Reproductive height determines the loss of clonal grasses with nitrogen enrichment in a temperate grassland

Tall clonal grasses commonly display competitive advantages with nitrogen(N)enrichment.However,it is currently unknown whether the height is derived from the vegetative or reproductive module.Moreover,it is unclear whether the height of the vegetative or reproductive system regulates the probability of extinction and colonization,and determines species diversity.In this study,the impacts on clonal grasses were studied in a field experiment employing two frequencies(twice a year vs.monthly)crossing with nine N addition rates in a temperate grassland,China.We found that the N addition decreased species frequency and increased extinction probability,but did not change the species colonization probability.A low frequency of N addition decreased species frequency and colonization probability,but increased extinction probability.Moreover,we found that species reproductive height was the best index to predict the extinction probability of clonal grasses in N-enriched conditions.The low frequency of N addition may overestimate the negative effect from N deposition on clonal grass diversity,suggesting that a higher frequency of N addition is more suitable in assessing the ecological effects of N deposition.Overall,this study illustrates that reproductive height was associated with the clonal species extinction probability under N-enriched environment.

COVID-19 vaccination produces exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells regardless of infection history

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is purported to increase immune surveillance and protect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We sought to determine if COVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb titers.Methods:Eighteen healthy participants completed a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine.All major leukocyte subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-cell receptor(TCR)-βsequencing,and SARS-CoV-2 nAb serology.Results:COVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in response to intensity-controlled graded exercise.However,non-infected participants had a significantly reduced mobilization of CD4+and CD8+naive T-cells,as well as CD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group);this was not seen after vaccination in those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group).Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dependent manner.Both groups mobilized T-cells that reacted to spike protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocapsid antigens.nAbs increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity group.Conclusion:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells that recognize spike protein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

Absence of enhancement in a lesion does not preclude primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Primary central nervous system lymphoma(PCNSL)is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates in the central nervous system(CNS)and is exclusively limited to the CNS.Although most PCNSLs are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas,primary CNS T-cell lymphomas(PCNSTLs)are rare.PCNSTLs typically demonstrate some degree of enhancement on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).To the best of our knowledge,non-enhancing PCNSTL has not been reported previously.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old male presented to the neurology department with complaints of mild cognitive impairment and gradual onset of left lower leg weakness over a span of two weeks.Initial MRI showed asymmetric T2-hyperintense lesions within the brain.No enhancement was observed on the contrast-enhanced T1 image.The initial diagnosis was neuro-Behçet’s disease.Despite high-dose steroid therapy,no alterations in the lesions were identified on initial MRI.The patient’s symptoms deteriorated further.An MRI performed one month after the initial scan revealed an increased lesion extent.Subsequently,brain biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of PCNSTL.The patient underwent definitive combined chemoradiotherapy.However,the patient developed bacteremia and died of septic shock approximately three months after diagnosis.CONCLUSION The absence of enhancement in the lesion did not rule out PCNSTL.A biopsy approach is advisable for pathological confirmation.

ANALYSIS OF T CELL CLONALITY BY CDR3 SIZE OF T-CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTOR Vβ REPERTOIRE IN HCL AND c-ALL

Objective: To analyze the distribution and clonality of TCR Vβ subfamily T cells in hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and common-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (c-ALL). Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 3 cases of HCL and 1 case of c-ALL were investigated for analysis of complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) size of T cell receptor Vβ repertoire using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The products were further analyzed by genescan to identify T cell clonality. Results: Some Vβ subfamily PCR products from 4 patients contained monopeak (monoclone) or a dominant peak (oligoclone). In contrast, multipeak (polyclone) distributions were found in all Vβ subfamily PCR products from normal control cases. Conclusion: T cell clonal expansion may be found in HCL and c-ALL cases that may indicate a host response directed against leukemia related antigen. In addition, it may be useful to detect the minimal residual disease.

Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma with bone marrow involved: A case report

BACKGROUND Monomorphic epithelial intestinal T-cell lymphoma(MEITL)is a rare type of peripheral T-cell lymphoma.The clinical manifestations are diarrhea,abdominal pain,perforation and an abdominal mass.CASE SUMMARY We present a 52-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with MEITL.Further disease progression was observed after multiline chemotherapy.Eventually,the patient died of a severe infection.CONCLUSION MEITL is a rare intestinal primary T-cell lymphoma with aggressive behavior,a high risk of severe life-threatening complications,and a poor prognosis.

Clonal hematopoiesis:a shared risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and tumors

Clonal hematopoiesis(CH)is a clonally expanded population of hematopoietic stem cells carrying somatic mutations that differentiate through multilineage hematopoiesis to form terminally differentiated mature hematopoietic cells carrying markers of the clonal mutation.Genes integral to critical cellular processes such as epigenetic regulation,DNA damage response,and inflammation frequently carry these mutations.Clonal hematopoiesis becomes increasingly prevalent with age and is associated with an increased risk of hematological tumors and some nonhematological conditions.Recent insights have revealed that the mutations driving CH are not only implicated in hematologic neoplasms but also possess the potential to influence cardiovascular pathogenesis.Here,we reviewed up-to-date findings about the roles of CH in cardiovascular diseases and tumors and explored the clinical significance of CH,as well as look forward to future related studies,so as to provide valuable references for future research and clinical practice.

Investigation of the Clinical Diagnostic Significance of the T-Cell Test for Tuberculosis combined with Erythrocyte Sedimentation Test in Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Objective:To investigate the clinical diagnostic significance of peripheral blood T-cell test(T-spot test)for tuberculosis(TB)infection combined with erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)in pulmonary TB.Methods:41 patients with a clinical diagnosis of TB during hospitalization from January 2020 to April 2023 in our hospital were selected as the experimental group,and 45 patients without TB(bronchopneumonia patients)were selected as the control group.The diagnostic specificity,sensitivity,and accuracy of the T-spot TB test,ESR test,and the combined test of the two were calculated respectively.Results:The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the T-spot TB test combined with ESR for the diagnosis of TB in the experimental group were significantly higher than the individual results of the T-spot TB test and ESR test alone(P<0.05).Conclusion:The T-spot TB test combined with the ESR test for TB diagnosis has greater clinical value than carrying out the tests individually.

Clonality analysis of neuroendocrine cells in gastric adenocarcinoma

AIM:To achieve a better understanding of the origination of neuroendocrine(NE)cells in gastric adenocarcinoma.METHODS:In this study,120 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma were obtained.First,frozen section-immunohistochemistrical samples were selected from a large quantity of neuroendocrine cells.Second,laser capture microdissection was used to get target cells from gastric adenocarcinoma and whole genome amplification was applied to get a large quantity of DNA for further study.Third,genome-wide microsatellite abnormalities[microsatellite instability(MSI),loss of heterozygosity (LOH)]and p53 mutation were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-single-strand conformation polymer-phism-silver staining and PCR-sequencing in order to identify the clonality of NE cells.RESULTS:The total incidence rate of MSI was 27.4%,while LOH was 17.9%.Ten cases had a highest concordance for the two types of cells.The other samples had similar microsatellite changes,except for cases 7 and10.Concordant p53 mutations exhibited in sample 4,14,21 and 27,and there were different mutations between two kinds of cells in case 7.In case 17,mutation took place only in adenocarcinoma cells.p53 mutation was closely related with degree of differentiation,tumor-node-metastasis stage,vessel invasion and lymph node metastasis.In brief,NE and adenocarcinoma cells showed the same MSI,LOH or p53 mutation in most cases(27/30).In the other three cases,different MSI,LOH or p53 mutation occurred.CONCLUSION:NE and the gastric adenocarcinoma cells may mainly derive from the same stem cells,but the remaining cases showing different origin needs further investigation.

Clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain and T-cell receptor γ gene rearrangements in primary gastric lymphoma

AIM:To study the diagnostic value of immunoglobulin heavy chain(IgH)and T-cell receptorγ (TCR-γ)gene monoclonal rearrangements in primary gastric lymphoma(PGL).METHODS:A total of 48 patients with suspected PGL at our hospital were prospectively enrolled in this study from January 2009 to December 2011.The patients were divided into three groups(a PGL group,a gastric linitis plastica group,and a benign gastric ulcer group)based on the pathological results(gastric mucosal specimens obtained by endoscopy or surgery)and follow-up.Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)and EUSguided biopsy were performed in all the patients.The tissue specimens were used for histopathological examination and for IgH and TCR-γ gene rearrangement polymerase chain reaction analyses.RESULTS:EUS and EUS-guided biopsy were successfully performed in all 48 patients.In the PGL group(n=21),monoclonal IgH gene rearrangements were detected in 14(66.7%)patients.A positive result for each set of primers was found in 12(57.1%),8(38.1%),and 4(19.0%)cases using FR1/JH,FR2/JH,and FR3/JH primers,respectively.Overall,12(75%)patients with mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma(n=16)and 2(40%)patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(n=5)were positive for monoclonal IgH gene rearrangements.No patients in the gastric linitis plastica group(n=17)and only one(10%)patient in the benign gastric ulcer group(n=10)were positive for a monoclonal IgH gene rearrangement.No TCRgene monoclonal rearrangements were detected.The sensitivity of monoclonal IgH gene rearrangements was 66.7%for a PGL diagnosis,and the specificity was96.4%.In the PGL group,8(100%)patients with stage IIE PGL(n=8)and 6(46.1%)patients with stage IE PGL(n=13)were positive for monoclonal IgH gene rearrangements.CONCLUSION:IgH gene rearrangements may be associated with PGL staging and may be useful for the diagnosis of PGL and for differentiating between PGL and gastric linitis plastica.

Clonality and allelotype analyses of focal nodular hyperplasia compared with hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma

AIM: To identify clonality and genetic alterations in focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and the nodules derived from it. METHODS: Twelve FNH lesions were examined. Twelve hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) and 22 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) were used as references. Nodules of different types were identified and isolated from FNH by microdissection. An X-chromosome inactivation assay was employed to describe their clonality status. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was detected, using 57 markers, for genetic alterations.RESULTS: Nodules of altered hepatocytes (NAH), the putative precursors of HCA and HCC, were found in all the FNH lesions. Polyclonality was revealed in 10 FNH lesions from female patients, and LOH was not detected in any of the six FNH lesions examined, the results apparently showing their polyclonal nature. In contrast, monoclonality was demonstrated in all the eight HCAs and in four of the HCCs from females, and allelic imbalances were found in the HCAs (9/9) and HCCs (15/18), with chromosomal arms 11p, 13q and 17p affected in the former, and 6q, 8p, 11p, 16q and 17p affected in the latter lesions in high frequencies (≥ 30%). Monoclonality was revealed in 21 (40%) of the 52 microdissected NAH, but was not found in any of the f ive ordinary nodules. LOH was found in all of the 13 NAH tested, being highly frequent at six loci on 8p, 11p, 13q and 17p. CONCLUSION: FNH, as a whole, is polyclonal, but some of the NAH lesions derived from it are already neoplastic and harbor similar allelic imbalances as HCAs.

2022 Chinese expert consensus and guidelines on clinical management of toxicity in anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Adoptive cellular immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cells has emerged as a novel modality for treating relapsed and/or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma(B-NHL).With increasing approval of CAR T-cell products and advances in CAR T cell therapy,CAR T cells are expected to be used in a growing number of cases.However,CAR T-cell-associated toxicities can be severe or even fatal,thus compromising the survival benefit from this therapy.Standardizing and studying the clinical management of these toxicities are imperative.In contrast to other hematological malignancies,such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and multiple myeloma,anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities in B-NHL have several distinctive features,most notably local cytokine-release syndrome(CRS).However,previously published guidelines have provided few specific recommendations for the grading and management of toxicities associated with CAR T-cell treatment for B-NHL.Consequently,we developed this consensus for the prevention,recognition,and management of these toxicities,on the basis of published literature regarding the management of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities and the clinical experience of multiple Chinese institutions.This consensus refines a grading system and classification of CRS in B-NHL and corresponding measures for CRS management,and delineates comprehensive principles and exploratory recommendations for managing anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated toxicities in addition to CRS.

