1,198 osteosarcoma patients and 1,493 controls were selected. Four studies were eligible for CTLA-4 (1,003 osteosarcoma and 1,162 controls), and three studies for TNF-a (195 osteosarcoma and 331 controls). Pooled results showed that rs231775 polymorphism of CTLA-4 was associated with osteosarcoma risk (GG vs. AA: OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.24-2.13; GG + GA vs. AA: OR=1.56, 95% CI=1.21-2.01; AA + GA vs. GG: OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.71-0.97; G vs. A: OR=1.21, 95% CI=1.08-1.36). No significant heterogeneity was observed across the studies. No significant associations were found between rs5742909 polymorphism of CTLA-4 or rs1800629 polymorphism of TNF-a and osteosarcoma risk. Conclusions: These results suggest that the rs231775 polymorphism of CTLA-4 may play an important role in carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma.展开更多
Objective: To study the function of ce ll ular immunity in patients with hyper-IgE syndrome (HIE). Methods: T-lymphocyte subtypes of the peripheral blood and cutaneous delayed-typ e hypersensitivity (DTH) response ...Objective: To study the function of ce ll ular immunity in patients with hyper-IgE syndrome (HIE). Methods: T-lymphocyte subtypes of the peripheral blood and cutaneous delayed-typ e hypersensitivity (DTH) response to two recall antigens, tetanus toxoid (TT) an d purified protein derivative(PPD), were measured in five patients with HIE and 15 healthy controls, respectively. Results: The CD4+ cell cou nts in HIE group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0. 01). In contrast, CD8+ cells were significantly higher than those in the contro l (P<0.01). The induration sizes of DTH response to two recall antigens wer e smaller in HIE group than those in the control group (P<0.01). Co nclusion: There was an immunologic dysfunction of T lymphocytes in the p atients with HIE.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the effects of heat clearing and stasis resolving method on prethrombotic state,inflammatory factors and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of unexplained recurrent miscarriage(URM)patient...[Objectives]To explore the effects of heat clearing and stasis resolving method on prethrombotic state,inflammatory factors and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of unexplained recurrent miscarriage(URM)patients with suppressed internal heat.[Methods]Thirty cases of URM patients with suppressed internal heat and 30 normal women were collected,and characteristics of changes in peripheral serum D-dimer(D-D),fibrin degradation product(FDP),fibrinogen(FIB),IL-6,IL-10 and TNF-α,CD,CD,CD,CD,CDlevels were detected.URM patients were treated with traditional Chinese medicine for clearing heat and resolving blood stasis for 3 menstrual cycles,and the changes of indicators before and after treatment were observed.[Results]Compared with normal women,the peripheral serum levels of D-D,IL-6,TNF-αand CDin URM patients with suppressed internal heat were increased(P<0.05),while the IL-10 lymphocyte level was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with that before treatment,the contents of D-D,IL-6,TNF-αand CDdecreased after 3 menstrual cycles(P<0.05),while the contents of IL-10 and CDT lymphocytes increased significantly(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The heat clearing heat and stasis resolving method can effectively improve the prethrombotic state of URM,and the action mechanism may be related to the regulation of immune and peripheral blood inflammatory factors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been used in liver transplantation and have certain effects in alleviating liver ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)and regulating immune rejection.However,some studies have in...BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been used in liver transplantation and have certain effects in alleviating liver ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)and regulating immune rejection.However,some studies have indicated that the effects of MSCs are not very significant.Therefore,approaches that enable MSCs to exert significant and stable therapeutic effects are worth further study.AIM To enhance the therapeutic potential of human menstrual blood-derived stromal cells(MenSCs)in the mouse liver ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)model via interferon-γ(IFN-γ)priming.METHODS Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate the safety of IFN-γpriming,and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)levels were measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,western blotting,and ELISA to evaluate the efficacy of IFN-γpriming.In vivo,the liver I/R model was established in male C57/BL mice,hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining was performed and serum liver enzyme levels were measured to assess the degree of liver injury,and regulatory T cell(Treg)numbers in spleens were determined by flow cytometry to assess immune tolerance potential.Metabolomics analysis was conducted to elucidate the potential mechanism underlying the regulatory effects of primed MenSCs.In vitro,we established a hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)model and analyzed apoptosis by flow cytometry to investigate the mechanism through which primed MenSCs inhibit apoptosis.Transmission electron microscopy,western blotting,and immunofluorescence were used to analyze autophagy levels.RESULTS IFN-γ-primed MenSCs secreted higher levels of IDO,attenuated liver injury,and increased Treg numbers in the mouse spleens to greater degrees than untreated MenSCs.Metabolomics and autophagy analyses proved that primed MenSCs more strongly induced autophagy in the mouse livers.In the H/R model,autophagy inhibitors increased the level of H/R-induced apoptosis,indicating that autophagy exerted protective effects.In addition,primed MenSCs decreased the level of H/R-induced apoptosis via IDO and autophagy.Further rescue experiments proved that IDO enhanced the protective autophagy by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway and activating the AMPK pathway.CONCLUSION IFN-γ-primed MenSCs exerted better therapeutic effects in the liver I/R model by secreting higher IDO levels.MenSCs and IDO activated the AMPK-mTOR-autophagy axis to reduce IRI,and IDO increased Treg numbers in the spleen and enhanced the MenSC-mediated induction of immune tolerance.Our study suggests that IFN-γ-primed MenSCs may be a novel and superior MSC product for liver transplantation in the future.展开更多
