Prunus persica(peach)trees carrying the“Pillar”or“Broomy”trait(br)have vertically oriented branches caused by loss-of-function mutations in a gene called TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 1(TAC1).TAC1 encodes a protein in the ...Prunus persica(peach)trees carrying the“Pillar”or“Broomy”trait(br)have vertically oriented branches caused by loss-of-function mutations in a gene called TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 1(TAC1).TAC1 encodes a protein in the IGT gene family that includes LAZY1 and DEEPER ROOTING 1(DRO1),which regulate lateral branch and root orientations,respectively.Here we found that some of the native TAC1 alleles in the hexaploid plum species Prunus domestica,which has a naturally more upright stature,contained a variable length trinucleotide repeat within the same exon 3 region previously found to be disrupted in pillar peach trees.RNAi silencing of TAC1 in plum resulted in trees with severely vertical branch orientations similar to those in pillar peaches but with an even narrower profile.In contrast,PpeTAC1 overexpression in plum led to trees with wider branch angles and more horizontal branch orientations.Pillar peach trees and transgenic plum lines exhibited pleiotropic phenotypes,including differences in trunk and branch diameter,stem growth,and twisting branch phenotypes.Expression profiling of pillar peach trees revealed differential expression of numerous genes associated with biotic and abiotic stress,hormone responses,plastids,reactive oxygen,secondary,and cell wall metabolism.Collectively,the data provide important clues for understanding TAC1 function and show that alteration of TAC1 expression may have broad applicability to agricultural and ornamental tree industries.展开更多
This study was conducted to analyze the regulation mechanisms of TAC1,TACR1,TACR2 and TACR3 genes on reproduction of goat under different photoperiods. The expression conditions of TAC1,TACR1,TACR2 and TACR3 genes in ...This study was conducted to analyze the regulation mechanisms of TAC1,TACR1,TACR2 and TACR3 genes on reproduction of goat under different photoperiods. The expression conditions of TAC1,TACR1,TACR2 and TACR3 genes in 12 tissues( oviduct,ovary,uterus,gluteus,mesenteric fat,brain,cerebellum,medulla oblongata,hart,lung,liver,kidney) of adult Henan Huai goat under different photoperiods( short day light,Light 8 h∶ dark 16 h,and long day light,light 16 h∶ dark 8 h) were analyzed by q-PCR method. TAC1,TACR1,TACR2 and TACR3 genes were expressed in all the 12 tissues of goats,with different expression characteristics; and the expression levels of all the genes were affected by photoperiod and changing of light signal between light and dark under short photoperiod. Shifting of light signal from dark to light was more conductive to the expression of these genes in all tissues than that of light signal from light to dark.There were significant differences in the expression levels of genes between light shifting from light to dark and from dark to light when the genes were expressed at a higher level in some tissues. TAC1 and TACR2 genes were expressed at a higher level than TACR1 and TACR3 genes in the various tissues,which implied that TACR2 is a receptor given priority to combine with TAC1 when TAC1 is functional.展开更多
Dear editor,I am Dr.Jie Peng,from the Department of Ophthalmology,Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai,China.I write to present a case report of a novel in-frame del...Dear editor,I am Dr.Jie Peng,from the Department of Ophthalmology,Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai,China.I write to present a case report of a novel in-frame deletion mutation c.17779del TAC of neurofibromatosis type 1 in a Chinese boy with bilateral blindness.Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1;OMIM#162200),an autosomal dominant disease,is caused by mutations in the NF1gene.The incidence of this disease is around 1 in 3500展开更多
Tiller angle is a key feature of the architecture of cultivated rice （Oryza sativa）, since it determines planting density and influences rice yield. Our previous work identified Tiller Angle Control 1 （TACI） as a ...Tiller angle is a key feature of the architecture of cultivated rice （Oryza sativa）, since it determines planting density and influences rice yield. Our previous work identified Tiller Angle Control 1 （TACI） as a major quantitative trait locus that controls rice filler angle. To further clarify the evolutionary characterization of the TAC1 gene, we compared a TACl-containing 3164-bp genomic region among 113 cultivated varieties and 48 accessions of wild rice, including 43 accessions of O. rufipogon and five accessions of O. nivara. Only one single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP）, a synonymous substitution, was detected in TAC1 coding regions of the cultivated rice varieties, whereas one synonymous and one nonsynonymous SNP were detected among the TAC1 coding regions of wild rice accessions. These data indicate that little natural mutation and modification in the TAC1 coding region occurred within the cultivated rice and its progenitor during evolution. Nucleotide diversities in the TAC1 gene regions of O. sativa and O. rufipogon of 0.00116 and 0.00112, respectively, further indicate that TAC1 has been highly conserved during the course of rice domestication. A functional nucleotide polymorphism （FNP） of TAC1 was only found in the japonica rice group. A neutrality test revealed strong selection, especially in the 3＇-flanking region of the TAC1 coding region containing the FNP in the japonica rice group. However, no selection occurred in the indica and wild-rice groups. A phylogenetic tree derived from TAC1 sequence analysis suggests that the indica and japonica subspecies arose indepen- dently during the domestication of wild rice.展开更多
基金This work was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive grant 10891264 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and by the National Science Foundation grant number 1339211.