Clonal Transgenerational Effects Transmit for Multiple Generations in a Floating Plant

Environmental conditions of a parent plant can influence the performance of their clonal offspring,and such clonal transgenerational effects may help offspring adapt to different environments.However,it is still unclear how many vegetative generations clonal transgenerational effects can transmit for and whether it depends on the environmental conditions of the offspring.We grew the ancestor ramets of the floating clonal plant Spirodela polyrhiza under a high and a low nutrient level and obtained the so-called 1^(st)-generation offspring ramets of two types(from these two environments).Then we grew the 1^(st)-generation offspring ramets of each type under the high and the low nutrient level and obtained the so-called 2^(nd)-generation offspring ramets of four types.We repeated this procedure for another five times and analyzed clonal transgenerational effects on growth,morphology and biomass allocation of the 1^(st)-to the 6^(th)-generation offspring ramets.We found positive,negative or neutral(no)transgenerational effects of the ancestor nutrient condition on the offspring of S.polyrhiza,depending on the number of vegetative generations,the nutrient condition of the offspring environment and the traits considered.We observed significant clonal transgenerational effects on the 6^(th)-generation offspring;such effects occurred for all three types of traits(growth,morphology and allocation),but varied depending on the nutrient condition of the offspring environment and the traits considered.Our results suggest that clonal transgenerational effects can transmit for multiple vegetative generations and such impacts can vary depending on the environmental conditions of offspring.

Transcriptome sequencing analysis of ursolic acid-mediated proliferation suppression on cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cells

Background:Ursolic acid is a triterpenoid compound found in natural plants that exhibits antiproliferative effects in various cancer cells.Our study is the first to demonstrate the strong inhibitory effects of ursolic acid on the proliferation of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma(CTCL)cells.We aimed to further investigate the underlying mechanism of the proliferation inhibition induced by ursolic acid in CTCL cells using transcriptome sequencing.Methods:Cell counting kit-8 assays were used to observe the effects of six traditional medicine monomers on the proliferation of CTCL cells.Transcriptome sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed genes after ursolic acid treatment.Bioinformatics analysis was performed to determine the potential mechanism.Real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting analyses were performed to confirm the sequencing results and verify the possible mechanisms of ursolic acid-mediated proliferation inhibition in CTCL cells.Results:Ursolic acid exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the proliferation of CTCL cells among the six traditional medicine monomers.Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that 2,466 genes were significantly altered.Combined with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network analysis,the interaction of various pathways and signaling molecules,such as tumor necrosis factor-α,NLR family pyrin domain containing 1,c-Jun N-terminal kinase,and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5,accounted for the anti-tumor effects of ursolic acid in CTCL cells.Conclusion:Ursolic acid significantly inhibited the proliferation of CTCL cells,and our study laid a theoretical foundation for the future treatment of CTCL using ursolic acid.

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy: A case report

BACKGROUND Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITL) is a subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, with heterogenous clinical manifestations and poor prognosis. Here,we report a case of AITL induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH)and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy(DIC).CASE SUMMARY An 83-year-old man presented with fever and purpura of both lower limbs for one month. Groin lymph node puncture and flow cytometry indicated a diagnosis of AITL. Bone marrow examination and other laboratory related indexes indicated DIC and HLH. The patient rapidly succumbed to gastrointestinal bleeding and septic shock.CONCLUSION This is the first reported case of AITL induced HLH and DIC. AITL is more aggressive in older adults. In addition to male gender, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, anaemia, and sustained high level of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio may indicate a greater risk of death. Early diagnosis, early detection of severe complications, and prompt and effective treatment are vital.