Objective: Despite the existence of several therapeutic strategies, the management of cervical cancer remains challenging. Our region has very little data on the interaction between the immune system and the clinical ...Objective: Despite the existence of several therapeutic strategies, the management of cervical cancer remains challenging. Our region has very little data on the interaction between the immune system and the clinical response to chemotherapy. This work examines plasma levels of galectin-3 (Gal-3) and percentages of activated T cells in patients with cervical cancer treated with chemotherapy and investigates if there is a relationship between the rates of these two elements. Methods: We compared data from 37 patients with cervical cancer undergoing chemotherapy and 42 controls with normal cervical cytology. Plasma Gal-3 concentrations were assessed by ELISA and expression of activation markers by T cells (CD69 and HLA-DR) was assessed by flow cytometry at three different time points during chemotherapy. Results: Our results showed that patients had a significantly higher concentration of Gal-3 compared to controls (4.025 vs. 1.340, p 0.001), similarly, they had a significantly high percentage of activated lymphocytes (2.610 vs. 0.731;p 0.0001). According to the response to treatment, patients with no response to treatment had a lower concentration of circulating Gal-3 but had approximately the same percentage of activated CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes as patients with a partial or total response. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the Gal-3 level and CD4 T cells expressing the activation marker CD69 (p 0.05;rho = 0.44). Conclusion: In conclusion, our results show that there would be a relationship between circulating galectin-3 and the percentage of peripheral CD4+</sup>CD69+</sup> cells in cervical cancer.展开更多
文摘To compare the effects of polysaccharide nucleic acid fraction of bacillus calmette guerin (BCG PSN) and thymopeptides on T lymphocytes of normal and immunosuppressed mice, CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocyte subsets of single nucleic cell in thymus, spleen and peripheral blood were detected successively by flow cytometry after application of BCG PSN and thymopeptides. Meanwhile, CD4 +/CD8 + ratio was also calculated. The results showed that both BCG PSN and thymopeptides could decrease the proportion of CD4 + CD8 + T lymphocyte subsets in the thymus, at the same time increase CD4 + T lymphocyte, CD8 +T lymphocyte proportion in the three tissues. The fluctuation in amplitude was greater in thymopeptides group than that in BCG PSN group. It is concluded that acting location of thymopeptides is in thymus, its stimulating action is stronger than that of BCG PSN, while BCG PSN not only accelerates the differentiation in thymus, but also has some direct stimulation to peripheral CD4 +T lymphocytes, and can maintain CD4 +/CD8 + ratio within normal range. So, BCG PSN is safer.
文摘BACKGROUND: The patient with malignant tumor always show immunologic function drawback and ingravescent with tumor development, especially in the aspect of cell-mediated immunity. This study was undertaken to define the relationship between the immune function of local cells and cancer development by investigating the distribution of natural killer (NK) cells and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, the cancer tissue and the tissue surrounding gallbladder carcinoma. METHODS: The numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes and NK cells were measured by flow cytometry in samples taken from gallbladder cancer tissue, the surrounding tissues and peripheral blood of 38 patients, and compared with the numbers in the peripheral blood and gallbladder tissue of 30 patients with cholecystitis as controls. RESULTS: The numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells and NK cells in gallbladder cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in the surrounding tissue and gallbladder with gallstone. However, the ratio of CD4(+)/CD8(+) was lower in the cancer tissue than that in the surrounding tissue and tissue from gallbladders with gallstones. The distribution of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells and NK cells in mucous membrane of cholecystitis gallbladder and that in the tissue surrounding gallbladder cancer were significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: Disproportionate and imbalanced distribution of NK cells and subsets of T-lymphocytes occurs in the mucous membrane proper of gallbladder cancer and surrounding tissue. Although gallbladder cancer tissue has higher expressions of CD4(+), CD8(+) and NK cells, the immune function is low or in an inhibited state. In gallbladder cancer immunization therapy, local cellular immunological function should be enhanced and the protective barrier improved.