文摘Prunus persica(peach)trees carrying the“Pillar”or“Broomy”trait(br)have vertically oriented branches caused by loss-of-function mutations in a gene called TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 1(TAC1).TAC1 encodes a protein in the IGT gene family that includes LAZY1 and DEEPER ROOTING 1(DRO1),which regulate lateral branch and root orientations,respectively.Here we found that some of the native TAC1 alleles in the hexaploid plum species Prunus domestica,which has a naturally more upright stature,contained a variable length trinucleotide repeat within the same exon 3 region previously found to be disrupted in pillar peach trees.RNAi silencing of TAC1 in plum resulted in trees with severely vertical branch orientations similar to those in pillar peaches but with an even narrower profile.In contrast,PpeTAC1 overexpression in plum led to trees with wider branch angles and more horizontal branch orientations.Pillar peach trees and transgenic plum lines exhibited pleiotropic phenotypes,including differences in trunk and branch diameter,stem growth,and twisting branch phenotypes.Expression profiling of pillar peach trees revealed differential expression of numerous genes associated with biotic and abiotic stress,hormone responses,plastids,reactive oxygen,secondary,and cell wall metabolism.Collectively,the data provide important clues for understanding TAC1 function and show that alteration of TAC1 expression may have broad applicability to agricultural and ornamental tree industries.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31472095)Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-38)
文摘This study was conducted to analyze the regulation mechanisms of TAC1,TACR1,TACR2 and TACR3 genes on reproduction of goat under different photoperiods. The expression conditions of TAC1,TACR1,TACR2 and TACR3 genes in 12 tissues( oviduct,ovary,uterus,gluteus,mesenteric fat,brain,cerebellum,medulla oblongata,hart,lung,liver,kidney) of adult Henan Huai goat under different photoperiods( short day light,Light 8 h∶ dark 16 h,and long day light,light 16 h∶ dark 8 h) were analyzed by q-PCR method. TAC1,TACR1,TACR2 and TACR3 genes were expressed in all the 12 tissues of goats,with different expression characteristics; and the expression levels of all the genes were affected by photoperiod and changing of light signal between light and dark under short photoperiod. Shifting of light signal from dark to light was more conductive to the expression of these genes in all tissues than that of light signal from light to dark.There were significant differences in the expression levels of genes between light shifting from light to dark and from dark to light when the genes were expressed at a higher level in some tissues. TAC1 and TACR2 genes were expressed at a higher level than TACR1 and TACR3 genes in the various tissues,which implied that TACR2 is a receptor given priority to combine with TAC1 when TAC1 is functional.
文摘Dear editor,I am Dr.Jie Peng,from the Department of Ophthalmology,Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai,China.I write to present a case report of a novel in-frame deletion mutation c.17779del TAC of neurofibromatosis type 1 in a Chinese boy with bilateral blindness.Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1;OMIM#162200),an autosomal dominant disease,is caused by mutations in the NF1gene.The incidence of this disease is around 1 in 3500
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB100201)the National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.30930057)the Chang Jiang Scholars Program
文摘Tiller angle is a key feature of the architecture of cultivated rice （Oryza sativa）, since it determines planting density and influences rice yield. Our previous work identified Tiller Angle Control 1 （TACI） as a major quantitative trait locus that controls rice filler angle. To further clarify the evolutionary characterization of the TAC1 gene, we compared a TACl-containing 3164-bp genomic region among 113 cultivated varieties and 48 accessions of wild rice, including 43 accessions of O. rufipogon and five accessions of O. nivara. Only one single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP）, a synonymous substitution, was detected in TAC1 coding regions of the cultivated rice varieties, whereas one synonymous and one nonsynonymous SNP were detected among the TAC1 coding regions of wild rice accessions. These data indicate that little natural mutation and modification in the TAC1 coding region occurred within the cultivated rice and its progenitor during evolution. Nucleotide diversities in the TAC1 gene regions of O. sativa and O. rufipogon of 0.00116 and 0.00112, respectively, further indicate that TAC1 has been highly conserved during the course of rice domestication. A functional nucleotide polymorphism （FNP） of TAC1 was only found in the japonica rice group. A neutrality test revealed strong selection, especially in the 3＇-flanking region of the TAC1 coding region containing the FNP in the japonica rice group. However, no selection occurred in the indica and wild-rice groups. A phylogenetic tree derived from TAC1 sequence analysis suggests that the indica and japonica subspecies arose indepen- dently during the domestication of wild rice.