Intestinal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma presenting as a pancreatic head space-occupying lesion:A case report

BACKGROUND Intestinal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma(NKTCL)is a rare and aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma,and its occurrence is closely related to Epstein-Barr virus infection.In addition,the clinical symptoms of NKTCL are not obvious,and the specific pathogenesis is still uncertain.While NKTCL may occur in any segment of the intestinal tract,its distinct location in the periampullary region,which leads clinicians to consider mimics of a pancreatic head mass,should also be addressed.Therefore,there remain huge challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal NKTCL.CASE SUMMARY In this case,we introduce a male who presented to the clinic with edema of both lower limbs,accompanied by diarrhea,and abdominal pain.Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)showed well-defined homogeneous hypoechoic lesions with abundant blood flow signals and compression signs in the head of the pancreas.Under the guidance of EUS-fine needle biopsy(FNB)with 19 gauge or 22 gauge needles,combined with multicolor flow cytometry immunophenotyping(MFCI)helped us diagnose NKTCL.During treatments,the patient was prescribed the steroid(dexamethasone),methotrexate,ifosfamide,L-asparaginase,and etoposide chemotherapy regimen.Unfortunately,he died of leukopenia and severe septic shock in a local hospital.CONCLUSION Clinicians should enhance their understanding of NKTCL.Some key factors,including EUS characteristics,the right choice of FNB needle,and combination with MFCI,are crucial for improving the diagnostic rate and reducing the misdiagnosis rate.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis after autologous stem cell transplantation in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITL), a unique subtype of peripheral Tcell lymphoma, has relatively poor outcomes. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation(ASCT) can achieve complete remission and improve outcomes. Unfortunately, subsequent T-cell lymphoma-triggered hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH) has a worse prognosis than B-cell lymphoma-triggered HLH.CASE SUMMARY We here report a 50-year-old woman with AITL who achieved a favorable outcome after developing HLH 2 mo after receiving high-dose chemotherapy/ASCT. The patient was initially admitted to our hospital because of multiple enlarged lymph nodes. The final pathologic diagnosis, made on biopsy of a left axillary lymph node was AITL(Stage Ⅳ, Group A). Four cycles of the following chemotherapy regimen were administered: Cyclophosphamide 1.3 g, doxorubicin 86 mg, and vincristine 2 mg on day 1;prednisone 100 mg on days 1-5;and lenalidomide 25 mg on days 1-14. The interval between each cycle was 21 d. The patient received a conditioning regimen(busulfan, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide) followed by peripheral blood stem cell infusion. Unfortunately, she developed sustained fever and a low platelet count 17 d after ACST, leading to a diagnosis of HLH after ASCT. During treatment, she experienced thrombocytopenia and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The patient was successfully treated with etoposide and glucocorticoids.CONCLUSION It is possible that development of HLH is related to immune reconstitution after ASCT.

The Role of Mitochondrial VDAC2 in the Survival and Proliferation of T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells

Background: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy with aberrant T-cell developmental arrest. Individuals with relapsed T-ALL have limited therapeutic alternatives and poor prognosis. The mitochondrial function is critical for the T-cell viability. The voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) in the mitochondrial outer membrane, interacts with pro-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins and mediates the apoptosis of several cancer cell lines. Objective: The aim of the current study is to explore the role of VDAC2 in T-ALL cell survival and proliferation. Methods: Publicly available datasets of RNA-seq results were analyzed for expression of VDAC isoforms and T-ALL cell lines were treated with a VDAC2 small molecular inhibitor erastin. A VDAC2 RNA interference (siRNA) was delivered to T-ALL cell lines using a retroviral vector. Functional assays were performed to investigate the VDAC2 siRNA impacts on cell proliferation, apoptosis and survival of T-ALL cells. Results: Our analysis found a high expression of VDAC2 mRNA in various T-ALL cell lines. Public datasets of T-ALL RNA-seq also showed that VDAC2 is highly expressed in T-ALL (116.2 ± 36.7), compared to control groups. Only two T-ALL cell lines showed sensitivity to erastin (20 μM) after 48 hours of incubation, including Jurkat (IC50 = 3.943 μM) and Molt4 (IC50 = 3.286 μM), while another two T-ALL cells (CUTLL1 and RPMI 8402) had unstable IC50. However, five T-ALL cell lines (LOUCY, CCRF-CEM, P12-ICHI, HPB-ALL, and PEER cells) showed resistance to erastin. On the contrary, all T-ALL cell lines genetically inhibited with VDAC2 siRNA led to more than 80% decrease in VDAC2 mRNA levels, and a Conclusion: VDAC2 is highly expressed in T-ALL cells. The inhibition of VDAC2 significantly decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, reduced cell proliferation and caused cell cycle sub-G1 arrest of T-ALL cells.