文摘Study Objective: To observe the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on T-lymphocyte subsets and natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood of perioperative patients with colorectal cancer. Design: A random double-blind control clinical study. Setting: A university hospital. Patients: Forty patients with colorectal cancer, ASA I-П. Interventions: All patients were randomly divided into a DEX group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). Before induction of anesthesia, epidural catheters were placed in the L1-L2 or T12-L1 intervertebral spaces. The DEX group received 1 μg/kg of DEX (200 μg/50 ml) intravenously for 15 min prior to the surgery, which was then infused at a rate of 0.5 μg/kg/h until 30 min before the end of the surgery. The control group received an intravenous infusion of saline (50 ml) instead of DEX during the same periods as the DEX group. All patients received routine anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. Measurements: Blood samples from all patients were collected at the following time points: before anesthesia (T0), 24 h after surgery (T1), 48 h after surgery (T2) and 72 h after surgery (T3). Changes in T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) and NK cells were determined by flow cytometry. Main Results: Compared with the control group, the percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the DEX group increased significantly from T1 to T3
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation(No.81260315)Foundation of the Education Department of Guangxi Province,China(No.201010LX375)the Foundation of the Nature Science Fund,Guangxi Province,China(No.2012GXNSFBA053121)
文摘Objective: Previous studies have investigated the role of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) in carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma, but their results were inconsistent. We aimed to clarify the associations between CTLA-4, TNF-a polymorphism and osteosarcoma risk by using meta-analysis. Methods: We searched relevant studies without language restriction in PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar databases, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and conference literature in humans published prior to March 2013. The strengths of the associations between genetic variants and osteosarcoma risk were estimated by odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: A total of seven studies with 1,198 osteosarcoma patients and 1,493 controls were selected. Four studies were eligible for CTLA-4 (1,003 osteosarcoma and 1,162 controls), and three studies for TNF-a (195 osteosarcoma and 331 controls). Pooled results showed that rs231775 polymorphism of CTLA-4 was associated with osteosarcoma risk (GG vs. AA: OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.24-2.13; GG + GA vs. AA: OR=1.56, 95% CI=1.21-2.01; AA + GA vs. GG: OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.71-0.97; G vs. A: OR=1.21, 95% CI=1.08-1.36). No significant heterogeneity was observed across the studies. No significant associations were found between rs5742909 polymorphism of CTLA-4 or rs1800629 polymorphism of TNF-a and osteosarcoma risk. Conclusions: These results suggest that the rs231775 polymorphism of CTLA-4 may play an important role in carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma.
文摘Objective: To study the function of ce ll ular immunity in patients with hyper-IgE syndrome (HIE). Methods: T-lymphocyte subtypes of the peripheral blood and cutaneous delayed-typ e hypersensitivity (DTH) response to two recall antigens, tetanus toxoid (TT) an d purified protein derivative(PPD), were measured in five patients with HIE and 15 healthy controls, respectively. Results: The CD4+ cell cou nts in HIE group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0. 01). In contrast, CD8+ cells were significantly higher than those in the contro l (P<0.01). The induration sizes of DTH response to two recall antigens wer e smaller in HIE group than those in the control group (P<0.01). Co nclusion: There was an immunologic dysfunction of T lymphocytes in the p atients with HIE.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81760806)Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration of Gansu Province(GZK-2019-28)Innovation Ability Improvement Project of Higher Education Institutions of Gansu Province(2019B-103)。
文摘[Objectives]To explore the effects of heat clearing and stasis resolving method on prethrombotic state,inflammatory factors and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of unexplained recurrent miscarriage(URM)patients with suppressed internal heat.[Methods]Thirty cases of URM patients with suppressed internal heat and 30 normal women were collected,and characteristics of changes in peripheral serum D-dimer(D-D),fibrin degradation product(FDP),fibrinogen(FIB),IL-6,IL-10 and TNF-α,CD,CD,CD,CD,CDlevels were detected.URM patients were treated with traditional Chinese medicine for clearing heat and resolving blood stasis for 3 menstrual cycles,and the changes of indicators before and after treatment were observed.[Results]Compared with normal women,the peripheral serum levels of D-D,IL-6,TNF-αand CDin URM patients with suppressed internal heat were increased(P<0.05),while the IL-10 lymphocyte level was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with that before treatment,the contents of D-D,IL-6,TNF-αand CDdecreased after 3 menstrual cycles(P<0.05),while the contents of IL-10 and CDT lymphocytes increased significantly(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The heat clearing heat and stasis resolving method can effectively improve the prethrombotic state of URM,and the action mechanism may be related to the regulation of immune and peripheral blood inflammatory factors.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,No.2022YFA1105603 and 2022YFC2304405Hangzhou Science and Technology Project,China,No.20200224+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81900563Key Research&Development Plan of Zhejiang Province,China,No.2019C03015 and 2020C04016。
文摘BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been used in liver transplantation and have certain effects in alleviating liver ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)and regulating immune rejection.However,some studies have indicated that the effects of MSCs are not very significant.Therefore,approaches that enable MSCs to exert significant and stable therapeutic effects are worth further study.AIM To enhance the therapeutic potential of human menstrual blood-derived stromal cells(MenSCs)in the mouse liver ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)model via interferon-γ(IFN-γ)priming.METHODS Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate the safety of IFN-γpriming,and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)levels were measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,western blotting,and ELISA to evaluate the efficacy of IFN-γpriming.In vivo,the liver I/R model was established in male C57/BL mice,hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining was performed and serum liver enzyme levels were measured to assess the degree of liver injury,and regulatory T cell(Treg)numbers in spleens were determined by flow cytometry to assess immune tolerance potential.Metabolomics analysis was conducted to elucidate the potential mechanism underlying the regulatory effects of primed MenSCs.In vitro,we established a hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)model and analyzed apoptosis by flow cytometry to investigate the mechanism through which primed MenSCs inhibit apoptosis.Transmission electron microscopy,western blotting,and immunofluorescence were used to analyze autophagy levels.RESULTS IFN-γ-primed MenSCs secreted higher levels of IDO,attenuated liver injury,and increased Treg numbers in the mouse spleens to greater degrees than untreated MenSCs.Metabolomics and autophagy analyses proved that primed MenSCs more strongly induced autophagy in the mouse livers.In the H/R model,autophagy inhibitors increased the level of H/R-induced apoptosis,indicating that autophagy exerted protective effects.In addition,primed MenSCs decreased the level of H/R-induced apoptosis via IDO and autophagy.Further rescue experiments proved that IDO enhanced the protective autophagy by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway and activating the AMPK pathway.CONCLUSION IFN-γ-primed MenSCs exerted better therapeutic effects in the liver I/R model by secreting higher IDO levels.MenSCs and IDO activated the AMPK-mTOR-autophagy axis to reduce IRI,and IDO increased Treg numbers in the spleen and enhanced the MenSC-mediated induction of immune tolerance.Our study suggests that IFN-γ-primed MenSCs may be a novel and superior MSC product for liver transplantation in the future.
文摘Objective: Despite the existence of several therapeutic strategies, the management of cervical cancer remains challenging. Our region has very little data on the interaction between the immune system and the clinical response to chemotherapy. This work examines plasma levels of galectin-3 (Gal-3) and percentages of activated T cells in patients with cervical cancer treated with chemotherapy and investigates if there is a relationship between the rates of these two elements. Methods: We compared data from 37 patients with cervical cancer undergoing chemotherapy and 42 controls with normal cervical cytology. Plasma Gal-3 concentrations were assessed by ELISA and expression of activation markers by T cells (CD69 and HLA-DR) was assessed by flow cytometry at three different time points during chemotherapy. Results: Our results showed that patients had a significantly higher concentration of Gal-3 compared to controls (4.025 vs. 1.340, p 0.001), similarly, they had a significantly high percentage of activated lymphocytes (2.610 vs. 0.731;p 0.0001). According to the response to treatment, patients with no response to treatment had a lower concentration of circulating Gal-3 but had approximately the same percentage of activated CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes as patients with a partial or total response. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the Gal-3 level and CD4 T cells expressing the activation marker CD69 (p 0.05;rho = 0.44). Conclusion: In conclusion, our results show that there would be a relationship between circulating galectin-3 and the percentage of peripheral CD4+</sup>CD69+</sup> cells in cervical cancer.