竹笋采挖下克隆整合对毛竹林发笋成竹规律的影响

【目的】为研发毛竹林高产高效生态经营技术提供一定参考。【方法】调查浙西南地区采挖毛竹林竹笋后的笋-幼竹生长过程,通过存活曲线分析毛竹林挖笋后的发笋成竹规律,探讨挖笋对竹笋中单宁、粗脂肪、粗蛋白等品质指标的影响。【结果】竹笋采挖提高了毛竹林地的发笋能力,挖笋样地的发笋数比未挖笋样地增加了12.8%(P<0.05),而挖笋后选留竹笋的存活率也显著高于未挖笋样地;与未挖笋样地相比,挖笋样地内毛竹新分株的平均胸径并未发生显著改变(P>0.05),挖笋不会降低新分株胸径而使林分衰退;竹笋间的非对称性竞争有利于竹笋地径的径级为Ⅰ-Ⅲ级竹笋的生长与存活,随着地径的提高竹笋死亡率显著降低,而径级Ⅳ级以上竹笋则有着较高的死亡率。盛笋早期以后,径级相对较小(Ⅳ级以上)的竹笋开始大量萌发,这类竹笋若不及时采挖,大部分会出现退笋,造成资源浪费;挖笋和未挖笋样地竹笋的含水率、蛋白质和粗脂肪含量在各笋期均未见显著差异(P>0.05),尽管挖笋样地竹笋的单宁含量在末笋期显著高于未挖笋样地,但两种样地其他笋期单宁含量均未见显著差异。【结论】毛竹林竹笋的采挖,可缓解竹笋间的非对称性的资源竞争,有效避免大量退笋导致的毛竹母株营养消耗,实现母株资源的克隆整合,增加竹笋产量。因此,合理的竹笋采挖有利于毛竹笋用林的高效生产及可持续性经营。

融合NSGA-II和CSA的多目标车间调度

针对在灵活车间系统中调度作业和自动引导车(automated guide vehicle,AGV)的同时调度问题,考虑在有限多个AGV和加工机台的情况下,以最小化最大完工时间、单个AGV搬运消耗时间及所有AGV搬运总消耗时间为目标函数,设计融合NSGA-II(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms)和克隆选择(clonal selection algorithm,CSA)的改进算法INGCSA来解决此类问题。采用工件、加工机台和AGV三部分编码;引入非支配排序和目标函数值大小排序后总得分进行种群分层,从而有效地保留优秀个体;针对克隆后的种群,对不同等级的种群采取不同的变异概率,并对染色体进行内部交换与均匀交叉混合交换的基因重组,有效地提高了种群的多样性与防止陷入局部最优。通过三组对比实验,验证了该算法在探索最优解时,具有运行时间短、稳定性高和收敛性好等优点。

意义未明的特发性及克隆性血细胞减少症的临床研究

目的探讨意义未明的特发性/克隆性血细胞减少症(ICUS/CCUS)患者的临床表现及相关实验室诊断,评估疾病发展及预后。方法选取2019年1月至2021年2月于该院诊治的14例ICUS/CCUS患者,其中ICUS 7例、CCUS 7例,对其临床表现、骨髓形态及病理、染色体及骨髓增生异常综合征荧光原位杂交检测(MDS FISH)、基因突变进行检测分析。结果7例ICUS患者超过1年随诊,予对症支持治疗为主,1例进展为CCUS;7例CCUS患者中2例进展为MDS伴原始细胞增多亚型-1,1例进展为急性髓系白血病-M5。结论ICUS患者需定期随访,建议定期复查MDS基因突变检测,有进展为CCUS可能;合并有提示预后不良基因突变的CCUS患者需定期复查骨髓,及早干预诊治。